Callimitra, 472
Callithamnion, spore of, 396
Calman, T. W., 149
Calyptraea, 556
Camel, 703, 704
Campanularia, 237, 262, 747
Campbell, D. H., 302, 397, 402
Camper, P., 742
Camptosaurus, 754
Cannon bone, 730
Cantilever, 678, 694
Cantor, Moritz, 503
Caprella, 743
Caprinella, 567, 577
Carapace of crabs, 744
Cardium, 561
Cariacus, 629
Carlier, E. W., 211
Carnoy, J. B., 468
Carpenter, W. B., 45, 422, 465
Caryokinesis, 14, 157, etc.
Cassini, D., 329
Cassis, 559
Catabolic products, 435
Catalytic action, 130
Catenoid, 218, 223, 227, 252
Causation, 6
Cavolinia, 573
Cayley, A., 385
Celestite, 459
Cell-theory, 197, 199
Cells, forms of, 201;
sizes of, 35
Cellular pathology, 200;
tissue, artificial, 320
Cenosphaera, 470
Centres of force, 156, 196
Centrosome, 167, 168, 173
Cephalopods, 548, etc.;
eggs of, 378
Ceratophyllum, growth of, 97
Ceratorhinus, 612
Cerebratulus, egg of, 189
Cerianthus, 125
Cerithium, 530, 557, 559
Chabrier, J., 25
Chabry, L., 30, 306, 415
Chaetodont fishes, 671, 749
Chaetopterus, egg of, 195
Chamois, horns of, 615
Chapman, Abel, 672
Chara, 303
Characters, biological, 196, 727
Chevron bones, 709
Chick, hatching of, 108
Chilomonas, 114
Chladni figures, 386, 475
Chlorophyll, 291
Choanoflagellates, 253
Chodat, R., 78, 132
Cholesterin, 272
Chondriosomes, 285
Chorinus, 744
Chree, C., 19
Chromatin, 153
Chromidia, 286
Chromosomes, 157, 173, 179, 181, 190, 195
Church, A. H., 639
Cicero, 62
Cicinnus, 502
Cidaris, 664
Circogonia, 479
Cladocarpus, 748
Claparède, E. R, 423
Clathrulina, 470
Clausilia, 520, 549
Claws, 149, 632
Cleland, John, 4
Cleodora, 570–575
Climate and growth, 121
Clio, 570
Close packing, 453
Clytia, 747
Coan, C. A., 514
Coassus, 629
Cod, otoliths of, 432;
skeleton of, 710
Codonella, 248
Codosiga, 253
Coe, W. R., 189
Coefficient of growth, 153;
of temperature, 109
Coelopleurus, 664
Cogan, Dr T., 742
Cohen, A., 110
Cohesion figures, 259
Collar-cells, 253
Colloids, 162, 178, 201, 279, 412, 421, etc.
Collosclerophora, 436
Collosphaera, 459
Colman, S., 514
Comoseris, 327
Compensation, law of, 714, 776
Conchospiral, 531, 539, 594
Conchyliometer, 529
Concretions, 410, etc.
Conjugate curves, 561, 613
Conklin, E. G., 36, 191, 310, 340, 377
Conostats, 427
Continuous girder, 700
Contractile vacuole, 165, 264
Conus, 557, 559, 560
Cook, Sir T. A., 493, 635, 639, 650
Co-ordinates, 723
Corals, 325, 388, 423
Cornevin, Ch., 102
Cornuspira, 594
Correlation, 78, 727
Corystes, 744
Cotton, A., 418
Cox, J., 46
Crane-head, 682
Crayfish, sperm-cells of, 273
Creodonta, 716
Crepidula, 36, 310, 340
Creseis, 570
Cristellaria, 515, 600
Crocodile, 704, 752
Crocus, growth of, 88
Crookes, Sir W., 32
Cryptocleidus, 755
Crystals, 202, 250, 429, 444, 480, 601
Ctenophora, 391
Cube, partition of, 346
Cucumis, growth of, 109
Culmann, Professor C., 682, 697
Cultellus, 564
Curlew, eggs of, 652
Cushman, J. A., 323
Cuvier, 727
Cuvierina, 258, 570
Cyamus, 743
Cyathophyllum, 325, 391
Cyclammina, 595, 596, 602
Cyclas, 561
Cyclostoma, 554
Cylinder, 218, 227, 377
Cymba, 559
Cyme, 502
Cypraea, 547, 554, 560, 561
Cyrtina, 569
Cyrtocerata, 583
Cystoliths, 412
Daday de Dees, E. v., 130
Daffner, Fr., 61, 118
Dalyell, Sir John G., 146
Danilewsky, B., 135
Darling, C. R., 219, 257, 664
D’Arsonval, A., 192, 281
Darwin, C., 4, 44, 57, 332, 431, 465, 549, 624, 671, 714
Dastre, A., 136
Davenport, C. B., 107, 123, 125, 126, 211
De Candolle, A., 108, 643;
A. P., 20;
C., 636
Decapod Crustacea, sperm-cells of, 273
Deer, antlers of, 628
Deformation, 638, 728, etc.
