_Regular Verbs of the First Conjugation._ [See VENERONI’S GRAMMAR, page
88.]
I love, thou acquirest, he respects, we salute, you speak, ye pass,
am-áre acquist-áre rispett-áre salut-áre parl-áre pass-áre
they walk.
spasseggi-áre.
I did call, thou didst prattle, he did command, we did begin,
chiam-áre ciarl-áre comand-áre cominci-áre
you did buy, they did confess.
compr-áre confess-áre.
I confirmed, thou didst deliver, he preserved, we considered,
conferm-áre consegn-áre preserv-áre consider-áre
you advised, they contended.
consigli-áre contrast-áre.
I have declined, thou hast courted, he has cured, we have crowned,
declin-áre corteggi-áre cur-áre coron-áre
you have dedicated, they have supped.
[1]dedic-áre cen-áre.
I had wished, thou hadst declared, he had dispensed,
desider-áre dichiar-áre dispens-áre
we had assembled, you had undeceived, they had wasted.
radun-áre disingann-áre scialacqu-áre.
I will expect, thou shalt arrive, he will assault, we will assure,
aspett-áre arriv-áre assalt-áre assicur-áre
you will wish, they shall increase.
augur-áre aument-áre.
Dance, let him change, let us walk, sing ye, let them certify.
ball-áre cambi-áre passeggi-áre cant-áre [2]certific-áre.
That I may fast, that thou mayest besiege, that he may ride,
digiun-áre assedi-áre [2]cavalc-áre
that we may punish, that you may pass, that they may cause.
[2]castig-áre pass-áre cagion-áre.
That I might caress, that thou mightest burn, that he might stoop,
accarezz-áre abbruci-áre [2]abbass-ársi
that we might accept, that you might embrace, that they might mend.
accett-áre abbracci-áre accomod-áre.
I should accompany, thou shouldst accuse, he should baptize,
accompagn-áre accus-áre battezz-áre
we should mistrust, you should venture, they should administer.
[3]diffid-ársi [2]arrisic-áre amministr-áre.
That I may have lamented, that thou mayest have invented,
lament-áre invent-áre
that he may have governed, that we may have tamed,
govern-áre addimestic-áre
that you may have asked, that they may have experienced.
domand-áre speriment-áre.
That I might have formed, that thou mightest have taken away,
form-áre lev-áre
that he might have sent, that we might have prepared,
mand-áre prepar-áre
that you might have deprived, that they might have resembled.
priv-áre rassomigli-áre.
I should have prolonged, thou shouldst have tried,
[2]prolung-áre prov-áre
he should have remedied, we should have refused,
rimedi-áre rifiut-áre
you should have carried back again, they should have prayed.
riport-áre [2]preg-áre.
I shall or will have warmed, thou shalt have transferred,
riscald-áre trasport-áre
he shall have judged, we shall have fortified,
[4]giudic-áre [4]fortific-áre
you shall have inflamed, they shall have failed.
infiamm-áre [4]manc-áre.
[1] Verbs ending in _care_ and _gare_, introduce _h_ before _e_ and
_i_: wherefore, you must here write _certifichino_, not _certificino_.
See _Veneroni’s Grammar_, page 92.
[2] See _Gram._ p. 92.
[3] _Abbassarsi_ is for _abbassare-si_, see _Gram._ p. 148.
[4] See page 92.
_Regular Verbs of the Second Conjugation._ [See GRAMMAR, p. 95.]
I believe, thou receivest, he sees, we repeat, you beat, they drink.
créd-ere ricév-ere ved-ére ripét-ere bátt-ere bév-ere.
I did yield up, thou didst owe, he did cleave, we did groan,
céd-ere dov-ére fénd-ere gém-ere
you did feed, they did hang up.
pásc-ere appénd-ere.
I enjoyed, thou pressedst, he reaped, we shone, you repeated,
god-ére prém-ere miét-ere rilúc-ere ripét-ere
they sat down.
sed-ére.
I have sold, thou hast crept along, he has shrieked, we have feared,
vénd-ere sérp-ere stríd-ere tem-ére
you have beaten, they have received.
bátt-ere ricév-ere.
_The following Verbs of the Second Conjugation are irregular._ [See
GRAM. p. 111.]
I had fallen, thou hadst pleased, he had held, we had grieved,
[1]cad-ére piac-ére ten-ére [1][2]dol-érsi
you had appeared, they had pleased.
par-ére piac-ére.
I shall or will persuade, thou shalt lie down, he shall be able,
persuad-ére giac-ére pot-ére
we shall remain, you shall know, they shall be accustomed.
riman-ére sap-ére [1][3]sol-ére.
Be silent, let him see, let us hold, be ye pleased,
tac-ére ved-ére ten-ére compiac-érsi
let them fall again.
ricad-ére.
That I may have, that thou mayest owe, that he may fall,
avére dov-ére cad-ére
that we may lie down, that you may be able, that they may grieve.
giac-ére pot-ére dol-érsi.
That I might appear, that thou mightest lie down, that he might please,
par-ére giac-ére piac-ére
that we might persuade, that you might be able, that they might know.
persuad-ére pot-ére sap-ére.
I should be silent, thou shouldst be accustomed, he should be worth,
tac-ére [4]sol-ére val-ére
we should hold, you should see, they should be willing.
ten-ére ved-ére vol-ére.
For a full conjugation of all the verbs in _ere_, see VENERONI’S
GRAMMAR, p. 95.
[1] Combined with _essere_ and not _avere_, in the compound tenses.
[2] See page 148.
[3] See page 122.
[4] With _essere_.
_Regular Verbs of the Third Conjugation._ [See GRAMMAR, p. 102.]
I hear, thou followest, he opens, we boil, you consent, they convert.
sent-íre segu-íre apr-íre boll-íre consent-íre convert-íre.
I did cover, thou didst sow, he did sleep, we did fly, you did lie,
[1]copr-íre cuc-íre dorm-íre fugg-íre ment-íre
they did die.
[1]mor-íre.
I departed, thou didst suffer, he repented, we ascended, you served,
part-íre [1]soffr-íre pent-írsi sal-íre serv-íre
they went out.
sort-íre.
I have dressed, thou hast heard, he has consented, we have slept,
vest-íre ud-íre consent-íre dorm-íre
you have covered, they have boiled.
copr-íre boll-íre.
[1] _Coprire_, _morire_, and _soffrire_, though regular in every other
respect, make in the participle passive, _coperto_, _morto_, and
_soferto_.
_The following Verbs in ire are irregular._[1] [See VENERONI’S GRAMMAR,
p. 144.]
I had appeared, thou hadst uttered, he had buried, we had dared,
compar-íre profer-íre seppell-íre ard-íre
you had abolished, they had understood.
abol-íre cap-íre.
I shall or will abhor, thou shalt enrich, he shall blush,
abbor-íre arricch-íre arross-íre
we shall banish, you shall whiten, they shall pity.
band-íre bianch-íre compat-íre.
Conceive thou, let him digest, let us finish, approve ye,
concep-íre diger-íre fin-íre grad-íre
let them bloom.
fior-íre.
That I may suffer, that thou mayest grow mad, that he may languish,
pat-íre impazz-íre langu-íre
that we may dispatch, that you may unite, that they may obey.
sped-íre un-íre obbed-íre.
That I might colour, that thou mightest flourish, that he might sharpen,
color-íre fior-íre inacerb-íre
that we might animate, that you might harden, that they might bellow.
anim-áre indur-íre mugg-íre.
I would strike, thou wouldst banish, he would abhor, we would abolish,
colp-íre band-íre abborr-íre abbol-íre
you would enrich, they would comprehend.
arricch-íre cap-íre.
For the formation of compound tenses, see VENERONI’S GRAMMAR, p. 77,
82, and 88.
[1] They make _isco_ in the present and corresponding tenses; as
_comparisco_, _proferisco_, &c. instead of _comparo_, _profero_, &c.
_Other Verbs of the Second Conjugation that are irregular only in some
Tenses and Persons._ [See GRAMMAR, p. 125, and the following.]
I belong, thou kindlest, he takes, we perceive, you kill, they burn.
apparten-ére accénd-ere prénd-ere accorg-érsi uccíd-ere árd-ere.
I did hide, thou didst oppress, he did sprinkle, we did divide,
nascónd-ere opprím-ere aspérg-ere divíd-ere
you did absolve, they did absorb.
assólv-ere assórb-ere.
I assumed, thou offeredst, he demanded, we plucked up, you shut,
[1]assúm-ere porg-ere richiéd-ere divell-ere chiud-ere
they engraved.
incid-ere.
I have granted, thou hast run, he has decided, we have believed,
conced-ere corr-ere decid-ere cred-ere
you have boiled, they have decided.
cuoc-ere decid-ere.
I had deluded, thou hadst oppressed, he had defended, we had expressed,
delud-ere opprim-ere difend-ere esprim-ere
you had sprinkled, they had known.
asperg-ere sap-ére.
I shall, or will grieve, thou shalt erect, he shall exclude,
dol-érsi erg-ere esclud-ere
we shall require, you shall expel, they shall extinguish.
esig-ere espell-ere estingu-ere.
Melt thou, let him drive in, let us feign, break ye, let them reflect.
fond-ere figg-ere fing-ere frang-ere riflett-ere.
That I may lie down, that thou mayest fry, that he may join,
giac-ére frigg-ere giung-ere
that she may imprint, that we may hang up, that you may see,
imprim-ere append-ere ved-ére
that they may include.
includ-ere.
That I might soak, that thou mightest intrude, that he might read,
intrid-ere intrud-ere legg-ere
that we might put, that you might bite, that they might plunge.
mett-ere mord-ere immerg-ere.
I would move, thou wouldst milk, he would conceal, we would neglect,
muov-ere mung-ere nascond-ere neglig-ere
you would foresee, they would hurt (morally).
preved-ére nuoc-ere.
That I may have offended, that thou mayest have oppressed,
offend-ere opprim-ere
that he may have struck, that we may have lost,
percuot-ere perd-ere
that you may have pleased, that they may have wept.
piac-ére piang-ere.
That I might have painted, that thou mightest have presented,
diping-ere porg-ere
that he might have curtailed, that we might have taken,
precid-ere prend-ere
that you might have presumed, that they might have protected.
presum-ere protegg-ere.
I should have sat down, thou shouldest have returned,
sed-ére rend-ere
he should have reduced, we should have laughed,
ridur-re rid-ere
you should have answered, they should have suspended.
rispond-ere sospend-ere.
When I shall have scattered, thou shalt have shaken, he shall have risen,
sparg-ere scuot-ere sorg-ere
we shall have killed, you shall have conquered, they shall have lived.
uccid-ere vinc-ere viv-ere.
[1] Let it be remarked that, in all the following verbs in _ere_,
not accentuated, the accent is on the antepenultima; as _pórgere_,
_richiédere_, &c.
_On the RULES of the ITALIAN SYNTAX, with References to VENERONI’S
Grammar._
_On the ORDER of WORDS._ [See GRAM. p. 196.]
I write three hours every day.
scrívere tre [1]ora ogni [2]giôrno.
Thou art too troublesome to my friends.
éssere [3]troppo molésto amíco.
He speaks like a Roman orator.
parláre come Románo [4]oratóre.
We go out of town every Spring.
andáre fuóri [5]città ogni primavéra.
You shew your probity very plainly.
mostráre probità molto [6]chiaraménte.
They think it is very fine weather [7]to walk out.
pensáre [8]fare [9]bello tempo spasseggiáre.
I was extremely glad to see him again.
[10]rallegrársi estremaménte rivedére.
Thou wert generously rewarded.
essere generosaménte ricompensáre.
He bought many things to send abroad.
compráre molto cosa mandáre fuóri del paese.
We encouraged all arts and trades.
incoraggire [11]tutto arte mestiére.
You baffled their wicked designs.
sconcertáre scelleráto diségno.
They tempted our faithful subjects.
tentáre fedéle suddito.
I have enriched his numerous family.
avére arricchíre [12]numeróso famíglia.
Thou hast many accounts to settle.
molto conto regoláre.
He has renewed his promises to us.
rinnováre proméssa
We have seen the chief curiosities.
vedére principále curiosità.
You have examined them carefully.
esamináre attentaménte.
They have declared their last will.
dichiaráre último volontà.
I had resolved to get rid of them.
[13]risólversi disfársi
Thou hadst determined to say it plainly.
determináre dire schiettaménte.
He had fixed on that sort of diversion.
fissáre quello sorta divertiménto.
We had sworn to love each other eternally.
giuráre amársi eternaménte.
You had forsaken his acquaintance.
abbandonáre conoscénza.
They had implored the king’s clemency.
imploráre Re cleménza.
I shall ever commend prudent people.
sempre lodáre prudente gente.
Thou shalt publish this news every where.
spárgere nuóva da per tutto.
He will return from France next week.
ritornáre Fráncia próssimo settimána.
We shall travel day and night till we arrive.
viaggiáre giórno e notte finchè [14]arriváre.
You will do yourself immortal honor.
fare immortále onóre.
They will disgrace their noble family.
disonoráre nóbile famíglia.
Bring me that bottle and a glass.
[15]portáre bottiglia bicchiére.
Let him gather all his things, and then go.
radunáre tutto roba poi andáre.
Let us walk in the garden before dinner.
spasseggiáre [16]giardíno avánti pranzo.
Go and meet all our friends on the road.
andáre incontráre tutto amíco sulla strada.
Let them answer all my questions.
[17]rispóndere dománda.
[1] Nouns ending in _a_, make the plural in _e_. Ex. _ora_, plur. _ore_.
[2] Those in _o_, make the plural in _i_, _giorno_, _giorni_.
[3] It is a general rule, that all words of two syllables have the
first long (except those whose last syllable takes a grave accent),
therefore such words need not hereafter be accentuated.
[4] Subst. in _e_, make _i_ in the plural, _oratore_, _oratori_.
[5] See _Gram._ p. 44, on words in _tà_ indeclinable.
[6] See _Gram._ p. 158, on the formation of adverbs out of adjectives.
[7] _To_, must be translated by the word _per_.
[8] _Che fa_, as in French, _qu’il fait_.
[9] _Bello_ loses its last syllable, and makes _bel_. See _Gram._ p. 56.
[10] See _Gram._ p. 147, on reciprocal verbs.
[11] See the declension of _tutto_, _Gram._ p. 73.
[12] See _Gram._ p. 53, on adjectives ending in _o_.
[13] _Risólvere_ makes in the part. passive _risolúto_.
[14] Must be the future tense.
[15] See _Gram._ p. 205.
[16] See the rules on the preposition _nello_, _nella_, p. 42.
[17] _Rispondere_ governs the dative case of the thing.
_On the Articles lo, la, li, le, gli._ [See VENERONI’S GRAMMAR, p. 35,
and 200.]
The study of belles lettres has always been recommended
[1]studio belle léttere [2]éssere sempre stato raccomandáre
to the youth of both sexes.
[3]gioventù ambedúe sesso.
Great events and revolutions followed the death of Cæsar.
grande evénto rivoluzióne seguíre morte Césare.
The fear of torments made him fly his country.
timóre torménto fare fuggíre pátria.
Poland was for many years the seat of domestic divisions.
Polónia éssere per molto anno seggio doméstico divisióne.
Portugal is a despotic kingdom. Avarice is despicable.
Portogállo despótico regno. Avarízia sprezzábile.
My lord the archbishop, visited all the clergy.
signór arcivéscovo visitáre clero.
