The third country in size in Europe. A confederate empire, composed of 25
States, and the Reichsland of Alsace-Lorraine. Capital, Berlin.
Climate uniform. Mean temperature of whole country, 48deg; of the valley of
the Rhine, 52deg. Rainfall at Berlin, 24 inches.
About 63 per cent. of population is Protestant, and 36 per cent. Roman
Catholic. Number of churches, 37,720. Education is general and compulsory.
Number of elementary schools, 57,000; normal, 332; high, 1,100; technical
high schools, 9; industrial and trade, 994. Universities, 21, with 25,964
students, of whom 89 per cent. are German, and 1 per cent. American. Number
of public libraries, 594; number of daily papers, 560. The book fair at
Leipzig annually disposes of 8,000 tons of books, valued at $8,000,000.
Every German is liable to service in the army, and no substitution is
allowed. All Germans capable of bearing arms have to be in the standing
army seven years,--three years in active service, and four in army of
reserve; after which they form part of the Landwehr another five years.
Army on peace footing numbers 427,274 soldiers, and 18,118 officers. Total
war strength of trained soldiers would be 2,650,000; available force of all
classes, 5,670,000.
Of the area, 94 per cent. is classed as productive. Leading products, 1882:
corn, 16,435,620 tons; potatoes, 17,769,300 tons; beets, 874,654 tons; hay,
17,486,000 tons; 11,500 tons of hops, and over 35,000,000 gallons of wine.
Value of farm animals, $1,486,000,000. The mineral products of 1883 were
valued at over $116,000,000. Value of imports, 1883, $822,724,000; exports,
$833,750. There are 23,940 breweries, producing annually 880,000,000
gallons of beer. The annual butter product is 160,000 tons.
Number of miles of railway, 1884, 22,617, of which 19,230 miles belong to
the government. Length of telegraph lines, 47,637 miles; wires, 170,960
miles. Number of telegraph stations, 11,216. Number of postoffices, 13,637.
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| | | |
STATES. | Area, | Pop. | Capitals. | Pop.
|Sq. Ml.| | |
-----------------------------+-------+----------+--------------+---------
| | | |
Prussia |137,066|27,279,111| Berlin |1,122,360
Bavaria | 29,292| 5,284,778| Munich | 230,023
Wurtemberg | 7,675| 1,971,118| Stuttgart | 117,303
Saxony | 6,777| 2,972,805| Dresden | 808,512
Baden | 5,851| 1,570,254| Carlsruhe | 49,998
Mecklenburg-Schwerin | 4,834| 577,055| Schwerin | 30,146
Hesse | 2,866| 936,340| Darmstadt | 48,153
Oldenburg | 2,417| 337,478| Oldenburg | 20,575
Brunswick | 1,526| 349,367| Brunswick | 75,038
Saxe-Weimar | 1,421| 309,577| Weimar | 19,994
Mecklenburg-Strelitz | 997| 100,269| New Strelitz | 9,407
Saxe-Meiningen | 933| 207,075| Meiningen | 11,227
Anhalt | 869| 232,592| Dessau | 23,266
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha | 816| 194,716| {Coburg | 15,791
| | | {Gotha | 26,525
Saxe-Altenburg | 509| 155,036| Altenburg | 26,241
Waldeck | 466| 56,522| Arolsen | 2,477
Lippe | 445| 120,246| Detmold | 8,053
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt | 340| 80,296| Rudolstadt | 8,747
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen | 318| 71,107| Sondershansen| 6,110
Reuss-Schleiz | 297| 101,330| Gera | 27,118
Schaumburg-Lippe | 212| 35,374| Buckeburg | 5,088
Reuss-Greiz | 148| 50,782| Greiz | 15,061
Hamburg (State and Free City)| 148| 453,869| -- | ---
Lubeck (State and Free City) | 127| 63,571| -- | ---
Bremen (State and Free City) | 98| 156,723| -- | ---
Alsace-Lorraine | 5,580| 1,566,670| Strasburg | 104,471
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[Illustration]
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