Degree, differences of, 586, 725
Delage, Yves, 153
Delaunay, C. E., 218
Delisle, 31
Dellinger, O. P., 212
Delphinula, 557
Delpino, F., 636
Democritus, 44
Dendy, A., 137, 436, 440, 671
Dentalium, 535, 537, 546, 555, 556, 561
Dentine, 425
Descartes, R., 185, 723
Des Murs, O., 653
Devaux, H., 43
De Vries, H., 108
Diatoms, 214, 386, 426
Diceras, 567
Dickson, Alex., 647
Dictyota, 303, 356, 474
Diet and growth, 134
Difflugia, 463, 466
Diffusion figures, 259, 430
Dimorphism of earwigs, 105
Dimorphodon, 756
Dinenympha, 252
Dinobryon, 248
Dinosaurs, 702, 704, 754
Diodon, 751, 777
Dionaea, 734
Diplodocus, 702, 706, 710
Disc, segmentation of a, 367
Discorbina, 602
Distigma, 246
Distribution, geographical, 457, 606
Ditrupa, 586
Dixon, A. F., 684
Dobell, C. C., 286
Dodecahedron, 336, 478, etc.
Doflein, F. J., 46, 267, 606
Dog’s skull, 773
Dolium, 526, 528, 530, 557, 559, 560
Dolphin, skeleton of, 709
Donaldson, H. H., 82, 93
Dorataspis, 481
D’Orbigny, Alc., 529, 555, 591, 728
Douglass, A. E., 121
Draper, J. W., 165, 264
Dreyer, F. R., 435, 447, 455, 468, 606, 608
Driesch, H., 4, 35, 157, 306, 310, 312, 377, 378, 714
Dromia, 275
Drops, 44, 257, 587
Du Bois-Reymond, Emil, 1, 92
Duerden, J. E., 423
Dufour, Louis, 219
Dujardin, F., 257, 591
Dunan, 7
Duncan, P. Martin, 388
Dupré, Athanase, 279
Durbin, Marion L., 138
Dürer, A., 55, 740, 742
Dutrochet, R. J. H., 212, 624
Dwight, T., 769
Dynamical similarity, 17
Earthworm, calcospheres in, 423
Earwigs, dimorphism in, 104
Ebner, V. von, 444, 683
Echinoderms, larval, 392;
spicules of, 449
Echinus, 377, 378, 664
Eclipse, skeleton of, 739
Ectosarc, 281
Eel, growth of, 85
Efficiency, mechanical, 670
Efficient cause, 6, 158, 248
Eggs of birds, 652
Eiffel tower, 20
Eight cells, grouping of, 381, etc.
Eimer, Th., 606
Einstein formula, 47
Elastic curve, 219, 265, 271
Elaters, 489
Electrical convection, 187;
stimulation of growth, 153
Elephant, 21, 633, 703, 704
Elk, antlers of, 629, 632
Ellipsolithes, 728
Ellis, R. Leslie, 4, 329, 647;
M. M., 147, 656
Elodea, 322
Emarginula, 556
Emmel, V. E., 149
Empedocles, 8
Emperor Moth, 431
Encystment, 213, 283
Engelmann, T. W., 210, 285
Enriques, P., 4, 36, 64, 133, 134, 677
Entelechy, 4, 714
Entosolenia, 449
Enzymes, 135
Epeira, 233
Epicurus, 47
Epidermis, 314, 370
Epilobium, pollen of, 396
Epipolic force, 212
Equatorial plate, 174
Equiangular spiral, 50, 505
Equilibrium, figures of, 227
Equipotential lines, 640
Equisetum, spores of, 290, 489
Errera, Leo, 8, 40, 110, 111, 213, 306, 346, 348, 426
Erythrotrichia, 358, 372, 390
Ethmosphaera, 470
Euastrum, 214
Eucharis, 391
Euclid, 509
Euglena, 376
Euglypha, 189
Euler, L., 3, 208, 385, 484, 690
Eulima, 559
Eunicea, spicules of, 424
Euomphalus, 557, 559
Evelyn, John, 652
Evolution, 549, 610, etc.
Ewart, A. J., 20
Fabre, J. H., 64, 779
Facial angle, 742, 770, 772
Faraday, M., 163, 167, 428, 475
Farmer, J. B. and Digby, 190
Fatigue, molecular, 689
Faucon, A., 88
Favosites, 325
Fechner, G. T., 654, 777
Fedorow, E. S. von, 338
Fehling, H., 76, 126
Ferns, spores of, 396
Fertilisation, 193
Fezzan-worms, 127
Fibonacci, 643
Fibrillenkonus, 285
Fick, R., 57, 683
Fickert, C., 606
Fidler, Prof. T. Claxton, 691, 674, 696
Films, liquid, 215, 217, 426
Filter-passers, 39
Final cause, 3, 248, 714
Fir-cone, 635, 647
Fischel, Alfred, 88
Fischer, Alfred, 40, 172;
Emil, 417, 418;
Otto, 30, 699
Fishes, forms of, 748
Fission, multiplication by, 151
Fissurella, 556
FitzGerald, G. F., 158, 281, 323, 440, 477
Flagellum, 246, 267, 291
Flemming, W., 170, 172, 180
Flight, 24
Flint, Professor, 673
Fluid crystals, 204, 272, 485
Fluted pattern, 260
Fly’s cornea, 324
Fol, Hermann, 168, 194
Folliculina, 249
Foraminifera, 214, 255, 415, 495, 515
Forth Bridge, 694, 699, 700
Fossula, 390
Foster, M., 185
Fraas, E., 716
Frankenheim, M. L., 202
Frazee, O. E., 153
