Glove, Hittite, 176
Gnu (its method of defence), 9
Goat standing on the top of a pin (figure at Mycenæ), 233
Goat’s horns as volutes, 201
Goddesses with mural crowns, 176
God kings (= ‘Dynasty of the Gods’: Egypt), 145
‘God save the King,’ of Egyptian origin, 149 _n_
Goidels (Gauls), 275
Gold and silver ornaments in Cyprus, 188
Gold Coast Swords, 167
— coined by the Lydians, 194
— dust at Mycenæ, 229
— Egyptian words for, 151
— esteemed (by the ancients) less valuable than copper, 56
— its representation in Egyptian hieroglyphs, 69
‘Golden axe’ of Ashanti, 167 _n_
Golden bridle, 212
— calf, the, 183
— cannons (Baroda), 162
— celt, 212
— falchion, 212
— hatchet, 89
— plated wooden Sword-handle (Mycenæ), 228
— scymitar, 212
— shoulder-belts (Mycenæ), 228, 231
— Sword-belt, 212
— tiara, 212
Goldsmith’s work at Mycenæ, 233
Goliath of Gath (his armour of copper), 70
Golîyo (weapon: Baghirmi), 163, 237
Gonfanon (its etymology), 246 _n_
Gorillas, 2
Goths, Scandinavian, 274
‘Græcia mendax,’ 226
Græco-Italic race, the, 186, 270 _n_
Granite coffins, 81
Γράφειν (its original meaning), 225
Graver (pick?) in rock tablets (Wady Magharah), 61
Graving-points, 171 _n_
‘Great Armenia,’ 209 _n_
Great Pyramid, the, 147
Greaves, 247;
of copper, 70
Grecian Sphinx, 190 _n_
Greek accents, 220 _n_
— bronzes (analysis of), 82
— cavalry Swords, 248
— combatants, 240
— epigraphs at Mycenæ, 225
— fashion of carrying the Sword, 239, 248
— infantry Sword, 237
— metallurgy came from Egypt, 105
— statues, colossal, 241 _n_
— tactics, 241
— warfare, 241
Greeks, the, as soldiers, 242
‘Green copper’ (= bronze: Chinese), 64
Greenstone- (diorite-) splinters for wooden Swords, 47
Greenwood fuel used in iron-smelting, 112
Grey copper ore (in Ireland), 65
Grip of a Sword, 124
Γροσφὸς (= throw-stick), 34
Guanaco, 7
Guanches (Wánshi; origin of the word), 16 _n_
Guard plates (Sword), in Gaul, 257 _n_
Guards of a Sword, 124
_Guilielma speciosa_ (chonta-wood), 42
Guilloche-scroll (architectural ornament), 202
Guillons, 51
Guisarme (Gisarme or Bisarme), 95
Guitar (etymology of the word), 187 _n_
Gules (in heraldry; derivation), 140 _n_
Gunnar’s bill, 95
Gunpowder age (of weapons), 20 _n_;
use of gunpowder, 31 _n_
Gymnasia, Hellenic, 239
Gymnastics of the Spartans, 240
Gyno-Sphinx (Egypt), 190 _n_
Hâches votives, 89
Hades (derivation of the word), 221
Hæmatite-splinters for wooden Swords, 47
Haft-Júsh (‘seven boilings’ of metal: Persian), 221
Hair-dyes in Ancient Egypt, 148
Hairpins of bronze, 30
Hair-shears (Roman) of _æs_, 56
Halberts of copper, 67
Hall-bard (Icelandic weapon), 91
Hallstadt, finds of ancient weapons at, 262
Halteres (dumb-bells: Roman), 250
Hamasti (Sword-blade: Assyrian), 204 _n_
Hamata (Roman armour), 248 _n_
Hamathite Inscriptions, the, 177
Hamatum (barb-head spear), 181
Hammered iron-work in Mesopotamia, 104
Hammers of copper, 67
Hammer-wrought plating, 81
_Hamus ferreus_, 14 _n_
Hand-celts, 20
Hand-hatchet, 88
Hand-stones, 2;
among the Hottentots, 17;
among modern Syrians and Arab Bedawin, _ib._
Hand-thrusting instruments, 133
Hanger, 123
Hankow-steel, 115
Harbah (a dart: Arabic), 184
Harness (derivation of the word),] 97
Harpé (Ἅρπη: etymology of the word), 180
— of Cronos (Perseus’ weapon), 180
Harpoon-heads of reindeer-horn, 29 _n_
Hastarii (Roman soldiers), 246
Hastati (Roman soldiers), 246
Hastile (Roman javelin: Virgil), 246 _n_
Hatchet-boomerang, 38;
-sabre, 46
Hatchet of gold, 89
Hatchets of iron in the ‘Odyssey,’ 225
‘Hathi’ (‘the handed’: Hindoo epithet for the elephant), 3
Hauberks, Assyrian, 203
Hauranic stone doors, 264 _n_
Hawk-beaded Horus, 181
Haye (military term), 245
Heads of fallen foes kept as trophies (Gallic custom), 269
Headsman’s weapon, 139
Hebrew arms and armour, 183
— Iron Age, 103
— lepers in Ancient Egypt, 174 _n_
— metallurgy, 183
— tenets borrowed from Egypt, 148 _sq._
Heft of a Sword, 124
Hegesias or Stasinus: his ‘Kypria,’ 221 _n_
Held (champion: German), 271
Heliolatry of the Andes, 67 _n_
Hellenes, their character, manners and customs, 239 _sq._
Hellenic gymnasia and palæstræ, 239
— reading of the Bards, 220 _n_
Helmet of iron, in Nimrúd’s palace, 105
Helmets, Roman, 246
Henna-shrub (of Cyprus; _Lawsonia inermis_), 49
Hephæstus (derivation of the word), 62 _n_
Heraldry, Eastern, 140 _n_
— in Ancient Egypt, 147
Hercules, 75
Hercules’ shield and Sword, 222
Hereba (Phœnician weapon: = Harpé), 180
Hermotybians (Egyptian soldiers), 152
Hern (its method of defence), 9
Herodotus (character of his work), 225 _sq._
— on the age of Homer and Hesiod, 220
Heroes of Greece, the age of the, 220
‘Hero’s arm,’ the (Virgil), 254
Herse (military term), 245
Hesiod, age of, 220
Hide-scabbard, 160
Hierarchy, Jewish (whence borrowed), 150
Hieroglyphic signs for iron, 99
Hilt of a Sword, 124
Hilts of Ancient German Swords, 272
Hilt-guards of a Sword, 124
Hilt-plate of a Sword, 124
Hindiah or Hindiyáneh (= ferrum indicum), 107
Hindú alphabet, 219 _n_
— copper coinage, 70
— metaphysics, 214
— mythology, 219 _n_
— names for steel, 110 _n_
— sabre, 215
— trial of Sword-metal, 110 _n_
— warriors, 215
Hippopotamus, its method of attack, 9;
home of the, 205 _n_
Hiram of Tyre, 182
Hisárlik, the finds at, 106, 190 _sqq._, 227
History of Ancient Egypt, 144 _sq._
Hithism, 176
Hittites, 172 _sqq._
Hittite boots, 176
— bronze tablet, 176
— hieroglyphs, 176 _sq._
— language, 177 _n_
— phalanx, 175
— representation of the human figure, 176
— seals, 176
— syllabary, 176
Hoang-ta-tie (the Chinese ‘literary blacksmith’), 115
Holosphyraton (hammer-work), 221
‘Holy City’ of Miletus, 242 _n_
‘Holy-water sprinkler,’ 20
Homa (Assyrian ‘Tree of Life’), 202
Homer, age of, 220
Homeric names for the Sword, 222
Homo Darwiniensis, 5
— sapiens, 5
Honeysuckle as an architectural ornament, 202
Hoofs of animals used as armour, 29 _n_
Hooked-edge (of a Sword), 138
Hoplites (heavy-armed Greek soldier), 240
Hoplology, 1;
orders of, 6
Hoplomachi (gladiators), 252
Hoplotherium, 4
Hor-Apollo (= Harpocrates), 191 _n_
Hormuzd and Ahriman, 180
Horn-helmet, 29 _n_
Horn war-clubs, 24;
other instruments, 27;
horn-arm in Homer, 27;
various implements, 29
Horse, its method of defence, 7;
known to the Ancient Egyptians, 152 _n_
Horse-hoofs used as armour, 29 _n_
Horus (Egyptian god), 178
Hottentots, 3 _n_;
origin of the word, 17
House-furniture in Ancient Egypt, 148
Human-headed bull, Assyrian, 203 _n_
Human sacrifices in Ancient Egypt, 156 _n_
‘Hunga munga’ (weapon: Lake Chad), 37
Hünnenringe, 271
Hunting among the Ancient Germans, 273
— Assyrian, 203
Hunting-dresses in Ancient Egypt, 148
Hurud (iron; Chaldæan), 104
Hydraulic pressure (an ancient form of), 54
— — for hardening bronze, 81
Hydraulics in Ancient Egypt, 148
Hyksos (Shepherd-kings), 103, 173, 186 _n_
Iapetus, legend of, 1
Iberian Alfânge (El-Khanjar), 29
— blade (Spatha), 256
Iberic blade in Rome, 197
Icelandic Hall-bard, 91
Ida (derivation of), 106 _n_
Idæi Dactyli, 74 _sq._, 106
‘Iliad,’ metal-working tools in the, 221
Ili (hand-sword: Hindú), 215
Imbricated armour, Assyrian, 203
Imitation and Progress, 5
Impedimenta (baggage: Roman army), 249
Indian architecture, 219 _n_
— gold coinage (?), 214 _n_
— legendary myths, 213
— sabres, 137
— steel, 109, 218 _sq._
— weapons, 185
‘Indo-European’ (applied to a language), 193 _n_
‘Ineffable Name,’ the (its origin), 149
Infantry ‘regulation’ sword, 129
Inflated skins (as floats for soldiers: Assyrian), 203
Ingots of tin (Mexican), 82
Inlaid iron saucer, 106 _n_
‘Inner Sea,’ 179
Innuit, 3 _n_
Inscription (Assyrian) on a Sword at Nardin, 207
Inscriptions (rock) traced with flint flakes, 49 _n_
‘Inside-edge’ weapons, 235, 237
Intaglio’d gold at Mycenæ, 229 _sqq._
Invasion of England by Anglo-Saxons, 275
Iphicrates’ improvement of Greek arms and armour, 237
Iranian (language), 146 _n_
Irish copper swords, 57
Irish race (their origin), 65 _n_
‘Iron Age,’ 22 _n_, 23 _n_
Iron among the Aryans, 108
Iron among the Romans, 107
‘Iron-built’ cities of the Ancient Hindús, 219 _n_
Iron cannon first cast, 117 _n_
— chain-armour, Assyrian, 203
— chisels (Etruscan), 197
— dirk worshipped by the Scythians, 226
— face-guard, 258
Iron-flakes, surface (Cape of Good Hope), 119
Iron glance (specular iron, oligiste), 107
— hasps and nails, 100
— in Africa, 117
— in Assyria, 105
— in China, 112 _sq._
— in Egypt, 100
— in German myths, 271
— in Homer, 108
— in India, 108 _sq._
— in Madagascar, 116
— in the Pentateuch, 103
— in Tacitus, 225
— introduction of in Greece, 69, 97;
derivation of the word, 97 _n_
— keys at Mycenæ, 106
— knives, 100, 106
— known to Homer and Hesiod, 221
— on the American continent, 116
— rare in ancient Germany, 271
— sheaths for Swords, 222
— sickle, 100
— sling-bullet, 191
Iron-smelting on the Libanus, 103
Ironstone in ancient Bashan, 103
— weapons, 52
Iron Swords, Etruscan, 195
— — of Italian tribes, 265
— treated of by Aristotle, 106
Iron-wood, 40
Iron-working Age of India, 109
— in Japan, 115 _sq._
Italian foil, 124
— poison daggers, 51
Italy (modern), its two races, 270 _n_
Iverapema (‘Iwarapema’), 42
Ivernii (Irish non-Celts: Ptolemy), 279
Ivory-carving, Assyrian, 202
Jacaná (_Parra_; American bird), 9
Jaculum (Roman javelin), 246 _n_
Jade Pattu-Pattus, 25, 47;
derivation of ‘jade,’ 47 _n_
Jadite (and jade) splinters for wooden swords, 47
Janghiz Khan, 227
Japanese blade, 139
— copper, 64
— ingots, 64
— iron, 116
— liquation of argentiferous copper, 83
— stone-chopper, 52
Jauhar (‘jewel’ or ribboning of a ‘Damascus’ blade), 112
Javanese blade, 215
— sculptures, 218
Javelineers, Roman, 248
Javelins, 20, 66, 90;
Ancient Roman, 246 _n_
— for recruits, Roman, 249
Javelin of the Samnites, 266 _n_
Jáyá (mother of all weapons: Hindú), 214
Jeanne d’Arc’s Sword, 184 _n_
Jehovah (Yahveh), its etymology and mystic meaning, 149 _n_
Jewish coinage of copper, 70
‘Jewish face,’ the, 150 _n_
Jewish manner of wearing the Sword, 184
Jízeh Pyramid, 100
Joseph’s position in Egypt, 103
Judgment after death, Egyptian ideas of, 150
Julian the Apostate (his armour), 258
Julius Cæsar as a general, 260
Jumbiyah (crooked dagger of the Arabs), 29
Jumbul-wood, 112
Jutland, celts, &c., of, 274 _n_
Kabeiroi (Cabiri), 74 _sq._
Kabyle Flissa, 265
Kachhá (pig-iron), 111
Kadesh, site of, 174 _n_
Kakhi (brass), 87
Kakku (Assyrian weapon), 204 _n_
Káma-Shastra (_Ars amoris_: Hindú), 215
Kanaruc, Temple of, 109
Kangaroo (its method of defence), 12
Κάννα (Lat. _canna_; whence ‘cannon’), 14 _n_
Kan-top, Indian, 204
Kasabet (brass), 87
Kasios (Zeus), 1 _n_
Kaskara (Swords: Baghirmi), 162
‘Kassiteros,’ in Homer, 227
Katuriyeh (? = Cateia: Gujarát), 38
‘Kawas’ (hand-stone), 18
Keil (wedge: cuneus) form of attack, 273
Kelan (Hittite slingers), 175
Kelmis, 75
Κέλται (etymology of the word), 266 _n_
Keltic aborigines of the British Isles, 275
— (?) finds at Mycenæ, 106
— Gauls, weapons of, 266
— miners’ tools, 107 _n_
Κελτικὸν θράσος, 266 _n_
Kelto-Scandinavian swords (miscalled Anglo-Saxon), 139
Kemi (meaning of the word), 145 _n_
Kemite copper mines (in Midian), 102
Keteian or Cetian (in Homer), 172
Ketos (_Canis Carcharias_), 180
Kettles of copper, 69
Key-pattern (architectural ornament), 202
Keys of iron at Mycenæ, 106
Khadga (Hindú Sword), 214 _sqq._
Khanjar, 266
Khanjar-dagger, 212
Khanjar (Georgian weapon), 159
— of Persia and India, 29
Khesbet (metal connected with tin), 87
Kheten (war-axes; Egyptian), 154, 158
Khita (Hittites), 200
— people, description of, 175;
their armour, weapons, &c., _ib._
Khita-land, the Sword in, 172 _sq._
Khoi-Khoi, 3 _n_, 17
Khnemu (gnomes), 75
Khopsh (kopis; Egyptian Sword), 156, 266
Khorasáni blades, 114 _n_
Kilt, ancient, 247 _n_
King Blay of Attábo, Sword made by, 142 _n_, 168
King-crab (_Limulus_), 24
King Koffee’s umbrella, 167 _n_
Kinnúr (Hebrew lyre), 187 _n_
Kinyá (arm-knife: Baghirmi), 162
Kirab-sar (Hittite writer of books), 173
Kiry (Kerry: Kafir weapon), 28
Kitár (Hindú weapon), 140
Kleydv (Welsh Sword), 279
Klingenthal Sword-manufactory, 132
Κνήστεις (Athenian weapons), 237
Knief (ancient German weapon), 272
Knife-Sword (Ancient Egyptian), 155
Knife, the (preceded the saw), 13;
as a missile, 18
Knights of Malta: their Swords, 162
Knives edged with sharks’ teeth, 49
— of iron at Mycenæ, 106
Knobkerries, 32 _n_
Knob-stick (development into the Sword), 44
Knuckle-duster (cestus of the classics), 7
Kobongs (Australian tribal ‘crests’), 40 _n_
Κοπίς, not mentioned in Homer, 224;
= Egyptian ‘Khopsh,’ 235;
the weapon of the Giants, and of the Amazons, 235 _sq._;
peculiarity of the weapon, 236
Kopis of the Gauls, 266 _n_
— Spanish, 265
Korah (Nepaul weapon), 265
Koran-reading, 220 _n_
Kordofan, rude kind of bellows in, 120
Krís (= crease: Malay weapon), 137, 166, 212
Kukkri blade of Ghurkas, 236
Kukkri or Gurkha Sword-knife, 39, 217 _n_, 265
Kulbeda (weapon of the Nyam-Nyams), 37
Κύων, 1 _n_
Κύπρος (meaning of the word), 58
‘Kurs’ (bloom: of metal), 112
Kurush (= Κῦρος, Cyrus), 209 _n_
‘Kypria’ of Stasinus, the, 221 _n_
Labarum (Roman standard), 246 _n_
Λάβρα (= πέλεκυς: Lydian), 89
Labrandian Jove, 89
‘La boxe Française,’ 254
Lacquer or varnish (on metals), 84
Lance, Assyrian, 202
Lances of sago-wood, 23
Lancehead of bronze at Mycenæ, 230
— of fish-bone, 23
— of pure copper, 57
Language, articulate (three periods of), 74 _n_
Lanista (Roman _maître d’armes_), 249
Lapis lazuli (= cyanus in Pliny), 222 _n_
Laqueatores (Roman gladiators), 210 _n_
Larissa (lance, Middle Ages), 182
Larnaca (etymology of the name), 187
Lasso, the, in Ancient Egypt, 210 _n_
— of the Roman gladiators, 210 _n_
— South American, 210 _n_
Lassos of plaited thongs (Persian), 210
Lát (iron pillar of Delhi), 109
‘Latchen’-blade, 135
Lateral blades (of a Sword) moved by a spring, 136
Laterite, 118
Latin blood in English race, 277
Latrunculi (Roman game), 218
Latten (derivation of the word), 85
Laufi or Laf (Sword), 123
Lava-splinters for wooden Swords, 47
_Lawsonia inermis_ (‘kopher,’ henna-shrub), 59
Laws of the Visigoths, weapons in the, 272 _n_
Lead, scoriæ of, 82
— and silver in Spain, 107
Lead-bronze in Ireland, 276
Leaf-shaped dagger and the rapier, connection of, 278
Leather sheath (for Swords), 160
Lebes-chauldron, 192
Legion of the ancient Roman army, 245 _sq._
Leiste (guard-plate: German), 272
Lemovii (Pomerania), 274
Length of Ancient Greek Swords, 238
— of Ancient Indian Sword, 216 _n_
— of Egyptian Swords, 159
— of Roman spear (Tacitus), 271
Leowel (pick), 37
Lepers, Hebrew, in Ancient Egypt, 174 _n_
Leptolithic age, 5 _n_
Libyan (Ancient) weapons, 162
‘Life,’ 261 _n_
Ligaunians (Etruria), 196
Lignarii (Sappers: Roman army), 249
Limulus (king-crab), 24
Linen at Mycenæ, 232
‘Line of direction’ in a Sword, 129
Lingua di bove (Sword shape: Italian), 166, 239
Lion (its stroke or blow), 7
Liquation of argentiferous copper (in Japan), 83
Lisán (‘tongue’-weapon), 32, 154
Λισσότριχοι, 144 _n_
Litholatry, 1 _n_
‘Live iron’ (= loadstone), 102
Livy’s Phalanx, 246 _n_;
Legion, _ib._
Lixæ (camp-followers: Roman), 249
Llama, 7
Loadstone in the Troas, 191
Long-handed Danish Sword, 274
Long-hefted axe (Norman), 90
Longobards, 271
Long-straight Sword, 158
Long-Sword, 161
Lord High Treasurer’s white rod, 33 _n_
— Marshal of England’s gold truncheon, 33 _n_
— Steward of the Household’s white staff, 33 _n_
‘Lords of Asia’ (the Persians), 209
‘Lost Tribes,’ the, 151 _n_
Lotus, the, as an architectural ornament, 201
Lucky and unlucky marks on Eastern horses, 216
Ludus gladiatorius, 249
Lusitania, abundance of metal in, 265 _sq._
Lusitanian weapons, 266
Lycian weapons, 182, 211
— tongue, the, 187 _n_
Lydians, account of the, 194
Lydian stone splinters for wooden Swords, 47
Macaná, 42
Macedonian phalanx, weapons of the, 237
Mace in rock tablets (Wady Magharah), 61
Machabees (etymology of the word), 185 _n_
Machæra (= Sword, in Homer), 224
Machairæ-blades, Gallic, 266, 268
Μάχαιραι (Angl. Sax. Meche), 161
_Machairodus latidens_ (sabre-toothed tiger), 9
Madagascar iron, 116
Mádu or Máru (horn dagger), 11
Mahquahuith set with obsidian teeth, 67
Magic in Assyria, 202 _n_
— mirror of Perseus, 180
Magnet (loadstone), 102
Mail-coat on the Trajan column, 258
Mail-coats of iron in the Rig Veda, 108
Main-gauche, German, 136
Malachite (derivation of the word), 62 _n_
Malay krís (weapon), 137
Malga war pick, 37, 38
Mall (weapon), 88
Mallet in rock tablets (Wady Magharah), 61
Malleable bronze, 57;
copper, 66;
iron, 98
Maltese cross, 192 _n_
Manchette, 12 _n_
Maniples (of Roman army), 246 _n_
Mantis (the fights of), 13
Mantramukta (class of weapons: Hindú), 214
Manufacture of arms and armour in Cyprus, 188
Manyuema Swordlet, 169
Maracá (sacred rattle: Brazilian Tupis), 151
Marave iron-smelting furnace, 118
‘Mar Jiryús’ (Cappadocian saint), 181
Mars worshipped by the Scythians, 227
Martel-de-fer, 28
_Martinezia ciliata_, 42
Máru or Mádu (horn dagger), 11
Maruduk (= Mars: Assyrian God), 207
Marzabotto blade, the (Etruscan), 195
Masks (papier-mâché) in Ancient Egypt, 148
‘Master Shoe-tye,’ 3 _n_
Materialism, 261 _n_
Mathematics in Ancient Egypt, 148
Maushtika (fist-sword; stiletto: Hindú), 215
Mawingo-wings (_Pennisetum Benthami_), 12
Mayence blade, 238
Media, 209 _n_
Mediæval sabres, 136
— split Swords, 142
Medicine in Ancient Egypt, 148
Medinah Habu, temple of, 175
_Melaleuca_ (swamp tea-tree), 40
Melkarth (Phœnician god), 179
Μελίη (ash-tree = a bow), 254 _n_
Memnonium, the, 175
Meri (New Zealand weapon), 26, 47
Merodach (Babylonian god), 183
Mesopotamia, iron work in, 104
Mesopotamian astronomy, 200 _n_
Metal in the Hissarlik remains, 106
— replaces bone and stone in weapons, 50
— scabbards, 222 _n_
Metal-workers, a wandering race of, 275
Metal-working (discovery of), 51
— in China, 115
Metallic value of Dr. Schliemann’s finds, 233
Metallo-lithic Age, 22 _n_
Metallurgic δαίμονες, 74
Metallurgy, Assyrian, 202
— developed by ancient Egyptians, 151
— extension of from Egypt, 63
— of the Exodists, 56 _n_;
origin of, 74
Metals, archaic names of, 122
— in Ancient Cyprus, 186
— in Ancient Hellas, 220
— in the Troas finds, 191
Metamorphosis, 2
Meteoric-iron chips for wooden weapons, 51
Meteoric iron, 99
Meteorolites, 99 _n_
Method of warfare, Ancient German, 273
Mica-schist dagger (natural formation), 47
Mica-schist, mould of, 82, 191
Midas-myth, the, 187 _n_
Midian copper mines, 102
Mihhili Mezzir (= Sahs), 272 _n_
Milanese (modern), 270 _n_
Milesians (origin of the name), 65 _n_
Miletus, ‘Holy City’ of, 242 _n_
Militarism of the Ancient Romans, 252
Military discipline under the Roman Empire, 249
— mining (Ancient Egypt), 154
— tactics of Ancient Hindús, 218
Milites (etymology of the word), 245
Mimosa, 6, 32
Mineral fields of Cornwall, 275
‘Miners’ hammers (= stone-pounders; Ireland), 65
Miölner (hammer of Thor), 35
Mirmillones, 251
Mirrors (polished) of copper, 67
Missile fishes, 7
— weapons, 2, 6
Missiles in the _Iliad_, 222
‘Mixing bloods,’ 227 _n_
Modern Irish, character of, 279 _n_
Mohammed’s Sword, 141
Mokume (ornamental alloys), 83
‘Money swords’ (Chinese talismans), 64
Mongol, a special race, 227 _n_
Monkeys, (use of missiles by), 2
Monomachia (intaglio of gold) at Mycenæ, 234
_Monodon monoceros_ (Narwhal or sea-unicorn), 11
Monotheism of Egypt, 149
‘Morning star,’ 20
Morra (the game) in Ancient Egypt, 148
Moses’ cradle, 149
Moslem two-headed eagle (heraldry), 176 _n_
Mosul (the original Ararat), 202
‘Mound-builders,’ 66, 116
‘Mountain copper’ (ὀρειχάλκον), 85
Movable tower (for sieges), 154
Mucro (edge of a Sword: Roman), 255 _n_
Mud bricks, Assyrian, 201
Muffle (crucible), 111 _n_
Muktámukta (class of weapons: Hindú), 214
Muktasandhárita (class of weapons: Hindú), 214
Mulciber (= Malik Kabir: Phœnician), 179
Multibarbed or serrated weapons, 13
Mummies, Quichuan, 67 _n_
Mummy bodies at Mycenæ, 228
— skulls, 144
Music connected with Lydia, 194
— origin of, 15
— in Ancient Egypt, 148
Mussel-shell (the original spoon), 47 _n_;
and as a tip to a (thrusting) wooden Sword, 48
Muzak (wrought metal: Hebrew), 103
Mycenæ, the discoveries at, 73, 82, 106, 227 _sq._
‘Mycenæ spiral,’ 233 _sq._
Mycenian goldsmiths, 85 _n_
Mythological degradation on of Egyptian mysteries, 151
Naharayn (Mesopotamia), 104, 172
Nails of copper, 65
‘Naki-ka-kausti’ (a _spectaculum_ at Baroda), 8 _n_
Names become by-words, 65 _n_
Napoleon Buonparte and the Arabs, 186 _n_
Naphtuhim (Thuhi = ‘the fair people’), 102 _n_
Narwhal or sea-unicorn (_Monodon monoceros_), 11
_Naseus fronticornis_, 10
National weapon of ancient Germans, 270
‘Native brass’ opposed to ‘yellow copper’ (English) 56
Native iron, 99;
steel, _ib._
Natural alloys, 66, 69
Náyin (Mpangwe crossbow), 37 _n_
Nebo (Mercury), 207
Necklace-beads (Mycenæ), 228
Necropolis at Marzabotto (Bologna), 195 _sq._
— in Valdichiana, 197
Neo-Latin names for the Sword, 123
— races, the, 270
Neolithic age, 5 _n_
Nephrite meri, 47;
nephrite a cure for kidney disease, 47 _n_
Nero, character of, 252 _n_
Nickeliferous iron, 99
Niello (_nigellum_), 83, 152
Nile-dwellers, 3 _n_
Nilotes, characteristics of the, 144 _n_
Nimrúd, Palaces of, 202 _sq._
Nineveh, 200;
discoveries at, 201
Ninus, date of, 199 _n_, 200
Nippers of copper, 68
Njiga (weapon: Baghirmi), 163, 237
Noah (original of the name), 149
Noah’s ark, 149
Noahitic Deluge, the, 144 _n_, 149 _n_
North beats South, 261
North-European Sword not of Roman origin, 264
Northumberland stone, the, 267
Novacula, Cyprian, 189
Nuggets (copper) as bell-clappers, 67
Nuggets of iron, in Africa, 119
Nuguit (Greenland weapon), 25
Obelisks (method of forming them), 54
Obsidian daggers, 46;
splinters for wooden Swords, 47;
black obsidian spear-head, 50
Ocreæ (greaves or leggings), 247
Odysseus (etymology of the word), 224
‘Odyssey,’ the, wrought iron in, 224
Œnochoe, Etruscan, 196
Offensive weapons (of animals and savages), 6
Old Coptic language, 146
Old Persian Sword, 139
Old Spanish Swords, 265
Oligiste (iron glance, specular iron), 107
Ollaria (pot copper), 88
‘Omphalos of the earth,’ 192 _n_
Onager, 4;
origin of the name, 20 _n_
Ondanique (= ferrum indicum), 107
One-handed Swords (Mexican), 67
Onomatopœia, 4
‘Oran-Banua’ (men of the woods: Malaccan negrito aborigines), 14 _n_
Ὀρειχάλκον, 85
Ore smelting (discovery of), 51
Orichalcum, 85
Orientation of corpses, 234 _n_
Oriflamme, 246 _n_
Original alphabet, the, 146 _sq._
Origin of the Ancient Egyptians, 143 _sq._
— (suggested) of the smelting-process, 118
Orissa Sword (two-bladed), 141
Or molu, 87
Ornamental alloys (applied to Swords), 83
Ornamentation, Greek, 221
Ornaments in sepulchres at Mycenæ, 234
— set in bone, 29
Osier-bucklers (for recruits: Roman), 249
Osiris and Typhon, 180
Osiris’ ark, 149
Ostrich-feather head-gear, 158 _n_
Ostrich throwing stones, 3
Οὐλότριχοι, 144 _n_
Ourshol (= Melkarth), 179
Pacho (club: South Sea Islanders), 48
Pack-fong, 68
Pactyans, 210
Paddle (or original oar), 32, 40;
paddle and spear combined, _ib._;
development into the Sword, 42
Paddle-sword (Peruvian), 66, 68
Pagaya (sharpened paddle), 42
Painting in Ancient Egpyt, 148
— (origin of) 15
Pakká (crude steel), 111
‘Palace of the Atreidæ’ at Mycenæ, 233
Palace of the Forty Columns, 211
Palaces of Nimrúd, finds in, 202 _sq._
‘Palace of Priam’ (Troas), 191 _sq._
Palæolithic flints, 45 _n_
Palæoliths of Kelts of the British Isles, 275
Palæstræ, Hellenic, 239
_Palameda_ (Horned Screamer), 9
Palestine (etymology of the word), 177
Palintonon, 19
Palladium of Troy, 1 _n_
Palm-wood Swords, 43
Palstab, 270
Palstave, 20;
derivation, 30 _n_
Paludamentum (Roman officer’s cloak), 245 _n_
Palus, 250
Πάμφαινον (explanation of the epithet), 223
Panimukta (class of weapons: Hindú), 214
Papacha (Quichuan god), 67 _n_
Paphlagonians, 210
Παρὰ μηροῦ (meaning of the expression), 239
Parazonia (weapons), 161
‘Parazonium’ dagger, 239, 246
Parazonium of bronze, 239
Parchment, Assyrian, 201 _n_
Parian (Arundelian) Chronicle, 105
Parma (Roman shield), 246 _sq._
Parmularians, 252
Parrying-shields, 38
Parrying stick (Africa and Australia), 12
Partisan (mediæval weapon), 183 _n_
Pas d’âne, 125 _n_, 166
‘Paternoster’ blade, 136
