[1] John Knox’s _Tour through the Highlands_, pp. 77, 132.
[2] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 314.
[3] Croker’s _Correspondence_, ii. 33; Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 409.
[4] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 36.
[5] Johnson calls this mountain “Ratiken;” Boswell, “the Rattakin.”
It is known as Mam-Rattachan. _Mam_ signifies _a mountain pass_ or
_chasm_. See Blackie’s _Etymological Geography_ (ed. 1875), p. 112.
[6] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 63.
[7] “The peats at Dunvegan, which were damp, Dr. Johnson called ‘a
sullen fuel.’ Here a Scottish phrase was singularly applied to him.
One of the company having remarked that he had gone out on a stormy
evening, and brought in a supply of peats from the stack, old Mr.
M’Sweyn said, ‘that was _main honest_.’”—Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 303.
[8] See Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 214, for Boswell’s account.
[9] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 258.
[10] My informant placed the scene of this story at the house of a
Captain or Colonel Campbell in Mull. There was a Mr. Campbell, one of
the Duke of Argyle’s tacksmen, or chief tenants, in that island, who
furnished Boswell and Johnson with horses; but it is not mentioned that
they went to his house—they certainly did not pass a night there. See
Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 332, 340.
[11] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 142.
[12] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 341.
[13] See _Les Confessions_, bk. iii.
[14] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 256.
[15] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 138.
[16] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 337.
[17] See _Letters of David Hume to William Strahan_, pp. 56, 114, 132.
[18] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 20.
[19] _Scots Magazine_, 1773, p. 133.
[20] _Ib._ 1784, p. 685.
[21] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 406.
[22] _Ib._ ii. 305-6.
[23] Croker’s _Correspondence_, ii. 34.
[24] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 306.
[25] _Ib._ ii. 303-5.
[26] _Letters from Edinburgh_, 1774-5, London, 1776, published without
a name, but written by Captain Edward Topham, pp. 137-140. Arnot,
in his _History of Edinburgh_, p. 361, after ridiculing Topham’s
statement, that golf is played on the top of Arthur’s Seat, continues:
“These letters are written with spirit and impartiality. But the
facts and criticisms contained in them are for the most part equally
ill-founded. Yet so candid is the author amidst his errors, that it is
hard to say whether he is more erroneous when he speaks in praise or
censure of the Scottish nation.” It is possible and perhaps probable
that he has exaggerated the ill-will against Johnson. The passage which
he puts in quotation marks is not in the _Journey_.
[27] Knox’s _Tour_, p. lxvii.
[28] Burton’s _Life of Hume_, ii. 31.
[29] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 396.
[30] Walpole’s _Journal of the Reign of George III._ (ed. 1859), ii.
17, 483.
[31] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 307.
[32] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 19.
[33] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 308.
[34] Macaulay’s _Miscellaneous Writings_, ed. 1871, p. 390.
[35] _Remarks on Dr. Johnson’s Journey to the Hebrides_, pp. 263-7.
[36] _Remarks on Dr. Johnson’s Journey to the Hebrides_, p. 270.
[37] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 8.
[38] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 71.
[39] _M’Nicol_, p. 287.
[40] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 114.
[41] _M’Nicol_, p. 273.
[42] See _ante_, p. 5.
[43] _M’Nicol_, p. 266.
[44] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iv. 183.
[45] _Ib._ ii. 435, _n._ 1, and Forbes’s _Life of Beattie_, p. 218.
[46] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 306.
[47] _Ib._ ii. 301.
[48] _Ib._ v. 20.
[49] _Ib._ ii. 307.
[50] _Ib._ ii. 296.
[51] _Works_, ix. 158.
[52] _Ib._ p. 154.
[53] _Ib._ p. 116.
[54] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 128.
[55] _Ib._ v. 248.
[56] _Works_, ix. 24. Hottentot—“a respectable Hottentot”—was the
term which for more than a hundred years was supposed to have been
applied to Johnson by Lord Chesterfield. I have proved, however, that
it was not Johnson, but the first Lord Lyttelton who was meant. See my
_Dr. Johnson: His Friends and his Critics_, p. 214, and my edition of
Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 267.
[57] Forbes’s _Life of Beattie_, p. 217.
[58] _Works_, ix. 76.
[59] _Ib._ p. 86.
[60] _Works_, ix. 86.
[61] _Ib._
[62] _Ib._ p. 112.
[63] _Ib._ p. 47.
[64] _Ib._ p. 115.
[65] _Ib._ p. 3. Johnson, it should be remarked, does not write “the
ruffians of the Reformation.” He uses the word as South does, when
he speaks of “those times which had reformed so many churches to the
ground” (South’s _Sermons_, ed. 1823, i. 173). No man upheld the
Reformed Church of England more strongly than South.
[66] _Works_, ix. 6.
[67] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 61.
[68] _Works_, ix. 61.
[69] _Ib._ p. 4.
[70] _Ib._ p. 7.
[71] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 306.
[72] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 74. He repeats this statement five years
later (_Ib._ p. 207).
[73] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 290.
[74] _Works_, ix. 161.
[75] _Ib._ p. 159.
[76] _Ib._ p. 1.
[77] _Ib._ p. 3.
[78] _Works_, p. 11.
[79] _Works_, p. 14.
[80] _Ib._ p. 10.
[81] _Ib._ pp. 30, 159.
[82] _Ib._ p. 102.
[83] _Ib._ p. 54.
[84] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 288.
[85] _Works_, ix. 118.
[86] _Ib._ p. 25.
[87] _Ib._ p. 32.
[88] _Ib._ pp. 50, 97.
[89] _Ib._ p. 62.
[90] _Ib._ p. 67.
[91] _Works_, p. 63.
[92] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 318.
[93] _Ib._ iii. 236.
[94] _Works_, ix. 19, 51.
[95] _Ib._ p. 52.
[96] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 146.
[97] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 137.
[98] _Ib._ pp. 127, 165.
[99] _Ib._ p. 182.
[100] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 262.
[101] _Ib._ v. 283.
[102] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 167.
[103] _Works_, ix. 117.
[104] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 283, _n._ 1.
[105] Francis’s Horace, _Odes_, IV. ix. 26.
[106] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 14.
[107] From the original, in the possession of Mr. W. R. Smith, of
Greatham Moor, West Liss.
[108] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 344.
[109] _Ib._ 392.
[110] “Through various hazards and events we move.” Dryden, _Æneid_, i.
204.
[111] “Long labours both by sea and land he bore.” _Ib._ i. 3.
[112] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 268.
[113] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 450.
[114] _Ib._
[115] He was sixty-four.
[116] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 278.
[117] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 158.
[118] _Ib._ i. 120.
[119] _Ib._ i. 188.
[120] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 324.
[121] _Ib._ iv. 199.
[122] _Ib._ v. 377.
[123] _Tour in Scotland_ (ed. 1776), ii. 59. The Bruar is near
Blair-Athole.
[124] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 84.