Frédéricq, L., 127, 130
Free cell formation, 396
Friedenthal, H., 64
Frisch, K. von, 671
Frog, egg of, 310, 363, 378, 382;
growth of, 93, 126
Froth or foam, 171, 205, 305, 314, 322, 343
Froude, W., 22
Fucus, 355
Fundulus, 125
Fusulina, 593, 594
Fusus, 527, 557
Gadow, H. F., 628
Galathea, 273
Galen, 3, 465, 656
Galileo, 8, 19, 28, 562, 677, 720
Gallardo, A., 163
Galloway, Principal, 672
Gamble, F. A., 458
Ganglion-cells, size of, 37
Gans, R., 46
Garden of Cyrus, 324, 329
Gastrula, 344
Gauss, K. F., 207, 278, 723
Gebhardt, W., 430, 683
Gelatination, water of, 203
Generating curves and spirals, 526, 561, 615, 637, 641
Geodetics, 440, 488
Geoffroy St Hilaire, Et. de, 714
Geotropism, 211
Gerassimow, J. J., 35
Gerdy, P. N., 491
Geryon, 744
Gestaltungskraft, 485
Giard, A., 156
Gilmore, C. W., 707
Giraffe, 705, 730, 738
Girardia, 321, 408
Glaisher, J., 250
Glassblowing, 238, 737
Gley, E., 135, 136
Globigerina, 214, 234, 440, 495, 589, 602, 604, 606
Gnomon, 509, 515, 591
Goat, horns of, 613
Goat moth, wings of, 430
Goebel, K., 321, 397, 408
Goethe, 20, 38, 199, 714, 719
Golden Mean, 511, 643, 649
Goldschmidt, R., 286
Goniatites, 550, 728
Gonothyraea, 747
Goodsir, John, 156, 196, 580
Gottlieb, H., 699
Gourd, form of, 737
Grabau, A. H., 531, 539, 550
Graham, Thomas, 162, 201, 203
Grant, Kerr, 259
Grantia, 445
Graphic statics, 682
Gravitation, 12, 32
Gray, J., 188
Greenhill, Sir A. G., 19
Gregory, D. F., 330, 675
Greville, R. K., 386
Gromia, 234, 257
Gruber, A., 165
Gryphaea, 546, 576, 577
Guard-cells, 394
Gudernatsch, J. F., 136
Guillemot, egg of, 652
Gulliver, G., 36
Günther, F. C., 633, 654
Gurwitsch, A., 285
Häcker, V., 458
Haddock, 774
Haeckel, E., 199, 445, 454, 455, 457, 467, 480, 481
Hair, pigmentation of, 430
Hales, Stephen, 36, 59, 95, 669
Haliotis, 514, 527, 546, 547, 554, 555, 557, 561
Hall, C. E., 119
Haller, A. von, 2, 54, 56, 59, 64, 68
Hardesty, Irving, 37
Hardy, W. B., 160, 162, 172, 187, 287
Harlé, N., 28
Harmozones, 135
Harpa, 526, 528, 559
Harper, R. A., 283
Harpinia, 746
Harting, P., 282, 420, 426, 434
Hartog, M., 163, 327
Harvey, E. N. and H. W., 187
Hatai, S., 132, 135
Hatchett, C., 420
Hatschek, B., 180
Haughton, Rev. S., 334, 666
Haüy, R. J., 720
Hay, O. P., 707
Haycraft, J. B., 211, 690
Head, length of, 93
Heart, growth of, 89;
muscles of, 490
Heath, Sir T., 511
Hegel, G. W. F., 4
Hegler, 680, 688
Heidenhain, M., 170, 212
Heilmann, Gerhard, 757, 768, 772
Helicoid, 230;
cyme, 502, 605
Helicometer, 529
Helicostyla, 557
Heliolites, 326
Heliozoa, 264, 460
Helix, 528, 557
Helmholtz, H. von, 2, 9, 25
Henderson, W. P., 323
Henslow, G., 636
Heredity, 158, 286, 715
Hermann, F., 170
Hero of Alexandria, 509
Heron-Allen, E., 257, 415, 465
Herpetomonas, 268
Hertwig, O., 56, 114, 153, 199, 310;
R., 170, 285
Hertzog, R. O., 109
Hess, W., 666, 668
Heteronymous horns, 619
Heterophyllia, 388
Hexactinellids, 429, 452, 453
Hexagonal symmetry, 319, 323, 471, 513
Hickson, S. J., 424
Hippopus, 561
His, W., 55, 56, 74, 75
Hobbes, Thomas, 159
Höber, R., 1, 126, 130, 172
Hodograph, 516
Hoffmann, C., 628
Hofmeister, F., 41; W., 87, 210, 234, 304, 306, 636, 639
Holland, W. J., 707
Holmes, O. W., 62, 737
Holothuroid spicules, 440, 451
Homonymous horns, 619
Homoplasy, 251
Hooke, Robert, 205
Hop, growth of, 118;
stem of, 627
Horace, 44
Hormones, 135
Horns, 612
Horse, 694, 701, 703, 764
Houssay, F., 21
Huber, P., 332
Huia bird, 633
Humboldt, A. von, 127
Hume, David, 6
Hunter, John, 667, 669, 713, 715
Huxley, T. H., 423, 722, 752
Hyacinth, 322, 394
Hyalaea, 571–577
Hyalonema, 442
Hyatt, A., 548
Hyde, Ida H., 125, 163, 184, 188
Hydra, 252;
egg of, 164
Hydractinia, 342
Hydraulics, 669
Hydrocharis, 234
Hyperia, 746
Hyrachyus, 760, 765
Hyracotherium, 766, 768
Ibex, 617
Ice, structure of, 428
Ichthyosaurus, 755
Icosahedron, 478
Iguanodon, 706, 708
