Part of the Louisiana purchase; merged into Missouri Territory, 1812; into
Michigan, 1834; into Wisconsin, 1836. First white settlement at Dubuque,
1788. Admitted as a State, 1846.
Area, 56,025 square miles, about that of Illinois; extent north and south,
208 miles; east and west, about 300 miles. Principal rivers within State:
Des Moines, Iowa and Little Sioux. Number counties, 99. Temperature at
Davenport: winter, 21deg to 37deg; summer, 70deg to 76deg. Rainfall at
Mascutine, 43 inches.
Des Moines, metropolis and capital: pop., 32,469. Pop. of Dubuque, 26,330;
of Davenport, 23,830; of Burlington, 23,459; of Council Bluffs, 21,557.
Keokuk, Burlington and Dubuque are United States ports of delivery.
Number farms, 185,351; average value per acre, cleared land, $27.36;
woodland, $39.36. Corn crop, 1884, 252,600,000 bu.; wheat, 31,270,000 bu.;
oats, 78,650,000 bu.; potatoes, 1883, 13,216,868 bu.; barley, 4,638,348
bu.; sorgham syrup, 2,640,000 gals.
Dairy interest growing in importance, creamery and factory products
bringing high prices. There were 60,940,553 lbs. of butter and 3,378,924
lbs. cheese made in 1880.
Salaries of State Officers.
Governor $3,000
Lieut. Gov. 1,100
Sec'y of State 2,200
Treasurer 2,200
Auditor 2,200
Attorney Gen. $1,500 and $5 a day
Supt. Pub. Inst. 2,200
3 R. R. Comm'rs 3,000
Librarian 1,500
Chief Justice 4,000
4 Asso. Justices 4,000
Senators, Representatives $550 per year
2 Dist. Judges 3,500
Pension Agent 4,000
4 Colls. Int. Rev. 2,500 to 4,500
[Illustration]
Presidential P. O.
Burlington $3,000
Cedar Rapids 2,900
Clinton 2,400
Council Bluffs 2,800
Creston 2,300
Davenport 2,900
Des Moines 3,300
Dubuque 3,000
Iowa City 2,400
Keokuk 2,600
Le Mars 2,100
Marshalltown 2,500
Muscatine 2,400
Oakalsosa 2,400
Ottumwa 2,500
Sioux City 2,700
Waterloo 2,400
63 Offices, 2,000 to 1,500
52 Offices, 1,400 to 1,000
Manufacturing establishments are numerous, including canning factories,
stove and other foundries, engine-building, paper and woolen mills, lumber
and saw mills, etc.
Ranks first in hogs; second in milch cows, oxen and other cattle, corn, hay
and oats; third in horses; fifth in barley and miles of railway: sixth in
potatoes and rye; seventh in wheat and coal.
Pop., 1,753,980: male, 911,759; female, 842,221: native, 1,443,576;
foreign, 310,404: white, 1,753,980; colored, 9,310; Chinese, 33; Indians,
466
State elections annual, Tuesday after second Monday In October, excepting
years of presidential elections, when State congressional and presidential
elections occur together; number Senators, 50; Representatives, 100;
sessions of legislature biennial, in even-numbered years, meeting second
Monday in January; limit of session, none; term of Senators, 4 yrs.; of
Representatives, 2 yrs.
Number electoral votes, 13; number voters, 416,658. Idiots, insane and
criminals excluded from voting.
Number colleges, 19: school pop., 604,739; school age, 5-21.
Legal interest rate, 6; by contract, 10; usury forfeits 10 per cent. per
year on amount. State has adopted prohibition. {141}
[Illustration]
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{142}
MINNESOTA. Min'ne-s[=o]ta.
"GOPHER STATE."
Named from the river; term of Indian origin, signifying "whitish or
sky-colored water."
Explored by Hennepin and La Salle, 1680; Fort Snelling built 1819;
organized as a Territory, 1849; admitted 1858.
Area, 83,365 square miles, extreme length, 380 miles; breadth near north
line, 337 miles; near middle, 183 miles; and on the south line, 262 miles.
Number counties, 80.
Temperature at St. Paul: winter, 11deg to 30deg; summer, 67deg to 74deg.
Rainfall at Fort Snelling, 25 inches.
Pembina, port of entry on Red river. St. Paul, port of delivery and
capital; population, 148,074. Minneapolis, metropolis and great commercial
centre for lumber, wheat and flour; population, 147,810. Land offices at
Taylor's Falls, Fergus Falls, Worthington, Redwood Falls, Benson and
Duluth.
Number farms, 140,000; value per acre, cleared land, $20; woodland, $15.
Total acreage of the State, 53,353,600; in farms, 16,000,000; in forests,
1,800,000.
Salaries of State Officers.
Governor $3,800
Lieut. Gov. 600
Sec'y of State 1,800
Treasurer 3,500
Auditor 3,000
Attorney Gen. 2,500
Supt. Pub. Ins. 2,500
Adjutant Gen. 1,500
Pub. Examiner 3,000
Ins. Comm'r 2,000
Com. Statistics 2,000
R. R. Commis'nr 3,000
State Librarian 2,000
Chief Justice 4,500
Senators, } $5 a day
Representatives } and 15c. mileage.
Dist. Judge 3,500
[Illustration]
Presidential P. O.
