an important institution dedicated to protecting the rural rights
and interests, and propagating all the sciences that may be useful
to agriculture, cattle-breeding and all other rural industries.
The Association is the editor of an interesting publication which,
with the same name as that of the society, is issued twice a month.
The members of the Association continually study all that may
be of interest for the progress and improvement of agriculture,
cattle-feeding and all rural industries; and their studies have been
extremely useful to the country.
Among the services rendered by the _Uruguay Rural Association_ may
be mentioned the compiling of the _Rural Code_, which is considered
now as one of the laws of the nation. This "Rural Code" entrusts to
the Association the rural administration of the country, and the
Government consults its members over all that concerns the rural
interests.
The Association possesses a large library with all the papers,
reviews and books concerning rural industries. Frequently some of
the members deliver lectures, which are afterwards published in the
_Review_.
Cattle.
The war which ended in the year 1851, and, on account of its
duration, was called the "Guerra Grande" (the great war), and the
siege of Montevideo during nine years, contributed in a notable way
to produce a diminution in the quantity of cattle and flocks which
existed before in the Republic.
The census one year after that war (1852) only gave as the number of
live stock 3,858,176, thus distributed: 1,888,622 cattle, 1,127,069
horses, 19,490 asses and mules, 796,289 sheep, 25,300 pigs, and 1,406
goats.
Eight years after (1860) when the second census was made, according
to the declarations made for the payment of the Direct Contribution,
there were 6,159,909 animals--that is to say: 3,632,203 cattle,
518,208 horses, 8,301 asses and mules, 1,939,929 sheep, 5,831 pigs,
and 5,437 goats.
In 1886, when the farmers had still to pay the tax, according to
the declarations, there were 23,967,263 animals--6,254,490 cattle,
17,245,977 sheep, 442,525 horses, 7,032 mules, 5,405 goats and 11,833
pigs.
These last figures, if compared with the former ones, prove an
increase of 2,301,733 animals, or 59.65 per cent. over 1852, in favor
of 1860; and of 20,109,087 animals, or 21.20 per cent. over 1852, in
favor of 1886.
This increase could produce itself, notwithstanding the great
quantity of animals killed every year for consumption, slaughter
of the _Saladeros_ and exportation of live stock, which represent
considerable quantities.
If we bear in mind the increase that corresponds to every kind
of live stock in these last years, and the quantities of animals
possessed by many thousands of inhabitants who do not pay any tax for
them, it may be said that the number of live stock and the value it
represents in the Republic is more or less, as follows:
Cattle alone for breeding, and
young bulls ($6.00 each) 8,000,000 $48,000,000
Oxen ($15.00 each) 690,000 10,350,000
Horses ($6.00 each) 599,000 3,594,000
Asses and mules ($12.00 each) 11,000 132,000
Sheep ($0.60 each) 23,000,000 13,800,000
Goats ($1.00 each) 24,000 24,000
Pigs ($6.00 each) 23,000 138,000
---------- -----------
Animals 32,347,000 $73,038,000
If we distribute the 32,347,000 of live stock of all kinds over the
186,920 kilometres which is the total superficies of the Republic,
we find for each square kilometre 173.05 animals; if we distribute
them among the 708,168 inhabitants, we find that 45.67 animals of all
kinds correspond to each inhabitant.
As regards the value represented by live stock and corresponding to
each inhabitant, we find $103.13 for each.
The following table shows what place the Republic occupies among
other nations:
======================+=============================
| Heads of Cattle for every
| 1,000 inhabitants.
|---------+----------+--------
| Cattle. | Sheep. | Horses.
----------------------+---------+----------+--------
Uruguay Republic | 11,299 | 32,485 | 846
Argentine Republic | 5,464 | 27,955 | 1,868
Germany | 375 | 595 | 80
Spain | 185 | 1,404 | 43
France | 307 | 646 | 77
Italy | 130 | 324 | 37
Great Britain | 292 | 946 | 86
======================+=========+==========+========
The rather cruel experience acquired during the crisis of the year
1890, the effects of which are still to be felt, has opened new
ways to the economical activity of the country, and has given a new
impulse to all agricultural pursuits. Notwithstanding the scarcity
of capital and the difficulties of the ways of communication, the
cattle feeding has improved a great deal, with the sowing of hay and
pasture of all kinds, and with the crossing of the best varieties
cattle imported from Europa or bred in many important national farms.