Inachus, sperm-cells of, 273
Infusoria, 246, 489
Intussusception, 202
Inulin, 432
Invagination, 56, 344
Iodine, 136
Irvine, Robert, 414, 434
Isocardia, 561, 577
Isoperimetrical problems, 208, 346
Isotonic solutions, 130, 274
Iterson, G. van, 595
Jackson, C. M., 75, 88, 106
Jamin, J. C., 418
Janet, Paul, 5, 18, 673
Japp, F. R., 417
Jellett, J. H., 1
Jenkin, C. F., 444
Jenkinson, J. W., 94, 114, 170
Jennings, H. S., 212, 492;
Vaughan, 424
Jensen, P., 211
Johnson, Dr S., 62
Joly, John, 9, 63
Jost, L., 110, 111
Juncus, pith of, 335
Jungermannia, 404
Kangaroo, 705, 706, 709
Kanitz, Al., 109
Kant, Immanuel, 1, 3, 714
Kappers, C. U. A., 566
Kellicott, W. E., 91
Kelvin, Lord, 9, 49, 188, 202, 336, 453
Kepler, 328, 480, 486, 643, 650
Kienitz-Gerloff, F., 404, 408
Kirby and Spence, 28, 30, 127
Kirchner, A., 683
Kirkpatrick, R., 437
Klebs, G., 306
Kny, L., 680
Koch, G. von, 423
Koenig, Samuel, 330
Kofoid, C. A., 268
Kölliker, A. von, 413
Kollmann, M., 170
Koltzoff, N. K., 273, 462
Koninckina, 570
Koodoo, horns of, 624
Köppen, Wladimir, 111
Korotneff, A., 377
Kraus, G., 77
Krogh, A., 109
Krohl, 666
Kühne, W., 235
Küster, E., 430
Lafresnaye, F. de, 653
Lagena, 251, 256, 260, 587
Lagrange, J. L., 649
Lalanne, L., 334
Lamarck, J. B. de, 549, 716
Lamb, A. B., 186
Lamellaria, 554
Lamellibranchs, 561
Lami, B., 296, 643
Laminaria, 315
Lammel, R., 100
Lanchester, F. W., 26
Lang, Arnold, 561
Lankester, Sir E. Ray, 4, 251, 348, 465
Laplace, P. S. de, 1, 207, 217
Larmor, Sir J., 9, 259
Lavater, J. C., 740
Law, Borelli’s, 29;
Brandt’s, 482;
of Constant Angle, 599;
Errera’s, 213, 306;
Froude’s, 22;
Lamarle’s, 309;
of Mass, 130;
Maupertuis’s, 208;
Müller’s, 481;
of Optimum, 110;
van’t Hoff’s, 109;
Willard-Gibbs’, 280;
Wolff’s, 3, 51, 155
Leaping, 29
Leaves, arrangement of, 635;
form of, 731
Ledingham, J. C. G., 211
Leduc, Stéphane, 162, 167, 185, 219, 259, 415, 428, 431, 590
Leeuwenhoek, A. van, 36, 209
Leger, L., 452
Le Hello, P., 30
Lehmann, O., 203, 272, 440, 485, 590
Leibniz, G. W. von, 3, 5, 159, 385
Leidenfrost, J. G., 279
Leidy, J., 252, 468
Leiper, R. T., 660
Leitch, I., 112
Leitgeb, H., 305
Length-weight coefficient, 98–103, 775
Leonardo da Vinci, 27, 635;
of Pisa, 643
Lepeschkin, 625
Leptocephalus, 87
Leray, Ad., 18
Lesage, G. L., 18
Leslie, Sir John, 163, 503
Lestiboudois, T., 636
Leucocytes, 211
Levers, Orders of, 690
Levi, G., 35, 37
Lewis, C. M., 280
Lhuilier, S. A. J., 330
Liesegang’s rings, 427, 475
Light, pressure of, 48
Lillie, F. R., 4, 147, 341;
R. S., 180, 187, 192
Lima, 565
Limacina, 571
Lines of force, 163;
of growth, 562
Lingula, 251, 567
Linnaeus, 28, 250, 547, 720
Lion, brain of, 91
Liquid veins, 265
Lister, Martin, 318;
J. J., 436
Listing, J. B., 385
Lithostrotion, 325
Littorina, 524
Lituites, 546, 550
Llama, 703
Lobsters’ claws, 149
Locke, John, 6
Loeb, J., 125, 132, 135, 136, 147, 157, 191, 193
Loewy, A., 281
Logarithmic spiral, 493, etc.
Loisel, G., 88
Loligo, shell of, 575
Lo Monaco, 83
Lönnberg, E., 614, 632
Looss, A., 660
Lotze, R. H., 55
Love, A. E. H., 674
Lucas, F. A., 138
Luciani, L., 83
Lucretius, 47, 71, 137, 160
Ludwig, Carl, 2;
F., 643;
H. J., 342
Lupa, 744
Lupinus, growth of, 109, 112
Macalister, A., 557
MacAlister, Sir D., 673, 683
Macallum, A. B., 277, 287, 357, 395;
J. B., 492
McCoy, F., 388
Mach, Ernst, 209, 330
Machaerodus, teeth of, 633
McKendrick, J. G., 42
McKenzie, A., 418
Mackinnon, D. L., 268
Maclaurin, Colin, 330, 779
Macroscaphites, 550
Mactra, 562
Magnitude, 16
Maillard, L., 163
Maize, growth of, 109, 111, 298
Mall, F. P., 492
Maltaux, Mlle, 114
Mammoth, 634, 705
Man, growth of, 61;
skull of, 770
Maraldi, J. P., 329, 473
Marbled papers, 736
Marcus Aurelius, 609
Markhor, horns of, 619
Marsh, O. C., 706, 754
Marsigli, Comte L. F. de, 652
Massart, J., 114
Mastodon, 634
Mathematics, 719, 778, etc.
