Act II. A Piece of Musick by _The Child_.

The ‘Piece of Musick by the Child’ was evidently a youthful composition

and may be the identical MS. mentioned by Musgrave in his “Obituary.”

Musgrave’s entries meant a great deal to himself, but they are very

puzzling to those not initiated into the secret. Thus the entry

“Benjamin Hallet, MS. (Music)” without date and no indication as to

where it may be found, led us to a good deal of research which proved

quite fruitless.

To be associated with such shining lights as Garrick, Yates, and the

charming Mrs Cibber was an excellent send-off for “the child” and he

was doubtless the recipient of much petting from the men and women

of birth and genius who frequented the theatre. Who little Hallet’s

parents were, we have been unable to discover, the only likely clue

to his father is found at the foot of Benjamin’s “benefit” programme

quoted later. There it is announced that tickets may be had of Mr

Hallet in Exeter Court, near Exeter Exchange, in the Strand, but what

was the exact relationship between this gentleman and the prodigy is

only a matter of conjecture. The London Directory for 1749, gives the

name of “Crowley Hallet, Old Swan Lane, Thames Street,” and that of the

year 1752 announces that “Crowley Hallet was living near Fishmongers’

Hall, Thames Street.” In the year 1754 there was a “Captain John

Hallet, Royal Exchange, Assurance Director, and Ships’ Husband” living

in “Love Lane, Aldermanbury.” Of these two, Crowley Hallet--whose

address presupposes him to have been a tradesman--was more likely to

have been Benjamin’s father, for the advertising genius of the day

was a great stickler for _class distinction_. If a person of genteel

birth appeared--by chance--on the stage or concert platform, they were

invariably announced as a “gentleman,” or “gentlewoman,” or as in the

following advertisement of a seventeenth-century prodigy, in _The

London Gazette_ for 26th November 1694:--“The Consort of Musick in

Charles Street Covent Garden will begin again next Thursday with the

addition of two new voices, _one a young gentlewoman of 12 years of

age_.”

Had Benjamin Hallet been able to claim a “Captain” for his father, he

would certainly have been accorded the distinction of being a “_young

gentleman not yet nine years of age_.” But surmise is of little use,

for Benjamin’s parents have faded into the land of oblivion and left no

trace of themselves except in their talented offspring.

The next we hear of “the child,” is three years later when he is

announced in _The General Advertiser_ to appear in “The Old Woman’s

Oratory, conducted by Mrs Mary Midnight.” This entertainment was one of

the most humorous and up-to-date amusements of the period. It continued

to exist for many years on and off, and was eventually taken up by

Colley Cibber, whose drolleries gave it a further lease of life. The

names of the original promoters do not appear on the playbills, but the

name of “Mrs Mary Midnight” perhaps but thinly veils the half-crazy

personality of Christopher Smart, the leader and prime spirit of the

choicest wits of the day. Poor Smart was twice confined to Bedlam for

taking the injunction, “pray without ceasing” too literally, but in

spite of his evident madness on this point, he was otherwise sane, and

few could surpass the neat wit and epigram that flowed so freely from

his ready pen. Under the pseudonym of Mary Midnight (a name said to

have been suggested to Smart by some booth at St Bartholomew’s Fair)

he brought out a magazine which he called _The Midwife, or the Old

Woman’s Magazine_ by Mrs Mary Midnight. This purely satirical weekly

was published by good John Newberry whose name Goldsmith epitomised in

the lines:

“What we say of a thing that has just come in fashion,

And that which we do with the dead,

Is the name of the honestest man in the nation,

What more of a man can be said.”

On the 24th of December 1751, a long list of the attractions to be

found at “The Old Woman’s Oratory,” is given in the front page of _The

General Advertiser_. The entertainment is announced to take place at

“the New Theatre in the Haymarket, and to be conducted by Mrs Mary

Midnight and her family. Being the second time of their appearance

in public.” The first act opened with “A grand piece for the Kettle

Drums and Trumpets,” after which, “Mrs Midnight made her Inauguration

Speech.” The third act consisted of, 1. “Speech of Old Time to the Good

People of Britain. 2. Solo on the violoncello by Cupid” [the God of

Love was impersonated by little Hallet]. “3. A Song by Mrs Midnight. 4.

Another Solo by Cupid. 5. Overture to Alexander. An occasional Prologue

by a Gentleman, and an Epilogue to be spoken by Master Hallet in the

character of Cupid. The doors to be open at Eleven o’clock, in the

morning, and the concert to begin exactly at Twelve.”