[125] Troil’s _Letters on Iceland_ (3rd ed.), p. 288. There is a notice
of the discovery in the _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1772, p. 540, and in
the _Annual Register_ for the same year, i. 139.
[126] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 348.
[127] Topham’s _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 233.
[128] He was stationed there with his regiment. Wright’s _Life of
General Wolfe_, p. 271.
[129] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 141.
[130] _Ib._ iii. 303.
[131] Gray’s _Works_, iv. 57.
[132] _Ib._ ii. 78.
[133] _George Selwyn and his Contemporaries_, ii. 319.
[134] Camden’s _Description of Scotland_ (ed. 1695), p. 137.
[135] _Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland_, ii. 339.
[136] _Ib._ p. 13.
[137] James Ray’s _History of the Rebellion of 1747_ (ed. 1752), pp.
365, 383.
[138] Gray’s _Works_, iv. 150.
[139] Walpole’s _Letters_, v. 501.
[140] _An Excursion to the Lakes_, p. 157.
[141] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 336, 465.
[142] _Tour in Scotland_, i. 222.
[143] Beattie’s _Essays on Poetry and Music_, p. 169.
[144] _Voyage en Angleterre_, etc., ii. 201.
[145] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 154, and Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 231.
[146] Croker’s _Boswell_ (ed. 1835), iv. 327.
[147] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iii. 302.
[148] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 25.
[149] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 138.
[150] _Works_, ix. 78, 153.
[151] _Ib._ p. 153.
[152] _Ib._ p. 156.
[153] _Ib._ p. 150.
[154] _Ib._ p. 35.
[155] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 135.
[156] _Works_, ix. 73.
[157] _Ib._ p. 156.
[158] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 169.
[159] _Works_, ix. 25.
[160] _Ib._ p. 36.
[161] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, iii. 239.
[162] Goldsmith’s _Traveller_, l. 319.
[163] Wordsworth’s _Works_, ii. 284.
[164] _The Traveller_, l. 125.
[165] Wordsworth’s _Works_, iv. 99.
[166] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 99.
[167] Kames’ _Sketches of the History of Man_, i. 274.
[168] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 77. The superiority of the gardeners
was most likely due to the superiority of the education of the poorer
classes.
[169] _Ib._ ii. 78.
[170] W. Gilpin’s _Observations relative to Picturesque Beauty_ in the
year 1776, i. 117, 123, 141.
[171] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iii. 248.
[172] Forster’s _Life of Goldsmith_, i. 433.
[173] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1754, p. 119.
[174] Knox’s _Tour through the Highlands of Scotland_, p. 5.
[175] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 120.
[176] _Works_, ix. 17.
[177] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 120.
[178] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 230.
[179] Cockburn’s _Life of Lord Jeffrey_, i. 348.
[180] Gray’s _Works_, iv. 59.
[181] Pennant’s _Tour in Scotland_, ii. 21.
[182] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland_, iii.
15.
[183] _Scots Magazine_, 1772, p. 25.
[184] Croker’s _Boswell_ (8vo. ed.), p. 285.
[185] Croker’s _Correspondence_, ii. 34.
[186] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 319.
[187] Topham’s _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 366.
[188] Tytler’s _Life of Lord Kames_, i. 112.
[189] _Scotland and Scotsmen of the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 212, 227,
228, 231, 272, 277.
[190] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 121.
[191] _Wealth of Nations_, i. 309.
[192] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 116.
[193] Pennant’s _Tour in Scotland_, ii. 138.
[194] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 121.
[195] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 347.
[196] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 229.
[197] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 233.
[198] E. D. Dunbar’s _Social Life_, ii. 147.
[199] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland_, vol.
iii. p. 6.
[200] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 212.
[201] _Ib._
[202] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain_, vol. iii. p. vii.
[203] _The Present State of Scotland_, pp. 39, 42, 112, 114, 119.
[204] _A Journey through part of England and Scotland with the Army._
By a Volunteer. P. 53.
[205] _Scots Magazine_, 1772, p. 24.
[206] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 40.
[207] _Memoirs of the Reign of George III._, iv. 328.
[208] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 176. See my edition of _Letters of David
Hume to William Strahan_, pp. 56-64, for the violence of feeling
between the English and Scotch at this time.
[209] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 425.
[210] _Works_, ix. 158.
[211] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 248.
[212] _Works_, ix. 24.
[213] Smollett’s _History of England_, ii. 99.
[214] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 7.
[215] _Wealth of Nations_, i. 308.
[216] Hume’s _History of England_, vii. 438.
[217] _Past and Present_ (ed. 1858), p. 80.
[218] _Works_, ix. 23.
[219] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 83.
[220] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 13.
[221] _Ib._ p. 272.
[222] _Ib._ iv. 229.
[223] _Ib._ ii. 412.
[224] _Ib._ iii. 179.
[225] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 44.
[226] _Ib._ iii. 83.
[227] Kames’s _Sketches of the History of Man_, ii. 333.
[228] _Wealth of Nations_, i. 222.
[229] Wright’s _Life of Wolfe_, p. 276.
[230] Kames’s _Sketches of the History of Man_, i. 265.
[231] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 213.
[232] _Letters from Edinburgh_, pp. 279, 361.
[233] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1766, p. 209.
[234] _Wealth of Nations_, i. 100. See also Arnot’s _History of
Edinburgh_, p. 557, and Knox’s _Tour_, p. cxviii.
[235] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_ (ed. 1779), p. 353.
[236] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 294, _n._ 8.
[237] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 9.
[238] _Humphry Clinker_ (ed. 1792), iii. 5.
[239] _Scots Magazine_, 1772, p. 636, and 1773, p. 399.
[240] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 5.
[241] Dr. Alexander Carlyle’s _Autobiography_, p. 64.
[242] Kames’s _Sketches of the History of Man_ (ed. 1807), i. 507.
[243] _London Magazine_ for 1778, p. 198.
[244] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 64. George
Drummond of Blair, of whom this story is told, did not succeed to his
estate till 1739 (_ib._ p. 112), so that this rude mode of eating came
down nearly to the date of Johnson’s visit, even in the houses of
gentlemen. In the houses of “the substantial tenants” it continued till
much later (_ib._ p. 64).
[245] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 418.
[246] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 70, 71,
251.
[247] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 28.
[248] Knox’s _Tour_, p. 199.
[249] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 65.
[250] _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1771, p. 543.
[251] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 172. There are inns in the Hebrides where
the same deficiency is still found.
[252] Gray calls Geneva “neat,” and the repast which was set before him
at the “Grande Chartreuse” “extremely neat.” Gray’s _Works_, ed. 1858,
ii. 62, 63.
[253] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 221, and Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_,
p. 241.
[254] _Reekiana_, by Robert Chambers, p. 227: “The house was situated
at the head of Dickson’s Close, a few doors below Niddry Street.”
I have found all these names, except Stirling’s, in the recent
interesting reprint of the _Edinburgh Directory_ for 1773-4, published
by William Brown, Edinburgh, 1889.