The improvement of the varieties, in order to obtain better flesh,
fat, milk, butter, wool and hides, and the taming of all the native
animals, is absolutely necessary, and therefore is a powerful
attraction for those who would come over to this country and dedicate
themselves to cattle feeding and breeding, being sure, beforehand, of
getting good profits by exporting live animals and also dead animals,
by the frigorific system, to the Brazilian and European markets.
The last two years have not been very favorable to cattle industry;
but the present year shows itself as if going to be very propitious
to that industry, which is in such a perfect harmony with the
excellent qualities of our natural fields and meadows.
Here, no pest, no contagious disease is to be feared for the cattle.
The forage and water are wholesome, nutritive and pure; the climate
cannot be better.
With such conditions as these, it will be easily understood why
cattle industry gives a profit of more than 20 per cent. and why
it is generally a sufficient compensation to the scarce production
of the bad years produced by an excessive dryness or a transitory
diminution in the consumption of Brazil and Europe.
Slaughter in the Saladeros.
KILLING SEASON IN THE KILLING GROUNDS.
There exist various _saladeros_ or killing grounds in the Department
of Montevideo and along the coasts of the Uruguay. Some of them are
very important.
There they dry the flesh, prepare the _tasajo_ or dried meat, salt
the hides, burn the bones and elaborate extracts of meat.
To prove the importance of the _faena_ or killing season in those
establishments in the Republic of Uruguay, we give the following
comparative table:
==========================================
| ANIMALS KILLED IN THE SALADEROS.
| -----
Years. | Argentine Repub. | Uruguay Repub.
-------+------------------+---------------
1876 | 551,443 | 625,457
1877 | 662,500 | 527,600
1878 | 572,500 | 677,026
1879 | 539,000 | 556,500
1880 | 491,500 | 665,500
1881 | 399,000 | 576,170
1882 | 434,500 | 738,500
1883 | 365,100 | 704,400
1884 | 316,800 | 853,600
1885 | 610,700 | 647,029
1886 | 480,900 | 751,067
1887 | 327,208 | 499,554
1888 | 467,450 | 773,449
1889 | 701,400 | 708,923
1890 | 764,000 | 642,100
1891 | 844,600 | 613,500
=======+==================+===============
A description of every one of the saladeros that exist in the
Republic cannot be given here, being so limited in the space to be
disposed of; however, it is necessary to make known the importance of
the great establishment for elaborating the extract of meat by the
Liebig system.
The establishment is situated on the coast of the River Uruguay, and
is known to be the first establishment of its kind, not only in the
River Plate, but also in all South America. The following lines will
give an idea of it.
Two kilometres southward from Villa Independencia, in Fray-Bentos,
Department of Rio Negro, is the great establishment of "_Liebig's
Extract of Meat Co._" which forms by itself an important center of
population.
It was founded in the year 1864 by M. Gibert. The first exportation
of 230 kilogs of extract of meat got to Antwerp in November of the
same year, and Baron Liebig declared that it surpassed all his hopes.
Soon over 918 kilogs were exported monthly. In the year 1866 the
Company was founded in London, and M. Gibert had all the machinery
made in Scotland for the establishment, which began working in May,
1868. All the world knows now the extract, and its use is everywhere
adopted, in the hospitals as well as in the barracks. At the Paris
Exhibition in 1867 the highest prizes were given to M. Gibert for his
_Extractum Carnis_, this extract being the only product out of 75,000
sent to the Exhibition rewarded with two gold medals. In Vienna
also in 1873 it won the great gold medal over all the other systems
employed in Australia and other countries. M. Gibert died in 1874.
The establishment has gone on as prosperous as ever.
It possesses great and valuable buildings with powerful steam engines
to put in motion the great machines destined to all the different
preparations. The _galpon_ or shed where the animals are skinned and
cut up is a first-class one and permits the killing of 1,000 animals
per diem. During the killing season of 1891 208,800 animals were
killed, and in 1892 156,200. The extract exported during the year
1890, represents, according to the customhouse statistics, 820,670
kilogs, and during 1891, 711,564, giving a value the first year of
$1,677,408, and the second year of $2,134,692.00
The establishment is provided with great platforms for the drying
of all the materials necessary to prepare the guano or artificial
manure, with spacious sheds and machinery for reducing the materials
to powder, and also another shed for the grinding of bones.