The hour at which this entertainment took place was prohibitive to

the city clerk or tradesman, but to the beaux from the neighbouring

coffee-houses, and the _belles dames_ fresh from their lengthy

_toilette_, Mrs Midnight’s entertainment proved vastly amusing. Thus

little Hallet was again amongst the _élite_ of the land.

_The Midwife, or Old Woman’s Magazine_ for 1752, which claims to

contain “all the wit and Humor, and all the Learning, and all the

Judgement that there was ever, or ever will be inserted in all other

Magazines or any other book what-so-ever. So that those who try

this book will read no other. Published pursuant to several Acts of

Parliament, and by the permission of their most Christian and most

Catholic Majesties: The Great Mogul and the States General.... Printed

by Mary Midnight and sold by T. Carman in St Paul’s Church Yard, Price

three Pence,” gives several of the poems and pieces said to have

been spoken at the “Old Woman’s Oratory.” Among these we came across

the following lines, which were assigned to Benjamin Hallet in the

character of Cupid:--

EPILOGUE

“From fair Venus on Wing,

A joyous Embassy I bring,

Her Majesty this Mandate sends,

‘That Virtue now and Love be Friends,

That Beaux and Belles should cease to roam,

And every heart should find a Home;

That their joint labours they bestow

To make more business for my bow.

That Men mayn’t fail by lewd Transgression

But grow immortal by Succession.’

Now while to the ethereal Sky,

By Mammy’s Order, swift I fly,

Let Mary Midnight o’er the Nation

Reign Queen of Love by Deputation.”

A footnote at the end of these lines states Hallet to be “a child not

nine years old, who plays upon the violoncello, and in every other

respect has a capacity greatly beyond his Years. N.B. He is shortly to

have a benefit, at which ’tis hoped all Mrs Midnight’s Friends will do

him the Honour of their Presence.”

Benefits were far more common in Hallet’s time than they are now. From

the great Garrick down to the scene-shifter, all the _personnelle_

of the Theatres had their “Benefit” in the Autumn. Concerts were

not so numerous, but concert artists also not infrequently adopted

the practice. Contemporary with Hallet Dr Arne’s little son, who

was possessed of a wonderful singing voice, gave benefit concerts

at which he both sang and played the organ. Then again, there was a

sweet singer, Master Mattocks; and a Miss Davies, “a child nine years

old,” who gave a concert in the Great Room in Dean Street, Soho, and

distinguished herself by playing a “concerto of Mr Handel’s on the

Harpsichord”; and a youthful dancer called “The little Swiss,” all of

whom had their benefits. Hallet was not “alone in his glory,” there

were several child prodigies for him to compete with, and one cannot

help admiring him all the more, for a talent that can cope with rivalry

and hold its own, must be of no mean order.

Unfortunately musical journalism did not begin in England until the

beginning of the last century, so there is no possibility of gauging

Hallet’s capacities in this manner, but, doubtless, his benefit concert

met with a large measure of support and success, for the following

programme given in _The General Advertiser_ for 6th February 1752, is

of an attractive character:--

At the particular desire of Several Persons

of Quality

For the Benefit of BENJAMIN HALLET

A child of Nine Years of Age

At the New Theatre in the Hay-market

This day will be exhibited a Grand Concert of

MUSICK

By Gentlemen mask’d after the Manner of the

Grecian and Roman Comedy. Boxes 5s. Pit 3s.

At the same time will be performed

THE OLD WOMAN’S ORATORY

To be concluded by Mrs Mary Midnight and

her family.

To be divided into Three Acts.

Act the first will contain

1. A grand Piece with Kettle-Drums and Trumpets. 2. Solo on

the Violoncello by Cupid. 3. The Inauguration speech by Mrs

Mary Midnight. 4. Concerto for two Clarinettes. 5. Mr Handel’s

Waterpiece, with a Preamble on the Kettle-Drums.

Act the Second

1. A full piece. 2. A piece by Signor Bombasto. 3. The Speech of

Mrs Midnight in Defence of her Existence. 4. Solo on the Cymbalo.

5. Overture in Otho. 6. An Oration on the Salt-Box by a Rationalist.

Act the Third

1. An Italian Song by Signor Bombazeno. 2. A new dissertation by

Mrs Midnight. 3. A French Horn Concerto. 4. A Declamatory Piece on

the Jew’s Harp by a Casuist. 5. March in Judas Maccabeus, with the

Side-Drum.

With a new occasional Prologue written by a gentleman of the

University and an Epilogue to be spoken by Master Hallet in the

character of Cupid.

The Doors to be opened at Six o’clock; and the Concert to begin

exactly at Seven.

The House will be made very warm, and illuminated with Wax Lights.