[255] “Stenchel. An iron bar for a window.” Jamieson’s _Scottish
Dictionary_.
[256] _Tirlesing_ is not given by Jamieson.
[257] _The City Cleaned and Country Improven_, Edinburgh, 1760, p. 5.
[258] _The City Cleaned and Country Improven_, pp. 6, 8.
[259] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 227. _Gardy loo_ is a corruption of
_gardez l’eau_, a cry which, like so many other Scotch customs and
words, bears witness to the close connection which of old existed
between Scotland and France.
[260] Burt’s _Letters from a Gentleman, etc._, i. 21.
[261] Topham’s _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 152.
[262] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 221.
[263] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 54.
[264] Wright’s _Life of General Wolfe_, p. 137.
[265] Gray’s _Works_, iv. 52.
[266] _Ib._ p. 61.
[267] This arrangement is still not uncommon in country places.
[268] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 18.
[269] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 306.
[270] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 141.
[271] _Works_, ix. 18.
[272] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, i. 108.
[273] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 78. Sheridan, in his _Life of Swift_,
records an earlier abolition of vails in Ireland (Swift’s _Works_, ii.
108).
[274] Thicknesse’s _Observations on the Customs and Manners of the
French_, 1766, p. 106.
[275] Lord Hervey’s _Memoirs_, ii. 50.
[276] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 376.
[277] _Edinburgh Chronicle_ for 1760, p. 495.
[278] _Ib._ pp. 503, 518, 583, 623. The Scots Hunters were, I suppose,
the same as the Royal Hunters—a body of gentlemen volunteers who were
raised at the time of the Rebellion of 1745, and served under General
Oglethorpe.
[279] Walpole’s _Memoirs of the Reign of George III._, ii. 3, and
_Letters of the First Earl of Malmesbury_, i. 108-9.
[280] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 452.
[281] Wesley’s _Journal_, ii. 228, 285.
[282] _Present State of Polite Learning_, ch. xii.
[283] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 658.
[284] _Ib._ pp. 352-4.
[285] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 214.
[286] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 18.
[287] “The Pleasance consists of one mean street; through it lies the
principal road to London.”—Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 328.
[288] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 353.
[289] _Voyage en Angleterre, etc._, i. 200, 229, ii. 309.
[290] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 23.
[291] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 109.
[292] _Works_, ix. 18.
[293] Wesley’s _Journal_, ii. 228.
[294] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain; Account of Scotland_ (ed.
1727), iii. 29, 30, 33.
[295] J. Macky’s _Journey through Scotland_, p. 65.
[296] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 8.
[297] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 220.
[298] _Tour in Scotland_, i. 52.
[299] Carlyle’s _Reminiscences_, ii. 5.
[300] See _Marmion_, note in the Appendix on Canto V., Stanza 25.
[301] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 28.
[302] _Guy Mannering_, ii. 101.
[303] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 233. The young Englishman, perhaps,
in this account does not aim at the strictest accuracy. The large
prayer-books were, I suppose, psalm-books or Bibles.
[304] “_To go up streets_” is an Edinburgh phrase for “_to go up the
street_.”—_Scotticisms by Dr. Beattie_ (published anonymously), p. 82.
[305] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 223. I assume that “the
Prince’s colours” mentioned by Arnot was the flag described in
_Waverley_, ii. 139.
[306] _Letters from Edinburgh_, pp. 58-62.
[307] According to Arnot, for many years preceding 1763, the average
number of executions for the whole of Scotland was only three. There
were four succeeding years in which the punishment of death was not
once inflicted. By 1783, however, the English severity seems to have
crept in, for in that year, in Edinburgh alone, in one week there were
six criminals under sentence of death.—_History of Edinburgh_, p. 670.
[308] The guard consisted of seventy-five private men.—_Ib._ p. 506.
[309] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, pp. 502, 658, and _Letters from
Edinburgh_, pp. 355-60. By the year 1783, says Arnot, in his second
edition, p. 658, their number and their character had greatly sunk. See
also _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 240.
[310] _Scots Magazine_ for 1772, p. 636.
[311] John Erskine, quoted in Tytler’s _Life of Lord Kames_, vol. i.
app. x. p. 74, and in Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 299.
[312] Howard’s _State of the Prisons_, p. 17.
[313] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 300.
[314] Wesley’s _Journal_, vol. iv. p. 17.
[315] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 387.
[316] _Scots Magazine_ for 1769, p. 110; _The Speeches in the Douglas
Cause_ (most likely Boswell), p. 391; and Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 230.
[317] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, vol. i. p. 173.
[318] Ruskin’s _Lectures on Architecture and Painting_, p. 2.
[319] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iii. 360, v. 68.
[320] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 12.
[321] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 653.
[322] Cockburn’s _Memorials of his Time_, p. 183.
[323] _Scots Magazine_ for 1768, p. 115.
[324] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 314.
[325] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 654, and W. Creech’s _Letters
to Sir John Sinclair_, p. 9. Creech gives the number of cartloads at
eighteen hundred.
[326] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, and Francis Douglas’s _General
Description of the East Coast of Scotland_, 1782, p. 9.
[327] Burton’s _Life of Hume_, ii. 458.
[328] _Ib._ ii. 462.
[329] _Letters of David Hume to William Strahan_, p. 227.
[330] _Early Life of Samuel Rogers_, p. 92.
[331] Cockburn’s _Life of Jeffrey_, i. 157.
[332] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 265.
[333] Hume’s _Letters to Strahan_, p. 320.
[334] Mostyn Armstrong’s _Survey of the Post Roads, etc., in 1777_ (ed.
1783), p. 6; and Twiss’ _Life of Lord Eldon_, i. 39.
[335] It was three hours longer on the return journey from Edinburgh to
London.—Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 539.
[336] _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1746, p. 209.
[337] _Redgauntlet_ (ed. 1860), ii. 77.
[338] W. Creech’s _Letters to Sir John Sinclair_, p. 11.
[339] Paterson’s _British Itinerary_, ii. 602.
[340] Cockburn’s _Life of Jeffrey_, i. 157.
[341] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 57, _n._ 3. See also _ib._ pp. 58, 80.
Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 157, and Tytler’s _Life of Lord Kames_, i. 5.
[342] _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1766, p. 167.
[343] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 363, _n._ 3.
[344] In the speech which he made in 1824 on the opening of the New
Edinburgh Academy.—Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, vii. 271.
[345] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 437.
[346] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 437, ii. 272, and Hume’s _Letters to
Strahan_, p. 275.
[347] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iii. 257.
[348] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, i. 169.
[349] Johnson’s _Works_, viii. 464.
[350] _Scotland and Scotsmen, etc._, ii. 63.
[351] Forbes’ _Life of Beattie_, p. 243.
[352] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 55.
[353] Hume’s _Letters to Strahan_, p. 6.
[354] _Scotland and Scotsmen, etc._, i. 211, ii. 544; and Tytler’s
_Life of Lord Kames_, ii. 240.
[355] _Scotland and Scotsmen, etc._, i. 167-170, ii. 543.
