Benevolence and Conscientiousness, if religiously educated, may be
religious, yet will place religion more in works than faith, in duty than
in prayer, and be more moral than pious; in his prayers will supplicate
blessings upon mankind; and with Conscientiousness large, will confess sin
more than express an awe of God; with large reflectives, can worship no
further than it sees a _reason_; with moderate Spirituality and
Conscientiousness, cares little for religion as such, but with large
Benevolence, places religion mainly in doing good, etc.; and is by no
means conservative in religion, but takes liberal views of religious
subjects; and is religious only when this faculty is considerably excited:
p. 150.
SMALL.--Experiences little devotion or respect, and is deficient in
fervor; cares little for religious observances, and is not easily
impressed with the worshiping sentiment: p. 150.
VERY SMALL.--Is almost destitute in feeling and practice of this
sentiment.
19. BENEVOLENCE.
KINDNESS; HUMANITY; desire to make OTHERS happy; a SELF-SACRIFICING
disposition; PHILANTHROPY; GENEROSITY; the ACCOMODATING, NEIGHBORLY
spirit. Adapted to man's capability of making his fellow-men happy.
Perversion--misplaced sympathies.
LARGE.--Delights to do good; makes personal sacrifices to make others
happy; cannot witness pain or distress, and does what it well can to
relieve them; manifests a perpetual flow of disinterested goodness; with
large Adhesiveness, Ideality, and Approbativeness, and only average
propensities and Self-Esteem, is remarkable for practical goodness; lives
more for others than self; with large domestic organs, makes great
sacrifices for family; with large reflectives, is perpetually reasoning on
the evils of society, the way to obviate them, and to render mankind
happy; with large Adhesiveness is hospitable; with moderate
Destructiveness cannot witness pain or death, and disapproves of capital
punishment; with moderate Acquisitiveness, gives freely to the needy, and
never exacts dues from the poor; with large Acquisitiveness, helps others
to help themselves rather than gives money; with large Combativeness,
Destructiveness, Self-Esteem, and Firmness, at times evinces harshness,
yet is generally kindly disposed: p. 155.
[Illustration: No. 77. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 78. SMALL.]
VERY LARGE.--Is deeply and thoroughly embued with a benevolent spirit;
with large Adhesiveness and moderate Acquisitiveness, is too ready to help
friends; and with large Hope added, especially inclined to endorse for
them, which he should forswear not to do; with large Acquisitiveness,
bestows time more freely than money, yet will also give the latter; but
with only average or full Acquisitiveness freely bestows both substance
and personal aid; with large Veneration and only full Acquisitiveness,
gives freely to religious objects; with large Combativeness and
Destructiveness, is more severe in word than deed, and threatens more than
executes; with larger moral than animal organs, literally overflows with
sympathy and practical goodness, and reluctantly causes others trouble;
with large reasoning organs, is a true philanthropist, and takes broad
views of reformatory measures; with large Adhesiveness and
Philoprogenitiveness is pre-eminently qualified for nursing; with large
Causality, is an excellent adviser of friends, etc., and should not let
sympathy overrule judgment. See Benevolence large for additional
combinations: p. 157.
FULL.--Shows a good degree of kind, neighborly, and humane feeling, except
when the selfish faculties overrule it, yet is not remarkable for
disinterestedness; with large Adhesiveness, manifests kindness toward
friends; and with large Combativeness and Destructiveness, is unrelenting
toward enemies; with large Acquisitiveness, is benevolent when it can make
money thereby; with large Conscientiousness, is more just than kind, and
with large Combativeness and Destructiveness, is unrelenting toward the
offending: p. 158.
AVERAGE.--Manifests kindness only in conjunction with Adhesiveness and
other large faculties; and with only full Adhesiveness, if kind is so for
selfish purposes; with large Acquisitiveness, gives little or nothing, yet
may sometimes do favors; with large Veneration, is more devout than
humane; and with only full reasoning organs, is no philanthropist or
reformer: p. 153.
MODERATE.--Allows the selfish faculties to infringe upon the happiness of
others; with large Combativeness, Destructiveness, Self-Esteem, and
Firmness, is comparatively hardened to suffering; and with Acquisitiveness
and Secretiveness added, evinces almost unmitigated selfishness.
SMALL.--Cares little for the happiness of man or brute, and does still
less to promote them; makes no disinterested self-sacrifices; is callous
to human woe; does few acts of kindness, and those grudgingly, and has
unbounded selfishness: p. 159.
VERY SMALL.--Feels little and evinces none of this sentiment, but is as
selfish as the other faculties will allow him to be: p. 159.
20. CONSTRUCTIVENESS.
The MAKING instinct; the TOOL-using talent; SLEIGHT of hand in
constructing things. Adapted to man's need of things made, such as houses,
clothes, and manufacturing articles of all kinds. Perverted, it wastes
time and money on perpetual motion, and other like futile inventions.
LARGE.--Loves to make; is able to, and disposed to tinker, mend, and fix
up, build, manufacture, employ machinery, etc.; shows mechanical skill
and dexterity in whatever is done with the hands; with large Causality
and perceptives, is given to inventing; and with large Imitation added,
can make from a pattern, and both copy the improvements of others, and
supply defects by its own inventions, as well as improve on the mechanical
contrivances of others; with the mental temperament, and large
intellectual organs and Ideality, employs ingenuity in constructing
sentences and arranging words, and forming essays, sentiments, books,
etc.: p. 161.
VERY LARGE.--Shows extraordinary ingenuity, and a perfect passion for
making every thing; with large Imitation, Form, Size, and Locality, has
first-rate talents as an artist, and for drawing, engraving, etc.; and
with Color added, is an excellent limner; with Ideality, adds niceness to
skill; with large Causality, adds invention to execution, etc.: p. 162.
[Illustration: No. 79. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 80. SMALL.]
FULL.--Can, when occasion requires, employ tools and use the hands in
making, tinkering, and fixing up, and turn off work with skill, yet has no
great natural passion or ability therein; with practice, can be a good
workman; without it, would not excel: p. 163.
AVERAGE.--Like full, only less gifted in this respect: p. 160.
MODERATE.--Is rather awkward in the use of tools, and in manual operations
of every kind; with large Causality and perceptives, shows more talent in
inventing than executing, yet no great in either; with the mental
temperament, evinces some mental construction, yet no great physical
ingenuity: p. 163.
SMALL.--Is deficient in the tool-using capability; awkward in making and
fixing up things; poor in understanding and managing machinery; takes hold
of work awkwardly and wrong end first; writes poorly, and lacks both
mental and physical construction: p. 163.
VERY SMALL.--Can make nothing, except in the most awkward manner: p. 168.
21. IDEALITY.
[Illustration: No. 81. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 82. SMALL.]
Perception and admiration of the BEAUTIFUL and perfect; good TASTE and
refinement; PURITY of feeling; sense of PROPRIETY, ELEGANCE, and
GENTILITY; POLISH and IMAGINATION. Adapted to the beautiful in nature and
art. Perverted, it gives fastidiousness and extra niceness.