Mathews, A., 285
Matrix, 656
Matter and energy, 11
Matthew, W. D., 707
Matuta, 744
Maupas, M., 133
Maupertuis, 3, 5, 208
Maxwell, J. Clerk, 9, 18, 40, 44, 160, 207, 385, 691
Mechanical efficiency, 670
Mechanism, 5, 161, 185, etc.
Meek, C. F. U., 190
Melanchthon, 4
Melanopsis, 557
Meldola, R., 670
Melipona, 332
Mellor, J. W., 134
Melo, 525
Melobesia, 412
Melsens, L. H. F., 282
Membrane-formation, 281
Mensbrugghe, G. van der, 212, 298, 470
Meserer, O., 683
Mesocarpus, 289
Mesohippus, 766
Metamorphosis, 82
Meves, F., 163, 285
Meyer, Arthur, 432;
G. H., 8, 682, 683
Micellae, 157
Michaelis, L., 277
Microchemistry, 288
Micrococci, 39, 245, 250
Micromonas, 38
Miliolidae, 595, 604
Milner, R. S., 280
Milton, John, 779
Mimicry, 671
Minchin, E. A., 267, 444, 449, 455
Minimal areas, 208, 215, 225, 293, 306, 336, 349
Minot, C. S., 37, 72, 722
Miohippus, 767
Mitchell, P. Chalmers, 703
Mitosis, 170
Mitra, 557, 559
Möbius, K., 449
Modiola, 562
Mohl, H. von, 624
Molar and molecular forces, 53
Mole-cricket, chromosomes of, 181
Molecular asymmetry, 416
Molecules, 41
Möller, V. von, 593
Monnier, A., 78, 132
Monticulipora, 326
Moore, B., 272
Morey, S., 264
Morgan, T. H., 126, 134, 138, 147
Morita, 699
Morphodynamique, 156
Morphologie synthétique, 420
Morphology, 719, etc.
Morse, Max, 136
Moseley, H., 8, 518, 521, 538, 553, 555, 592
Moss, embryo of, 374;
gemma of, 403;
rhizoids of, 356
Mouillard, L. P., 27
Mouse, growth of, 82
Mucor, sporangium of, 303
Müllenhof, K. von, 25, 332
Müller, Fritz, 3;
Johannes, 459, 481
Mummery, J. H., 425
Munro, H., 323
Musk-ox, horns of, 615
Mya, 422, 561
Myonemes, 562
Naber, H. A., 511, 650
Nägeli, C., 124, 159, 210
Nassellaria, 472
Natica, 554, 557, 559
Natural selection, 4, 58, 137, 456, 586, 609, 651, 653
Naumann, C. F., 529, 531, 539, 550, 577, 594, 636;
J. F., 653
Nautilus, 355, 494, 501, 515, 518, 532, 535, 546, 552, 557, 575, 577,
580, 592, 633;
hood of, 554;
kidney of, 425;
N. umbilicatus, 542, 547, 554
Nebenkern, 285
Neottia, pollen of, 396
Nereis, egg of, 342, 378, 453
Nerita, 522, 555
Neumayr, M., 608
Neutral zone, 674, 676, 686
Newton, 1, 6, 158, 643, 721
Nicholson, H. A., 325, 327
Noctiluca, 246
Nodoid, 218, 223
Nodosaria, 262, 535, 604
Norman, A. M., 465
Norris, Richard, 272
Nostoc, 300, 313
Notosuchus, 753
Nuclear spindle, 170;
structure, 166
Nummulites, 504, 552, 591
Nussbaum, M., 198
Oekotraustes, 550
Ogilvie-Gordon, M. M., 423
Oil-globules, Plateau’s, 219
Oithona, 742
Oken, L., 4, 635
Oliva, 554
Ootype, 660
Operculina, 594
Operculum of gastropods, 521
Oppel, A., 88
Optimum temperature, 110
Orbitolites, 605
Orbulina, 59, 225, 257, 587, 598, 604, 607
Organs, growth of, 88
Orthagoriscus, 751, 775, 777
Orthis, 561, 567
Orthoceras, 515, 548, 551, 556, 579, 735
Orthogenesis, 549
Orthogonal trajectories, 305, 377, 400, 640, 678
Orthostichies, 649
Orthotoluidene, 219
Oryx, horns of, 616
Osborn, H. F., 714, 727, 760
Oscillatoria, 300
Osmosis, 124, 287, etc.