[356] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 159. Lord Jeffrey was accused “of having
lost the broad Scotch at Oxford, and of having gained only the narrow
English.”—Cockburn’s _Life of Jeffrey_, i. 46.
[357] _Works_, ix. 159.
[358] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 109.
[359] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 159.
[360] Hume’s _Letters to Strahan_, p. 155.
[361] _Ib._ pp. xxx. 15.
[362] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iii. 98.
[363] _The Author’s Earnest Cry and Prayer._
[364] Walpole’s _Reign of George II._, iii. 280.
[365] Dr. Alexander Carlyle’s _Autobiography_, pp. 399, 419.
[366] Andrew Henderson’s _Consideration on the Scots Militia_ (ed.
1761), p. 26.
[367] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iii. 1.
[368] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 431. See also _Annual Register_ for
1776, i. 140.
[369] Dodsley’s _London and its Environs_, iii. 124, and Boswell’s
_Johnson_, iv. 330.
[370] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 598.
[371] _Ib._ p. 662.
[372] For a penny a cadie was obliged to carry a letter to the remotest
part of the town.
[373] Dr. Carlyle’s _Autobiography_, p. 275.
[374] _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1766, p. 168.
[375] Topham’s _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 66.
[376] Knox’s _Tour_, p. 9.
[377] _Letters of Boswell to Temple_, p. 203.
[378] This house for many years—not much less than seventy, I was
told—has been occupied as a tailor’s shop. By the kindness of the
heads of the firm, Messrs. Lauder and Hardie, I was shown over the
building. Though it has been a good deal altered for the purposes of
business it is still substantially the same solid stone house which
Hume in his prosperity built for the closing years of his life. The
rooms are lofty, being about fourteen feet high. The kitchen and the
cellars were evidently contrived for a man who intended to boast with
justice of his dinners and his wine. From the windows of every floor
there must have been an uninterrupted view of the shores of Fife,
across the Firth of Forth, and of the house in Kirkaldy, where Adam
Smith was living.
[379] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 441.
[380] _Ib._ iii. 381.
[381] _Eight days_ is, I suppose, one of Hume’s Gallicisms.
[382] _Letters of Hume to Strahan_, p. 116.
[383] Gibbon’s _Miscellaneous Works_, ii. 110.
[384] _Letters of Boswell to Temple_, p. 151.
[385] Dr. Carlyle’s _Autobiography_, p. 276.
[386] Hume’s _Letters to Strahan_, p. xl.
[387] If we can trust the description of one of Hume’s autograph
letters (No. 1105) in Messrs. Puttick and Simpson’s catalogue for July
30, 1886, Johnson was once Hume’s guest. The compilers of auction
catalogues, however, are not infallible as editors, and often make
strange mistakes.
[388] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 453.
[389] The charge for a chaise and pair was ninepence a mile; in some
districts more. There was a duty on each horse of one penny per mile.
The driver expected a shilling or eighteen pence for each stage of ten
or twelve miles, and always found good reasons for asking for more. The
tolls paid at the turnpikes amounted to a considerable sum in a long
journey. The duty was subsequently increased. See Mostyn Armstrong’s
_Actual Survey, etc._, p. 4, and Paterson’s _British Itinerary_, vol.
i. preface, p. vii.
[390] See the Table of Weather in the _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1774,
p. 290.
[391] Dr. Alexander Carlyle’s _Autobiography_, p. 137. The tree still
remains the solitary memorial of the fight.
[392] It was not till 1799 that by 39 Geo. III. c. 56, they were
declared free. Cockburn’s _Memorials_, p. 78, and Boswell’s _Johnson_,
iii. 202, _n._ 1.
[393] Dodsley’s _London and its Environs_, vi. 316. In March, 1747, one
Mr. Williams, master of the White Horse Inn, Piccadilly, was kicked out
of a feast of the Independent Electors of Westminster, because he was
discovered to be taking notes of some Jacobite toasts. _Gentleman’s
Magazine_ for 1747, p. 151.
[394] Chambers’s _Traditions of Edinburgh_, p. 190.
[395] _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1771, p. 544.
[396] _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1771, p. 543.
[397] J. and H.’s Storer’s _Descriptions of Edinburgh_. Dr. Chambers,
in his _Traditions of Edinburgh_, p. 187, says that “the date is
deficient in the decimal figure 16—3.”
[398] Croker’s _Boswell_, 8vo. ed. p. 270.
[399] Chambers’s _Traditions of Edinburgh_, p. 191. Perhaps this was
Jeremy Bentham’s father, who two years earlier had married for the
second time: what was his wife’s Christian name I have not been able to
ascertain. The son did not visit Edinburgh in 1768. Dr. Chambers gives
on p. 318 a list of the great people living in the Canongate about the
year 1769. According to it there were two dukes, sixteen earls, two
countesses, seven barons, seven lords of session, thirteen baronets,
and four commanders-in-chief. The _Edinburgh Directory_ for 1773-4
contains, however, the names of only about a dozen peers and peeresses.
[400] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, ix. 244.
[401] He died on January 28, 1836.
[402] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 224. Lodging-house keepers are entered in
the _Edinburgh Directory_ as _Room-Setters and Boarders_. Some were
both, others only _Room-Setters_.
[403] Johnson repeated these lines with great emotion at the excellent
inn at Chapel-House in Oxfordshire. Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 452.
[404] Since writing the above I have learnt with great pleasure that
this interesting but ruinous old building will not only be preserved,
but preserved to good uses. It has been purchased by Dr. A. H. F.
Barbour and his sister Mrs. Whyte, and by them presented to the
Edinburgh Social Union. It will be put into a state of thorough repair,
and let out to poor tenants on the plan followed by Miss Octavia Hill
in London. I am informed that the two sides of the Close had been
repaired by the Social Union before my visit, and that the pleasant
outside staircases and open galleries which caught my eye were its work.
[405] Chambers’s _Traditions of Edinburgh_, p. 68.
[406] Pringle seems to have kept on a house in Edinburgh though he was
for the most part living at this time in London. See Hume’s _Letters to
Strahan_, p. 117.
[407] The Scotch called each set of rooms on every floor a _house_,
and each block a _land_. Thus Hume had once lived in Jack’s Land, in
the Canongate. A _land_ of thirteen stories, such as was shown to
Johnson at the foot of the Post-house Stairs would contain twenty-six
houses—two on every floor.
[408] _Marmion._ Introduction to Canto iv.
[409] Mr. Alexander Grieve. I find a bookbinder of the same name living
in Bell’s Wynd in 1773. _Edinburgh Directory for 1773-4_, Appendix, p.
5.
[410] For my authorities for some of the statements in this note see my
_Letters of David Hume to William Strahan_, pp. 116-9.
[411] See _ante_, p. 52.
[412] _Heart of Mid-Lothian_, ed. 1860, i. 247.
[413] _Redgauntlet_, ed. 1860, i. 253.
[414] Cockburn’s _Memorials_, p. 106, and _Heart of Mid-Lothian_, ii.