Over 7,500 tons of coal and 3,500 of salt are employed yearly.
The different works in the establishment employ more than 600
persons: and the population all around the establishment is of 2,500
souls.
It has good quays where ships of all draughts can come and be quickly
loaded by powerful steam-cranes.
It has a school where a good education is given to more than a
hundred children, the sons of the workingmen; it has also a social
club and a band, composed of the workmen.
It possesses also all the workhouses necessary for the good
preparation and packing of its products.
Many _suertes_ of land belong to this important association in the
place called "Rincon de las Gallinas," where more than 35,000 heads
of cattle feed.
The capital of the society is £500,000, divided into 25,000 shares,
out of which only 24,300 were issued, the putting out of the other
being quite unnecessary.
The shares, the primitive price of which was £20 in London are now
quoted more than double. (£42 or £44.) The dividend received by the
shareholders varies between 10 and 12 per cent.
This establishment gives life and activity to the important
commercial centre of "Villa Independencia" and is a great stimulus
for the cattle industry in the country.
Trade and Commerce.
The Republic has important commercial relations with all the
principal European and American markets.
Its commerce is represented by the variety of goods imported into the
country and the agricultural products and cattle exported to other
countries.
The imported goods are, according to the statistics, all sorts of
drinks, food and provisions, cereals and spices, stuffs of all kinds,
clothes, materials for industry, machines and many other goods that
cannot be classed here.
The principal exports of the country are salted meat, _tasajo_,
preserved meat, extracts of meat, tallow, horns, bones, hides, wools,
preserved and dried tongues, ostrich feathers, live stock, corn,
flour, wheat, canary seed, hay, oats, bran, barley, flax, vermicelli,
potatoes, stone, lime, granite, pavements, agate stone, etc., etc.
The following table gives an idea of the exports and imports of the
Republic from the year 1862 to the year 1891.
------+------------+------------+-------------
| | |
Years.| Imports. | Exports. | Total.
------+------------+------------+-------------
1862 |$ 8,151,802 |$ 8,804,442 | $16,956,244
1864 | 8,384,167 | 6,334,706 | 14,718,873
1866 | 14,608,091 | 10,665,040 | 25,273,131
1867 | 17,657,918 | 12,077,795 | 29,735,713
1868 | 16,102,475 | 12,139,720 | 28,242,195
1869 | 16,830,678 | 13,930,027 | 30,760,705
1870 | 15,003,342 | 12,779,051 | 27,782,393
1871 | 14,864,247 | 13,334,224 | 28,198,471
1872 | 18,859,724 | 15,489,532 | 34,349,256
1873 | 21,075,446 | 16,301,772 | 37,377,218
1874 | 17,181,672 | 15,244,783 | 32,426,455
1875 | 12,431,408 | 12,695,610 | 25,125,018
1876 | 12,800,000 | 13,727,000 | 26,527,000
1877 | 15,045,846 | 15,899,405 | 30,945,251
1878 | 15,927,974 | 17,492,159 | 33,420,133
1879 | 15,949,903 | 16,645,961 | 32,595,864
1880 | 19,478,868 | 19,752,201 | 39,231,069
1881 | 17,918,884 | 20,229,512 | 38,148,396
1882 | 18,174,800 | 22,062,934 | 40,237,734
1883 | 20,322,311 | 25,221,664 | 45,543,975
1884 | 24,550,074 | 24,759,485 | 49,309,559
1885 | 25,275,476 | 25,253,036 | 50,528,512
1886 | 20,194,655 | 23,811,986 | 44,006,641
1887 | 24,615,944 | 18,671,996 | 43,287,940
1888 | 29,477,448 | 28,008,254 | 57,485,702
1889 | 36,823,863 | 25,954,107 | 62,777,970
1890 | 32,364 627 | 29,085,519 | 61,450,146
1891 | 18,978,420 | 26,998,270 | 45,976,690
------+------------+------------+------------
The participation every country had in the imports and exports of the
country during the last five years is represented by the following
figures:
IMPORTS.