LARGE.--Appreciates and enjoys beauty and perfection wherever found,
especially in nature; is graced by purity and propriety of expression and
conduct; by gracefulness and polish of manners, and general good taste; is
pure-minded; enjoys the ideal of poetry, elegance, and romance; longs
after perfection of character, and desires to obviate blemishes, and with
Conscientiousness large, moral imperfections; with large social organs,
evinces a nice sense of propriety in friendly intercourse; with large
Alimentiveness, eats in a becoming and genteel manner; with large moral
organs, appreciates most highly perfection of character, or moral beauties
and excellences; with large reflectives, adds a high order of sense and
strength of mind to beauty and perfection of character; with large
perceptives, is gifted with a talent for the study of nature, etc.: p.
166.
VERY LARGE.--Has a rich and glowing imagination and a very high order of
taste and love of perfection; is disgusted with whatever is gross, vulgar
or out of taste; with only average Causality, has more outside polish than
solidity of mind; and more exquisiteness than sense: p. 167.
FULL.--Evinces a good share of taste and refinement, yet not a high order
of them, except in those things in which it has been vigorously
cultivated; with large Language, Eventuality, and Comparison may compose
with elegance, and speak with much natural eloquence, yet will have more
force of thought than beauty of diction; with large Constructiveness, will
use tools with considerable taste, yet more skill; with large
Combativeness and Destructiveness, shows general refinement, except when
provoked, and is then grating and harsh; with large moral organs evinces
more moral beauty and harmony than personal neatness; with large
intellectual organs, possesses more beauty of mind than regard for looks
and outside appearances, and prefers the sensible to the elegant and nice,
etc.: p. 168.
AVERAGE.--Prefers the plain and substantial to the ornamental, and is a
utilitarian; with large intellectual organs, prefers sound, solid matter
to the ornament of style, and appreciates logic more than eloquence; with
Benevolence and Adhesiveness large, is hospitable, and evinces true
cordiality, yet cares nothing for ceremony; with Approbativeness large,
may try to be polite, but makes an awkward attempt, and is rather
deficient in taste and elegance; with Constructiveness large, makes things
that are solid and serviceable, but does not polish them off; with
Language large, talks directly to the purpose, without paying much
attention to the mode of expression, etc.: p. 160.
MODERATE.--Rather lacks taste in manners and expression; has but little of
the sentimental or finished; should cultivate harmony and perfection of
character, and endeavor to polish up; with large propensities, evinces
them in rather a coarser and grosser manner, and is more liable to their
perverted action than when this faculty is large, and is homespun in every
thing: p. 163.
SMALL.--Shows a marked deficiency in whatever appertains to taste and
style, also to beauty and sentiment: p. 163.
VERY SMALL.--Is almost deficient in taste, and evinces none: p. 164.
B. SUBLIMITY.
Perception and appreciation of the VAST, ILLIMITABLE, ENDLESS, OMNIPOTENT,
and INFINITE. Adapted to that infinitude which characterizes every
department of nature. Perverted, it leads to bombast, and a wrong use of
extravagant ideas.
LARGE.--Appreciates and admires the grand, sublime, vast, magnificent, and
splendid in nature and art; admires and enjoys exceedingly mountain
scenery, thunder, lightning, tempests, vast prospects, and all that is
awful and magnificent, also the foaming, dashing cataract, a storm at sea;
the lightning's vivid flash, and its accompanying thunder; the commotion
of the elements, and the star-spangled canopy of heaven, and all
manifestations of omnipotence and infinitude; with large Veneration, is
particularly delighted by the infinite as appertaining to the Deity, and
his attributes and works; and with large Time added, has unspeakably grand
conceptions of infinitude as applicable to devotion, past and future, and
to the character and works of the Deity; with large intellectual organs,
takes a comprehensive view of subjects, and gives illimitable scope to his
investigations and conceptions, so that they will bear being carried out
to any extent; and with Ideality large, adds the beautiful and perfect to
the sublime and infinite.
VERY LARGE.--Has a passion for the wild, romantic, and infinite. See
large.
FULL.--Enjoys grandeur, sublimity, and infinitude quite well, and imparts
considerable of this element to his thoughts, emotions, and expressions;
evinces the same qualities as large, only in a less degree.
AVERAGE.--Possesses considerable of this element, when it is powerfully
excited, yet under ordinary circumstances, only an ordinary share of it.
MODERATE.--Is rather deficient in the conception and appreciation of the
inimitable and infinite; and with Veneration moderate, fails to appreciate
this element in nature and her Author.
SMALL.--Shows a marked deficiency in this respect, and should earnestly
cultivate it.
VERY SMALL.--Is almost destitute of these emotions and conceptions.
22. IMITATION.
Ability and disposition to COPY, TAKE PATTERN, and IMITATE. Adapted to
man's requisition for doing, talking, acting, etc., like others.
Perverted, it copies even their faults.
[Illustration: No. 83. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 84. SMALL.]
LARGE.--Has a great propensity and ability to copy and take pattern from
others; do what is seen done; describes and acts out well; with large
Language, gesticulates much; with large perceptives, requires to be shown
but once; with large Constructiveness easily learns to use tools, and to
make things as others make them; and with small Continuity added, is a
jack-at-all-trades, and thorough in none; begins many things, but fails
to finish; with large Causality, perceptives, and an active temperament
added, may make inventions or improvements, but never completes one till
it makes another, or is always adding to them; with large Approbativeness,
copies after renowned men; with large Adhesiveness, it takes pattern from
friends; with large Language, imitates the style and mode of expression of
others; with large Mirthfulness and full Secretiveness, creates laughter
by taking off the oddities of people; with large Form, Size, and
Constructiveness, copies shape and proportions; with large Color, imitates
colors, and thus of all the other faculties: p. 170.
VERY LARGE.--Can mimic, act out, and pattern after almost any thing; with
large Mirthfulness, relates anecdotes to the very life; has a theatrical
taste and talent; gesticulates almost constantly while speaking; and, with
large Language, imparts an uncommon amount of EXPRESSION to countenance,
and every thing said; with large Individuality, Eventuality, Language,
Comparison, and Ideality, can make a splendid speaker; and with large
Mirthfulness, and full Secretiveness added, can keep others in a roar of
laughter, yet remain serious; with an uneven head, is droll and humorous
in the extreme; with large Approbativeness, delights in being the
sport-maker at parties, etc., and excels therein; with large
Constructiveness, Form, Size, Locality, and Comparison, full Color, and a
good temperament, and a full-sized brain, can make a very superior artist
of almost any kind; but with Color small, can engrave, draw, carve, model,
etc., better than paint: p. 171.
FULL.--Copies quite well, yet not remarkably so; with large Causality,
would rather invent a new way of doing things than copy the ordinary mode,
and evinces considerable imitating talent when this faculty works in
conjunction with large organs, but little otherwise: p. 171.
AVERAGE.--Can copy tolerably well when this faculty is strongly excited,
yet is not a mimic, nor a natural copyist; with only full
Constructiveness, evinces little manual dexterity; yet with large
Causality, can originate quite well, and evinces no great disposition or
ability to copy either the excellences or deficiencies of others, but
prefers to be original: p. 169.
MODERATE.--Has little inclination to do what, and as, others do; but with
large Causality, prefers to strike out a new course, and invent a plan of
its own; with large Self-Esteem added, has an excellent conceit of that
plan; but if Causality is only fair, is full of original device, yet they
do not amount to any great things: p. 171.
SMALL.--Copies even commonplace matter with extraordinary difficulty and
reluctance; is original, and generally does every thing in its own way: p.