117.
[415] Lockhart’s _Scott_, vii. 124.
[416] _Reminiscences_, by Thomas Carlyle, ii. 5.
[417] Cockburn’s _Memorials_, p. 69.
[418] _Court and City Register for 1769_, p. 142.
[419] From 1808 the judges began to sit in two separate chambers.
Cockburn’s _Memorials_, pp. 100, 244.
[420] Hume’s _Letters to Strahan_, p. xxvi.
[421] Mr. Gladstone restored it in 1885.
[422] Cockburn’s _Life of Lord Jeffrey_, i. 182.
[423] _Tour in Scotland_, i. 233.
[424] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 5.
[425] _The Tale of a Tub_, section xi.
[426] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland_, iii.
43, and Pennant’s _Tour in Scotland_, ii. 249.
[427] Chambers, quoted in Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 276.
[428] Lockhart’s _Scott_, iii. 269. The quotation no doubt was,
“Superfluous lags the veteran on the stage;” the line with which Scott
concluded the brief Appendix to _Castle Dangerous_.
[429] _Scots Magazine_, 1768, p. 113; 1789, pp. 521-5.
[430] J. Macky’s _Journey through Scotland_, p. 69.
[431] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 307.
[432] See p. 52 of this pamphlet. _Panado_ is defined by Johnson as _a
food made by boiling bread in water_.
[433] _Regulations for the Workhouse of Edinburgh_, 1750, p. 30.
[434] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 181.
[435] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 362.
[436] _An Address to Edinburgh._
[437] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 152.
[438] _Reminiscences_, i. 113.
[439] _Hume’s Letters to Strahan_, p. 115.
[440] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 249.
[441] Ray’s _History of the Rebellion of 1745-6_, p. 284.
[442] Dr. A. Carlyle’s _Autobiography_, p. 331.
[443] Lord Kames’s _Sketches_, iii. 483.
[444] _Hume’s Letters to Strahan_, p. 353, and Boswell’s _Johnson_, iv.
24, _n._ 2.
[445] _Reminiscences_, i. 102-4.
[446] Saint-Fond’s _Voyage, &c._, ii. 253.
[447] Burnet’s _History of His Own Time_, ed. 1818, ii. 82. Balfour of
Burley, the leader, is known to the readers of _Old Mortality_.
[448] Lockhart’s _Scott_, i. 72.
[449] Macky’s _Journey through Scotland_, p. 83.
[450] _Early Letters of Thomas Carlyle_, ed. 1886, i. 187.
[451] Macky’s _Journey through Scotland_, p. 87.
[452] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 77.
[453] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, i. 268. The
popular rector was Archibald Campbell, the victim of the Rev. Dr.
Innes’s literary fraud described in Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 360, and
the father of “Lexiphanes.” _Ib._ ii. 44.
[454] _St. Andrew’s As it was and as it is_, p. 161.
[455] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, i. 175.
[456] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 246.
[457] _Tour in Scotland_, ii. 189. The population he estimated at about
two thousand. _Ib._ p. 196.
[458] _Poems of G. M. Berkeley_, Preface, p. lxi.
[459] _Ib._ p. lxii.
[460] _Voyage en Angleterre, &c._, ii. 238.
[461] My informant is Dr. John Paterson, of Clifton Bank, St. Andrews,
to whose extensive knowledge as a local antiquary and most friendly
assistance I am indebted.
[462] Froude’s _History of England_, ed. 1870, vi. 233.
[463] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 397.
[464] Translated by Boswell:
“Let youth in deeds, in counsel man engage;
Prayer is the proper duty of old age.”
[465] Her descent from Knox is not fully established, though,
says Carlyle, “there is really good likelihood of the genealogy.”
_Reminiscences by Thomas Carlyle_, ii. 103.
[466] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, ix. 126.
[467] _Voyage en Angleterre, &c._, ii. 232.
[468] Macky’s _Journey through Scotland_, p. 93.
[469] Pennant’s _Tour in Scotland_, ii. 197.
[470] Stockdale’s _Memoirs_, i. 238.
[471] Boswell’s _Johnson_, vi. xxx.
[472] G. M. Berkeley’s _Poems_, p. cccxcvi.
[473] Topham’s _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 208.
[474] G. M. Berkeley’s _Poems_, p. cccxlix.
[475] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 77.
[476] _Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland_, iii. 154.
Defoe calls it St. Salvadore’s, and wonders “how it was made to speak
Portuguese.” Boswell gives it the same name, though he spells it
differently—St. Salvador’s. By 1807 I find it called in Grierson’s
_Delineations of St. Andrews_, as it is at present, St. Salvator’s.
[477] _St. Andrews as it was and as it is_, p. 157.
[478] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 77.
[479] Berkeley and his friend, the young Laird of Kincaldrum, raised “a
very noble subscription” for the poor lad.
[480] G. M. Berkeley’s _Poems_, p. cccxlviii.
[481] “On my observing to Dr. Johnson that some of the modern libraries
of the university were more commodious and pleasant for study (than
the library of Trinity College), as being more spacious and airy, he
replied, ‘Sir, if a man has a mind to _prance_, he must study at Christ
Church and All Souls.’” Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 67, _n._ 2.
[482] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, i. 269, 547.
The youngster was Jerome Stone, the author of a poem called _Albin and
the Daughter of Mey_, mentioned by Boswell in his _Life of Johnson_, v.
171.
[483] It was probably a sycamore, for, as was pointed out by a writer
in the _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1837, p. 343, what the Scotch call
sycamores we call planes.
[484] The other tree, according to Sir Walter Scott, was probably the
Prior Letham plane, measuring about twenty feet round. It stood in a
cold exposed situation apart from every other tree. Croker’s _Boswell_,
p. 286.
[485] G. M. Berkeley’s _Poems_, p. ccxii.
[486] This piece of information I owe to the kindness of Mr. J.
Maitland Anderson, the Librarian of the University.
[487] In G. M. Berkeley’s _Poems_, p. lvi, a story is told of some
people who were at St. Andrews for only one night, and who, rather than
miss the ruins, saw them “by the light of an old horn lantern.”
[488] Written in 1889.
[489] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iii. 405.
[490] Paterson’s _Itinerary_, ii. 567, 581.
[491] Or _Aberbrothock_, as it is called in Southey’s _Ballad of the
Inchcape Bell_. The name is now written _Arbroath_, in accordance with
the pronunciation.
[492] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 397.
[493] Defoe’s _Tour_, p. 179.
[494] James Ray’s _History of the Rebellion_, p. 288.
[495] _Scots Magazine_, 1772, p. 25.
[496] Pennant’s _Tour_, ii. 278.
[497] Chalmers’s _Life of Ruddiman_, p. 24.
[498] This information I owe to the kindness of my friend Mr. Arthur
Galton.
[499] _Ancient Metaphysics_, iv. 45.
[500] _Ib._ p. 48.
[501] _Ib._ p. 55.
[502] Hannah More’s _Memoirs_, i. 252.
[503] _Ancient Metaphysics_, vi. 212.
[504] _Origin of Language_, v. 274.
[505] _Scots Magazine_, 1799, pp. 729-731.
[506] _Ancient Metaphysics_, v. 307.
[507] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 288.
[508] This anecdote I had from Lord Monboddo’s great grandson, Captain
Burnett, of Monboddo House, to whose courtesy I am much indebted.
[509] “In Scotland judges on the circuit are obliged to stay five
nights at every town where they open their commission.” Howard’s _State
of Prisons_, ed. 1777, p. 103.
[510] _Scots Magazine_, Oct. 1773, 556.
[511] F. Douglas’s _General Description of the East Coast of Scotland_,
p. 91.
[512] F. Douglas’s _General Description, &c._, p. 89.
[513] G. M. Berkeley’s _Poems_, p. cclxxiv.
[514] Vol. ii. p. 99.
[515] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1766, p. 210.
[516] Cox’s _Recollections of Oxford_ (ed. 1868), p. 156.
[517] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 461.
[518] Pennant’s _Tour_, i. 121.
[519] _Early Letters of J. W. Carlyle_, p. 45.
[520] _A Journey through Part of England, &c._, p. 134.
[521] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 461. The lessons were _Numbers_ xxiii.,
xxiv., and _Matthew_ i. In these chapters _Balak_ and _begat_ come over
and over again.
[522] Chambers’s _History of the Rebellion of 1745_ (ed. 1827), ii. 339.
[523] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, i. 525-8.
[524] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 227.
[525] G. M. Berkeley’s _Poems_, p. dxxxviii.
[526] _Scots Magazine_ for 1788, pp. 250, 357.
[527] Dunbar’s _Social Life in Former Days_, i. 10.
[528] A Scotch merk was about thirteen pence of English money.
[529] Dunbar’s _Social Life in Former Days_, i. 7.
[530] Forbes’s _Life of Beattie_, p. 160.
[531] Northcote’s _Life of Reynolds_ (ed. 1819), i. 300.
[532] Johnson’s _Works_, viii. 479.
[533] In 1786 the post despatched from Aberdeen on Monday reached
London on Saturday. Travellers could reach Edinburgh in a day and a
half by the Aberdeen and Edinburgh Fly, which set out from the New Inn
at four o’clock in the morning, and arrived at Edinburgh next day to
dinner; fare, £2 2_s._ _Scottish Notes and Queries_, i. 31.
[534] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 387.
[535] Ray’s _History of the Rebellion_, p. 310.
[536] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, iv. 186.
[537] Bound up with them were some interesting and unpublished
autograph letters and documents connected with many generations of the
earls of Errol. It is greatly to be desired that the present earl, to
whose courtesy I am much indebted, would have them edited.
[538] Chambers’s _History of the Rebellion_, ed. 1869, p. 309.
[539] Forbes’s _Life of Beattie_, Appendix D. At the time of the
rebellion of 1745 the Errol title was held by a woman.
[540] Walpole’s _Letters_, iii. 438.
[541] Forbes’s _Life of Beattie_, Appendix D.
[542] Walpole’s _Letters_, ii. 38.
[543] _Bouilloire._ According to Dr. Murray the word is connected with
“the Swedish _buller_, a noise, roar. But,” he adds, “the influence of
_boil_ is manifest.” I remember when I visited the place in my youth I
heard it also called Lord Errol’s Punch-bowl. The tale was told that
a former earl had made a seizure in it of a smuggling ship laden with
spirits, and had had the kegs emptied into the water.
[544] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, iv. 188.
[545] Dun Buy means the Yellow Rock. It gets its name, it is said, from
the colour given to it by the dung of the sea-birds.
[546] James Ray’s _History of the Rebellion of 1745_, p. 311.
[547] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 182.
[548] This account I owe to the kindness of Mr. Lachlan Mackintosh, of
Old Lodge, Elgin, who has copied it from a manuscript in his possession
which was written at least as early as the year 1837. To him also I am
indebted for the sketch of the old piazzas.
[549] Dunbar’s _Social Life in Former Days_, i. 276.
[550] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland_, iii.
193.
[551] _The Elgin Courant and Courier_, Aug. 23, 1889.
[552] Walpole’s _Letters_, vii. 484. It was only one ship that was
lost, though in it the lead of two cathedrals was conveyed.
[553] Boswell’s _Johnson_, vi. xxxiii.
[554] The language of the Highlanders is generally called Erse by the
English writers of this period; sometimes Irish and Celtic. M’Nicol
objected to the term _Erse_. “The Caledonians,” he says, “always called
their native language Gaelic.” _Remarks on Johnson’s Journey_, p. 432.
Macpherson, in the title-page of _Ossian_, calls it Galic.
[555] Murray’s _Handbook for Scotland_, ed. 1867, p. 308.
[556] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 182.
[557] _Life of Lord Macaulay_, ed. 1877, i. 6.
[558] Boswell’s _Journal_, ed. by Carruthers, p. 96.
[559] Pennant’s _Tour in Scotland_, i. 155.
[560] _Hudibras_, iii. 1, 1477.
[561] Boswell’s _Hebrides_, ed. by R. Carruthers, p. 85.
[562] Wright’s _Life of Wolfe_, p. 178.
[563] _Scots Magazine_, 1775, p. 26.
[564] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 86.
[565] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, i. 24.
[566] Wright’s _Life of Wolfe_, 1864, pp. 84-5, 179.
[567] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1746, p. 263.
[568] _Ib._, p. 324.
[569] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1746, p. 429.
[570] Michael Hughes’s _Plain Narrative of the Rebellion_, p. 56.
[571] Henderson’s _History of the Rebellion_, p. 117.
[572] _Scots Magazine_, 1747, p. 649. According to Smollett the number
executed was eighty-one. _History of England_, ed. 1800, iii. 188.
[573] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1747, p. 246.
[574] _Marchmont Papers_, i. 196.
[575] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1753, p. 391.
[576] My informant is the late Rev. Alexander Matheson, minister of
Glenshiel.
[577] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1771, p. 544.
[578] Wright’s _Life of Wolfe_, pp. 182, 195.
[579] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 181.
[580] Defoe’s _Account of Scotland_, p. 196.
[581] Wright’s _Life of Wolfe_, p. 177.
[582] _Letters of Horace Walpole_, ii. 288.
[583] M. Hughes’s _Plain Narrative_, p. 51.
[584] E. Dunbar’s _Social Life in Former Days_, i. 133.
[585] _Ib._, p. 89.
[586] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, i. 164.
[587] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 88.
[588] Pennant’s _Tour in Scotland_, i. 196.
[589] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 275.
[590] Ray’s _History of the Rebellion_, p. 362.
[591] M. Hughes’s _Plain Narrative_, p. 53. _Alps_, I suppose, he uses
as Milton does for lofty mountains in general.
[592] In a _Survey of the Province of Moray_, published at Aberdeen
in 1798, on pp. 333-34, the following table is given of the distances
along the road which Johnson was following:—“From Inverness to
the General’s Hut, 17 miles 6 furlongs. From General’s Hut to Fort
Augustus, 14 miles 2 furlongs. From Fort Augustus to Unach [? Anoch], 9
miles. From Unach to Rattachan, 25 miles 5 furlongs. From Rattachan to
Bernera, 9 miles.”
[593] Croker’s _Boswell_, 8vo, ed. p. 307.
[594] Walpole’s _Letters_, v. 501.
[595] Ray’s _History of the Rebellion_, p. 325.
[596] _Ib._, p. 362.
[597] I adopt Boswell’s spelling. Johnson calls it Glenmollison. It is
now generally written Glenmoriston.
[598] Wright’s _Life of Wolfe_, p. 279.
[599] Henderson’s _History of the Rebellion_, p. 122.
[600] Smollett’s _History of England_, iii. 183.
[601] He means Mr. and Mrs. Thrale and their eldest daughter.
[602] Johnson is quoting Parnell’s _Hymn to Contentment_. Pope, in
_Donne’s Satires Versified_ (iv. 185), calls “solitude the nurse of
sense.”
[603] _Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland_, ii. 179.
[604] Johnson calls them _pails_. In his time pails were only made of
wood, if we can trust his definition of the word in his Dictionary.
[605] J. Knox’s _Tour through the Highlands in 1786_, p. 255.
[606] T. Garnett’s _Observations, &c._, ii. 12.
[607] W. Sacheverell’s _Account of the Isle of Man, &c._, p. 128.
[608] _Lay Sermon_, ed. 1870, p. 427.
[609] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 275.
[610] See _ante_, p. 2. Boswell calls the mountain _Rattakin_, Johnson
_Ratiken_. Its name I was told is properly written _Rattagan_.
[611] _Voyage to the Hebrides_, ed. 1774, p. 336.
[612] _Ib._, p. 345.
[613] _Tour through the Highlands in 1786_, pp. cxx, 103. I do not know
whether an earlier instance can be found of the expression “notorious
job” than the above.
[614] Boswell calls the place Broadfoot.
[615] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 47.
[616] The _philibeg_, or _fillibeg_, is defined as “the dress or
petticoat reaching nearly to the knees.”
[617] _An Act to Amend the Disarming Act of the 19 Geo. II., made in
the 21 Geo. II._ Edinburgh, 1748, p. 15.
[618] Henderson’s _History of the Rebellion_, p. 99.
[619] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 94.
[620] Wright’s _Life of Wolfe_, pp. 216-18.
[621] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 20.
[622] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1782, p. 307.
[623] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 316.
[624] Martin’s _Description of the Western Islands_, pp. 206-7.
[625] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 364.
[626] Gray’s _Works_, iv. 55.
[627] _Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland_, ii. 142.
[628] _Voyage to the Hebrides_, ed. 1774, p. 291.
[629] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 410, 415.
[630] Page 164.
[631] Johnson seems to use this word in much the same sense as Caliban
does when he speaks of Prospero’s “brave utensils” (_The Tempest_, act
iii. sc. 2). In his _Journey_, he says that in the Hebrides “they use
silver on all occasions where it is common in England, nor did I ever
find a spoon of horn but in one house.”
[632] This was Johnson’s estimate, based on the number of men who took
part in the Rebellion of 1745. The population in 1881 was 750.
[633] _Lectures on the Early History of Institutions_, ed. 1875, p. 101.
[634] E. Topham’s _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 264.
[635] I am much indebted to Mr. A. E. Stewart, of Raasay, for his
kindness in showing me whatever there was to see, and for his present
of the photograph of the old castle.
[636] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 826.
[637] _Letters from Edinburgh_, pp. 33, 37.
[638] “With virtue weighed what worthless trash is gold.”
[639] Knox’s _Tour through the Highlands_, p. 142.
[640] “In the year seventy-one they had a severe season remembered
by the name of the Black Spring, from which the island has not yet
recovered. The snow lay long upon the ground, a calamity hardly known
before.” Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 74.
[641] Croker’s _Boswell_, ed. 1835, iv. 322-9.
[642] _Croker Correspondence_, ii. 33.
[643] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 334.
[644] _Ante_, p. 3.
[645] Knox’s _Tour_, p. 152.
[646] _Scotland and Scotsmen of the Eighteenth Century_, i. 173.
[647] Knox’s _Tour_, p. 143.
[648] Swift’s _Voyage to Brobdingnag_, chap. vii.
[649] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 340.
[650] Lockhart’s _Scott_, iv. 302.
[651] Lockhart’s _Scott_, iv. 305.
[652] Pennant’s _Voyage to the Hebrides_, 1774, p. 295.
[653] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, iv. 304.
[654] See _ante_, p. 3.
[655] See _post_ in the chapter on Lochbuie for an account of the
hereditary jurisdictions.
[656] Martin’s _Western Islands_, p. 297.
[657]
“Your friends forgetting by your friends forgot.”
Francis’s _Horace_, _Epistles_, i. xi. 9.
[658] Buchanani _Opera Omnia_, ed. 1725, i. 40.
[659] Martin’s _Western Islands_, p. 170.
[660] Knox’s _Tour_, p. 139.
[661] For his services and for many other acts of kindness, I am
indebted to the Rev. Roderick Macleod of Macleod.
[662] M. Martin’s _Western Islands_, p. 150.
[663] Pennant’s _Voyage to the Hebrides_, ed. 1774, p. 289.
[664] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1782, p. 595.
[665] Knox’s _Tour_, p. 140.
[666] _Voyage to the Hebrides_, ed. 1774, p. 291.
[667] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1774, p. 394.
[668] Walpole’s _Letters_, v. 512.
[669] W. Sacheverell’s _Account of the Isle of Man_, ed. 1702, p. 126.
[670] Martin’s _Western Islands_, p. 253.
[671] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 57.
[672] _History of England_, ed. 1870, xii. 443.
[673] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, iv. 338.
[674] _Account of the Isle of Man_, p. 130.
[675] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 826.
[676] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 384.
[677] Pope. _Eloisa to Abelard_, l. 135.
[678] _Life of Sir James Mackintosh_, ii. 257.
[679] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 27.
[680] J. L. Buchanan, _Travels in the Western Highlands from 1782 to
1790_, p. 5.
[681] _History of Edinburgh_, p. 445.
[682] See Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 149. Pennant, however, gives the
number of inhabitants as only one hundred and fifty. Pennant’s _Tour_,
ed. 1774, p. 243.
[683] _An Account of the Isle of Man_, p. 136.
[684] Pennant’s _Tour_, ed. 1774, pp. 243, 246.
[685] T. Garnett’s _Observations, &c._, i. 244, 265.
[686] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, iii. 285; iv. 324.
[687] Dr. T. Garnett’s _Observations, &c._, i. 148.
[688] _Voyage en Angleterre, &c._, ii. 86.
[689] The name is now commonly written Lochbuie.
[690] See _ante_, p. 5.