Osmunda, 396, 406
Ostrea, 562
Ostrich, 25, 707, 708
Ostwald, Wilhelm, 44, 131, 426;
Wolfgang, 32, 77, 82, 132, 277, 281
Otoliths, 425, 432
Ovis Ammon, 614
Owen, Sir R., 20, 575, 654, 669, 715
Ox, cannon-bone of, 730, 738;
growth of, 102
Oxalate, calcium, 412, 434
Palaeechinus, 663
Palm, 624
Pander, C. H., 55
Pangenesis, 44, 157
Papillon, Fernand, 10
Pappus of Alexandria, 328
Parabolic girder, 693, 696
Parahippus, 767
Paralomis, 744
Paraphyses of mosses, 351
Parastichies, 640, 641
Passiflora, pollen of, 396
Pasteur, L., 416
Patella, 561
Pauli, W., 211, 434
Pearl, Raymond, 90, 97, 654
Pearls, 425, 431
Pearson, Karl, 36, 78
Peas, growth of, 112
Pecten, 562
Peddie, W., 182, 272, 344, 448
Pellia, spore of, 302
Pelseneer, P., 570
Pendulum, 30
Peneroplis, 606
Percentage-curves, Minot’s, 72
Pericline, 360
Periploca, pollen of, 396
Peristome, 239
Permeability, magnetic, 177, 182
Perrin, J., 43, 46
Peter, Karl, 117
Pettigrew, J. B., 490
Pfeffer, W., 111, 273, 688
Pflüger, E., 680
Phagocytosis, 211
Phascum, 408
Phase of curve, 68, 81, etc.
Phasianella, 557, 559
Phatnaspis, 482
Phillipsastraea, 327
Philolaus, 779
Pholas, 561
Phormosoma, 664
Phractaspis, 484
Phyllotaxis, 635
Phylogeny, 196, 251, 548, 716
Pike, F. H., 110
Pileopsis, 555
Pinacoceras, 584
Pithecanthropus, 772
Pith of rush, 335
Plaice, 98, 105, 117, 432, 710, 774
Planorbis, 539, 547, 554, 557, 559
Plateau, F., 30, 232;
J. A. F., 192, 212, 218, 239, 275, 297, 374, 477
Plato, 2, 478, 720;
Platonic bodies, 478
Plesiosaurs, 755
Pleurocarpus, 289
Pleuropus, 573
Pleurotomaria, 557
Plumulariidae, 747
Pluteus larva, 392, 415
Podocoryne, 342
Poincaré, H., 134
Poiseuille, J. L. M., 669
Polar bodies, 179;
furrow, 310, 340
Polarised light, 418
Polarity, morphological, 166, 168, 246, 295, 284
Pollen, 396, 399
Polyhalite, 433
Polyprion, 749, 776
Polyspermy, 193
Polytrichum, 355
Pomacanthus, 749
Popoff, M., 286
Potamides, 554
Potassium, in living cells, 288
Potential energy, 208, 294, 601, etc.
Potter’s wheel, 238
Potts, R., 126
Pouchet, G., 415
Poulton, E. B., 670
Poynting, J. H., 235
Precocious segregation, 348
Preformation, 54, 159
Prenant, A., 163, 104, 189, 286, 289
Prévost, Pierre, 18
Pringsheim, N., 377
Probabilities, theory of, 61
Productus, 567
Protective colouration, 671
Protococcus, 59, 300, 410
Protoconch, 531
Protohippus, 767
Protoplasm, structure of, 172
Przibram, Hans, 16, 82, 107, 149, 204, 211, 418, 595;
Karl, 46
Psammobia, 564
Pseuopriacauthus, 749
Pteranodon, 756
Pteris, antheridia of, 409
Pteropods of, 258, 570
Pulvinulina, 514, 595, 600, 602
Pupa, 530, 549, 556
Pütter, A., 110, 211, 492
Pyrosoma, egg of, 377
Pythagoras, 2, 509, 651, 720, 779
Quadrant, bisection of, 359
Quekett, J. T., 423
Quetelet, A., 61, 78, 93
Quincke, G. H., 187, 191, 279, 421
Rabbit, skull of, 764
Rabl, K., 36, 310
Radial co-ordinates, 730
Radiolaria, 252, 264, 457, 467, 588, 607
Rainey, George, 7, 420, 431, 434
Rainfall and growth, 121
Ram, horns of, 613–624
Ramsden, W., 282
Ramulina, 255
Rankine, W. J. Macquorn, 697, 712
Ransom’s waves, 164
Raphides, 412, 429, 434
Raphidiophrys, 460, 463
Rasumowsky, 683
Rat, growth of, 106
Rath, O. vom, 181
Rauber, A., 200, 305, 310, 380, 382, 398, 677, 683
Ray, John, 3
Rayleigh, Lord, 43, 44
Réaumur, R. A. de, 8, 108, 329
Reciprocal diagrams, 697
Rees, R. van, 374
Regeneration, 138
Reid, E. Waymouth, 272
Reinecke, J. C. M., 528
Reinke, J., 303, 305, 355, 356
Reniform shape, 735
Reticularia, 569
Reticulated patterns, 258
Réticulum plasmatique, 468
Rhabdammina, 589
Rheophax, 263
Rhinoceros, 612, 760
Rhumbler, L., 162, 165, 260, 322, 344, 465, 466, 589, 590, 595, 599,
608, 628
Rhynchonella, 561
Riccia, 372, 403, 405
Rice, J., 242, 273
Richardson, G. M., 416
Riefstahl, E., 578
Riemann, B., 385
Ripples, 33, 261, 323
Rivularia, 300
Roaf, H. C., 272
Robert, A., 306, 339, 348, 377
Roberts, C., 61
Robertson, T. B., 82, 132, 191, 192
Robinson, A., 681
Rörig, A., 628
Rose, Gustav, 421
Rossbach, M. J., 165
Rotalia, 214, 535, 602
Rotifera, cells of, 38
Roulettes, 218