172.
VERY SMALL.--Possesses scarcely any, and manifests no disposition or
ability to copy any thing, not even enough to learn to talk well: p. 172.
23. MIRTHFULNESS.
[Illustration: No. 85. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 86. SMALL.]
Intuitive perception of the absurd and ridiculous; disposition and ability
to joke and make fun, and laugh at what is improper, ill-timed, or
unbecoming; pleasantness; facetiousness. Adapted to the absurd,
inconsistent, and laughable. Perverted, it makes fun on solemn occasions,
and where there is nothing ridiculous at which to laugh.
LARGE.--Enjoys a hearty laugh at the expressions and absurdities of others
exceedingly, and delights to make fun out of every thing not exactly
proper or in good taste, and is always ready to give as good a joke as it
gets; with large Amativeness, loves to joke with and about the other sex,
and with large Imitation and Language added, to talk with and tell stories
to and about them; with large Combativeness and Ideality added, makes fun
of their imperfections in dress, expression, manners, etc., and hits them
off to admiration; with large Adhesiveness, Language, and Imitation is
excellent company; with large Causality, Comparison, and Combativeness,
argues mainly by ridicule or by showing up the absurdity of the opposite
side, and excels most in exposing the fallacy of other systems than in
propounding its own; with large Ideality, shows taste and propriety in its
witticisms, and with this faculty average or less, is often gross, and
with large Amativeness added, vulgar in jokes; with large Combativeness
and Destructiveness, makes many enemies; and with large Comparison added,
compares those disliked to something mean, disgusting, and ridiculous: p.
173.
VERY LARGE.--Shows an extraordinary disposition and capability to make
fun; is always laughing and making others laugh; with large Language,
Comparison, Imitation, Perceptives, and Adhesiveness, with moderate
Self-Esteem and Secretiveness, is "the fiddle of the company;" with only
average Ideality added, is clownish, and often says undignified and
perhaps low things to raise a laugh, and with only moderate Causality,
things that lack sense, etc.: p. 175.
FULL.--Possesses and evinces considerable of the fun-making disposition,
especially in the direction of the larger organs; with large or very large
Comparison, Imitation, and Approbativeness, and moderate Self-Esteem,
manifests more of the laughable and witty than is really possessed; may
make much fun and be called a wit; yet it will be owing more to what may
be called drollery than pure wit; with moderate Secretiveness and
Self-Esteem, and an excitable temperament, lets fly witty conceptions on
the spur of the moment, and thus increases their laughableness by their
being well timed, sudden, etc.: p. 175.
AVERAGE.--Is generally serious and sedate, except when this faculty is
excited, yet then often laughs heartily, and evinces considerable wit;
with large Individuality and Language, often says many laughable things,
yet they owe their wit more to argument or the criticism they embody, than
to this faculty: p. 172.
MODERATE.--Is generally serious, sedate, and sober, and with large
Self-Esteem, stern and dignified, nor companionable except when
Adhesiveness is large, and in company with intimate friends; with only
average Ideality and Imitation, is very poor in joking, has to expand
witticisms, and thereby spoils them; has some witty ideas, yet lacks in
perceiving and expressing them; fails to please others in witticisms, and
with large Approbativeness and Combativeness, is liable to become angry
when joked, and should cultivate this faculty by laughing and joking more:
p. 176.
SMALL.--Makes little fun; is slow to perceive, and still slower to turn
jokes; seldom laughs, and thinks it foolish or wrong to do so; with only
average Adhesiveness, is uncompanionable; with large reflectives and
Language, may do well in newspaper diction, yet not in debate: p. 177
VERY SMALL.--Has few, if any, witty ideas and conceptions: p. 177.
INTELLECTUAL FACULTIES.
KNOWING, REMEMBERING, and REASONING powers; general INTELLECTUAL
CAPABILITY and desire. Adapted to the physical and metaphysical.
Perverted, they apply their respective power to accomplish wrong ends.
LARGE.--Confer sufficient natural talent, and intellectual capability to
take a high stand among men; give strength of mind, superior judgment, and
power both of acquiring knowledge easily, and reasoning profoundly. Their
direction depends upon the other faculties; with large animal organs and
weak morals, they make philosophical sensualists; with large moral and
weaker animal organs, moral and religious philosophers, etc.
VERY LARGE.--Give natural greatness of intellect and judgment, and a high
order of natural talents; confer superior judgment and a high order of
sound sense, with an original, capacious, comprehensive mind which can
hardly fail to make its mark.
FULL.--Has good intellectual capabilities and much strength of mind,
provided it is well cultivated; with large Acquisitiveness, a talent for
acquiring property; with large moral organs, enlighten and improve the
moral character; with large Constructiveness, give mechanical
intelligence, etc.
AVERAGE.--Evinces fair mental powers, provided they are cultivated,
otherwise only moderate intellectual capabilities; with an excitable
temperament, allow the feelings and larger faculties to control judgment;
with large moral organs, has more piety than talents, and allows religious
prejudices and preconceived doctrines to prevent impartial intellectual
examination; with moderate Acquisitiveness, will never acquire property;
with average Constructiveness, will be a poor mechanic, etc.
MODERATE.--Is rather deficient in sense and judgment, yet not palpably so;
can be easily imposed upon; is deficient in memory, and rather wanting in
judgment, comprehension, and intellectual capacity.
SMALL.--Is decidedly deficient in mind; slow and dull of comprehension;
lacks sense, and has poor powers of memory and reason.
VERY SMALL.--Is a natural idiot.
These faculties are divided into the three following classes, which, when
large, confer three kinds of talent.
SPECIES 1ST.--THE PERCEPTIVE FACULTIES.
These bring man into direct intercourse with the physical world; take
cognizance of the physical qualities of material things; give practical
judgment, and a practical cast of mind.
LARGE.--Judges correctly of the various qualities and relations of matter;
with Acquisitiveness large, forms correct ideas of the value of property,
goods, etc., and what kinds are likely to rise in value, and makes good
bargains; with large Constructiveness, render important service in
mechanical operations, and give very good talents for building machinery,
superintending workmen, etc.; with the mental temperament and large
intellectuals added, confer a truly scientific cast of mind, and a talent
for studying the natural sciences, and are useful in almost every
department and situation in life; with an active temperament and good
general advantages, know a good deal about matters and things in general;
give quickness of observation and perception and matter-of-fact,
common-sense tact, and will show off to excellent advantage, appear to
know all that they really do, perhaps more; confer a talent for acquiring
and retaining knowledge with great facility, and attending to the details
of business; becoming an excellent scholar, etc.; and give a strong thirst
after knowledge.
VERY LARGE.--Are pre-eminent in these respects; know by intuition the
proper conditions, fitness, value, etc., of things; power of observation,
and ability to acquire knowledge, and a natural taste for examining;
collecting statistics, studying the natural sciences, etc. For
combinations see large.
FULL.--Confer fair perceptive powers, and a good share of practical sense;
learns and remembers most things quite well; loves reading and knowledge,
and with study can become a good scholar, yet not without it; with large
Acquisitiveness, judge of the value of things with sufficient correctness
to make good bargains, but with moderate Acquisitiveness, lacks such
judgment; with large Constructiveness, aided by experience, confer a good
mechanical mind, but without experience or only moderate Constructiveness
are deficient in this respect, etc.