====================+==========================================
| PER CENT.
|-------+--------+--------+-------+--------
| | | | |
FROM. | 1887 | 1888 | 1889 | 1890 | 1891
--------------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------
| | | | |
England | 27.26 | 32.32 | 28.44 | 27.17 | 28.85
France | 16.71 | 15.37 | 14.98 | 15.74 | 13.05
Brazil | 7.42 | 8.96 | 6.80 | 7.64 | 8.88
Spain | 8.73 | 7.49 | 7.10 | 6.71 | 2.63
Italy | 6.89 | 8.14 | 8.86 | 8.12 | 10.31
United States | 6.91 | 5.37 | 9.26 | 7.55 | 4.89
Germany | 11.53 | 10.32 | 9.32 | 8.67 | 9.72
Belgium | 4.86 | 5.41 | 4.42 | 4.59 | 3.85
Isle of Cuba | 0.88 | 0.61 | 0.51 | 0.60 | 1.10
Argentine Republic | 1.80 | 2.58 | 3.93 | 8.16 | 8.31
Chile | 0.39 | 0.40 | 2.38 | 0.86 | 0.67
Holland | 0.26 | 0.09 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.09
Paraguay | 0.61 | 0.44 | 0.23 | 0.40 | 0.51
Sweden | .... | .... | .... | 0.03 | ....
Portugal | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.13
India } | | | | |
China } | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.03 | ....
Japan } | | | | |
Peru and Ecuador | 0.03 | .... | .... | ..... | ....
Switzerland | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.02 | ..... | ....
Mauritius | 0.05 | .... | .... | ..... | ....
Austria | 0.01 | .... | .... | ..... | ....
Canary Island | 0.01 | .... | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.01
Russia | .... | .... | 0.56 | 0.04 | ....
Various ports | 5.42 | 2.28 | 2.77 | 3.17 | ....
--------------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------
Total |100 | 100 | 100 |100 | 100
====================+=======+========+========+=======+========
EXPORTS.
====================+===========================================
| PER CENT.
|--------+--------+--------+--------+-------
| | | | |
FOREIGN. | 1887 | 1888 | 1889 | 1890 | 1891
--------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+-------
England | 20.09 | 18.17 | 13.69 | 13.56 | 18.37
France | 13.29 | 16.27 | 20.13 | 21.04 | 23.27
Brazil | 13.67 | 19.39 | 12.69 | 11.27 | 17.55
Belgium | 17.96 | 12.25 | 15.84 | 10.80 | 13.25
United States | 8.16 | 8.31 | 5.55 | 6.89 | 6.85
Cuba | 5.12 | 2.22 | 0.96 | 0.81 | 1.29
Spain | 0.82 | 0.82 | 1.41 | 0.83 | 0.84
Italy | 1.69 | 1.32 | 1.47 | 1.23 | 2.08
Germany | 1.72 | 4.44 | 5.01 | 3.51 | 5.45
Argentine Republic | 6.00 | 7.34 | 8.82 | 8.77 | 9.16
Chile | 0.76 | 1.39 | 1.66 | 1.22 | 0.62
Paraguay | 0.03 | .... | 0.03 | 0.11 | ....
Reunion Island | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.02 | .... | ....
Peru | 0.03 | 0.04 | .... | .... | ....
Portugal | 0.79 | 1.04 | 0.77 | 1.15 | 0.68
Maloina Island | .... | 0.06 | 0.01 | .... | ....
Canary Island | .... | .... | .... | .... | 0.01
Mauritius | .... | .... | .... | 0.20 | 0.04
Carribee Island | .... | .... | .... | 0.02 | 0.08
Barbado Island | 0.03 | .... | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01
Various ports | 7.67 | 6.83 | 11.93 | 18.58 | 0.45
--------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------
Total |100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100
====================+========+========+========+========+========
The trade and exterior commerce of the Republic in relation with
its population has always been superior to that of the Argentine
Republic and Chile.
The following table shows that out of the imported goods during the
year 1891, there correspond to each inhabitant $13.50 more than to
each inhabitant of the Argentine Republic, and $3.61 more than to
each inhabitant of Chile. It shows also that each inhabitant has
exported $10.19 more than each inhabitant of the first country, and
$14 more than each one of the second country.
Argentine Republic (1891.) What corresponds
------- to each
4,000,000 Inhabitants. inhabitant.
Imports $ 67,207,780 $11.80
Exports 103,219,000 25.80
------------ ------
Total $170,426,790 $37.60
Chile (1891.)
-----
3,000,000 Inhabitants.
