Athelstan commanded the West Saxons; Turketul, his heroic chancellor,
led the warriors of Mercia and London. Anlaf and his wild Northmen
opposed the King; Constantine, King of Scotland, confronted Turketul
with his Scots and Cumbrians.
At sunrise the war-smiths fell to, with sleet of arrows and deadly
play of bills and spears, as the banners were pushed forward. Bravely
the golden-haired Athelstan acquitted himself in the van, amid the
communion of swords and the clashing of bills, the conflict of banners
and the meeting of spears, when the keen javelins strewed the soil
with the slain, and the unerring arrows carried death above the
guarding shield. Athelstan's sword dropped in the press, but as Otho,
Archbishop of Canterbury, entreated the heavenly aid, a sword of
celestial potency filled the empty sheath, and with it Athelstan
fought until night closed upon the scene.
As the day was drawing towards eventide, with the wild war-wrestle at
its maddest, and the song of the fiery Northman rolling like thunder
over the field, now heaped with slain and wounded men, for the front
ranks had been mown down, and renewed again and again, Turketul headed
a veteran corps of spearmen, and made an irresistible charge upon the
Scots. Vainly Constantine strove to hold his ground; his fierce Scots
were over-weighted, broken, and borne down. Anlaf's Northmen were
dismayed, and gave ground. Turketul charged them; a brief, fierce
struggle ensued; then he penetrated their ranks; flight commenced;
the field was covered with fugitives; the Northmen anxiously striving
to regain their nailed barks, and crowd all sail for Ireland.
Then pressed the West Saxons hard on "the footsteps of the loathed
nations." "They hewed the fugitives behind, amain, with swords
mill-sharp," while on the battle-stead lay five "youthful kings, and
seven eke of Anlaf's earls."
"Constantine, hoary warrior, he had no cause to exult in the
communion of swords. Here was his kindred band of friends
o'erthrown on the falkstead, in battle slain; and his son he
left on the slaughter-place, mangled with wounds, young in the
fight."
The slaughter was dreadful, but the throne of Athelstan was secured,
and his northern subjects humbled. He left behind him a terrible
carnage field,
"the sallowy kite the corse to devour, and the swarthy raven
with horned nib, and the dusky 'pada' erne white-tailed, the
corse to enjoy, greedy war-hawk, and the grey beast, wolf of
the wood. Carnage greater has not been in this island ever yet
of people slain, before this, by edges of swords, as books us
say, old writers, since from the east hither, Angles and
Saxons came to land, o'er the broad seas Britain sought,
mighty war-smiths, the Welsh o'ercame, earls most bold, this
earth obtained."
In later years Anlaf obtained considerable successes over King Edmund,
and the northern provinces were ceded to him; but scarcely had he
obtained this high position ere death touched his brow, and kingly
pride and vain ambition were overcome.
Despite the labours of Yorkshire and Lancashire antiquaries, the
locality of Brunanburgh must be regarded as unascertained, and no
evidence has been produced that can justify its inclusion in the list
of Yorkshire battles.
XXII.--FIGHT OFF FLAMBOROUGH HEAD.
A.D. 1779.
In the years 1778 and 1779 British commerce suffered severely from the
attacks of Paul Jones.
In September of the latter year he cruised along the East coast with
the "Bonne Homme Richard," 40 guns, 375 men; the "Alliance," 40 guns,
300 men; the "Pallas," 32 guns, 275 men; and the "Vengeance," 12 guns,
70 men. On the 20th of September, Bridlington was alarmed by an
express stating that Paul Jones was off Scarborough; that evening he
was seen by the fishermen of Flamborough, and a fleet of merchantmen
crowded into Bridlington bay, and the harbour was soon thronged with
vessels, a number being chained alongside the piers. The townsfolks
mustered, rudely armed, and supported the two companies of
Northumberland Militia, who marched to the quay with drums beating.
The Baltic fleet, with a freight valued at £600,000 pounds, was
approaching the coast, convoyed by the "Serapis," 40 guns, captain,
Pearson; and the "Countess of Scarborough," 20 guns, captain, Piercy.