Then follows the same remark about Benjamin Hallet’s capabilities which

we have already quoted from _The Old Woman’s Magazine_, ending with the

announcement that tickets could be had of Mr Hallet, in Exeter Court,

near Exeter Exchange, in the Strand.

It is noticeable that this magnificent affair began at seven o’clock,

an arrangement calculated to admit the _Hoi polloi_, and augment

the managerial receipts, and also that the programme reveals little

Hallet to have been possessed either of a large amount of modesty or

perspicuity, for out of the fifteen or more items there announced

only two were appropriated by himself. It must be remembered that

although such masters as Handel, Buononcini, Arne, etc., had their

numerous admirers among the more cultured musical amateurs, still,

much of the British public were just as pleased with the Jew’s harp,

marrow bones, and salt-box as with an oratorio of Handel’s or an

aria of Arne’s. Benjamin probably realised the preference generally

felt for these instruments, and for this reason put himself and the

graver violoncello in the background at his concert, allowing the

Jew’s harp and other grotesqueries the place of honour. A most amusing

satire--among others--on the general taste for these caricatures of

musical instruments, was written by Bonnell Thornton, whose wit would

have been supreme, but for his contemporary, Kit Smart. With excellent

humour he burlesqued the use of what he termed those “Ancient British

instruments,” in an amusing lampoon entitled “Ode on St Cecilia’s

Day, adapted to the Ancient British Musick: the Salt Box, the Jew’s

Harp, the Marrow Bones, and Cleavers, the Hum Strum or Hurdy Gurdy”

(London, 1762). No one appreciated this sally more than Dr Johnson,

who, it is said, delighted in repeating extracts from it by heart. A

number of Bonnell Thornton’s quaint conceits appeared in his magazine

_Have at you all_, or _The Drury Lane Journal_, which emulated

Fielding’s _Covent Garden Journal_, but was neither so long lived nor

so successful. Under the pseudonym of “Mrs Roxana Termagant,” Bonnell

Thornton pursued his editorial labours, and introduced into its pages

many a burlesque skirmish with his contemporaries’ magazines, _The

Midwife_ and _The Covent Garden Journal_, and in the year 1752 a

witty account of a visit made by “Mrs Mary Midnight” to “Madam Roxana

Termagant” appeared.

Little Hallet was evidently a favoured _protégé_ of all the wits of

the day from his connection with one of the most popular entertainments

then in vogue, and there is little doubt that he proved an attraction,

as his name appears among the performers during the whole of the first

season and again in the following season. On the 10th April 1753 _The

Public Advertiser_ announces a concert:

For the Benefit of

Master BENJAMIN HALLET and Sig. GAPATUNS

At the New Theatre in the Hay-market.

This Day will be exhibited

Mrs MARY MIDNIGHT’S CONCERT

WITH a new occasional Prologue, to be spoken by Master Hallet,

in the character of Cupid; and an Epilogue by Mrs Midnight on a

Jack Ass; likewise a new Song called _The Dust Cart_, by Mr Joe,

accompanied by Sig. Bombasto. To which will be added a Grand

Dance in the old British Taste, and a hornpipe by the great Mons.

Timbertoe.

Boxes 5s. Pit 3s. Gallery 2s.

Tickets to be had at Mr Johnson’s Musick-shop in Cheapside; Mr

Peter Thomson’s in St Paul’s Church-yard; Mr Jones’s in Holborn;

and at Mr Waylett’s in Exeter Exchange in the Strand, and at the

Theatre.

This will be the last time except one, that Master HALLET will

perform at this Theatre.

The above was in verity Hallet’s last appearance but one at the

“Old Woman’s Oratory.” He must have been at that time nearly

eleven--possibly more, for the published age of a prodigy is always

of doubtful verity--and was beginning to assume proportions quite

unfitted to the character of Cupid, so the management were compelled

to find a new _protégé_. The last appearance of little Hallet on any

concert platform is to be found in _The Public Advertiser_ for Monday,

12th November 1753, at an entertainment given at “The Five Balls,” New

Church in the Strand.

For the Benefit of a Gentleman who has

wrote for the Stage.

To-morrow, the 13th of November, will be a

Concert of Vocal and Instrumental

MUSICK.

In Act I. an overture of Mr Handel’s accompanied with French Horns.