Imports $ 65,090,013 $21.69
Exports 65,963,100 21.99
------------ ------
Total $131,053,113 $43.68
Uruguay Republic (1891.)
-------
760,000 Inhabitants.
Imports $ 18,978,420 $25.30
Exports 26,998,270 35.99
------------ ------
Total $ 45,976,690 $61.29
The annual middle term of the commerce between this country and the
United States of America from the year 1887 to the year 1891 is, for
imports $2,014,267, and for exports $1,828,947; which proves a very
important commerce between both countries, representing an annual
value of $3,843,214 or $320,267, more or less, per month.
So as to prove the importance of our commerce with North America, as
well in imports as in exports, we give here the statistics of this
commerce during ten years, from 1882 to 1891:
Commerce Between the Oriental Republic of Uruguay and the United
States of America.
IMPORTS.
_I.--Drinks, in General._
1882 $ 66,733
1883 57,614
1884 20,826
1885 8,107
1886 11,849
1887 12,207
1888 7,432
1889 3,896
1890 5,796
1891 115
_II.--Eatables, Cereals, Spices._
1882 $ 80,036
1883 57,923
1884 81,075
1885 93,125
1886 73,097
1887 60,538
1888 48,980
1889 1,008,650
1890 188,581
1891 21,239
_III.--Tobacco, Cigars._
1882 $ 36,300
1883 28,235
1884 21,692
1885 31,510
1886 25,136
1887 24,386
1888 19,122
1889 26,234
1890 25,018
1891 17,074
_IV.--Stuffs, Cloth, Etc._
1882 $ 39,874
1883 47,849
1884 74,862
1885 86,230
1886 87,942
1887 118,346
1888 72,011
1889 99,590
1890 61,471
1891 38,320
_V.--Linen, Clothes._
1882 $ 593
1883 3,562
1884 1,809
1885 1,622
1886 3,011
1887 3,155
1888 1,316
1889 2,562
1890 1,675
1891 2,844
_VI.--Materials for the Industries, Machinery._
1882 $ 843,069
1883 623,170
1884 959,800
1885 1,349,687
1886 626,703
1887 985,165
1888 1,013,824
1889 1,660,774
1890 1,730,105
1891 404,659
_VII.--Various Goods._
1882 $ 370,106
1883 355,280
1884 412,862
1885 474,826
1886 419,081
1887 498,167
1888 422,223
1889 609,895
1890 432,390
1891 443,675
EXPORTS.
_I.--Live-stock._
From the year 1882 to the year 1891, there was no export of
live-stock.
_II.--Cattle Industry, Saladeros._
1882 $ 2,344,794
1883 2,185,125
1884 1,781,766
1885 4,365,929
1886 2,714,172
1887 1,519,267
1888 2,322,854
1889 1,436,348
1890 2,003,739
1891 1,839,922
_III.--Rural Products._
From 1882 to 1885 there was no export.
1886 $ 6
1887 30
1888 17
1889 25
1890 ...
1891 24
_IV.--Various Goods._
1882 $ 2,260
1883 2,036
1884 3,387
1885 4,661
1886 4,906
1887 3,558
1888 4,128
1889 4,939
1890 477
1891 9,412
Money.
The coined money, imported and exported, has been during the last
five years:
Years. Import. Export.
1887 $3,500,440 $ 7,127,147
1888 7,497,586 7,614,147
1889 5,696,111 10,148,668
1890 7,733,806 7,515,048
1891 6,417,405 5,618,582
Navigation.
The general navigation movement in the various ports of the Republic
has become of great importance, owing to the commercial improvements
and to the exemption from taxes granted by national legislation.
The following table gives an idea of it:
Years. Ships. Tonnage.
1875 20,394 3,116,161
1876 21,448 3,845,056
1877 22,102 4,370,721
1878 20,915 4,327,504
1879 22,272 4,595,040
1880 21,811 4,369,759
1881 23,053 4,435,860
1882 23,136 5,007,708
1883 22,837 5,422,538
1884 26,764 7,205,653
1885 29,731 8,590,543
1886 28,542 8,277,662
1887 29,994 9,423,337
1888 35,203 10,551,624
1889 35,582 12,444,462
1890 32,213 11,442,894
1891 27,207 9,482,644
During the last two years a diminution is observed, owed
to the crisis and to the competition made by the Argentine
ports--competition which will disappear when the work undertaken
to improve Montevideo's port is complete, the project of which is
already studied.