Pathros (meaning of the word), 145 _n_
Pattisha (two-bladed battle-axe: Hindú), 215
Patrick, St., 180
Pattu-Pattus, 25, 47
Pavoise (in sieges: Ancient Egypt), 154
Pea-shooter, 14 _n_
Pedila, 1
Pelasgo-Hellenic race, the, 186
Πέλεκυς, 89, 90
— ἀμφιστόμος (_bipennis_), 271
Pelusium (etymology of the word), 177
Pennations (in sabres: Eastern and mediæval), 136
_Pennisetum Benthami_ (Mawingo-wingo), 12
Pennons, Assyrian, 203
Pentaur (scribe of Ramses II.), 101, 147
Percussion, centre of, 129
Persea (Egyptian ‘Tree of Life,’) 202 _n_
Perseus, 179 _sq._
Persia, 209
Persian cidaris or tiara, 209
— akinakes, 210
— archer, 209
— cuneiform, 201, 203
— headdress, 209
— helmet, 209
— origin of heraldry, 140 _n_
— sculpture, 209
— shield, 209
— Sword (old), 139
— war-axe, 273
— warrior, 209
Persepolis sculptures, 208
Persians of Herodotus, the, 226
Peruvian army, 66;
nation, 66 _n_;
derivation of ‘Peru,’ _ib._
Peshawar sculptures, 218
Phalangæ, 32
Phalanx of the Hittites, 175
— Ancient Egyptian, 154
— in Livy, 246 _n_
Phalarica (fire-missile: Roman), 248
Phaleræ (military decorations), 248
Phallic theories, 114
Pharaoh (meaning of the word), 145
Pharsalia, Cæsar at, 260
Phásganon (= Sword, in Homer), 222, 230;
etymology of the word, 223
Philistia, plain of, 186
Philistine (modern use of the word), 185 _n_
— weapons, 185
Phœnicia (etymology of the word), 178
Phœnician art in England, 275
Phœnicians, 178
Phosphor-bronze, 53, 80
Phosphorus mixed with copper, 81 _n_
Phrygian tongue (a congener of Greek), 76 _n_
Phrygian-type cap, 175
Picks made of reindeer-antlers, 29 _n_
Picrous Day (a Cornish festival), 79
Picts (origin of the name), 279 _n_
Pierced blade and sheath (Sword), 136
‘Piercing-stone’ (Babylonian Inscriptions), 171 _n_
Piedmontese (modern), 270 _n_
Pigeon-shooting, 253 _n_
Pilani (Roman javelineers), 248
Pile (arrow-head; derivation), 25 _n_
Pile-dwellings of Olmütz, 24;
of Laibach, 29
Pilum (Roman weapon), 248 _n_
Pilus (division of Roman army), 247
Pinna used as arrow-heads and adze-blades, 47
Pirhua (the first Ynka deified to a Creator), 66 _n_
Piromis (meaning of the word), 144 _n_
Pir (sun-heat), 1 _n_
Pisoliths, 102
Pivot-theatres, 250
Plating (or sheeting) on wood or stone, 55
Ploughshare (Roman) of _æs_, 56
Plover of Central Africa (carries weapons in its wings), 9
Plumbiferous scoriæ in Spain, 108
Plumbum argentarium (tin and lead), 88
‘Plummets’ in the Western Mounds, 116
Point of a Sword, 139
Poison daggers, 51
— trees, 6
Poisoned arrows, 26;
bullets, 26 _n_;
weapons, 9, 11
Pokwé or Poucue (weapon: Lunda), 169
Poland (derivation of the name), 92
Pole-axes, 92;
Egyptian, 154
— of silver, copper, gold, 67
Pole, discovery of the, 200 _n_
— (pillar: etymology of the word), 114 _n_
Poles of war-cars armed, 277 _n_
Polished mirrors of copper, 67
Polyænus on Julius Cæsar, 260
Polybius (his character as a writer), 245 _n_
Pommel of a Sword, 123, 140, 159, 165
Poniards of flint, 46
Popular sports, 253
Porcelain in Ancient Egypt, 148
Porcupines ‘shooting their quills,’ 3 _n_
Pork, Jewish hatred of, 150
Portable African bellows, 121
— bridge (for sieges; Ancient Egypt), 154
— shrines of Ancient Egypt, 150
Postín (Slav and Afghan dress), 269
Pot-copper, 88
Pottery, in the Maydúm Pyramid, 61;
of the Quichuans, 67 _n_
Potter’s wheel, invention of the, 119
Poucue (weapon; Lunda), 169
Prachtaxt (ancient German weapon), 273
Prahiunamif (son of Ramses II.), 174
Pramantha, 1 _n_, 202
Prasa (spear: Hindú), 215
Prasine faction, 252
Pre-Adamites (Moslem), 2 _n_
Precious stones on Swords, 258
Predatory fishes, 4, 7
Prehistoric Ilium, 194
Prester John, 163 _n_
Primæval language (Egyptian), 146 _sq._
Primitive man, 3 _sqq._
Primordial shipbuilders (the Cabiri), 75
Principes (Roman soldiers), 247
Prisse Papyrus, the, 147
_Pristis_ (Saw-fish), 13
Processes of making steel, 117 _n_
Processional axe (German), 91
Proci (Roman soldiers), 248
Produce of Ancient Britain, 277
Promachoi (Greek soldiers), 248
Prometheus, 1
‘Promised Land,’ the, 178
Prong-edge (of a Sword), 138
Proportions of alloys, 83
Proportion in length of blade and hilt-blade, 264
— of man to animals, 5 _n_
Proto-chalcitic Age (of weapons), 53
Proto-sideric Age, 5 _n_
— or Early Iron Age of weapons, 97
Provinces of the bronze antiques of Europe, 276
Prydhain (god worshipped in Britain), 77 _n_
Pteropedilos (Mercury), 1
Ptolemies, the, 209
Ψευδάργυρος, 85
Pucuna, 14 _n_
Pugio (Ancient Roman weapon), 210, 256;
derivation of the word, 257 _n_
Pukhtu or Pushtu (Afghan language), 210 _n_
Punctured wounds, danger of, 127
‘Pundonor,’ 267
Punishing prisoners by torture (Assyrian), 203
Πῦρ, 1 _n_
‘Purple copper’ (Chinese), 64
Pygmalion in Cyprus, 187
Pyracmon (the Cyclop), 75
Pyramid of Copan (Yucatan), 67 _n_
— the Great, 147
Pyrites, 1 _n_
Pyropus (copper and gold alloy), 86 _n_
Pyrodes, 1 _n_
Pyrrhic dance, 239
Quadrangular thrusting-blade, 136
Quadriga of bronze, 80
Quagga (its kick), 7
‘Quarrel’ (bolt of a crossbow), 25 _n_
Quarter-staff among the Ancient Hindús, 215
Quartz (and quartzite) splinters for wooden Swords, 47
Quaternary Age in England, 275
Quella (Khellay, iron: Peru), 67 _n_
Quenching (of metal) with water, 165;
with oil, 165 _n_
Quichua language, 67 _n_;
characteristics of the people, _ib._;
mummies, _ib._
Quillons of a Sword, 125, 164
Quincussis (bronze coin), 264
Quiris (= Hasta: Ancient Roman weapon), 246 _n_
Races, changes in the conditions of, 243
Racial names, 194
_Raia trygon_ and _R. histrix_ (sting-rays), 11
Rakes of copper, 67
Rakshasas (demons: Hindú), 213
Ram (in sieges: Ancient Egypt), 154
Ramayana Epic, 190
‘Ramrod-back’ Sword, 133
Ramses II., tablets of (Bayrut), 200 _n_
‘Rank,’ man of (derivation of ‘rank’), 140
Ranseur or Ronçeur, 95
Rapier, 123
Rapier-blades, Etrurian, 195, 278
Rapier in Ancient Britain, 278
Rat-trap, crossbow, 37 _n_
Razors, Assyrian, 202 _sq._
‘Razor-women’ of King Gezo (Dahome), 168
Recruit-drill, Roman, 249
‘Red bronze,’ 72
Reed arrows, 28
Regnum Noricum, 256
‘Regulation’ Sword (infantry), 129, 133
Regulus (of metal), 107 _n_, 111
Reindeer-antlers used as picks, 29 _n_
— period, 27, 29
Relief in gold and silver on Swords, 258
Religion in Ancient Egypt, 148
Repoussée work at Mycenæ, 233
— work on Swords, 258
Respect for the dead, 5 _n_
Retiarii (Roman gladiators), 210 _n_, 251
Rhinoceros-horn used for weapons, 28
Rhinoceros (its armature), 9
Riesenmauer, 271
Riding practised by Ancient Romans, 249
Rig Veda, mention of iron in the, 108
Ring-money, 151 _n_
Ritual of the Dead, Egyptian, 184
Rock-inscriptions at Ibriz, 176
Rock-inscriptions traced with flint-flakes, 49 _n_
— tablets at Wady Magharah, 61
Roman alloys, 84
— fashion of wearing the Sword, 258
— fashions adopted by Gauls, 269
— helmets, 246
— iron, 107
— jurisprudence, 244
— lacquered or varnished brass, 84
— method of hardening and tempering tools, &c., 107
— mining operations, 107
— names for the Sword, 254
— shield bordered with brass, 266
Romans smelted copper in England, 71
Roman soldiers, 259 _sqq._
— Swords in England, 259
Ῥομφαία (Thracian weapon), 237
Ronçeur or Ranseur, 95
Rorarii (Roman soldiers), 245
‘Rosa mystica’ (of Byzantine art), 202
Rosette, the, as an architectural ornament, 201
‘Royal Commentaries of the Ynkas,’ 67
Royal Swords, Assyrian, 205 _sq._
Rubbings of Pharaohnic stone, 102 _n_
Ruby copper, 85
Rudis (rod or wooden Sword: Roman), 250
Rugii (Baltic), 274
Rumpia (weapon mentioned by Gellius), 237
Runes engraved on a Scramasax, 272 _n_
Runic inscriptions on Cimbrian weapons, 274 _n_
‘Sabbatic River’ (Pliny, Josephus), 178 _n_
Sabbation (fabled river), 178 _n_
Sabbaths, Assyrian, 200 _n_
Sabine shields, 253 _n_
Sabre, ancient forms, Greek and barbarian, 12;
its origin, 32
Sabres of eucalyptus-wood, 44
Sabre-toothed tiger (_Machairodus latidens_), 9
Sacæ (Shakas; Nomades: Scythians), 226
Sacrificial blades, 217 _n_
— knives of flint, 46
— knives of iron, 100
Σάγαρις, 90
Sagartian Nomades, 210
Sagina gladiatoria, 250
Sago-tree (_Nibong_; _Caryota urens_), 23
Sagum (Roman soldier’s cloak), 245 _n_
Sahs, Seax, Sax (Saxon), 272
Sailor’s cutlass, 140
Sakkarah pyramids, 144 _n_
Samians, casting and soldering among the, 221
Samnite weapons, 253
Samnites, javelin of the, 266 _n_
Samson’s weapon, 24;
tomb, 186 _n_
Samurai (Japanese two-sworded man), 252 _n_
Sandal of Perseus, 179
Sanskritists and philology, 191 _n_
Sanskrit, terms for iron in, 108
Sappers of Ancient Roman army, 249
Sarbacane, 14 _n_
‘Sardian electrum,’ 87
Sardones (Shardona), 175
‘Sardonian linen,’ 175
Sarissa (spear), 182, 237
Sarpedon’s targe, 192
Satrap (etymology of the word), 226 _n_
Sattára (= Sát-istara, the Pleiades), 8 _n_
Satzuma copper (the best in the world), 64
Saucer, inlaid iron, 106 _n_
Saunion (Samnite javelin), 266 _n_
Sauromatæ (northern Medes and Slavs), 227
Savage worship of weapons, 162 _n_
Saw-bayonet, 51, 137
Saw, double-handed, of iron or steel, in Nimrúd’s palace, 105
Saw-fish (its armature), 13;
teeth of, 24
Saw-kerf, 29
Saws, Assyrian, 203
Saxnot Zio (German Sword-god), 273
Saxo (weapon of the Saxon or Sacæ), 90 _n_
Saxon blade, 135
Saxones (ancient German tribe), 271
Scabbard of pearl, 212
Scæan gates (Troas), 191
Scaling-ladder, Ancient Egypt, 154;
Assyrian, 203
Scalping described by Herodotus, 227 _n_
Scandinavian Goths and Vandals, 274
— tactical formation, 273
Scarabæi of diorite (Egyptian), 53 _n_
‘Scatterer’ (Sanskrit Astara), 38
Sceptre-heads of copper, 68
Scheme of battle, Homeric, 241
Σχήνη ἱερὰ (portable tent of the Carthaginians), 150
Scherma (fencing: derivation of the word), 272 _n_
Schläger (German weapon), 135 _n_, 139
Schlegel on the ‘Brazen’ Age, 56
Schleswig, spatha of, 272
Schliemann’s excavations in the Troas, 190
‘Schweinskopf’ (Ancient German tactical formation), 273
Schwertstab (Sword-staff), 273
Science in Egypt, 147 _sq._
Scilly Islands (origin of the name), 78 _n_
Scipio’s fleet, arms supplied to, 198
Scissors (etymology of the word), 272
— of copper, 79
Sclepista (Roman sacrificial knife) of copper (or bronze?), 56
Scoriæ of lead (at Schliemann’s Troy), 82
Scorpion (or onager), 19, 20 _n_
— (whip-goad: Ancient Egypt), 157
Scourge, Assyrian, 206
Scramasax, Scramma Scax, 94, 223, 235;
(derivation of the word), 272 _n_
— from Hallstadt, 263
Scramsahs, Copenhagen, 272 _n_
Sculpture in Egypt, 148
— (origin of), 15
Sculptures of Chehel Munar, 211
Scutum (Roman shield), 247, 253
Scymitar, 123, 130, 139;
etymology of, 126 _n_
— among the Peruvians, 68
— of gold, 212
Scymitar-shaped Sword, 133
Scythe-shaped Swords, 72, 95
Scythes of copper, 72
— used as weapons, 95
Scythe war-car (of Ancient Britons), 276
Scythian weapons, 227
Scythians, 226
Seals, Hittite, 176
Sea-unicorn (Narwhal; _Monodon monoceros_), 11
Seax (weapon = Saxo), 90 _n_
Second chalcitic age of alloys, 74 _sqq._
Sections of Sword-blades, 131
— of thrusting Swords, 135
Securis, 90;
Danica, 274
Semiramis, 207
Semitic (language), 146 _n_
Senonian Gauls, 267
Sentinum, war-cars of Gauls at the battle of, 277 _n_
Sepulchres at Mycenæ, 228 _sqq._
Sequence of metals—copper, bronze, brass, 57
Serpentine (stone), 47
Serrated or saw-edged instruments, 13
Set (Satan, the Evil Spirit of Egyptian religion), 149
Sesostris, weight of the statue of, 54;
derivation of the name, 174 _n_;
date of, 199 _n_
Seven-rayed star (on Turkish flag), 147 _n_
Shairetana (Syrian people), 179
Shah and Shahanshah (derivation of the word), 210 _n_
Shak-ari (‘foe to the Shakas’), 226
Sham-fights, Roman, 249
Shapes of Ancient Egyptian Sword-blades, 161
— of cutting instruments, 132
— of Sword blades, 126
Shardana (Sardones), 175
Sharks’ teeth used to edge Swords, 49
Sharpened stake, 21
‘Shave-grass,’ 12
Shear-steel, 114 _n_
Sheeting (or plating) on wood, 55
Sheet (or plate) iron-work, Assyrian, 105
Shell-lac, 87 _n_
Shell of a Sword, 124
Shells as arrow-heads and adze-blades, 47
Shepherd-kings (Hyksos), 103, 173
‘Shepherd’s plaid’ in Central Africa, 269 _n_
Shield, Australian, 20
Shield-handles, 105
Shield of Achilles, 223
— of Ajax, 222
— of Hercules, 222
— with concentric rings (British), 276
Shield-umbo, 248
Shields as heraldic badges, 40 _n_
— Hittite, 175
Shinar, Plain of, 199
Shotel (Abyssinian Sword), 163
Shoulder-belts of gold (Mycenæ), 228, 231
Shovel-shaped base of spear, 170
Sica (short Sword: Roman), 252
Sicarii, 185
Sicarius (‘assassin’), 252 _n_
Sicily (derivation of the name), 252 _n_
Sickle of chalcos, 55 _n_
Sickle-Sword (Ancient Egypt), 155, 161
Sickle-throwing (in the Roman Campagna), 19
Sickles used as weapons, 95;
of iron, 100
Sicula (= English ‘sickle’), 252 _n_
Sideros indikos, 108
Siderite (loadstone), 101
Σιδηρίτις λίθος (magnet), 101
Σίδηρος (wrought iron), Hellenic, 221;
etymology of the word, 221 _n_
— ἐργασμένος (worked iron of Aristotle), 107
Signa, in Ancient Roman army, 246 _n_
Signet-ring in Nimrúd’s palace, 105
Sigurd’s Sword, 95
Silepe (Basuto weapon), 94
Sih-tárah (Persian lyre), 187 _n_
Silex, 1 _n_;
Silex religiosa, _ib._
Silex arrow-heads, 102 _n_
Silex-flake knives, Hebrew, 184
Silex-flake ‘Swords,’ 45
Silk-spinning in Ancient Egypt, 148
Silver and lead in Spain, 107
— coinage at Ægina, 194 _n_
— dagger, Cyprian, 189
— in Ancient Egypt, 151
— in Midian, 151
— its representation in Egyptian hieroglyphs, 69
— lead, 88
— mines (ancient) of Peru, 67 _n_
_Siluri_ (Welsen), 29
Siljukian monsters, 176
Simiads (use of missiles by), 2
Sindi (Gypsies), 76
Singhauta (horn dagger), 11
Single-grooved claymore, 132
Single-stick among the Ancient Hindús, 215
Sinties (Sinti or Saii), 74, 76
Sion, iron Sword discovered at, 197
Sívají (Prince of Maráthá-land), 8
Skeyne (Irish _scjan_), 27
— (Sword), 123
Skull-cap (namms), Ancient Egyptian, 204
Slav (or German) Sword, 263
Sling-bullet of iron, 191
Slingers, Hittite, 175
— in Ancient Egyptian army, 154
Slings (various kinds), 19, 49
Small handles of bronze Swords, 264 _n_
Small-Sword, 123, 135
Smelting, 65, 88
Smith (derivation of the word), 77
Snake (sacred), 1 _n_
Socketed celt (Yorkshire), 276
Socotrine Aloe, 6
‘Solar myth,’ 191 _n_
Solder (ancient), 85 _n_
Soldered blades at Mycenæ, 233
Soldering among the Ancient Greeks, 221
Soldering in Ancient Egypt, 151
Soldiers’ headdresses, Assyrian, 203
Soldier’s position in Hellas, 241
Soleret (boot; 16th century), 175
Solid scabbard of metal (German), 272
Solomon Islands (nondescript weapon used in), 12 _n_
Solomon’s Temple, 182
— Temple (the ‘brass’ in), 56
Soma (_Asclepias gigantea_), 202 _n_
Somal, 259
Source of bronze in Great Britain, 275
South American lasso, 210 _n_
Southern Italians (modern), 270 _n_
Sow-metal, 107
Spade, 20
Spalling (method of treating ores), 65
Spanish (Ancient) Swords, 265
— bull-fights, 253
— Xiphos, 268
Spartan Sword-blade, 238
Sparth (= battle-axe: Chaucer), 235 _n_
Spata or Spatha, 123, 142, 156
Spatha of Schleswig, 272
— pennata, 267 _n_
— Roman, 258 _n_
Spathæ, Ancient British, 279
— of iron, German, 271
Spathe (= weaver’s lath), 235 _n_
Σπάτι (Romaic sabre: etymology of the word), 235 _n_
Spear, 20;
origin of, 31;
in Homer, 223
— and paddle combined, 40;
spears armed with flints, 48
Spear, favourite weapon of the Dark Continent, 162
Spear-head, Assyrian, 203
Spear: its name in various languages, 274
Spear of the ancient Germans, 270
Spearmen, Roman, 247
— Hittite, 176
Spectacula, Roman, 251
Specular iron (iron glance, oligiste), 107
Σπέρμα πυρός, 1
Spelter (copper and zinc), 84
Spetum (Spieclo or Spit), 95
Sphinxes, 176
Sphyraton (plate work), 221
Spiculum (Roman javelin), 246 _n_
Split-bone implements, 29
Split Swords, 142
Spodium, 86 _n_
Spur-edge (of a Sword), 138
Spud, 20
_Squalus centrina_ or _Spinax_, Linn., 9, 23
Squamata (Roman armour), 248 _n_
Stabbing Swords of copper, 72
Stag-horn axes, 27;
inserted in wooden truncheons, 49
‘Stahl-bronce’ = steel (_i.e._ hardened) bronze, 53 _n_
Stamped-clay literature (Assyrian), 201
Stan (Irish term for tin), 65
Standard-bearer (German), station of, 273
Standard-bearers, Assyrian, 203
Standards in Ancient Roman Army, 246 _n_
‘Standard Inscription,’ 55
Staple of Cyprus, 188
Star (derivation of the word), 221 _n_
Star-shaped weapon of copper, 68
Stasinus or Hegesias: his ‘Kypria,’ 221 _n_
Stater (gold coin) of Crœsus, 194 _n_
Staves of copper inlaid with figures, 68
Steam, motive power of, known to Ancient Egyptians, 148
‘Steel bronze,’ 53
Steel (Chinese) for Swords and knives, 115
— early known, 98
— in China, 113
— its representation in Egyptian hieroglyphs, 69
— processes of making, 117 _n_
— Swords, Roman, 256
— treated of by Aristotle, 106
— wheel (Chakrá; war-quoit), 39
St. George and the Dragon, 180 _sq._
‘Stickleback,’ (_Gasterosteus_), 10
Stick-sling, 19
Stiletto, 11
— Hindú, 215
— Italian (derivation of the word), 215 _n_
Stilettos, two-edged (Ancient Roman), 257
Sting-fish or adder-pike (_Trachinus vipera_), 11
Stoccado, 123
Stómoma (steel), 106, 109, 110
‘Stone Age,’ 22 _n_, 23 _n_
Stone anchors, 119 _n_
Stone-axe, 20 _n_
Stone-hatchets, 14 _n_
Stone spear-heads, 26;
implements, 30
Stone-splinters in wooden Swords, 47
Stone-tipped arrows (Ethiopian), 154 _n_
Stone-throwing, 7
Stone-weapons of the Romans, 21 _n_
Stones as weapons, 16 _sq._
Stork’s-head-shaped weapon, 37
Storm-caps of iron, 102
St. Michael, weapon of, 237
St. Paul and the Sicarii, 185
Stratagems (of Animals and Savages), 6
‘Straw-death’ (Scandinavian), 185
Stream-gold, 54
Stream-tin, 59, 78
String-sling, 19
Strokes or blows of various animals, 7
Stylus or Stilus, 15 _n_
Suardones (ancient German tribe), 271
Subligaculum (gladiatorial apron), 253
Succinum (amber), 87
Suffetes (Carthaginian magistrates), 181
Suit of Cypriote armour, 188
Suits of iron armour, 102
Sumir (= lower Babylonia), 104
Sumpitan (Borneo), 14 _n_
Sun-dial, discovery of the, 200 _n_
Sun, the, in Egyptian religion, 149
Superimposed settlements of Troy, 193
Superiority of the curved blade, 129
Supernumerarii (Roman soldiers), 245 _n_
Surface ironstone of Africa, 117, 119
‘Surgeon’ or lancet-fish (_Acanthurus_), 10
Suvóroff and his soldiers, 260 _n_
