Containing the Architecture that was particular
to the Ancients.
_Chap. I._ Of publick Buildings.
Art. 1. _Of Fortresses_, 113.
_In Fortification four things are consider'd; the
disposition of the Ramparts; the Figure of the whole place_,
114. _the building of the Walls; thickness, materials, and
terrass; the figure and disposition of the Towers_, 115,
116.
Art. 2. _Of Temples_, 116.
_Temples divided in the_ Greek _and_ Tuscan _Fashion; of
the_ Greek _some were round, and some square; in the square
Temples of the Greeks three things are to be considered; 1.
the_ Parts, _which are five, the Porch, the Posticum_, 117.
_the Middle, the Portico, and the Gates, which were of three
sorts_, viz. Dorick, 118. Jonick, 120. _and_ Attick, 120.
_2. The_ Proportion, 121. _and 3. The_ Aspect, _in respect
to the Heavens_, 122. _and to its own parts, which were
different in Temples with Pillars, and those without
Pillars; of Temples with Pillars there are eight sorts_,
122, 123, 124. Round Temples _were of two sorts, Monoptere_,
125. _Periptere_, 126. _Temples of the_ Tuscane Fashion,
126. _The Ancients had fourteen sorts of Temples_, 127.
Art. 3. _Of publick Places, Basilica's, Theatres,
Gates, Baths, and Academies_, 127.
_The Fabricks for publick Convenience were of six sorts, I.
Market-places of the_ Greeks _of the_ Romans, 128. _their
Proportions; II. Basilica's, their Proportions, Columns,_
_Galleries, and Chalcediques_, 128. _III. Theatres composed
of three parts; the Steps or Degrees which enclosed the
Orchestra_, 125. _the Scene which had three parts, the
Pulpit, the Proscenium_, 130. _and the Palascenium_, 131.
_And the Walking-places_, 131. _IV. Gates, which were either
natural or artificial, built three ways_, 132. _V. Baths,
consisting of many Chambers, their Description_, 133, 134.
_VI. Academies composed of three parts, the Peristyle_, 134.
_the Xystile_, 135. _and the Stadium_, 136.
_Chap. II._ Of Private Buildings.
Art. 1. _Of the Courts of Houses_, 137.
_The Courts of Houses were of five sorts, four whereof were
made with jettings out, or Pent-houses of four sorts. the_
Tuscan, 137. _the_ Corinthian, _the Tetrastyle, the
Vaulted_, 138. _the fifth sort uncoverted_, 138.
Art. 2. _Of the Vestibulum or Entry_, 139.
_The proportion of the Vestibulum was taken three ways, for
the length, breadth, and heighth_, 139. _Of the Alley in the
middle_, 140.
Art. 3. _Of Halls_, 140.
_Three sorts of Halls, the_ Corinthian, _the_ AEgyptian, _and
the_ Cyzican, 141.
Art. 4. _Of the Distribution of the Apartments among
the Ancients_, 142.
_The Distribution of the Apartments different among the_
Greeks _and_ Romans; _what the Difference was_, 141.
_Chap. III._ Of things that equally appertain to Publick
and Private Buildings.
Art. 1. _Of Aqueducts_, 143.
_The manner the Ancients used to take the Level exactly_,
143 _The Water was brought by Aqueducts, or by Pipes of
Lead, or Potters Work_, 144.
Art. 2. _Of Wells and Cisterns_, 145.
_The Precautions the Ancients used in digging their Wells,
to discover bad Water, and in making their Cisterns_, 145.
Art. 3. _Of Machines for carrying and lifting up great
Stones and Burthens_, 146.
_Machines for drawing Pillars_, 147. _Architraves_, 147.
_for raising great Weights, three sorts; first, with a
Handmill; second, with a Windlas_, 147. _third, with several
Ropes, to be drawn by Mens Hands_, 148.
Art. 4. _Of Machines for elevating Waters_, 149.
_Five sorts; I. The Tympan_, 149. _II. A Wheel with Boxes.
III. A Chain with Buckets. IV. The Vice of Archimedes. V.
The Pomp of_ Cresibius, 151.
Art. 5. _Of Water-mills for grinding Corn_, 152.
_The Water-mills of the Ancients were like ours._
Art. 6. _Of other Hydraulick Machines_, 153.
_Three sorts of Water-Machines; first, for shewing the
hour_, 153. _Second, Organs_, 154. _Third, for measuring the
Way by Water_, 154. _by Land_, 155.
Art. 7. _Of Machines of War_, 155.
_Three kinds; I. To dart Arrows, &c._ 155. _II. To batter
down Walls_, 157. _III. To cover them in their Approaches to
the Walls of the Besieged_, 158.
AN
ABRIDGMENT
OF THE
TEN BOOKS
OF THE
ARCHITECTURE
OF
VITRUVIUS.
THE
INTRODUCTION.