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MARYLAND. M[=a]'re-land.
One of the thirteen original States; named in honor of Maria, wife of
Charles II., King of England; first permanent settlement made by English
Roman Catholics at St. Mary's, 1634.
Area, 12,210 square miles; greatest length, east and west, 196 miles;
seacoast, 83 miles, or, including the tidewater region of Chesapeake Bay,
411 miles, and, with shores of islands, 509 miles. Number counties, 23.
Temperature at Baltimore: winter, 33deg to 41deg; summer, 73deg to 79deg;
rainfall, 41 inches.
Baltimore, the metropolis; laid out 1730; port of entry and commercial
centre; has regular lines European steamers; pop., 332,313. Annapolis,
capital; contains United States Naval Academy; pop. 5,744. Cumberland,
depot of western mining region; pop., 10,693.
Number farms, 1860, 25,494; 1880, 40,517. Average value per acre cleared
land, $24.65; woodland, $35.50.
Value principal orchard products,--peaches, pears, plums and
apples,--nearly $2,000,000; canned and preserved fruits and vegetables,
over $2,000,000; oyster fisheries, nearly $5,000,000.
Wheat crop, 1884, 8,260,000 bu.; corn, 15,237,000 bu.; oats, 1,980,000 bu.;
buckwheat, 1883, 117,800 bu.; tobacco, 31,570,793 lbs.
Salaries of State Officers.
Governor $4,500
Sec'y of State 2,000
Treasurer 2,500
Comptroller 2,500
Attorney Gen. 3,000
Chief Justice 3,500
7 Asso. Justices 3,500
District Judge 4,000
Senators, } $5 pr. day
Repres'ntatives } and mileage.
2 Colls. Int. Revenue 2,625 to 4,500
Col. of Customs 7,000
2 Colls. 250 and 1,200 fees.
Auditor 2,500
Naval Officer 5,000
Surveyor 4,500
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Presidential P. O.
Annapolis $2,400
Baltimore 5,000
Bel Air 1,200
Cambridge 1,400
Centreville 1,300
Chestertown 1,300
Cumberland 2,300
Easton 1,700
Elkton 1,500
Ellicott City 1,300
Emmittsburgh 1,300
Frederick 2,200
Frostburgh 1,300
Hagerstown 2,300
Havre de Grace 1,300
Port Deposit 1,100
Salisbury 1,400
Towson 1,100
Westminster 1,500
Number manufacturing establishments, 6,787; capital invested $58,742,384;
hands employed, 74,945; bales cotton used, 46,947; pig iron produced,
61,437 tons; flour and grist mills, 546; tons coal mined, 2,227,844.
Ranks fourth in coal, seventh in tobacco, eighth in copper, ninth in iron
ore. Copper is found in Frederick and Carroll counties; iron ore, in
Alleghany, Anne Arundel, Carroll, Baltimore, Frederick and Prince George's
counties.
Population, 934,943: male, 462,187; female, 472,756; native, 852,137;
foreign, 82,806 white, 724,693; colored, 210,230; Chinese, 5; Indians, 15.
Slaves, 1860, 87,189.
State, congressional and presidential elections, Tuesday after first Monday
in November; number Senators, 26; Representatives, 91; sessions biennial,
in even-numbered years; meeting of legislature, first Wednesday in January;
limit of session, 90 days; term of Senators, 4 years; of Representatives, 2
years.
Number electoral votes, 8; number voters, 232,106; native white, 144,586;
foreign white, 38,936; colored, 48,584. Insane, convicts and bribers
excluded from voting.
Number colleges, 11; school population, 319,201; school age, 5-20.