AVERAGE.--Confer only fair perceptive and knowing powers, but, well
cultivated, know considerable about matters and things, and learn with
tolerable ease; yet without cultivation are deficient in practicability of
talent, and capability of gathering and retaining knowledge. For
combinations see full.
MODERATE.--Are rather slow and dull of observation and perception, require
some time to understand things, and even then lacks specificness and
detail of knowledge; are rather deficient in matter-of-fact knowledge, and
show off to poor advantage; learn slowly and fail in off-hand judgment and
action; with only average Acquisitiveness, are deficient in judging of the
value of things, and easily cheated; and with moderate Language, are
rather wanting in practical talent, and cannot show advantageously what is
possessed.
SMALL.--Is very deficient in remembering and judging; lacks practical
sense, and should cultivate the knowing and remembering faculties.
VERY SMALL.--Sees few things, and knows almost nothing about the external
world, its qualities, and relations.
24. INDIVIDUALITY.
[Illustration: No. 87. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 88. SMALL.]
OBSERVATION; desire to SEE and EXAMINE; cognizance of individual OBJECTS.
Adapted to individual existence, or the THINGNESS of things; and is the
door through which most forms of knowledge enter the mind. Perverted it
makes the starer and the impudently observing.
LARGE.--Gives a great desire to see, know, examine, experience, etc.; is a
great and practical observer of men and things; sees whatever is
transpiring around, what should be done, etc.; is quick of perception,
knowing; with large Acquisitiveness, is quick to perceive whatever
appertains to property; with large Philoprogenitiveness, whatever concerns
its children; with large Alimentiveness, whatever belongs to the flavor or
qualities of food, and knows what things are good by looking at them; with
large Approbativeness or Self Esteem, sees quickly whatever appertains to
individual character, and whether it be favorable or unfavorable; with
large Conscientiousness, perceives readily the moral, or right and wrong
of things; with large Veneration, "sees God in clouds, and hears him in
the winds;" with large Ideality, is quick to perceive beauty, perfection,
and deformity; with large Form, notices the countenances and looks of all
it meets; with small Color, fails to observe tints, hues, and shades; with
large Order and moderate Ideality, perceives disarrangement at once, yet
fails to notice the want of taste or niceness. These and kindred
combinations show why some persons are very quick to notice some things,
but slow to observe others: p. 184.
VERY LARGE.--Has an insatiable desire to see and know every thing,
together with extraordinary powers of observation; cannot rest satisfied
till it knows the whole; individualizes every thing, and is very minute
and particular in its observation of things; with large Ideality, employs
many allegorical and like figures; with large Human Nature and Comparison,
observes every little thing which people say and do, and reads character
correctly from what smaller Individuality would not notice: p. 185.
FULL.--Has good observing powers, and much desire to see and know things,
yet is not remarkable in these respects; with large Acquisitiveness, but
moderate Ideality, is quick to notice whatever appertains to property, yet
fails to observe instances of beauty and deformity; but with large
Ideality and moderate Acquisitiveness, quickly sees beauty and deformity,
yet does not quickly observe the qualities of things or value of property;
with large Philoprogenitiveness and Ideality, sees at once indices of
beauty and perfection in children; but if Ideality and Language be
moderate, fails to perceive beauty of expression or sentiment etc.: p.
185.
AVERAGE.--Observes only the more conspicuous objects around it, and these
more in general than in detail, and what especially interests the larger
faculties: p. 183.
MODERATE.--Is rather deficient in observing disposition and capability,
and should cultivate this faculty; with large Locality, may observe places
sufficiently to find them again; with large Order, observes when things
are out of place; with large Causality, sees that it may find materials
for reasoning, etc.: p. 185.
SMALL.--Observes only what is thrust upon his attention, and is quite
deficient in this respect: p. 186.
VERY SMALL.--Sees scarcely any thing: p. 186.
25. FORM.
[Illustration: No. 89. LARGE. FORM, SIZE, AND COLOR.]
[Illustration: No. 90. SMALL. FORM, SIZE, AND COLOR.]
Cognizance and recollection of SHAPE; memory of COUNTENANCES and the LOOKS
of persons and things seen; perception of RESEMBLANCES, family likenesses,
etc. Adapted to shape. Perverted, sees imaginary shapes of persons,
things, etc.
LARGE.--Notices, and for a long time remembers, the faces, countenances,
forms, looks, etc., of persons, beasts, and things once seen; knows by
sight many whose name is not remembered; with Individuality large, both
observes and recollects persons and things, but with Individuality
moderate, fails to notice them, and hence to remember them, unless
business or something special draws attention to them; with large
Philoprogenitiveness, notices and recollects children, favorite animals,
etc.; with large Acquisitiveness, Individuality, and Locality, readily
detects counterfeits, etc.: p. 187.
VERY LARGE.--Possesses this capability in an extraordinary degree;
recognizes persons not seen for many years; with large Ideality, takes
extreme delight in beautiful forms; with large Spirituality, sees the
spirits of the departed; with disordered nerves, sees horrid images,
etc.: p. 188.
FULL.--Has a good recollection of the countenances of persons and shape of
things, yet not remarkably good unless this faculty has been quickened by
practice, or invigorated by some strong incentive to its action; with
large Ideality, will recollect beautiful shapes; with large Locality and
sublimity, beautiful and magnificent scenery, etc.; and should impress the
recollection of shape upon the mind: p. 188.
AVERAGE.--Has only a fair natural recollection of shapes, countenances,
etc.; yet with much practice may do tolerably well, but without practice
will be comparatively deficient in these respects; and should cultivate
this faculty: p. 186.
MODERATE.--Is rather deficient in recognizing persons before seen; fails
to recognize by their looks those who are related to each other by blood,
and should cultivate this faculty by trying to remember persons and
things: p. 189.
SMALL.--Has a poor recollection of persons, looks, etc.; often meets
persons the next day after an introduction, or an evening interview,
without knowing them; with Eventuality large, may remember their history,
but not their faces; with Locality large, where they were seen, but not
their looks, etc.: p. 189.
VERY SMALL.--Manifests scarcely any of this faculty: p. 189
26. SIZE.
Cognizance of BULK, MAGNITUDE, QUANTITY, PROPORTION, etc.; ability to
measure by the EYE. Adapted to the absolute and relative magnitude of
things. Perverted, it is pained by slight departures from proportion, or
architectural inaccuracies.
LARGE.--Has an excellent eye for measuring angles, proportions,
disproportions, and departures therefrom; and with large Constructiveness,
gives a good mechanical eye, and judges correctly of quantity in general;
loves proportion, and is pained by disproportion; and is necessary to
artisans, mechanics, all kinds of dealers, students, etc.: p. 190.
VERY LARGE.--Possesses this capability in an extraordinary degree, and is
pained in the extreme by the sight of disproportion; can tell how wide,
how far, how long, how much, etc., with very great accuracy; detects at
once the texture and quality or fineness or coarseness of goods, and
excels in judgment of property where bulk and value are to be estimated by
the eye, and can dispense with instruments in measuring: p. 191.
FULL.--Possesses a good share of this eye-measuring power, yet is not
remarkable; with practice, does well; without it, rather poorly; and does
well in its accustomed business: p. 191.