During the year 1891 have entered the ports of the Republic:
Tons.
From abroad 1,092 ships, with 1,429,661
From the Rivers:
Gen. coasting trade. 2,941 " " 1,302,648
Receptories 9,637 " " 2,009,951
---------
4,742,260
The ships were:
Tons.
7,099 steamers, with 4,157,905
6,571 sailing vessels, with 584,295
---------
13,670 vessels, with 4,742,200
That is to say, 1,139 vessels with 395,183 tons per month, or 37
vessels with 13,006 tons per day.
As regards the nationality of the 13,670 vessels entered, there were
5,229 national vessels, with 460,467 tons, and 8,441 foreign vessels,
with 4,281,793 tons.
Of all the ports in the Republic Montevideo is the most important one.
During the year 1891 there entered:
_From Abroad._
Tons.
434 sailing vessels, with 275,184
658 steamers, with 1,154,477
----- ---------
1,092 vessels, with 1,429,661
_From the Rivers--Coasting Trade._
Tons.
1,680 sailing vessels, with 85,542
1,261 steamers, with 1,217,106
----- ---------
2,941 vessels, with 1,302,648
Which gives a total of 4,033 vessels, with 2,732,309 tons, for the
year 1891.
The nationality of the vessels which entered the port of Montevideo
was:
==============+=========+=========+=========+==========
Flags | Sailors | Tons | Steamers| Tons.
--------------+---------+---------+---------+----------
Germany | 21 | 14.136 | 112 | 183.450
Argentine Rep | 1 | 192 | 5 | 515
Austria | 7 | 4.673 | .. | .....
Brazil | 4 | 1.041 | 42 | 30.721
Belgium | .. | ..... | 20 | 33.668
Denmark | 10 | 1.842 | .. | .....
Spain | 73 | 21.463 | 15 | 30.577
Chile | .. | ..... | 1 | 22
France | 1 | 565 | 97 | 236.963
Holland | 9 | 5.490 | 1 | 2.267
England | 103 | 85.818 | 258 | 456.690
Italy | 58 | 35.129 | 97 | 174.812
North America | 19 | 10.720 | 2 | 3.081
Uruguay Rep. | 1 | 247 | 8 | 1.711
Russia | 4 | 3.921 | .. | .....
Sweden | 123 | 89.947 | .. | .....
|---------+---------+---------+----------
Total | 434 | 275.184 | 658 |1.154.477
==============+=========+=========+=========+==========
The vessels coasting were:
Ships. Tons.
With the national flag 1,551 99,538
With foreign flag 1,390 1,203,110
----- ---------
2,941 1,302,648
Goods.
According to the statistics the goods moved in the harbor of
Montevideo during the last five years are calculated thus:
1887 1,187,557
1888 1,411,686
1889 1,773,610
1890 1,316,296
1891 1,089,992
---------
6,779,141
That is to say, a middle term of 1,355,828 tons moved per year, or
112,985 per month.
Lighthouses.
Along the coasts of the Republic, watered by the Atlantic Ocean and
the River Plate, there are eleven lighthouses, established in the
most convenient points, to guide and advise the sailors. To them must
be attributed the notable diminution in the number of shipwrecks.
=================+=========+=======+==============+===========
| | | |
Situation | Light | Class | Luminous | Tax to
| | | power | be paid
-----------------+---------+-------+--------------+-----------
Cape Santa Maria | flash | 1st | 18 miles | 2 cts.
Polonio | steady | 3d | 15 & 16 " | 1-3/4 "
Jose Ignacio | " | 3d | 15 " | 1 "
Punta Brava | " | 4th | 8 " | 1 "
Farallon | " | 3d | 15 " | 1 "
Panela | " | 4th | 9 " | 1 "
Colonia | turni'g | 3d | 12 " | 1 "
Cerro | " | 1st | 25 " | 1 "
Isle of Flores | " | 2d | 15 " | 1 "
Banco Ingles | steady | 3d | 9 " | 1 "
Punta del Este | flash | 2d | 16 & 18 " | 1 "
=================+=========+=======+==============+==========
Lazaretto.
The Republic possesses one Lazaretto, established in the Isle of
Flores, at a distance of 17 miles southeast from Montevideo.
It is quite comfortable and provided with everything that may be
required for disinfecting and fumigating luggage and correspondence.