Roux, W., 8, 55, 57, 157, 194, 378, 383, 666, 683
Ruled surfaces, 230, 270, 582
Ruskin, John, 20
Russow, ——, 73, 75
Ryder, J. A., 376
Sachs, J., 35, 38, 95, 108, 110, 111, 200, 360, 398, 399, 624, 635,
640, 651, 680
Sachs’s rule, 297, 300, 305, 347, 376
Saddles, of ammonites, 583
Sagrina, 263
St Venant, Barré de, 621, 627
Salamander, sperm-cells of, 179
Salpingoeca, 248
Salt, crystals of, 429
Salvinia, 377
Samec, M., 434
Samter, M. and Heymons, 130
Sandberger, G., 539
Sapphirina, 742
Saville Kent, W., 246, 247, 248
Scalaria, 526, 547, 554, 557, 559
Scale, effect of, 17, 438
Scaphites, 550
Scapula, human, 769
Scarus, 749
Schacko, G., 604
Schaper, A. A., 83
Schaudinn, F., 46, 286
Scheerenumkehr, 149
Schewiakoff, W., 189, 462
Schimper, C. F., 502, 636
Schmaltz, A., 675
Schmankewitsch, W., 130
Schmidt, Johann, 85, 87, 118
Schönflies, A., 202
Schultze, F. E., 452, 454
Schwalbe, G., 666
Schwann, Theodor, 199, 380, 591
Schwartz, Fr., 172
Schwendener, S., 210, 305, 636, 678
Scorpaena, 749
Scorpioid cyme, 502
Scott, E. L., 110;
W. B., 768
Scyromathia, 744
Searle, H., 491
Sea urchins, 661;
egg of, 173;
growth of, 117, 147
Sebastes, 749
Sectio aurea, 511, 643, 649
Sedgwick, A., 197, 199
Sédillot, Charles E., 688
Segmentation of egg, 57, 310, 344, 382, etc.;
spiral do., 371, 453
Segner, J. A. von, 205
Selaginella, 404
Semi-permeable membranes, 272
Sepia, 575, 577
Septa, 577, 592
Serpula, 603
Sexual characters, 135
Sharpe, D., 728
Shearing stress, 684, 730, etc.
Sheep, 613, 730, 738
Shell, formation of, 422
Sigaretus, 554
Silkworm, growth of, 83
Similitude, principle of, 17
Sims Woodhead, G., 414, 434
Siphonogorgia, 413
Skeleton, 19, 438, 675, 691, etc.
Snow crystals, 250, 480, 611
Soap-bubbles, 43, 219, 299, 307, etc.
Socrates, 8
Sohncke, L. A., 202
Solanum, 625
Solarium, 547, 554, 557, 559
Solecurtus, 564
Solen, 565
Sollas, W. J., 440, 450, 455
Solubility of salts, 434
Sorby, H. C., 412, 414, 728
Spallanzani, L., 138
Span of arms, 63, 93
Spangenberg, Fr., 342
Specific characters, 246, 380;
inductive capacity, 177;
surface, 32, 215
Spencer, Herbert, 18, 22
Spermatozoon, path of, 193
Sperm-cells of Crustacea, 273
Sphacelaria, 351
Sphaerechinus, 117, 147
Sphagnum, 402, 407
Sphere, 218, 225
Spherocrystals, 434
Spherulites, 422
Spicules, 282, 411, etc.
Spider’s web, 231
Spindle, nuclear, 169, 174
Spinning of protoplasm, 164
Spiral, geodetic, 488;
logarithmic, 493, etc.;
segmentation, 371, 453
Spireme, 173, 180
Spirifer, 561, 568
Spirillum, 46, 253
Spirochaetes, 46, 230, 266
Spirographis, 586
Spirogyra, 12, 221, 227, 242, 244, 275, 287, 289
Spirorbis, 586, 603
Spirula, 528, 547, 554, 575, 577
Spitzka, E. A., 92
Splashes, 235, 236, 254, 260
Sponge-spicules, 436, 440
Spontaneous generation, 420
Sporangium, 406
Spottiswoode, W., 779
Spray, 236
Stallo, J. B., 1
Standard deviation, 78
Starch, 432
Starling, E. H., 135
Stassfurt salt, 433
Stegocephalus, 746
Stegosaurus, 706, 707, 710, 754
Steiner, Jacob, 654
Steinmann, G., 431
Stellate cells, 335
Stentor, 147
Stereometry, 417
Sternoptyx, 748
Stillmann, J. D. B., 695
St Loup, R., 82
Stokes, Sir G. G., 44
Stolc, Ant., 452
Stomach, muscles of, 490
Stomata, 393
Stomatella, 554
Strasbürger, E., 35, 283, 409
Straus-Dürckheim, H. E., 30
Stream-lines, 250, 673, 736
Strength of materials, 676, 679
Streptoplasma, 391
Strophomena, 567
Studer, T., 413
Stylonichia, 133
Succinea, 556
Sunflower, 494, 635, 639, 688
Surface energy, 32, 34, 191, 207, 278, 293, 460, 599
Survival of species, 251
Sutures of cephalopods, 583
Swammerdam, J., 8, 87, 380, 528, 585
Swezy, Olive, 268
Sylvester, J. J., 723
Symmetry, meaning of, 209
Synapta, egg of, 453
Syncytium, 200
Synhelia, 327
Szielasko, A., 654
Tadpole, growth of, 83, 114, 138, 153
Tait, P. G., 35, 43, 207, 644
Taonia, 355, 356
Tapetum, 407
Tapir, 741, 763
Taylor, W. W., 277, 282, 426, 428
Teeth, 424, 612, 632
Telescopium, 557
Telesius, Bernardinus, 656
Tellina, 562
Temperature coefficient, 109
Terebra, 529, 557, 559
Terebratula, 568, 574, 576
Teredo, 414
Terni, T., 35
Terquem, O., 329
Tesch, J. J., 573