My lord the president, decreed it in his behalf.
[4]signór presidénte decretáre favóre.
Madam the countess has ordered it.
signóra contéssa comandáre.
The gentlemen are not yet come to see us.
signóri éssere ancóra veníre vedére.
Women are very fair in the northern countries.
donna molto bióndo settentrionále paése.
[1] _Lo_ before nouns beginning with an _s_, and followed by another
consonant. See _Gram._ p. 36.
[2] _Essere_ instead of _avere_. See p. 84.
[3] Words in _ù_ are indeclinable. See p. 50.
[4] The article _il_ must be put before _signore_: except before
ecclesiastical titles, when we must say _Monsignor_.
_The English particle to, before infinitives, is sometimes rendered in
Italian by the Article il or lo._ [See VENERONI’S GRAMMAR, p. 200.]
It is forbidden to do evil.
éssere proibíre fare male.
It is not always convenient to speak the truth.
sempre convenévole dire verità.
It is permitted to a sick person to complain.
perméttere ammaláto [1]lamentársi.
It is not polite to interrupt any one who speaks.
civíle interrómpere uno che parláre.
It is right to correct boys while they are young.
giústo corréggere ragázzo mentre éssere gióvane.
It is a great satisfaction to people of feeling to hear that their
grande soddisfazióne sensíbile gente sentíre
friends are in perfect health.
amico éssere perfétto salúte.
It is a great pleasure to see brothers well united together; but it is a
gran piacére vedére fratéllo bene unito insiéme ma
great grief to see them disagree.
grande dispiacére vedére discórdia.
It is not always proper to correct children for the faults
sempre convenévole corréggere ragázzo fallo
they commit; but it is very necessary to make them sensible of them.
comméttere ma molto necessário fare accórgersi
It is easy to give advice, but difficult to execute.
fácile dare consíglio ma diffícile eseguíre.
It is easy to perceive you neglect your business.
accórgersi trascuráre affáre.
It was ever commendable to study languages.
sempre lodévole studiáre lingua.
[1] See _Veneroni’s Grammar_, p. 147, on reciprocal verbs.
_On the SYNTAX of NOUNS._
[See GRAMMAR, p, 201.]
A dutiful child is a great comfort to his parents.
obbediénte figliuólo grande consolazióne suo genitóre.
A good wife is an inestimable treasure.
buóno moglie inestimábile tesóro.
A diligent master instructs attentive scholars.
diligénte maéstro instruíre atténto scolaro.
A good action deserves great praise.
buóno azióne meritáre grande lóde.
A rash counsel is productive of fatal consequences.
inconsideráto consíglio è l’origine fatále conseguénza.
My father and mother are very compassionate.
padre[1] madre[1] éssere molto compassionévole.
Their brother and sister are industrious.
fratéllo sorélla industrióso.
Your house and garden are excessively beautiful.
casa giardíno eccessivamente bello.
My exercise and my lesson are difficult.
tema lezióne diffícile.
Our man-servant and our maid-servant are good, and therefore they
servitore serva buóno perciò
shall be rewarded.
saranno ricompénsati.
You, your master, and your mistress, have been civil[2] to me, and
padróne padróna éssere stato civíle
merit my greatest thanks.
meritáre[3] gránde ringraziaménto.
[1] An adjective with several substantives, must agree in gender with
that which is the most worthy, the masculine being accounted more
worthy than the feminine.
[2] Render it thus; towards me, _verso di me_.
[3] See _Gram._ p. 56, on superlatives.
_On COMPARATIVES._ [See GRAM. p. 53.]
France is larger and more powerful than Italy.
Fráncia grande poténte Itália.
Virgil wrote more than any other poet.
Virgílio scrívere qualúnque altro poéta[1].
Horace was much more satirical than Juvenal.
Orázio éssere satírico Giuvenale.
Your countrymen are much richer than mine.
vostro compatriótto [2]ricco mio.
This water is much clearer than crystal.
questo acqua chiáro cristállo.