A concerto of Geminani’s on the violin. _God gave great George our

King_, by Signor Bascado Squeekerini. The act will conclude with

a grand Piece of Musick. In Act II. a trio on the Viol d’Amore by

Mr Grosman. A Solo on the little Flute by Master HALLET. _Would

you take the Moon-tide Air_, by Signor Bascado Squeekerini. A

Concerto on the French Horn will conclude the Act. Between Act I.

and II. will be hum’d a HUMEROUS FISK. In Act III. a Concerto on

the Bassoon by Mr Baumgarten. _The Sweet Rosy Morning peeps over

the Hills_, etc. by Signor Bascado Squeekerini. The March in Judas

Maccabeus, accompanied by the Side-Drum, concluded with a Preamble

on the Kettle-Drums.

This is the last time Benjamin Hallet is advertised to play either the

flute or the violoncello in that year, and many years to follow. As far

as we have been able to discover, this appearance marked the end of the

career of this first violoncello prodigy.

His activity extended only over five years, beginning at Drury Lane

Theatre where he played the flute, and ending with the above concert

where he again reverted to the first instrument of his adoption.

THE RIVERSIDE PRESS LIMITED, EDINBURGH.

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FOOTNOTES:

[1] “History of the Violin,” by Sandys and Forster.

[2] Monteclair first introduced the double-bass into the Paris Opera

orchestra in 1730.

[3] “Memories of Music.”

[4] _Vide_ “Flowers from a Persian Garden,” by W. A. Coulston. London,

1890.

[5] Samuel Butler in “Hudibras” says--that brave Crowdero’s

“Grizzely beard grew long and thick

From whence he strung his fiddlestick.”

[6] _Vide_ A. Christianowich: “Exquise Historique de la Musique Arabe.”

Cologne, 1883.

[7] “The Troubadours and Courts of Love,” J. F. Rowbottham. London,

1895.

[8] “The Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians,” Edward W. Lane.

[9] Persian Treatise on “The Reasons of Modulations in Chants,” by

Abd-ul-cadir, 1418. This MS. is in the University of Leyden.

[10] An interesting and authentic rebec, is to be seen in the Donaldson

Museum, at the Royal College of Music.

[11] “Lettres de Remission,” quoted by Laurent Grillét, “Ancêtres du

Violon.”

[12] This play was first performed at Chambord, 14th October 1670.

[13] There is a fine Kerlino viola included in the Donaldson

Collection, dated 1452. This was shown at the South Kensington Special

Loan Exhibition in 1872. A similar example of the maker’s work, though

not in such a high state of preservation, is in the Musée of the

Conservatoire de Musique in Brussels.

[14] A facsimile representation of this viol and the title-page is

included in Mr Heron Allen’s “De Fidiculis Bibliographia,” and “The

Violin,” No. 5, a monthly, edited by Mr J. M. Fleming.

[15] I lived in the woods, until I was slain by the relentless axe.

Whilst I was alive I was silent, but in death my melody is exquisite.

[16] Reproduced in Von Wasielewski “Die Violoncelle.”

[17] All trace of this composition is apparently lost.

[18] Play the Crwth.

[19] “The Nursery Rhymes of England,” edited by James Orchard Halliwell.

[20] The “Archives Curieuses,” by Cimber et Danjou records the gift of

300 livres to De Bäif by Charles IX., “en consideration des services

qu’il lui a de longtemps faits en sondict état.”

[21] By Cimber et Danjou.

[22] Mr Betts made a copy of “The King,” which is now in the possession

of a lady of title in Scotland.

[23] Contralto-viol.

[24] Low tenor-viol.

[25] High tenor-viol.

[26] Tenor-viol, which later became the tenor violin or viola.

[27] Tailles were tenor and contralto viols.

[28] “The Violin.” Fifth Edition. Bernard Goodwin. Glasgow, 1895.

[29] _Vide_ “Gio. Paolo Maggini,” by Lady Huggins, published by Messrs

Hill & Sons.

[30] These letters have been collected into a neat little volume,

entitled “Readiana,” by Chatto & Windus. London, 1882.

[31] “Das Neu eröffnete Orchestre.” Hamburg, 1713.

[32] Henry C. Lunn, in his “Musings of a Musician” (London, 1846),

admirably describes the way “to make a Fashionable Ballad” in his

“Proposals for a Musical Cookery Book”: “Having procured some words,

pick them to pieces and pare them down to your liking. Then spread them

out upon a sheet of paper, and take a handful of sweet passages (which

all good cooks keep by them in a drawer) and sprinkle them over the

paper. Add as much spice as will lie upon two shillings, and garnish

with any little embellishments you can think of.”

[33] _Daily Courant_ of 17th February 1722/3.

* * * * * *

Transcriber’s note:

Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.

Archaic or alternate spelling that may have been in use at the time

of publication has been retained from the original.

Inconsistent use of diacritical marks has been retained from the

original.

Chats on Violoncellos · 第 3 / 3 章