Tetractinellida, 443, 450
Tetrahedral symmetry, 315, 396, 476
Tetrakaidecahedron, 337
Tetraspores, 396
Textularia, 604
Thamnastraea, 327
Thayer, J. E., 672
Thecidium, 570
Thecosmilia, 325
Théel, H., 451
Thienemann, F. A. L., 653
Thistle, capitulum of, 639
Thoma, R., 666
Thomson, James, 18, 259;
J. A., 465;
J. J., 235, 280;
Wyville, 466
Thurammina, 256
Thyroid gland, 136
Time-element, 51, 496, etc.;
time-energy diagram, 63
Tintinnus, 248
Tissues, forms of, 293
Titanotherium, 704, 762
Tomistoma, 753
Tomlinson, C., 259, 428
Tornier, G., 707
Torsion, 621, 624
Trachelophyllum, 249
Transformations, theory of, 562, 719
Traube, M., 287
Trees, growth of, 119;
height of, 19
Trembley, Abraham, 138, 146
Treutlein, P., 510
Trianea, hairs of, 234
Triangle, properties of, 508;
of forces, 295
Triasters, 327
Trichodina, 252
Trichomastix, 267
Triepel, H., 683, 684
Triloculina, 595
Triton, 554
Trochus, 377, 557, 560;
embryology of, 340
Tröndle, A., 625
Trophon, 526
Trout, growth of, 94
Trypanosomes, 245, 266, 269
Tubularia, 125, 126, 146
Turbinate shells, 534
Turbo, 518, 555
Turgor, 125
Turner, Sir W., 769
Turritella, 489, 524, 527, 555, 557, 559
Tusks, 515, 612
Tutton, A. E. H., 202
Twining plants, 624
Tyndall, John, 428
Umbilicus of shell, 547
Underfeeding, effect of, 106
Undulatory membrane, 266
Unduloid, 218, 222, 229, 246, 256
Unio, 341
Univalve shells, 553
Urechinus, 664
Vaginicola, 248
Vallisneri, Ant., 138
Van Iterson, G., 595
Van Rees, R., 374
Van’t Hoff, J. H., 1, 110, 433
Variability, 78, 103
Venation of wings, 385
Verhaeren, Emile, 778
Verworn, M., 198, 211, 467, 605
Vesque, J., 412
Vierordt, K., 73
Villi, 32
Vincent, J. H., 323
Vines, S. H., 502
Virchow, R., 200, 286
Vital phenomena, 14, 417, etc.
Vitruvius, 740
Volkmann, A. W., 669
Voltaire, 4, 146
Vorticella, 237, 246, 291
Wager, H. W. T., 259
Walking, 30
Wallace, A. R., 5, 432, 549
Wallich-Martius, 77
Warburg, O., 161
Warburton, C., 233
Ward, H. Marshall, 133
Warnecke, P., 93
Watase, S., 378
Water, in growth, 125
Watson, F. R., 323
Weber, E. H., 210, 259, 669;
E. H. and W. E., 30;
Max, 91
Weight, curve of, 64, etc.
Weismann, A., 158
Werner, A. G., 19
Wettstein, R. von, 728
Whale, affinities, 716;
size, 21;
structure, 708
Whipple, I. L., 123
Whitman, C. O., 157, 164, 193, 194, 199, 200
Whitworth, W. A., 506, 512
Wiener, A. F., 45
Wildeman, E. de, 307, 355
Willey, A., 425, 548, 555, 578
Williamson, W. C., 423, 609
Willughby, Fr., 318
Wilson, E. B., 150, 163, 173, 195, 199, 311, 341, 342, 398, 453
Winge, O., 433
Winter eggs, 283
Wissler, Clark, 79
Wissner, J., 636
Wöhler, Fr., 416, 420
Wolff, J., 683;
J. C. F., 3, 51, 155
Wood, R. W., 590
Woods, R. H., 666
Woodward, H., 578;
S. P., 554, 567
Worthington, A. M., 235, 254
Wreszneowski, A., 249
Wright, Chauncey, 335
Wright, T. Strethill, 210
Wyman, Jeffrey, 335
Yeast cell, 213, 242
Yield-point, 679
Yolk of egg, 165, 660
Young, Thomas, 9, 36, 669, 691
Zangger, H., 282
Zeising, A., 636, 650
Zeleny, C., 149
Zeuglodon, 716
Zeuthen, H. G., 511
Ziehen, Ch., 92
Zittel, K. A. von, 325, 327, 548, 584
Zoogloea, 282
Zschokke, F., 683
Zsigmondy, 39
Zuelzer, M., 165
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Page 463n. Changed “Raphidophrys” to “Raphidiophrys”.
Page 543. The Unicode character [⪌ u+2a8c greater-than above
double-line equal above less-than] is pretty rare, and may not display
properly in most fonts. An image is used instead of the Unicode in all
but the simple text edition.
Page 676. The Unicode character [⌶ u+2336 APL functional symbol i-beam]
is also unusual. An image is substituted in all but the simple text
edition.
Page 748. Changed “Fig. 474” to “Fig. 374”.
Page 768. Changed “in the case of _Pro ohippus_” to “in the case of
_Protohippus_”. ¶ There were three footnotes on this page, but only two
footnote anchors. The second footnote, missing an anchor, said Ҡ Cf.
_Zittel, Grundzüge d. Palaeontologie_, p. 463, 1911.”
End of Project Gutenberg's On Growth and Form, by D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson