Two or more nouns or pronouns signifying the same person or thing, are
put, by _apposition_, in the same case; as, "_Cicero_, the great
_orator, philosopher_, and _statesman_ of Rome, was murdered by Antony."
_Apposition_, in a grammatical sense, means something added, or names
added, in order more fully to define or illustrate the sense of the
first name mentioned.
You perceive that _Cicero_, in the preceding example, is merely the
proper name of a man; but when I give him the three additional
appellations, and call him a great _orator, philosopher_, and
_statesman_, you understand what kind of a man he was; that is, by
giving him these three additional names, his character and abilities as
a man are more fully made known. And, surely, you cannot be at a loss to
know that these four nouns must be in the same case, for they are all
names given to the same person; therefore, if _Cicero_ was murdered, the
_orator_ was murdered, and the _philosopher_ was murdered, and the
_statesman_ was murdered, because they all mean one and the same person.
Nouns and pronouns in the objective case, are frequently in
_apposition_; as, He struck _Charles_ the _student_. Now it is obvious,
that, when he struck _Charles_, he struck the _student_, because Charles
was the _student_, and the _student_ was _Charles_; therefore the noun
_student_ is in the objective case, governed by "struck," and put by
apposition with Charles, according to RULE 7.
Please to examine this lecture very attentively. You will then be
prepared to parse the following examples correctly and systematically.