JOURNALISM. WRITING. ADVERTISING. ART. HANDICRAFTS. DESIGNING.
PHOTOGRAPHY. ARCHITECTURE. LANDSCAPE GARDENING.
HOUSE DECORATING AND FURNISHING. MUSIC. ACTING. DANCING.
Many girls who have definite gifts are specially interested in the
occupations described in this chapter. As a rule, the girl with a decided
talent has no difficulty in choosing the employment which she wishes to
follow. But she sometimes is in doubt as to whether her ability is
sufficiently great to justify her in choosing an art rather than a
handicraft, or an art rather than a profession, or whether her gift should
not be used in a directly practical business pursuit. One of the purposes
of "The Canadian Girl at Work" is to teach the work of whatever kind may
be interesting, and that the standing of the worker depends on the skill
and perfection with which the work is done. Good art is found in many forms,
but never except as the result of work, devotion and a gift. If the girl,
in any artistic employment, helps to make the ordinary surroundings of
everyday life more beautiful and more suitable she is using her gifts to
advantage.
The girl who wants to write may find a suitable and enjoyable field in
journalism. Some instruction in journalism is given in colleges, more
often in connection with college papers than in any other way. But the
usual method by which a girl is taught journalism is by working on the
staff of a newspaper. Such positions are not easily found. Application
may be made at newspaper offices for a regular position when one becomes
vacant. While she is waiting to obtain regular work, the girl may write
special articles and submit them for publication. We may take for granted
that she enjoys writing, but she should be able to choose subjects on
which to write. One of the first questions that an applicant for newspaper
work is likely to ask is: "What shall I write about?" This question the
writer must learn to answer for herself. She should know what is
interesting and worth writing about. The journalist, besides enjoying
writing and having some gift of expression, should be keenly interested in
people, and should have enthusiasm for her work. The hours are long and
the rate of payment not particularly high, but the true journalist is
always in love with her work. Positions for women on newspapers are varied
in character. Some women are general reporters and take assignments from
the city editor. Others are in charge of a woman's page and may have one
assistant or more than one, working under their direction. Some are special
writers, covering a certain amount of general work and having a specialty
in addition, such as music and drama, book reviewing, a page for children,
fashions, market reports for women, and so on. An assistant on a woman's
page may begin at ten dollars a week, and as her work increases in value
she may receive twelve, fifteen or eighteen dollars a week. The woman
journalist in charge of a woman's page is paid as a rule from twenty to
thirty-five or forty dollars a week. Few women journalists are paid larger
sums.
A number of other positions are held by women in connection with weekly
newspapers, magazines and publishing offices. Salaries vary all the way
from ten or twelve to thirty or forty dollars a week. The average salary
for the woman journalist who has proved her ability is in the neighbourhood
of twenty-five dollars a week. Many newspapers and some printing offices
employ girls as copy holders. These girls begin at a weekly wage of seven,
eight or nine dollars, and when they become expert, receive higher wages.
The best paid positions for women proof readers are held by those who have
proved their ability to compete with men expert in the trade. Women proof
readers belong to the men's union and their wages are the same as those
received by men.
An employment which is becoming more important for women journalists and
writers is the writing of advertisements. Much advertising is addressed
almost exclusively to women and women have proved that they can do work
of this description to great advantage. Salaries are high as compared with
salaries in other women's employments. The work is difficult and requires
a distinct gift, besides a knowledge of how to write and of what is being
written about. The woman who is doing advertising writing needs accurate
knowledge of a number of special fields, such as fashions, the history of
costume, period furniture, and so on.
Work for the girl who is gifted with an unusually fine sense of colour
and form is developing rapidly. To be a painter, a woman should have an
outstanding gift, and it is generally necessary for her to have an
independent, or at least a supplementary, income. Many young women
painters add to their income by teaching, and girls who live at home are
able to continue the study of painting for their own pleasure and in part
for an additional income. The training of a painter is long and costly,
and while the gifted girl has happiness in her work, the occupation of an
artist is exacting, although it may not seem so to the public. Girls with
artistic gifts may find employment in illustrating, designing, bookbinding,
handwrought jewelry, woodcarving, embroidery, and in weaving from original
designs. The girl who is attracted to photography may obtain instruction
in a photographer's studio, but the artistic photographer will have to
depend largely on herself in developing the possibilities of her work.