Svasti (Hittite symbol), 202 _n_
‘Svinfylking’ (Scandinavian tactical formation), 273
Swallowing Swords (by jugglers of old), 238
Swallow-tailed blades, 141
Swallow-wort (_Calatrapis gigantea_), 218
Swimming (two ways of), 40 _n_
Swamp tea-tree (_Melaleuca_), 40
SWORD—
Abyssinian Sword, 237
acinaces (Persian), 210 _sq._;
with golden ornaments, 212
Afghan Charay, 212
ancient Greek infantry Sword, 237
among the Barbarians, 262 _sqq._
— — Scythians, 226
Arjuna’s Sword, 217
as a weapon for point, 133
Asidevatá (‘Sword-god’: Hindú), 214
Assyrian fashion of carrying the Sword, 239
— Swords, 199, 204 _sq._
as the instrument of punishment in Persia, 211
blades of gold given _honoris causâ_, 212
blades, shapes of, 126
bronze swords of Italy, 264
— — (Scythian) in the Crimea, 227
Burmese Dalwel (fighting-Sword), 219
Carthaginian blades, 181
Celtiberian and Old Spanish Swords, 265
Ceretolo, Etruscan Sword found at, 196
Cilician, 211
cinctorium (Roman general’s Sword), 257
club-Sword (Assyrian), 204
cluden (juggler’s sword: Roman), 258
Cypriote Swords, 188
dagger-Swords, 204
Danish Swords, 236
definition of the weapon, 123
derivation of the word, 123 _n_
description of Roman Sword, 254 _sq._
double-bladed, 141
double Sword (Assyrian), 204
‘Dunner-Saxen’ (thunder-Sword), 272 _n_
edged with sharks’ teeth, 49
elephant-Sword, 216
ensis noricus, 263
ethnological view of Sword-distribution, 128
Etruscan Sword, 195 _sqq._
executioner’s, 139
‘falx supina’ of the Thracians, 253
fancy Sword (Assyrian), 204
‘ferrum,’ ‘gladius,’ ‘ensis,’ 254 _sq._
fist-Sword (stiletto: Hindú), 215
flesh-knife Sword (Egyptian), 212
forged by Hephaistos (in Aristophanes), 223 _n_
forked, 141
from Mithras group, 210
German or Slav Sword, 263
gladiators’ Swords, 252 _sq._
Greek fashion of carrying the Sword, 239
Hercules’ Sword, 222
hereba-blade, 181
Hittite, 175
in Ancient Rome, 247 _sqq._
in Britain, 275 _sqq._
in Greek literature, 242
in Homer, 222
in India, 213 _sqq._
in Moslem Africa, 162
in Persia, 209 _sqq._
in relief (Persepolis sculptures), 210
in the Dark Continent, 162, 166
in Troas, 193
its parts described, 124 _sq._
Khadga, As, or Asi (Hindú Sword), 214, 216
Keltic Sword, 272
length of Ancient Greek Swords, 237
Marzabotto blade, the, 195
Mayence Sword, 255
maushtika (fist-Sword; stiletto: Hindú), 215
Mohammed’s, 141
names for the Sword in Homer, 222
of Alexander the Great, 188
of Ancient Illyria, 262
of bronze, 78 _n_, 82
of copper, 57, 72;
copper and zinc, 84
of copper (Cimbrian), 274
of Goliath, 184
of Greek cavalry, 248
of iron (of the Celtiberians), 107
of iron discovered at Sion, 197
of iron in Ancient Germany, 270
of iron-wood and obsidian, 49
of Isernia, 197
of Jeanne d’Arc, 184 _n_
of justice, 139
of Misanello, 195 _n_
of Perseus (Ἅρπη), 180
of Scandinavian Goths, 274
of scymitar shape, 133
of Sigurd, 95
of the Alanni, 262 _sq._
of the Alemanni (Germani), 270 _sq._
of the Ancient Egyptian army, 155
of the Ancient Hebrews, 182, 184
of the Bosnians, 262
of the Cherubim (Eden), 183
of the Cimbrians, 274
of the Dacians, 262
of the Danes, 274
of the Early Bronze Age, 96
of the Fenni, 274
of the Gold Coast, 167
of the Irish, 276
of the Keltic Gauls, 266
of the King of Dahome, 167
of the Lemovii (Pomerania), 274
of the Ligures, 265
of the Lycians, 182
of the Phœnicians, 179, 181
of the Rebo (Syria), 179
of the Rugii (Baltic), 274
of the Ruthens (Syria), 179
of the Scotti, 279
of the Shairetana (Syria), 179
of the Thracians, 262
of the Tokkari (Syria), 179
of the Welsh, 279
of Tiberius, 258
of Vandals, 274
of Victor Emmanuel, 257 _n_
of Vul-nirari I. (Assyrian), 208
of wood, 31;
palm-wood, 43
of wood and stone combined, 47
of wood with stone edges, 49
on Italian (ancient) coins, 264, 268
ornamented with alloys, 83
Persian Swordlet (περσικὸν ξιφίδιον), 211
royal Swords (Assyrian), 205 _sq._
‘rudis’ (rod or wooden Sword), 250
Samnite Sword, 253
Sa-pa-ra (Assyria), 204
Saul’s Sword, 185
scythe-shaped, 72, 95
sections of Sword-blades, 131
Spanish Xiphos, 268
swallowing Swords (by jugglers of old), 238
swallow-tailed or forked, 141
Sword and the Dove (Assyrian emblem), 184
Swords found at Mycenæ, 228 _sqq._
Swords found in ancient cemetery at Hallstadt, 262
‘Sword of God’ (Jeremiah), 185
Thracian Swords, 222 _sq._
with blades like Aries (astronomical sign), 141
with iron blades (Roman), 258
with saw blade, 51
with wood- and horn-points, 49
women (Hindú) instructed in the use of the Sword, 215
wooden Swords in sham-fights (Roman), 249
zacco-Sword of Emperor Leo, 272 _n_
Sword and spear of copper or bronze (Theseus’), 105
Swords and Sword-handles in Nimrúd’s palace, 105
Sword-bayonet, Enfield, 134 _n_
Sword-belt and scabbard of Darius, 212
Sword-belts, Assyrian, 206
Sword-blades of copper, 72
Sword-breakers, 138
Sword-cutlers, Hebrew, 185
Sword-dagger, two-edged, 184
Sword-daggers (Ancient Egyptian), 159, 161
Sword-dance, 163, 165
Sword-distribution, ethnological view of, 128
Sword-exercise among the Ancient Greeks, 240
Sword-fish (_Xyphias_), 11;
its horn as a spear-head, 24
‘Sword-grass,’ 12
Sword-knife (Kukkri), 39;
of Ashanti, 167
Sword-like weapon of Borneo, 112
Sword-play of North Africa, 163
Sword-makers, 77
Sword-metal, Hindú trial of, 110 _n_
Sword-pommels at Mycenæ, 231, 233
‘Sword-side’ relationship, 188 _n_
Swordsmen of old, famous, 240 _n_
Syenite (hieroglyphics engraved on), 53
Syllogistic puzzle of Eubulides, 97 _n_
Syphilis, traces of, in prehistoric bones, 150
Syria (etymology of the word), 177
Syrian terebinth, 257
Tabáshir (silicious bark of bamboo), 31
Tabernacle, the Jewish (whence imitated), 150
Table of alloys in common use, 83 _sq._
Table of archaic names of metals, 122
Tacapé (paddle), 42
Tac et taille (cut-and-thrust), 126
Tactical formation of Ancient Germans, 273
Tactics in Ancient Greece, 241
Talaria, 1
Talismans (Chinese) of copper, 64
Talwar (Hindustan sabre), 131 _sq._
Tamarana (paddle), 42
Tamarang (Australian parrying-shield), 38
Tammaraka (sacred rattle; Brazilian Tupis), 151