On Thursday, September 23rd, the fleet approached Scarborough, and was
warned by the bailiff that the enemy was in the neighbourhood. Captain
Pearson then signalled the fleet to bear down upon his lee, but the
ships continued their course. About noon a scene of confusion ensued
as the leading ships perceived the enemy bearing down upon them. The
two captains hoisted all sail, prepared for action, and took the post
of danger.
Twilight was closing over waves and cliff when, at about twenty
minutes past seven, the "Serapis" challenged the "Bonne Homme
Richard," and saluted him with a cannon shot. The American flag was
run up, and the shot returned. Captain Pearson delivered a broadside,
which was returned, and for some time the battle was carried on by
repeated discharges of cannon. The moon arose with unusual brilliancy,
and the natives of Flamborough thronged to the cliffs to witness the
exciting scene. Paul Jones attempted to board, but with bayonet, pike,
and cutlass the British tars maintained their decks, and the "Bonne
Homme Richard" sheered off. An attempt to lay the "Serapis" square
with her adversary was foiled, and the "Bonne Homme Richard" was laid
across the bows of the "Serapis." With cannon and small arms a
murderous conflict was maintained, then the jib-boom of the "Serapis"
gave way, and the ships fell broadside to broadside, with yard-arms
locked; swaying and reeling as they ripped up each other's sides with
repeated broadsides, although the muzzles of the cannons touched, and
many of the port-lids were torn away.
The night closed in, and the conflict continued. The decks of the
"Serapis" were swept by shot, covered with the slain and wounded. For
two hours her crew maintained the fight with heroic courage.
Combustibles were thrown upon her decks, ten times she took fire; a
hand-grenade exploded a cartridge, and the explosion ran along the
line of guns where the cartridges lay, abaft the mainmast. Many men
were killed or wounded, and the guns remained unfought to the end.
During this murderous work the "Alliance" sailed round and round the
combatants, and raked the "Serapis" with successive broadsides.
On a cry for quarter being raised, Captain Pearson boarded the "Bonne
Homme Richard," but at once retired on perceiving a numerous party of
the enemy lying in ambush. The battle re-commenced, when the
"Alliance" again raked the "Serapis," inflicting dreadful slaughter,
and bringing down the mainmast.
The "Serapis" was little better than a wreck, and the old flag was
reluctantly hauled down. Paul Jones received the conquered enemy most
courteously. Without the aid of the "Alliance" the "Bonne Homme
Richard" would have been captured. She was on fire in two places, the
guns on her lower deck were dismounted, and she had seven feet of
water in her hold. Out of her crew of 375 men, 306 were killed and
wounded. The total loss of the two English ships did not reach half
that number. On the following day the "Bonne Homme Richard" was
abandoned, and, before all her wounded could be removed, went to the
bottom.
The "Countess of Scarborough" fought the "Pallas" and "Vengeance" for
upwards of two hours, and only struck when a third vessel bore down
upon her.
The King of France presented Paul Jones with a gold-hilted sword, and
requested the American Government to sanction the bestowal of the
military Order of Merit upon the gallant adventurer.
Captain Pearson was knighted, and was rewarded by the merchants for
saving the Baltic fleet. He was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of
Greenwich, and received the Freedom of the corporations of Hull,
Scarborough, Appleby, and Dover.
[Illustration: THE END]
Index.