A number of women have achieved success in artistic photography.
To work successfully in any of these occupations, the artist must be
trained and should have special gifts. Training is obtained partly in
schools, partly in studios at home and abroad, and from working with
other artists. Some of these artistic occupations pay well; in others
payment is variable and more or less uncertain.
The woman architect needs a special gift and should be trained as
thoroughly as possible in draughtsmanship. Her next step should be to
obtain a place as draughtswoman or general assistant in an architect's
office. Promotion afterwards will depend largely on individual ability.
Architecture and houseplanning are fields of work not yet occupied to any
large extent by women. Girls with gifts for work of this character should
be encouraged to enter these occupations, provided they have perseverance.
It is always difficult to enter a new field, but a few women are already
successful architects, and the advantages which should be possessed by
women in designing houses are obvious. When a woman plans a house she
considers it from the standpoint of a home and takes into consideration
the nature of the people who are to live in the house and also the kind
of work they will do both in the home and in the outside world.
Landscape gardening has, as yet, been developed little in Canada. There
are, however, a few establishments carrying on such work and in one or
more a woman is a partner.
House decorating and house furnishing have also been entered on as
professional occupations by women. House furnishing in particular offers
a promising field for girls with the necessary training and endowment.
Many girls have ability for this work, and as the employment is being
developed commercially, the opportunities for girls in house furnishing
should increase with some rapidity.
Payment in all these fields of artistic work depends not only on the
ability and skill of the worker, but in particular on the degree in which
the products of her art are planned to meet the needs and desires of a
large public. The individual worker who expects her work to find its own
public is far less likely to have a steady income than the worker who is
employed by some large firm. If the artist or the worker in handicrafts
feels that she must work alone, or if she works better by herself, then
she should have either an independent income or an alternative occupation;
otherwise she will need a well-developed business sense in order to handle
the products of her skill to the best advantage financially.
In music, the gifted girl may be a teacher, or may appear in public as a
player or singer, or she may combine teaching with public appearances.
Teaching music has been systematized to a marked extent. Many young
musicians who teach are engaged on the staff of the conservatory or
academy where they obtained their instruction. Musicians who appear in
public generally possess, along with musical ability, a more or less
impressive personality. A number of teachers who have made a decided
success are in receipt of good incomes. A performer or singer needs to
have unusual ability to earn a large income. Women musicians not
infrequently make fine accompanists and may devote themselves to this
branch of their art. In general, what has been said of the remuneration
in other arts applies to music. But the systematizing of the teaching of
music by institutions has a tendency to steady the income of the music
teacher. Training of the best kind is long and costly, but any other kind
is unsatisfactory.
In order to attain standing as a professional actress a young girl should
have special physical training, voice culture and a broad literary
education. She should know something of singing and dancing, and she should
learn how to walk well and how to speak correctly and impressively. Part of
this training may be obtained at schools of dramatic expression which are
often connected with conservatories of music. The people of the stage work
harder than the average trained or untrained worker. Their hours are longer
and they endure more discomforts. There are few spectacular successes, and
still fewer genuine reputations for genius in dramatic interpretation.
Seasonal unemployment is prevalent in this occupation. Salaries seem to be
large, but very few are large in reality. If we reckon the number of weeks
throughout the year during which payment is received, it appears that few
actresses earn a good income. A young woman of decided gifts may become an
individual entertainer.
Dancing has recently come more into favour as an occupation, regarded
both as giving physical training for health and as an art. The teaching
of art dancing is undertaken by some conservatories of music and also by
individual teachers.
All work of an artistic character requires an endowment of imagination,
sympathy, insight, and artistic ability. The artistic worker gives a great
deal, and does not enjoy or suffer temperately. It is impossible to do
good work unless the whole being is thrown into the effort. Unless the
artist possesses financial, as well as artistic, ability, the pecuniary
reward is likely to be uncertain. But the individual with decided gifts
rightly is dissatisfied in any other occupation.