AVERAGE.--Has a fair eye for judging of bulk, weight, by the size, etc.,
and with practice would do tolerably well in this respect: p. 190.
MODERATE.--Measures by the eye rather inaccurately, and has poor judgment
of bulk, quantity, distance, and whatever is estimated by this faculty: p.
191.
SMALL.--Is obliged always to rely on actual measurements, because the eye
is too imperfect to be trusted: p. 191.
VERY SMALL.--Is almost destitute of this faculty: p. 192.
27. WEIGHT.
Intuitive perception and application of the laws of GRAVITY, MOTION, etc.
Adapted to man's requisition for motion. Perverted, it runs imminent risk
of falling.
LARGE.--Has an excellent faculty for preserving and regaining balance;
riding a fractious horse; skating; carrying a steady hand, etc.; easily
keeps from falling when aloft, or in dangerous places; throws a stone,
ball, or arrow straight; is pained at seeing things out of plumb; judges
of perpendiculars very exactly; loves to climb, walk on the edge of a
precipice, etc.; with Form and Size large, is an excellent marksman; with
Constructiveness large, possesses an excellent faculty for understanding
and working machinery; with Approbativeness large, is venturesome etc., to
show what risks it can run without falling: p. 193.
VERY LARGE.--Possesses these capabilities in an extraordinary degree; is a
dead shot; rarely ever falls, or is thrown from a horse: p. 194.
FULL.--Has a good degree of this faculty, and with practice excels, yet
without it is not remarkable: p. 194.
AVERAGE.--Like full, only less gifted in this respect; with only average
Constructiveness and perceptives, should never engage in working
machinery, because deficient in this talent: p. 192.
MODERATE.--Can keep the balance under ordinary circumstances, yet has
rather imperfect control over the muscles in riding a fractious horse or
walking a narrow beam aloft; with large Cautiousness, is timid in
dangerous places, and dare not trust itself far; is not first-rate in
skating, throwing, etc., unless rendered so by practice, and should
cultivate this faculty by climbing, balancing, throwing, etc.: p. 194.
SMALL.--Is quite liable to sea-sickness, dizziness when aloft, etc., and
naturally clumsy; with large Cautiousness, is afraid to walk over water,
even on a wide plank, and where there is no danger; never feels safe while
climbing, and falls easily: p. 195.
VERY SMALL.--Can hardly stand erect, and has very little control over the
muscles: p. 195.
28. COLOR.
Perception, recollection, and application, of COLORS, and DELIGHT in them.
Adapted to that infinite variety of coloring interspersed throughout
nature. Perverted, is over-particular to have colors just right.
LARGE.--Can discern and match colors by the eye with accuracy; with
Comparison large, can compare them closely, and detect similarities and
differences; with Constructiveness, Form, Size, and Imitation large or
very large, can excel in painting; but with Form and Size only average,
can paint better than draw; with Ideality large, is exceedingly delighted
with fine paintings, and disgusted with imperfect coloring; with large
Form and Size, manages the perspective of painting admirably: p. 195.
VERY LARGE.--Has a natural taste for painting; and with a large brain and
very large Constructiveness, Imitation, Form, and Size, and large Weight,
has a genius and passion for painting, and takes the utmost delight in
viewing harmonious colors: p. 196.
FULL.--Possesses a good share of coloring ability and talent provided it
has been cultivated; takes much pleasure in beautiful flowers, variegated
landscapes, beautifully colored fruits, etc.: p. 196.
AVERAGE.--Possesses a fair share of this talent, yet is not extraordinary:
p. 195.
MODERATE.--With practice, may judge of colors with considerable accuracy,
yet without it will be somewhat deficient in this respect; with large
Form, Size, Constructiveness, Ideality, and Imitation, may take an
excellent likeness, yet will fail somewhat in the coloring: p. 197.
SMALL.--Can tell the primitive colors from each other, yet rarely notices
the color of dress, eyes, hair, etc.; cannot describe persons and things
by them, and evinces a marked deficiency in coloring taste and talent: p.
197.
VERY SMALL.--Can hardly tell one color from another, or form any idea of
colors: p. 197.
29. ORDER.
METHOD, SYSTEM, ARRANGEMENT. Adapted to Heaven's first law. Perverted, it
overworks, and annoys others to keep things in order, and is tormented by
disarrangement.
LARGE.--Has a desire to conduct business on methodical principles, and to
be systematic in every thing; with large Acquisitiveness and Causality,
has good business talents; with large Locality, has a place for every
thing, and every thing in its place; with large Time, has a time for every
thing, and every thing in season; with large Continuity, Comparison, and
the mental temperament, has every idea, paragraph, and head of a subject
in its proper place; with large Constructiveness, has its tools where it
can always lay hands upon them in the dark; with large Combativeness, is
excessively vexed by disarrangement; with large Language, places every
word exactly right in the sentence; with large Approbativeness, is
inclined to conform to established usages; with large Size, must have
every thing in rows, or straight; and with large Ideality must have every
thing neat and nice as well as methodical, etc.: p. 199.
VERY LARGE.--Is very particular about order, even to old maidishness;
works far beyond strength to have things just so; and with large Ideality,
and an active temperament, and only fair Vitality, is liable to break down
health and constitution by overworking in order to have things extra nice,
and takes more pains to keep things in order than this order is worth;
with large Ideality, is fastidious about personal appearance, and extra
particular to have every little thing very nice; and with Acquisitiveness
added, cannot bear to have garments soiled, and is pained in the extreme
by grease spots, ink blots, and like deformities: p. 199.
FULL.--If educated to business habits, evinces a good degree of method,
and disposition to systematize, but without practice, may sometimes show
laxity; with a powerful mentality, but weaker muscles, likes to have
things in order, yet does not always keep them so; with large Causality
added, shows more mental than physical order; with large moral organs,
likes to have religious matters, codes of discipline, etc., rigidly
observed, and has more moral than personal method; with Acquisitiveness
and perceptives large, is sufficiently methodical for all practical
business purposes, yet not extra particular: p. 200.
AVERAGE.--Likes order, yet may not always keep it, and desires more than
it practically secures: p. 198.
MODERATE.--Is very apt to leave things where they were last used, and
lacks method; with Ideality moderate, lacks personal neatness, and should
cultivate this desirable element by being more particular: p. 201.
SMALL.--Has a very careless, inaccurate way of doing every thing; leaves
things where it happens; can never find what is wanted; takes a long time
to get ready, or else goes unprepared, and has every thing in perpetual
confusion: p. 201.
VERY SMALL.--Is almost wholly destitute of this arranging power and
desire: p. 201.
30. CALCULATION.
[Illustration: No. 91. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 92. SMALL.]
Cognizance of NUMBERS; ability to reckon figures IN THE HEAD; MENTAL
arithmetic. Adapted to the relations of numbers.
LARGE.--Excels in mental arithmetic, in adding, subtracting, multiplying,
dividing, reckoning figures, casting accounts, etc., in the head; with
large perceptives, has excellent business talents; and large Locality and
Causality added, excels as a mathematician: p. 202.
VERY LARGE.--Possesses this calculating capability in a most extraordinary
degree; can add several columns at once very rapidly and correctly, and
multiply and divide with the same intuitive powers; loves mental
arithmetic exceedingly well: p. 203.
FULL.--Possesses good calculating powers; with practice can calculate in
the head or by arithmetical rules easily and accurately, yet without
practice is not remarkable; with large Form, Size, Comparison, Causality,
and Constructiveness, can be a good geometrician or mathematician, yet
will do better in the higher branches than merely arithmetical: p. 204.
AVERAGE.--Can learn arithmetic and do quite well by practice, yet is not
naturally gifted in this respect: p. 202.
MODERATE.--Adds, subtracts, divides, and calculates with extreme
difficulty; with large Acquisitiveness and perceptives, will make a better
salesman than book-keeper: p. 204.
SMALL.--Is dull and incorrect in adding, subtracting, dividing, etc.;
dislikes figuring; is poor in arithmetic, both practical and theoretical,
and should cultivate this faculty: p. 205.
VERY SMALL.--Can hardly count, much less calculate: p. 205.
31. LOCALITY.
Cognizance of PLACE; recollection of the LOOKS of places, roads, scenery,
and the LOCATION of objects; WHERE on a page ideas are to be found, and
position generally; the GEOGRAPHICAL faculty; desire to SEE places, and
the ability to FIND them. Adapted to the arrangement of space and place.
Perverted, it creates a cosmopolitic disposition, and would spend every
thing in traveling.
LARGE.--Remembers the whereabout of whatever it sees; can carry the points
of the compass easily in the head, and is lost with difficulty either in
the city, woods, or country; desires to see places, and never forgets
them; studies geography and astronomy with ease; and rarely forgets where
things are seen; with Constructiveness, remembers the arrangement of the
various parts of a machine; with Individuality, Eventuality, and Human
Nature, loves to see men and things as well as places, and hence has a
passion for traveling: p. 205.
VERY LARGE.--Always keeps a correct idea of the relative and absolute
position, either in the deep forests or the winding street; cannot be
lost; is perfectly enamored of traveling; has literally a passion for it:
p. 206.
FULL.--Remembers places well, yet not extraordinarily so; can generally
find the way, yet may sometimes be lost or confused; with large
Eventuality, remembers facts better than places: p. 207.
AVERAGE.--Recollects places and positions seen several times, yet in city
or on roads is occasionally lost; has no great geographical talent, yet by
study and practice can do tolerably well: p. 205.
MODERATE.--Recollects places rather poorly; dare not trust itself in
strange places or large cities; is not naturally good in geography, and to
excel in it must study hard; should energetically cultivate this faculty
by localizing every thing, and remembering just how things are placed: p.
207.
SMALL.--Is decidedly deficient in finding places, and recollects them with
difficulty even when perfectly familiar with them: p. 208.
VERY SMALL.--Must stay at home unless accompanied by others, because it
cannot find the way back: p. 208.
LITERARY FACULTIES.
These collect information, anecdotes, and remember matters of fact and
knowledge in general, and give what is called a good memory. Adapted to
facts, dates, and the communication of ideas and feelings.
LARGE.--Render their possessor smart, knowing, and off-hand; enable him to
show off to good advantage in society; with large Ideality, give
brilliancy to talent.
VERY LARGE.--Is extraordinarily well informed, if not learned and
brilliant; according to his means is a first-rate scholar; has a literal
passion for literary pursuits, and a strong cast of mind.
FULL.--Give a fair, matter-of-fact cast of mind and knowing powers, fair
scholarship, and a good general memory.
AVERAGE.--If cultivated, give a good general memory and store considerable
knowledge; yet without cultivation only a commonplace memory, and no great
general knowledge.
MODERATE.--Know much more than they can think of at the time, or can tell;
with large reflective faculties, has more judgment than memory, and
strength of mind than ability to show off.
SMALL OR VERY SMALL.--Has a poor memory of most things, and inferior
literary capabilities.
32. EVENTUALITY.
Memory of FACTS; recollection of CIRCUMSTANCES, NEWS, OCCURRENCES, and
historical, scientific, and passing EVENTS; what has been SAID, SEEN,
HEARD, and once KNOWN. Adapted to ACTION, or those changes constantly
occurring around or within us.
LARGE.--Has a clear and retentive memory of historical facts, general
knowledge, what has been seen, heard, read, done, etc., even in detail;
considering advantages, is well informed and knowing; desires to witness
and institute experiments; find out what is and has been, and learn
anecdotes, particulars, and items of information, and readily recalls to
mind what has once entered it; has a good general matter-of-fact memory,
and picks up facts readily; with Calculation and Acquisitiveness,
remembers business matters, bargains, etc.; with large social feelings,
recalls friends to mind, and what they have said and done; and with large
Locality, associates facts with the place where they transpired, and is
particularly fond of reading, lectures, general news, etc., and can become
a good scholar: p. 210.
[Illustration: No. 93. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 94. SMALL.]
VERY LARGE.--Possesses a wonderfully retentive memory of every thing like
facts and incidents; with large Language and Imitation, tells a story
admirably, and excels in fiction, etc.; has a craving thirst for
knowledge, and literally devours books and newspapers, nor allows any
thing once in the mind to escape it: p. 211.
FULL.--Has a good general memory of matters and things, yet it is
considerably effected by cultivation, that is, has a good memory if it is
habitually exercised--if not, only an indifferent one; with large
Locality, recollects facts by associating them with the place, or by
recollecting where on a page they are narrated; with large reflectives,
remembers principles better than facts, and facts by associating them with
their principles; and with large Language, tells a story quite well: p.
212.
AVERAGE.--Recollects leading events and interesting particulars, yet is
rather deficient in memory of items and details, except when it is well
cultivated: p. 209.
MODERATE.--Is rather forgetful, especially in details; and with moderate
Individuality and Language, tells a story very poorly; and should
cultivate memory by its exercise: p. 212.
SMALL.--Has a treacherous and confused memory of circumstances; often
forgets what is wanted, what was intended to be said, done, etc.; has a
poor command of knowledge, and should strenuously exercise this
remembering power: p. 213.
VERY SMALL.--Forgets almost every thing, both generals and particulars: p.
213.
33. TIME.
Cognizance and recollection of DURATION and SUCCESSION; the LAPSE of time,
WHEN things occurred, etc., and ability to carry the time of the day in
the HEAD PUNCTUALLY. Adapted to periodicity. Perverted, it is excessively
pained by bad time in music, not keeping steps in walking, etc.
LARGE.--Can generally tell when things occurred, at least the order of
events and the length of time between one occurrence and another, etc.;
tells the time of day without timepiece or sun, well; and keeps an
accurate chronology in the mind, of dates, general and particular; with
large Eventuality, rarely forgets appointments, meetings, etc.; and is a
good historian: p. 215.
VERY LARGE.--Can tell the time of day almost as correctly as with a
timepiece, and the time that transpired between one event and another, and
is a natural chronologist: p. 216.
FULL.--With cultivation, can keep time in music, and also the time of day
in the head quite correctly; yet not exceedingly so: p. 216.
AVERAGE.--With practice, has a good memory of dates and successions, yet
without it is rather deficient: p. 214.
MODERATE.--Has a somewhat imperfect idea of time and dates; with moderate
Individuality, Eventuality, and Language, is a poor historian: p. 216.
SMALL.--Has a confused and indistinct idea of the time when things
transpired, and forgets dates: p. 217.
VERY SMALL.--Is almost wholly destitute of this faculty: p. 217.
34. TUNE.
Ability to learn and remember tunes BY ROTE; the MUSIC instinct and
faculty. Adapted to the musical octave. Perversion--excessive fondness for
music to the neglect of other things.
LARGE.--Loves music dearly; has a nice conception of concord, discord,
melody, etc., and enjoys all kinds of music; and with large Imitation,
Constructiveness, and Time, can make most kinds, and play well on musical
instruments; with large Ideality, imparts a richness and exquisiteness to
musical performances; has a fine taste and is tormented by discord, but
delighted by concord, and takes a great amount of pleasure in the exercise
of this faculty; with large Combativeness and Destructiveness, loves
martial music; with large Veneration, sacred music; with large
Adhesiveness and Amativeness, social and parlor music; with large Hope,
Veneration, and disordered nerves, plaintive, solemn music, etc.: p. 218.
VERY LARGE.--Possesses extraordinary musical taste and talent, and is
literally transported by good music; and with large Imitation and
Constructiveness, fair Time, and a fine temperament, is an exquisite
performer; learns tunes by hearing them sung once; sings in spirit and
with melting pathos; shows intuitive taste and skill; sings _from_ the
soul _to_ the soul: p. 219.
FULL.--Has a good musical ear and talent; can learn tunes by rote quite
well; and with large Ideality, Imitation, and Firmness, can be a good
musician, yet will require practice: p. 220.
AVERAGE.--Has fair musical talents, yet, to be a good musician, requires
considerable practice; can learn tunes by rote, yet with some difficulty;
with large Ideality and Imitation, may be a good singer or player, yet is
indebted more to art than nature, shows more taste than skill, and loves
music better than can make it: p. 217.
MODERATE.--Has no great natural taste or talent for music, yet, aided by
notes and practice, may sing and play quite well, but will be rather
mechanical; lacks that pathos and feeling which reaches the soul: p. 220.
SMALL.--Learns to sing or play tunes with great difficulty, and that
mechanically, without emotion or effect: p. 221.
VERY SMALL.--Has scarcely any musical idea or feeling, so little as hardly
to tell Yankee Doodle from Old Hundred: p. 221.
35. LANGUAGE.
[Illustration: No. 95. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 96. SMALL.]
Expression of ideas and feelings by words, written or spoken, gesture,
looks, and action; the COMMUNICATIVE faculty and instinct in general.
Adapted to man's requisition for holding communication with man.
Perverted, it creates garrulity, excessive talkativeness, telling what
does harm, etc.
LARGE.--Expresses ideas and feelings well, both verbally and in writing;
can learn to speak languages easily; recollects words and commits to
memory well; gives freedom, copiousness, and power of expression; with
large Amativeness, uses tender, winning, persuasive words; with large
Combativeness and Destructiveness, severe and cutting expressions; with
large moral faculties, words expressive of moral sentiments; with large
Acquisitiveness, describes in glowing colors what is for sale; with large
Ideality, employs richness and beauty of expression, and loves poetry and
oratory exceedingly; with large Imitation, expresses thoughts and emotions
by gesticulation; with activity great and Secretiveness small, shows in
the looks, thoughts, and feelings what is passing in the mind; with large
reflective faculties, shows thought and depth in the countenance; with
large Comparison, uses just the words which convey the meaning intended;
with large mentality, activity, Ideality, Individuality, Eventuality, and
Comparison, can make an excellent editor or newspaper writer; and with
large Causality added, a philosophical writer: p. 224.
VERY LARGE.--Possesses the communicative disposition and faculty in an
extraordinary degree; with activity and intellectuality great, throws an
extraordinary amount of feeling and soul into every expression and action;
is a natural linguist, and as fond of talking and writing as of eating;
with activity great, average Causality, large Combativeness, and a nervous
temperament, will be a scold: p. 226.
FULL.--Says well what it has to say, yet is not garrulous; with small
Secretiveness, says without qualification, and also distinctly and
pointedly; expresses the manifestations of the larger faculties with much
force, yet not of the smaller ones; with large Secretiveness and
Cautiousness, does not always speak to the purpose, and make itself fully
understood, but uses rather non-committal expressions; with large
Comparison, Human Nature, Causality, Ideality, activity, mentality, and
power, has first-rate writing talents, and can speak well, yet large
Secretiveness impairs speaking and writing talents by rendering them wordy
and non-committal: p. 227.
AVERAGE.--Has fair communicating talents, yet not extra; with activity
great and Secretiveness small, speaks right out and to the purpose, yet is
not eloquent, and uses commonplace words and expressions; with large
Individuality, Eventuality, and Comparison, and moderate Secretiveness,
can make an excellent writer by practice; uses none too many words, but
expresses itself clearly and to the point; with large Causality, has more
thought than language; with moderate Individuality and Eventuality, finds
it difficult to say just what it would, and is not fully and easily
understood; with large Ideality, has more beauty and elegance than
freedom: p. 222.
MODERATE.--Is not particularly expressive in words, actions, and
countenance, nor ready in communicating ideas and sentiments; with large
Ideality, Eventuality, Comparison, activity, and power, can succeed well
as a writer, yet not as a speaker; with large Causality and moderate
Eventuality, has abundance of thoughts, but finds it quite difficult to
cast them into sentences, or bring in the right adjectives and phrases; is
good in matter, yet poor in delivery; commits to memory with difficulty,
and fails to make ideas and feelings fully understood, and to excite like
organs in others; with large Eventuality, Locality, Form, and Comparison,
may be a fair linguist, and learn to read foreign languages, yet learns to
speak them with difficulty, and is barren in expression, however rich in
matter: p. 228.
SMALL.--Has poor lingual and communicative talents; hesitates for words;
speaks with extreme difficulty and very awkwardly, and should cultivate
this faculty by talking and writing much: p. 228.
VERY SMALL.--Can hardly remember or use words at all, or even remember
their meaning: p. 229.
REFLECTIVE OR REASONING FACULTIES.
These give a PHILOSOPHIZING, PENETRATING, INVESTIGATING, ORIGINATING cast
of mind; ascertain CAUSES and abstract RELATIONS; CONTRIVE, INVENT,
ORIGINATE ideas, etc. Adapted to the first principles or laws of things.
LARGE.--Confer the higher capabilities of intellect; reason clearly and
strongly on whatever data is furnished by the other faculties; give
soundness of understanding, depth of intellect, and that weight which
carries conviction, and contribute largely to success in every thing; with
perceptives small, possess more power of mind than can be manifested, and
fails to be appreciated and understood, because more theoretical than
practical.
VERY LARGE.--Possess extraordinary depth of reason and strength of
understanding; and with large perceptives, extraordinary talents, and
manifests them to good advantage; with perceptives small, gives great
strength of understanding, yet a poor mode of manifesting it; are not
appreciated, and lack balance of mind, and are more plausible than
reliable, and too dark to be clear.
FULL.--Possess fair reflective powers, and reason well from the data
furnished by the other faculties; and with activity great, have a fair
flow of ideas and good general thoughts.
AVERAGE.--Reason fairly on subjects fully understood, yet are not
remarkable for depth or clearness of idea; with cultivation, will manifest
considerable reasoning power, without it only ordinary.
MODERATE.--Are rather deficient in power and soundness of mind; but with
large perceptives, evince less deficiency of reason than is possessed.