Your sister’s hands are whiter than alabaster.
sorélla [3]mano [4]biánco alabástro.
The English are more studious than their neighbours.
Inglése studióso vicino.
Milton was much more learned than Dante.
Milton éssere dotto Dante.
The Russians behaved more bravely than the Turks.
Russo comportársi valorosaménte Turco.
Cicero was less happy than Diogenes.
Ciceróne felíce Diógene.
Lewis the Fourteenth was much less admired than Henry the Fourth.
Luígi décimo quarto ammiraré Enríco quarto.
London is far better paved than Paris.
Londra lastricáre Parígi.
Venice is much less populous than Naples.
Venézia popoláto Nápoli.
Lend me three thousand pounds for a month.
prestáre tre[5] mila lira per mese.
I have inherited five hundred guineas a year.
avére ereditáre cinque cento ghinea anno.
I have seven brothers and two sisters alive.
sette fratéllo due sorélla vivo.
The tenth of next month I will pay you.
diéci próssimo mese pagáre.
Judas was one of the twelve apostles.
Giúda éssere dódici apóstolo.
William the Third was a great conqueror.
Gugliélmo[6] terzo éssere grande conquistatóre.
Henry the Fourth of France was a matchless warrior.
Enríco quarto di Francia incomparábile guerriêro.
Pope Sixtus the Fifth was a great man.
Papa Sisto quinto grande uómo.
Your master has a fine country-house.
padróne avere[7] bello villa.
Your brother has six fine dapple-bay horses.
fratello sei bello bajo pomelláto cavállo.
Your uncle and aunt are my dear friends.
zio zia éssere caro amíco.
Our general was ever reputed a gallant man.
generále sempre riputáre valoróso uómo.
Solomon was a wise king.
Salomóne sávio re.
King George is a religious monarch.
Giórgio religióso monárca.
Nero was a wicked man.
Neróne cattívo uómo.
Crœsus was reckoned a rich prince.
Creso stimáre ricco príncipe.
The duke of Richmond has six fine grey horses.
duca Richmond sei bello[8] leárdo cavállo.
Spain is a hot country, but Germany is a very cold one.
Spagna caldo paése ma Germánia freddo paése.
Give me some cold water, and red wine.
dare freddo acqua rosso vino.
I like cold weather better than hot.
amáre freddo tempo caldo.
The English ladies are handsomer than the Italian.
Inglése signóra bella Italiána.
I always thought he was a troublesome man.
sempre crédere [9]incómodo uómo.
This poor man has crooked legs.
questo póvero uómo avére storto gamba.
Will you have a round hat or a cocked one?
avére rotóndo cappéllo od a tre pizzi?
There is a sickly man, methinks.
ammalatíccio uómo mi pare.
You are a thoughtful philosopher.
pensieróso filósofo.
The industrious are praised, but the slothful are despised.
[10]industrióso lodáre ma pigro sprezzáre.
The righteous find peace, but the wicked feel torment.
giústo trováre pace scelleráto sentíre torménto.
The covetous despise the poor, but the generous cherish them.
aváro sprezzare póvero ma generóso volére bene.
The merciful shall find mercy, but the cruel shall be punished.
misericordióso trovare pietà crudéle castigáre.
The wise man seeks wisdom, but the fool despises understanding.
sávio cercáre sapiénza stolto sprezzáre intendiménto.
Give me some bread, some wine, some butter, some cheese,
dare [11]del pane vino butírro cácio
some boiled beef, some mutton, some veal, some pork, some pie,
manzo alésso castráto vitéllo porco pastíccio
some fish, some mustard, some salt.
pesce mostárda sale.
Go and fetch me a bit of the white bread.
andáre a cercáre pezzo biánco pane.
Send to market to buy me ten pounds of fresh butter.[12]
mandáre mercáto compráre libbra fresco butírro.
Bring directly six pounds of black cherries.
portáre súbito sei libbra nero cerása.
Seven hundred of fresh walnuts, and five pounds of hazle nuts.
sette cento noce cinque nocciuóla.
Have you been at Paris? No, but I have been at Rouen: it is
éssere stato[13] No ma Roáno
a fine city. Did you see it?
bello città vedére
Did you give your brother the book I lent you?
dare[14] fratéllo libro prestáre
No, I gave it to my sister, and she will return it to you when she has
dare sorélla restituíre
read it.
léggere.
Did you tell your father I was in the country?
dire padre éssere campágna?
No, sir, but I told my mother, it is all one.
dire madre è l’istéssa cosa.
God demands the pureness of our hearts.
Iddío richiedere purità[15] cuóre.
We ought to die for the service of our princes.
dovére moríre servízio príncipe.
[1] See _Gram._ p. 45, on words ending in _a_ of the masc.
[2] Words ending in _cco_, take an _h_ in the plural, p. 49.
[3] _Mano_ is of the fem. gender.
[4] Such words as end in _co_, and _go_, take also an _h_ in the
plural. See _Gram._ p. 49.
[5] Nouns of number ought to be put before the substantive.
[6] Nouns of order must be after the substantive, when we speak of
ecclesiastical, or secular princes.
[7] Adjectives of quality must be put before substantives.
[8] Nouns of colours, elementary qualities, and of nations, must be put
after the substantive.
[9] The adjectives of condition, figure, and quantity, must be put
after substantives.
[10] Adjectives that have no substantives must be of the masculine
gender, because _man_ is always understood.
[11] When you ask for something without specifying the quantity of it,
use the article partitive, _del_, _della_, &c. See _Gram._ p. 210.
[12] You must use the article indefinite _di_, when you specify the
quantity of the thing.
[13] We put the indefinite article _a_ before the names of cities.
[14] Before the names of men and women, we use _al_, _alla_, _allo_,
_a_, &c.
[15] We use _de’_ before pronouns that are joined with substantives.
See _Veneroni’s Grammar_, p. 201.
CONSTRUCTION of ADJECTIVES.
_The Adjectives expressing desire, knowledge, remembrance, ignorance,
forgetting, care, fear, guilt, or any passion of the mind, require the
following Noun to be in the Genitive case._
Those who are desirous of honour, are studious of learning and of
quello éssere bramóso onóre studióso sciénza
good manners.
buóno costúme.
He who is not mindful of his own business, cannot be mindful of
badáre própio affáre non può badare
other people’s.
altro.
Thou and I are guilty of the same error.
colpévole stesso errore.
I am ignorant of the fact you mention.
ignoráre fatto mentionáre.
_Adjectives expressing plenty, or want, as poor, destitute, empty,
full, void, require the Genitive case after them._
He whose purse is empty of money, has a house empty of friends.
borsa vuóto danáro avére casa vuóto amíco.
The court which is full of flatterers, is pernicious to a prince, though
corte éssere piéno adulatóre pernizióso príncipe
he be rich in substance and loaded with honours.
ricco sostánza colmáre onóre.
A journey of twenty miles wearies a horse that is very hungry; for
viággio venti míglia stancáre cavállo fame perchè
while he is wanting food, he goes slowly.
mentre bramare di mangiare andáre lentamente.
Laziness has need of spurs.
pigrízia bisógno speróne.
_The Adjectives worthy, unworthy, adorned, encompassed, content, must
have a Genitive after them._
Those are unworthy of the glory of Heaven, who do not think virtue
éssere indégno glória Ciélo che crédere virtù
worthy of love, nor are contented with the pleasure it gives.
dégno amóre conténto piacére che dare.
A son endowed with excellent qualities rejoices his father, whose
figliuólo dotáto eccellénte qualità rallegráre padre
good example he imitates, whose commands he observes; he is never
buóno esempio imitáre comándo osserváre mai
in fear, for he provokes not his father’s anger; he is always mindful
paura perchè provocáre padre cóllera sempre attento
of his own duty, and is like a staff to his father’s old age.
al dovére è come bastóne padre vecchiája.