Brainerd $2,000
Crookston 1,800
Duluth 2,500
Faribault 2,100
Fergus Falls 2,000
Mankato 2,200
Minneapolis 3,500
Morehead 1,800
Northfield 1,800
Red Wing 2,300
Rochester 2,200
Saint Cloud 1,900
Saint Paul 3,500
Stillwater 2,400
Winona 2,500
9 P.O. 1,700 to 1,500
14 " 1,400 to 1,200
10 " 1,100
4 " 1,000
Wheat the staple, and milling the great industry, giving employment to
nearly 4,000 people. Capital invested in flour and grist mills,
$21,000,000; value of products, $45,000,000. Corn crop, 1884, 28,630,000
bu., valued at $7,797,900; wheat, 50,117,481 bu., valued at $25,000,000;
oats, 36,100,000 bu., valued at $7,220,000. Average value of corn, 1884, 33
cents; of wheat, 50 cents; of oats, 20 cents.
Ranks fourth in wheat and barley, sixth in hay, eighth in oats.
Dairy interest increasing in value; production of butter and cheese
becoming one of great industries; latest reports give 19,223,835 lbs.
butter; cheese, 975,329 lbs.
Population, 1,118,486: male, 605,551; female, 512,935: native, 733,320;
foreign, 381,340: white, 1,115,358; colored, 1,814; Chinese, 99: Indians,
1,215.
State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday
in November; number Senators, 47; Representatives, 103; sessions of
legislature biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting Tuesday after first
Monday in January; limit of session, 60 days; term of Senators, 4 years; of
Representatives, 2 years.
Number electoral votes, 7; number voters, 306,435; idiots, insane and
convicts excluded from voting.
Number colleges, 5; school population, 400,000; school age, 5-21.
Legal interest rate, 7; by contract, 10; usury forfeits excess over 10 per
cent. {143}
[Illustration]
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{144}
DAKOTA. Da-k[=o]'ta.
So called from a tribe of Indians of the same name.
First permanent white settlements made by Lord Selkirk at Pembina, 1812;
organized as a Territory, 1861; first legislature at Yankton, March, 1862.
Area, 149,100 square miles; average length, 450 miles; breadth, 350 miles;
ranks in size next to Texas and California. General elevation, 1,000 to
2,500 feet; Red river frontage, about 250 miles; the Missouri navigable
throughout the Territory. Number counties, 136.
Temperature at Bismarck: winter, 4deg to 27deg; summer, 63deg to 71deg.
Climate dry, and cold not so penetrating as in moister regions further
east. Rainfall at Fort Randall, 17 inches; 73 per cent. of year's rain
falls in spring and summer.
Fargo, the metropolis of Northern Dakota, an enterprising city, does a
large business; has gas, electric lights, and street railway. Bismarck,
capital, rapidly developing into an important business centre. Yankton,
chief town of the south. Land offices at Fargo, Bismarck, Huron, Deadwood,
Yankton, Mitchell, Aberdeen, Watertown and Grand Forks. Railway mileage,
1870, 65; 1884, 2,494. The Northern Pacific has a mileage of 375, crossing
the northern central portion from Fargo through Bismarck in an almost
direct westerly line through the Territory.
Salaries of State Officers.
Governor $2,600
Secr'y of Terri'y 1,800
Treasurer 2,000
Auditor 1,000
Supt. Pub. Inst. 1,500
Chief Justice 3,000
5 Asso. Justices 3,000
Senators, } $4 a day;
Representatives } mileage, 20c.
10 Indian Agents 1,000 to 2,200
Surveyor Gen. 2,500
Chief Clerk. 1,800
Chf. Draftsman 1,500
Assistant " 1,200
Col. Int. Rev. 2,750
4 Dep. Colls. 1,600
[Illustration]
Presidential P. O.
Aberdeen $1,900
Bismarck 2,200
Deadwood 1,800
Fargo 2,700
Grafton 1,600
Grand Forks 2,300
Huron 2,300
Jamestown 2,000
Mitchell 1,700
Pierre 1,800
Sioux Falls 2,200
Wahpeton 1,600
Watertown 1,700
Yankton 1,900
5 Post Offices 1,500
5 " " 1,400
3 " " 1,300
16 " " 1,200 to 1,000
Finest wheat-growing country on the continent; corn crop, 1884, 13,950,000
bu.; oats, 11,812,000; wheat, 22,330,000 bu.; 2,800,000 bu. reported as
freighted over Northern Pacific in four months of 1883, 76 per cent. being
of best grade. Oats yield 50 to 75 bu. per acre; potatoes yield well and
are of great size. Nutritious grasses at all seasons and abundant water
offer remarkable advantages for stock raising; wool growing an important
industry; climate especially favorable for sheep. Ranks fourth in gold, and
ninth in silver; latest reported gold product, $4,123,081; mineral wealth
centred in Black Hills; coal found in workable quantities west of the
Missouri.
Population, 135,177 in 1880, with sufficient increase since then to entitle
her to admission as a State: male, 82,296; female, 52,881; native, 83,382;
foreign, 51,795; white, 133,147; colored, 401; Chinese, 238; Indians,
1,391.
Territorial, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first
Monday in November; number Senators, 12; Representatives, 24; sessions
biennial, in odd-numbered years, meeting 2d Tuesday in January; limit
session, 60 days; terms of Senators and Representatives, 2 years each.
Number voters, census 1880, 51,003.