THE birth of this saint was the fruit of the prayers of his pious
parents, through the intercession of the martyr Polyeuctus. His father
was a noble and wealthy citizen of Melitene in Armenia. Euthymius was
educated in sacred learning, and in the fervent practice of prayer,
silence, humility, and mortification, under the care of the holy bishop
of that city, who ordained him priest, and constituted him his vicar and
general-overseer of the monasteries. The saint often visited that of St.
Polyeuctus, and spent whole nights in prayer on a neighboring mountain;
as he also did all the time from the octave of the Epiphany till towards
the end of Lent. The love of solitude daily growing stronger in his
breast, he secretly left his own country,{186} at twenty-nine years of
age: and, after offering up his prayers at the holy places in Jerusalem,
chose a cell six miles from that city, near the Laura[1] of Pharan. He
made baskets, and procured, by selling them, both his own subsistence
and alms for the poor. Constant prayer was the employment of his soul.
After five years he retired with one Theoctistus, a holy hermit, ten
miles further towards Jericho, where they lived together on raw herbs in
a cave. In this place he began to receive disciples, about the year 411.
He committed the care of his monastery to Theoctistus, and continued
himself in a remote hermitage, only giving audience on Saturdays and
Sundays, to those who desired spiritual advice. He taught all his monks
never to eat so much as to satisfy their hunger, but strictly forbade
among them all singularity in fasts, or any other common observances, as
savoring of vanity and self-will. According to his example, they all
retired into the deserts from the octave of the feast of the Epiphany
till the week before Easter, when they met again in their monastery, to
celebrate the office peculiar to Holy Week. He enjoined them constant
silence and manual labors: they gained their own subsistence, and a
surplus, which they devoted as first-fruits to God in the relief of the
poor.
St. Euthymius cured, by the sign of the cross and a short prayer,
Terebon, one half of whose body had been struck dead with a palsy. His
father, who was an Arabian prince, named Aspebetes, an idolater, had
exhausted on his cure, but to no purpose, the much-boasted arts of
physic and magic among the Persians, to procure some relief for his son.
At the sight of this miracle Aspebetes desired baptism, and took the
name of Peter. Such multitudes of Arabians followed his example, that
Juvenal, patriarch of Jerusalem, ordained him their bishop, and he
assisted at the council of Ephesus against Nestorius in 431. He built
St. Euthymius a Laura on the right hand of the road from Jerusalem to
Jericho, in the year 420. Euthymius could never be prevailed upon to
depart from his rules of strict solitude; but governed his monks by
proper superiors, to whom he gave his directions on Sundays. His
humility and charity won the hearts of all who spoke to him. He seemed
to surpass the great Arsenius in the gift of perpetual tears. Cyril
relates many miracles which he wrought, usually by the sign of the
cross. In the time of a great drought, he exhorted the people to
penance, to avert this scourge of heaven. Great numbers came in
procession to his cell, carrying crosses, singing Kyrie eleison, and
begging him to offer up his prayers to God for them. He said to them: "I
am a sinner, how can I presume to appear before God, who is angry at our
sins? Let us prostrate ourselves all together before him, and he will
hear us." They obeyed; and the saint going into his chapel with some of
his monks, prayed prostrate on the ground. The sky grew dark on a
sudden, rain fell in abundance, and the year proved remarkably fruitful.
St. Euthymius showed great zeal against the Nestorian and Eutychian
heretics. The turbulent empress Eudocia, after the death of her husband
Theodosius, retired into Palestine, and there continued to favor the
latter with her protection. Awaked by the afflictions of her family,
particularly in the plunder of Rome, and the captivity of her daughter
Eudocia, and her two granddaughters, carried by the Vandals into Africa,
she sent to beg the advice of St. Simeon Stylites. He answered, that her
misfortunes were the punishment of her sin, in forsaking and persecuting
the orthodox faith; and ordered her to follow the direction of
Euthymius. She knew that our saint admitted no woman within the precinct
of his Laura, no more than St. Simeon suffered them to step within the
enclosure of the mandra or lodge {187} about his pillar. She therefore
built a tower on the east side of the desert, thirty furlongs from the
Laura, and prayed St. Euthymius to meet her there. His advice to her was
to forsake the Eutychians and their impious patriarch Theodosius, and to
receive the council of Chalcedon. She followed his advice as the command
of God, and returning to Jerusalem, embraced the Catholic communion with
the orthodox patriarch Juvenal; and an incredible number followed her
example. She spent the rest of her life in works of penance and piety.
In 459, she desired St. Euthymius to meet her at her tower, designing to
settle on his Laura sufficient revenues for its subsistence. He sent her
word to spare herself the trouble, and to prepare herself for death; for
God summoned her before his tribunal. She admired his disinterestedness,
returned to Jerusalem, and died shortly after. One of the latest
disciples of our saint was the young St. Sabas, whom he tenderly loved.
In the year 473, on the 13th of January, Martyrius and Elias, to both
whom St. Euthymius had foretold the patriarchate of Jerusalem, came with
several others to visit him, and to conduct him into his Lent-retreat.
But he said he would stay with them all that week, and leave them on the
Saturday following, meaning, by death. Three days after he gave orders
that a general watching should be observed on the eve of St. Antony's
festival, on which he made a discourse to his spiritual children,
exhorting them to humility and charity. He appointed Elias his
successor, and foretold Domitian, a beloved disciple, that he would
follow him out of this world, on the seventh day, which happened
accordingly. Euthymius died on Saturday the 28th day of January, being
ninety-five years old, of which he had spent sixty-eight in the deserts.
Cyril relates his having appeared several times after his death, and the
many miracles that were wrought by his intercession; to several of which
he declares himself an eye-witness. St. Sabas kept his festival
immediately after his death; which is observed both by the Latins and
Greeks. The latter always style him the Great. It appears from his life
that he was ordained priest before he embraced an eremitical state, and
that he founded two monasteries, besides a Laura, which was also
converted into a monastery after his death.
Footnotes:
1. A Laura consisted of cells at a little distance from one another,
and not under the same roof, as a monastery.