Adela, daughter of William I., 56
Adelwald, King of Deira, 8-10
Aire, River, 8, 99, 185
Airedale, 99
Albany, Duke of, 142
Albemarle, William, 3rd Earl of, 61, 66
Alberic, Bishop of Ostia, 73
Aldred, Archbishop of York, 43
Alexander II., King of Scotland, 79, 80
Alexander III., King of Scotland, 79
Alfred, King of the North-Humbrians, 10, 11
Alfred, King of England, 20
Alnwick Castle, 76
Alred, 70
Alured, Lieut., 191
Alured, Captn., 191
Anlaf, 216-220
Annandale, Robert Bruce, Lord of, 64-66
Appleby, 225
Archer, John, 156
Arundel, Edmund Fitz-Alan, 2nd Earl of, 100
Aske, Robert, 175
Aspall, 159-160
Athelstan, King of Mercia, 13, 216-220
Atkinson, Captn., 179
Audley, John Touchet, 6th Lord, 152
Avon, River, 100
Badlesmere, Bartholomew, 1st Lord de, 103-4
Baird, Captn., John, 214
Baldwin V., Earl of Flanders, 18
Baldwinson, Ensign, 189
Baliol, Bernard de, 61, 64-66, 76
Baliol, Edward, King of Scotland, 138
Ballinson, Ensign, 189
Bamborough Castle, 50-51, 172
Banbury, 81
Bangor, Bishop of, 147
Bardolph, Thomas, 5th Lord, 143-7
Barfleur, 54
Battles: Adwalton Moor, 193-5
Agincourt, 124, 137, 148
Bannockburn, 83, 103
Barnet, 173
Beaujé, 149
Bloreheath, 152
Boroughbridge, 107-110
Bosworth, 174
Bramham Moor, 145-6
Brunanburgh, 13-14, 217-220
Byland Abbey, 122-128
Cressy, 124
Durham, or Neville's Cross, 133
Ebberston, 11
Evesham, 158
Falkirk, 103
off Flamborough, 222-5
Fulford, 24
Hastings, or Senlac, 27, 37-41, 53
Hedgeley Moor, 172
Hexham, 172
Homildon, 142
Hull, 196-8
Leeds, 183-6
Marston Moor, 202
Mortimer's Cross, 162-3
Myton Meadows, 95-8
Northampton, 154
Otterburn, 135
Pavia, 137
Radcot Bridge, 139
Sandal, or Wakefield-Green, 157-162
Selby, 199-201
Shrewsbury, 142
St. Albans (first), 150-1
St. Albans (second), 164-5
Stamford Bridge, 15, 25-34
Standard, the, 51
Stoke, 137, 174
Tadcaster, 180-182
Tewkesbury, 173
Towton, 166-172
Wakefield, 188-191
Winwidfield, 8-10
Beaumont, Captn., 185
Bellasis, Col., 199-202
Benedict, a rich Jew of York, 77
Benson, Captn.-Lieut., 189
Beorne, Earl, 43
Bernefield, Sir Roger, 110
Berwick, 83-93, 103, 130, 144
Beverley, 128, 134, 148, 178, 196
Bingley, 181
Bishopthorpe, 144
Blacklow, 100
Blanche Nef, 54
Bland, Sir Thomas, 189
Blount, Sir Thomas, 156
Bonville, William, 1st Lord, 165
Bootham, 171
Boroughbridge, 84, 95, 107-111, 114-115, 117, 128, 204
Bourchier, Edward, 161
Bosworth, Battle of, 174
Bradburne, Henry de, 113
Bradford, 181, 183, 188, 190, 192, 194
Bramham Moor, 145
Brember, Sir Nicholas, 139
Brian, son of Earl Alan Fergan, 55
Bridlington, 127, 187, 221
Bright, Col., 200
Bruce, Robert, Earl of Annandale, 64-66
Bruce, Robert, Earl of Carrick and King of Scotland, 83-5, 91-2, 106,
117-125, 128-130
Bruce, David, King of Scotland, 133
Buchan, Earl of, 149
Buckingham, Duchess of, 152
Buckingham, Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of, 150-151
Burgh, Hubert de, 79
Burgh-on-Sands, 81, 102
Burton-upon-Trent, 105
Byland Abbey, 118, 122-7, 130
Cadwalla, King of the West Britons, 7
Calais, 153-4
Cambridge, Richard Plantagenet, 4th Earl of, 148