He who is endowed with fine qualities, and does not behave himself well,
quello dotáto bello qualità comportársi bene
is unworthy of men’s society.[1]
éssere indégno uómo società.
Those who are contented with their own condition, are worthy of the name
éssere conténto condizióne degno nome
of good Christians; but such are very rare.
buóno Cristiáno ma raro.
If the city of Naples were encompassed with walls, it would be
se città Nápoli circondáre muro éssere[2]
stronger than it is.
forte
England is adorned with the fairest ladies in the world.
Inghiltérra ornáre [3]belle signóra di questo mondo.
Our country is surrounded with the strongest bulwarks.
paése chiúdere [3]forte baluárdo.
Few people are satisfied with the lot that Providence has granted them.
poco gente soddisfáre sorte Providénza concédere.
[1] See _Gram._ p. 44, on words ending in _tà_.
[2] See _Veneroni’s Grammar_, p. 53, on comparatives.
[3] Ibid. p. 56, on superlatives.
Adjectives governing a Dative Case.
_Adjectives expressing submission, relation, pleasure, due, resistance,
difficulty, likeness, have the following Noun in the Dative case._
Virtue is pleasant to the righteous, and profitable to those who
[1]virtù piacévole giústo profittévole quello
love it.
che amáre.
Adoration is due to God, the King of all the world.
L’adorazione dovúto Dio [2]Re tutto mondo.
Honour is due to kings, because God has commanded us to be
onóre dovúto Re perchè avére comandáre éssere
obedient to them.
obbediénte
It is a lamentable thing to see some men of great abilities prone to
lamentévole cosa uómo gràn talénto dédito
wickedness.
vízio.
A man who suffers himself to be led by the corrupted pleasures of
uómo lasciársi allettáre corrótto piacére
this world, is not like a Christian.
quésto mondo símile Cristiáno.
Children are not always like their parents, they are sometimes quite
figliuólo sempre símile genitóre talvólta affátto
different from them.
differénte
My father is like my uncle as to his features, and the colour of his
padre somigliáre zio in quanto fattézza colóre
hair, but he is not like him in his manners.
[3]capéllo ma éssere costúme.
[1] Words in _ù_ are indeclinable. See _Gram._ p. 50.
[2] _Re_ is indeclinable.
[3] _Of his hair_, dei capelli _in plur. and without the possessive
pronoun_.
_On Superlative Degrees._ [See GRAM. p. 56.]
The most noble of all virtues is charity.
la più nóbile tutto virtù carità.
The most ingenious people are not always the most learned.
[1]più ingegnóso persone éssere sempre dotto.
The most pernicious of all crimes is slander, it ruins very often
pernizióso delítto calúnnia rovinare [2]spesso
the reputation of the most honest people; it puts discord between
riputazióne onésto gente méttere discórdia fra
the most intimate friends; in short, it is the most abominable
intrínseco amíco in somma abbominévole
crime in the world.
delítto mondo.
The best quality a man can have, is to be civil and obliging.
[3]buóno qualità uómo potére avére civíle cortése.
The best friend we can have is money.
amíco danáro.
The best soldiers in the world are sometimes conquered.
soldáto talvólta vincere.
Buy me the best grapes you see in town.
compráre uva vedére città.
The greatest men in the kingdom confess it.
gránde uómo regno confessáre.
The richest people are not the happiest.
ricco gente felíce.
The most virtuous women have been guilty of coquetry.
virtuóso donna éssere stato colpévole civettería.
We should pay a most particular attention to the moral conduct of our
[4]fare particoláre attenzióne morale condotta
children of both sexes.
figliuólo ambidúe sesso.
[1] _The most_ is rendered by _il più_, _la più_, _i più_, &c. See
_Gram._ p. 56.
[2] _Very often_ makes _spessissimo_.
[3] The superlative-comparative degree of _buono_ is _il migliore_. See
_Veneroni’s Grammar_, p. 54 and 56.
[4] _Pay_ is often turned by _fare_.