[691] _An Essay upon Feudal Holdings, Superiorities, and Hereditary
Jurisdictions in Scotland_, London, 1747, p. 16.
[692] “Baro dicitur qui gladii potestatem habet, id est imperium merum;
apud nos furcæ et fossæ nomine significamus.”—Craig, _De Feudis_, i.
12, 16, quoted in Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 224.
[693] _An Essay upon Feudal Holdings, &c._, pp. 18, 28.
[694] Dunbar’s _Social Life, &c._, ii. 141.
[695] Pennant’s _Voyage to the Hebrides_, ed. 1774, p. 221.
[696] _Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland_, i. 54.
[697] Smollett’s _History of England_, ii. 79.
[698] _An Act for Abolishing the Heritable Jurisdictions_, 1747, p. 19.
[699] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iii. 202, _n._ 1.
[700] _Scotland and Scotsmen, &c._, ii. 94.
[701] _Old Mortality_, ed. 1860, ii. 14.
[702] _An Act for Abolishing, &c._, p. 17.
[703] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 292.
[704] _History of the Rebellion in Scotland_, ed. 1827, ii. 293.
[705] _Scots Magazine_, 1759, p. 441.
[706] Smollett’s _History of England_, iii. 206.
[707] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 91.
[708] _Marchmont Papers_, i. 234, 248.
[709] _Scots Magazine_, 1747, p. 587, and 1748, p. 136.
[710] Macgibbon and Ross’s _Architecture of Scotland_, iii. 127.
[711] _Scotland and Scotsmen, &c._, ii. 430.
[712] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 14.
[713] T. Garnett’s _Observations, &c._, i. 145.
[714] Knox’s _Tour_, p. 44.
[715] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 52.
[716] _Voyage en Angleterre, &c._, i. 369-373.
[717] _Tour in Scotland_, ed. 1774, i. 218.
[718] Walpole’s _Letters_, ix. 358.
[719] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 353, _n._ 1.
[720] Horace Walpole’s _Letters_, ii. 281, 285.
[721] _Ib._ p. 293.
[722] “I went to renew my lease, but my Lord’s _Chamberlain_ was not
at home.—Steward. The person who receives the rents and revenues of
some corporations is still called chamberlain; as the chamberlain of
London.”—Beattie’s _Scotticisms_, p. 24.
[723] _Voyage en Angleterre, &c._, i. 290.
[724] He gives the following curious account of an accommodation
which we should scarcely have expected to find in the dining-room
of Inverary: “Si, pendant les libations, le champagne mousseux fait
ressentir son influence appéritive, le cas est prévu, et sans quitter
la compagnie, on trouve dans de jolies encoignures, placés dans les
angles de la salle, tout ce qui est nécessaire pour satisfaire à ce
petit besoin.” _Voyage en Angleterre, &c._, i. 294.
[725] _Life of Lord Macaulay_, ed. 1877, i. 7.
[726] Commissioners for Highland Roads and Bridges.
[727] Wright’s _Life of General Wolfe_, p. 269.
[728] _Voyage en Angleterre, &c._, i. 268.
[729] Cockburn’s _Life of Jeffrey_, ed. 1852, ii. 180.
[730] Rossdhu.
[731] J. Irving’s _Book of Dumbartonshire_, ii. 242. See _ib._ p.
257, where it is stated that it was in 1774 (the year after Johnson’s
visit), that “a removal was made from the old castle to the centre
portion.”
[732] Johnson spells the name as it was pronounced _Cohune_.
[733] Inch Galbraith.
[734] Irving’s _Book of Dumbartonshire_, i. 347.
[735] I have intentionally altered the names.
[736] Topham’s _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 299, and Arnot’s _History
of Edinburgh_, p. 491.
[737] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 17, 39.
[738] Irving’s _Book of Dumbartonshire_, ii. 200.
[739] Pennant’s _Tour in Scotland_, ed. 1774, i. 228.
[740] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1771, p. 545.
[741] Knox’s _Tour_, pp. cli-iii.
[742] _Wealth of Nations_, ed. 1811, iii. 335.
[743] Tytler’s _Life of Lord Kames_, ii. 230.
[744] Burton’s _Life of Hume_, i. 351.
[745] Camden’s _Description of Scotland_, 2nd ed. p. 81.
[746] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain: Scotland_, p. 83.
[747] J. Macky’s _Journey through Scotland_, ed. 1723, p. 295.
[748] Wesley’s _Journal_, ii. 410.
[749] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 14, 33.
[750] _Voyage to the Hebrides_, ed. 1774, p. 127.
[751] _Scots Magazine_, 1749, p. 202.
[752] _Scots Magazine_, 1749, p. 253.
[753] Mr. Frederic Hill, late Assistant-Secretary to the Post Office.
[754] Dr. A. Carlyle’s _Autobiography_, pp. 71, 74.
[755] Wesley’s _Journal_, ii. 286.
[756] Pennant’s _Voyage to the Hebrides_, ed. 1774, p. 136.
[757] Dr. A. Carlyle’s _Autobiography_, p. 69, and Johnson’s _Boswell_,
v. 68.
[758] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 27.
[759] Dr. A. Carlyle’s _Autobiography_, pp. 68, 83.
[760] Boswell’s _Letters to Temple_, p. 98.
[761] To prate.
[762] Shirt-collars.
[763] Macgibbon and Ross’s _Castellated and Domestic Architecture of
Scotland_, i. 167, 171.
[764] _Description of Scotland_, 2nd ed. p. 68.
[765] R. Chambers’s _Traditions of Edinburgh_, ed. 1869, p. 217.
[766] R. Chambers’s _Traditions of Edinburgh_, ed. 1869, p. 217.
[767] Macgibbon and Ross’s _Castellated Architecture of Scotland_, ii.
174.
[768] _Letters of Boswell to Temple_, p. 255.
[769] _Ib._, p. 215.
[770] _Correspondence of Boswell and Erskine_, ed. 1879, p. 26.
[771] _Scotland and Scotsmen of the Eighteenth Century_, i. 161.
[772] _Scotland and Scotsmen of the Eighteenth Century_, i. 161, 173.
[773] Temple’s _Works_, ed. 1757, i. 160.
[774] _Scotland and Scotsmen_, i. 161. The Earl of Chesterfield,
writing to his son in the year 1751, says: “I do not indeed wear
feathers and _red heels_, which would ill suit my age; but I take care
to have my clothes well made.” _Letters to his Son_, ed. 1774, iii. 227.
[775] _Historical Manuscripts Commission_, 1874, p. 531.
[776] _Scotland and Scotsmen, &c._, i, 170; ii. 556.
[777] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 382, _n._ 2.
[778] _Scotland and Scotsmen, &c._, ii. 543.
[779] _Ib._ i. 166.
[780] _Letters of Boswell to Temple_, pp. 216, 219.
[781] _Scotland and Scotsmen, &c._, i. 166.
[782] “The peace you seek is here—where is it not?
If your own mind be equal to the lot.”