Canterbury, Wm. Corbois, Archbishop of, 57
Canterbury, Thos. Fitz-Alan (alias Arundel), Archbishop of, 140
Canterbury, Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of, 155
Canute, King of England, 18, 41
Carlisle, 49, 58, 70-73, 128-130
Carmichael, Sir John, 149
Carnabie, Sergt.-Major, 189
Carr, Major, 179
Carr, Sergt.-Major, 189
Carr, Captn., 189
Carr, Ensign, 189
Castleford, 99
Chapter of Mitton, 98
Charles I., King of England, 177-179, 203
Cheney, William, 113
Chop Head Loaning, 115
Cinque Ports, 85
Clarence, Thomas Plantagenet, 2nd Duke of, 148-9
Clarence, George Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of, 159, 174
Clay, Thomas, 152
Cleveland, 143
Clifford, Sir Roger, 110
Clifford, Thomas de Clifford, 8th Lord, 150-1
Clifford, John de Clifford, 9th Lord, 158-162, 166
Clinton, John de Clinton, 5th Lord, 152
Clitheroe, 64
Cobham, Sir Ralph, 125
Cock, River, 170
Coifi, a pagan priest 5-6
Colt, Thomas, 152
Constable of England (Duke of Northumberland), 141
Constable, Sir Robert, 175
Constantine, King of Scotland, 217-219
Conway Castle, 141
Conyers, Sir John, 152
Copeland, John, Esquire, 133
Cornwall, Piers de Gaveston, Earl of, 81-2, 100-2
Cospatrick, 4th Earl of Northumberland, 44, 52
Coventry, 140, 152
Crab, John, a Flemish engineer, 88-90
Croft, Captn., 189
Cromwell, John de, 127,
Cromwell, Oliver, 196, 206, 208-13, 215
Cuichelm, King of the West Saxons, 4
Culross, 121
Cumberland, 179
Cumin, William, Chancellor of Scotland, 73
Dacres, Ralph, 1st Lord, 171
Dacres, Sir Francis, 214
Dalkeith Castle, 135
Danthorpe, Matthew, hermit, 141
Darcy, Thomas, 1st Lord, 175
David I., King of Scotland, 55, 58-60, 63, 64-5, 71-2
David II., King of Scotland, 133
Dedington Castle, 81
Deira-field, Castle of, 11
Denman, Sir John, 168
Denton, Sir Richard de, 129
Denton, 181
Derwent, River, 3, 127
Despenser, Sir Hugh, 112, 113, 127, 129
Despenser, Hugh, Earl of Winchester, 112, 113, 127, 129
Devonshire, Thomas Courtenay, 14th Earl of, 171
Devonshire, Humphrey Stafford, 15th Earl of, 173
Deynville, 113
Doncaster, 7, 140, 172
Dovenald, 68-9
Douglas, Sir James, 83-4, 91-3, 95-6, 102, 105-6, 119, 125-6, 132
Douglas, James, Earl of, 135-6
Douglas, Archibald (Tine-man) Earl of, 142
Dryburgh, 121
Dunstable, 164
Durham, Geoffrey Ruffus, Bishop of, 73
Durham, 47-9, 52, 58, 144
Edgar Atheling, 20, 43, 49
Edward, the Confessor, King of England, 16-20, 59
Edward I., King of England, 80, 81, 83, 85, 102, 112
Edward II., King of England, 81, 83-88, 90, 92-93, 100-7, 111-2,
117-8, 120-1, 124, 126-7, 128, 130
Edward III., King of England, 131-3, 135
Edward IV., King of England, 163, 165-174
Edward V., King of England, 174
Edward VI., King of England, 175
Edwin, King of Northumbria, 3-8
Edwin Earl of Northumbria, 17, 19, 21, 23-5, 52
Egbert, Archbishop of York, 44
Ella, Usurper of Northumbria, 12-3
Ely, John Hotham, Bishop of, 98
Espec, Walter l', 61, 66
Exeter, Henry Holland, 4th Duke of, 156, 164
Fairfax, Ferdinand, 2nd Lord, 179-187, 193-7, 199-200, 202-6
Fairfax, Sir Thomas, 179-202, 206, 210-11
Fairfax, Sir William, 184-5, 188, 190-1
Fauconberg, William Neville, 7th Lord, 167-8
Fitz-John, Eustace, 63-73
Fleming, Nicholas, Mayor of York, 92-5, 98
Foulis, Sir Henry, 188, 190-1
Gaunt, John of, 2nd Duke of Lancaster, 140-1
Gaveston, Piers de, 81-2, 100-2, 113
Gifford, Major-General John, 181, 188, 190-1, 193-4
Glemham, Sir Thomas, 179
Gloucester, Robert, 1st Earl of, 55-6, 75
Gloucester, Thomas Plantagenet, 1st Duke of, 135
Gloucester, Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of, 159, 174
Goring, Lord George, 183, 187, 188-9, 191, 206-7
Hanson, Richard, Mayor of Hull, 159
Harcla, Sir Andrew, 1st Earl of Carlisle, 107-8, 110, 114-5, 128-30
Harold Hardrada, King of Norway, 15, 21-32
Harold, King of England, 15-18, 20-3, 26-9, 31-7, 39-41, 43
Henrietta, Queen of Charles I., 187
Henry I., King of England, 53-8
Henry II., King of England, 75-6
Henry III., King of England, 79-80, 101
Henry IV., King of England, 141-4, 155, 164-5
Henry V., King of England, 137, 148, 153, 155
Henry VI., King of England, 150-5, 160, 165, 171-3
Henry VII., King of England, 174-5
Henry VIII., King of England, 175-6
Henry, Prince, of Scotland, 63, 65, 69-70, 72
Hereford, Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of, 100, 105-6, 109-10, 114
Hereford, Henry Plantagenet, 1st Duke of, 139-41
Hereward le Wake, 42, 48, 52
Hessay Moor, 204
Hinguar, a Danish chief 12-3
Holland, Sir John, 13th Earl of Huntingdon and 1st Duke of Exeter,
134-5
Hotham, Sir John, 177-8, 187, 192, 195
Hotham, Captn. John, 183, 187, 190, 192
Houghton, Sir Gilbert, 208
Hubba, a Danish chief, 12, 13
Hull, Kingston-upon-, 80, 140, 175, 177-8, 187, 192, 195, 199, 225
Hungerford, Robert, 3rd Lord, 155, 172
Ireland, Robert Vere, Ninth Earl of Oxford, and First Duke of, 139
Isabella, Queen of Edward II., 92, 103-4, 131
John, King of England, 78, 79
John, Prince, First Duke of Bedford, 143
Jones, Paul, 221-5
Keith, Sir William, of Galston, 84
Kent, Edmund Plantagenet, Fourth Earl of, 127
Kyriel, Sir Thomas, 165
Lacy, Ilbert de, 61
Lancaster, Thomas Plantagenet, Second Earl of, 100-1, 104-114, 116,
129
Lancaster, John of Gaunt, Second Duke of, 140-1
Lancaster, Henry Plantagenet, Third Duke of, 141
Leeds, 6, 183-5, 187-9, 195
Leeds Castle, Kent, 103-4
Leven, Earl of, 199, 206
Lincoln, John de la Pole, Ninth Earl of, 137, 174
London, 20, 57, 147, 154, 163-165, 178, 189
Longchamp, William, Bishop of Ely, 178
Lucas, Sir Charles, 206-7, 214
MacDonoquhy, William, 64, 65
Malcolm III., King of Scotland, 21, 47, 50
Malcolm IV., King of Scotland, 76
Malcolm II., King of Scotland, 76
Malise, Earl of Strathearn, 65
Manchester, Earl of, 202, 205-6, 209-11
March, Edmund Mortimer, Fifth Earl of, 148
March, Edward, Titulary Earl of, 152-3, 156-7, 159, 162-3, 165
Margaret of Anjou, 150-1, 154-5, 159-60, 164, 167, 171-3
Matilda, daughter of Henry I., 55-58, 75
Matilda, Queen of Stephen, 73
Meldrum, Sir John, 178, 197, 200
Melton, William de, Archbishop of York, 92-4, 96, 98
Montacute, John Neville, First Marquis of, 173
Morkar, First Earl of Northumberland, 17-18, 21, 23, 24-5, 52
Mortimer, Edmund, Fifth Earl of March, 142
Mowbray, Roger de Mowbray, Second Lord de, 61
Mowbray, John de Mowbray, Second Lord de, 113, 114
Mowbray, Thomas de, Sixth Lord, 143-4
Newcastle, 58, 76, 81, 85, 135, 171
Newcastle, Marquis of, 180-2, 186, 192-4, 196-9, 202, 204, 207, 209,
212
Newport, Earl, 178
Norfolk, Thomas, Baron Mowbray, First Duke of, 139-40
Norfolk, John Mowbray, Third Duke of, 150
Norfolk, John Mowbray, Fourth Duke of, 165, 169-70
Northampton, 17, 18, 19, 154
Northumberland, Henry Percy, Twelfth Earl of, 140-47
Northumberland, Henry Percy, Thirteenth Earl of, 150-151
Northumberland, Henry Percy, Fourteenth Earl of, 157, 161, 164, 168,
171
Northumberland, Henry Percy, Sixteenth Earl of, 175
Northumberland, Thomas Percy, Nineteenth Earl of, 176
Nottingham, 92, 179
Nowel, Ralph, Titular Bishop of Orkney, 61, 66
Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, 39, 48-9
Ormond, Earl of, 171
Osbert, King of Northumbria, 12-13
Osred I., King of Northumbria, 11
Oswy, King of Northumbria, 8-10
Otho, Archbishop of Canterbury, 218
Parkinson, the Rev. Thomas, F.R.H.S., 151
Pearson, Captain, 222-5
Pembroke, Aylmer de Valence, Tenth Earl of, 124
Pembroke, Jasper Tudor, Sixteenth Earl of, 162
Pembroke, William Herbert, Seventeenth Earl of, 173
Penda, King of Mercia, 7-11
Percy, Sir Henry, K. G., "Hotspur," 135-6, 142-3
Philippa, Queen, 132-3, 135
Phillips, Mrs S. K., 115
Pole, de la, Sir William, 137
Pole, de la, Sir Richard, 137
Pole, de la, Michael, First Earl of Suffolk, 137
Pole, de la, Michael, Second Earl of Suffolk, 137
Pole, de la, Michael, Third Earl of Suffolk, 137
Pole, de la, William, Fourth Earl and First Duke of Suffolk, 137
Pole, de la, John, Second Duke of Suffolk, 137
Pole, de la, John, Ninth Earl of Lincoln, 137
Pole, de la, Edmund, Fifth Earl of Suffolk, 137
Pole, de la, Richard, Titulary Duke of Suffolk, 137
Pontefract, 111, 113, 141, 157, 162, 174
Porter, General, 207, 214
Powis, Lord, 152-3
Randolph, Thomas, Earl of Moray, 83-4, 91-3, 95-6, 102, 105-6, 116,
119, 125-6
Richard I., King of England, 76-8
Richard II., King of England, 133-136, 139-41, 147
Richard III., King of England, 137
Richmond, John de Dreux, Ninth Earl of, 124, 127-8
Rivers, Richard Widvile, First Lord, 153
Rivers, Anthony Widvile, Second Lord, 174
Robert, Earl (Robert Comyn, Third Earl of Northumberland), 43
Robert, Earl (Robert de Mowbray, Eighth Earl of Northumberland) 50-1
Robert, Duke of Normandy, 53-4, 56
Rokeby, Sir Thomas, 145-6, 148
Roos, Thomas de Roos, Tenth Lord, 164
Rupert, Prince, 202, 215
Rutland, Edmund Plantagenet, Titulary Duke of, 152, 159-162
Salisbury, Richard Neville, Eighth Earl of, 150-3, 156-7, 159,
161-162, 171
Savile, Sir William, of Thornhill, 183-5
Scales, Thomas de Scales, Seventh Lord, 154-6
Scarborough, 23, 81, 134, 221-2,225
Scroop, Jeffrey de, Chief Justiciary, 129
Scroop, Henry le Scroop, of Masham, Third Lord, 148
Shrewsbury, John Talbot, Fifth Earl of, 164, 171
Siward, Earl of Northumbria, 15-16, 47
Somerset, Edmund de Beaufort, Second Duke of, 150-1
Somerset, Henry de Beaufort, Fifth Earl of, 153-4, 156-7, 161, 164,
168, 172
Stafford, Humphrey de Stafford, Fifth Earl, 150-1
Stafford, Henry, First Lord, 176
Stephen, King of England, 51, 56, 57-8, 61, 75
Stigand, Archbishop of Canterbury, 20
Sulley, Sir Henry de, 127, 130
Tadcaster, 26, 31, 179, 187, 206
Thurstan, Archbishop of York, 61, 62
Tilliard, General, 214
Tosti Godwinsson, Earl of Northumbria, 15-7, 19-23, 25-27, 31-2
Travis-Cook, John, F.R.H.S., 137
Trollope, Sir Andrew, 152, 162, 168, 171
Tudor, Henry, Sixteenth Earl of Richmond, 174
Turketul, 217-8
Urrie, Sir John, 206, 207
Wakefield, 159, 161-2, 164, 183,186
Walcher of Lorraine, Bishop of Durham, Sixth Earl of Northumberland,
47, 48
Wales, Edward, Prince of, 154-5, 164, 171, 173
Waltheof Siwardsson, Fifth Earl of Northumberland, 16, 43, 45, 47-8
Ward, Sir Simon, Sheriff of Yorkshire, 107-8, 115
Warwick, Guy de Beauchamp, Eleventh Earl of, 81
Warwick, Richard Neville, Sixteenth Earl of, 150-4, 156, 164-6, 168,
173
Warwick, Edward Plantagenet, Eighteenth Earl of, 174-5
Welles, Leo de Welles, Sixth Lord, 164, 171
Westmoreland, Ralph Neville, First Earl of, 140, 143
Westmoreland, Charles Neville, Sixth Earl of, 176
Widvile, Sir Anthony, 153
William, Duke of Normandy, 19-20, 23, 35-41
William I., King of England, 44-49, 51-54, 59
William II. (Rufus), King of England, 49-53
William, son of Robert Duke of Normandy, 53-56
William, son of Henry I., 54-55
Willoughby, Richard Welles, Seventh Lord, 164
Willoughby, of Parham, Lord, 196
Wiltshire, James Butler, Second Earl of, 171
Wulstan, Bishop of Worcester, 20
York, 1, 16-17, 25-26, 43-47, 75-81, 92-94, 126-7, 131-3, 135, 144,
171, 202-5, 213
York, Walter de Grey, Archbishop of, 139
York, Richard Scroop, Archbishop of, 143-4
York, Edward Plantagenet, First Duke of, 135
York, Richard Plantagenet, Fifth Duke of, 174
York, Richard Plantagenet, Eighth Duke of, 137, 150-2, 154-62, 171
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NEW BOOK BY WILLIAM ANDREWS, F.R.H.S.
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Old-Time Punishments.
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Sheets_--_The Repentance-Stool_--_Riding the Stang_--_Gibbet
Lore_--_Drowning_--_Burning to Death_--_Boiling to
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"A work which will be eagerly read by all who take it
up."--_Scotsman._
"It is entertaining."--_Manchester Guardian._
"A vast amount of curious and entertaining matter."--_Sheffield
Independent._
"We can honestly recommend a perusal of this book."--_Yorkshire
Post._
"Interesting, and handsomely printed."--_Newcastle Chronicle._
"A very readable history."--_Birmingham Daily Gazette._
"Mr. Andrews' book is well worthy of careful study, and is a
perfect mine of wealth on the subject of which it
treats."--_Herts Advertiser._
"It is sure of a warm welcome on both sides of the
Atlantic"--_Christian Leader._
LONDON: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT, & CO. HULL: WILLIAM
ANDREWS & CO.
_In the Press._
YORKSHIRE FAMILY ROMANCE.