SMALL.--Have inferior reasoning capabilities.
VERY SMALL.--Are almost wholly deficient in thought, idea, and
comprehensiveness of mind.
36. CAUSALITY.
Perception and application of CAUSES; adaptation of ways and means to
ends. Adapted to the institution in nature of causes and effects.
Perverted by selfishness, it reasons in favor of untruth, and attains
injurious ends.
[Illustration: No. 97. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 98. SMALL.]
LARGE.--Desires to know the WHY and WHEREFORE of things, and to
investigate their LAWS; reasons clearly and correctly from causes to
effects, and from facts to their causes; gives uncommon capabilities of
planning, contriving, inventing, creating resources, and making the head
save the hands; kills two birds with one stone; predicts results, and
arranges things so as to succeed; synthetizes, and puts things together
well; with large Combativeness, loves to argue; with large perceptives,
will be quick to perceive facts and conditions, and reason powerfully and
correctly from them; with Comparison and Conscientiousness large, reasons
forcibly on moral truths; with the selfish faculties strong, will so adapt
ways and means as to serve personal purposes; with moderate perceptives,
will excel more in principles and philosophy than facts, and remember laws
better than details; with Comparison and Human Nature large, is
particularly fond of mental philosophy, and excels therein; with
Individuality and Eventuality only moderate, will be guided more by reason
than experience, by laws than facts, and arrive at conclusions more from
reflection than observation; with large perceptives, possesses a high
order of practical sense and sound judgment; with large Comparison and
moderate Eventuality, remembers thoughts, inferences, and subject matter,
but forgets items; with the mental temperament and Language moderate, will
make a much greater impression upon mankind, by action than expressions,
by deeds than words, etc.: p. 233.
VERY LARGE.--Possesses this cause-seeking and applying power in an
extraordinary degree; perceives by intuition those deeper relations of
things which escape common minds; is a profound philosopher and a deep
and powerful reasoner, and has great originality of mind and strength of
understanding: p. 236.
FULL.--Has good cause-seeking and applying talents; reasons and adapts
ways and means to ends well; with large perceptives, Comparison, activity,
and thought, possesses excellent reasoning powers, and shows them to
first-rate advantage; with moderate perceptives and large Secretiveness,
can plan better than reason; with large Acquisitiveness and moderate
Constructiveness, lays excellent money-making, but poor mechanical plans,
etc.: p. 236.
AVERAGE.--Plans and reasons well in conjunction with the larger faculties,
but poorly with the smaller ones; with moderate Acquisitiveness, lays poor
money-making plans; but with large Conscientiousness, reasons well on
moral subjects, especially if Comparison be large, etc.: p. 231.
MODERATE.--Is rather deficient in discerning and applying causes;
perceives them when presented by other minds, yet does not originate them;
with activity and perceptives large, may do well in the ordinary routine
of business, yet fails in difficult matters: p. 237.
SMALL.--Is deficient in reasoning and planning power; needs perpetual
telling and showing; seldom arranges things beforehand, and then poorly;
should work under others; lacks force of idea and strength of
understanding: p. 238.
VERY SMALL.--Is idiotic in reasoning and planning: p. 238.
37. COMPARISON.
INDUCTIVE reasoning; ability and disposition to CLASSIFY, COMPARE, DRAW
INFERENCES from analogy, etc. Adapted to those classifications which
pervade universal nature. Perverted, is too redundant in proverbs, fables,
and figures of speech.
LARGE.--Reasons clearly and correctly from conclusions and scientific
facts up to the laws which govern them; discerns the known from the
unknown; detects error by its incongruity with facts; has an excellent
talent for comparing, explaining, expounding, criticising, exposing, etc.;
employs similes and metaphors well; puts this and that together, and draws
inferences from them; with large Continuity uses well-sustained figures of
speech, but with small Continuity, drops the figure before it is
finished; with large Individuality, Eventuality, activity, and power,
gives scientific cast of mind; with large Veneration, reasons about God
and his works; with large Language uses words in their exact
signification; with large Mirthfulness, hits the nail upon the head in all
its criticisms, and hits off the oddities of people to admiration; with
large Ideality gives beauty, taste, propriety of expression, etc.: p. 241.
[Illustration: No. 99. LARGE.]
[Illustration: No. 100. SMALL.]
VERY LARGE.--Possesses this analyzing, criticising, and inductive faculty
in a truly wonderful degree; illustrates with great clearness and facility
from the known to the unknown; discovers the deeper analogies which
pervade nature, and has an extraordinary power of discerning new truths;
with large Individuality, Eventuality, and activity, has a great faculty
of making discoveries; with large Language, uses words in their exact
meaning, and is a natural philologist; with full Language, explains things
plausibly and correctly: p. 243.
FULL.--Possesses a full share of clearness and demonstrative power, yet
with large Causality and only moderate Language, cannot explain to
advantage; with large Eventuality, reasons wholly from facts; with
moderate Language, fails in giving the precise meaning to words; and makes
good analytical discriminations: p. 243.
AVERAGE.--Shows this talent in a good degree in conjunction with the
larger faculties; but is rather wanting in reference to the smaller ones:
p. 239.
MODERATE.--Rather fails in explaining, clearing up points, putting things
together, drawing inferences, and even uses words incorrectly; with
Individuality and Eventuality moderate, shows much mental weakness; with
large Causality, has good ideas, but makes wretched work in expressing
them, and cannot be understood; with Mirthfulness full or large, tries to
make jokes, but they are always ill-timed and inappropriate: p. 244.
SMALL.--Has a poor talent for drawing inferences; lacks appropriateness in
every thing, and should cultivate this faculty: p. 244.
VERY SMALL.--Has little, and shows almost none of this element: p. 244.
C. HUMAN NATURE.
Discernment of CHARACTER; perception of MOTIVES; INTUITIVE physiognomy.
Adapted to man's need of knowing his fellow-men. Perverted, it produces
suspiciousness.
LARGE.--Reads men intuitively from their looks, conversation, manners, and
walk, and other kindred signs of character; with Individuality and
Comparison large, notices all the little things they do, and founds a
correct estimate upon them, and should follow first impressions touching
persons; with full Secretiveness and large Benevolence added, knows just
how to take men, and possesses much power over mind; with Mirthfulness and
Ideality large, sees all the faults of people, and makes much fun over
them; with Comparison large, has a turn for metaphysics, etc.
VERY LARGE.--Possesses this faculty in an extraordinary degree; reads
every body right through at first sight. For combinations see large.
FULL.--Reads character quite well from the face or external signs, yet is
sometimes mistaken; may generally follow first impressions safely; loves
to study character; with Ideality and Adhesiveness large, the excellences
of friends; with Philoprogenitiveness large, of children; with
Combativeness large, all the faults of people; and with only average
Adhesiveness, forms few friendships, because it detects so many blemishes
in character, etc.
AVERAGE.--Has fair talents for reading character, yet is not extra in this
respect, and may safely cultivate it.
MODERATE.--Fails somewhat in discerning character; occasionally forms
wrong conclusions concerning people; should be more suspicious, watch
people closely, especially those minor signs of character dropped when off
their guard; has ill-timed remarks and modes of addressing people, and
often says and does things which have a different effect from that
intended.
SMALL.--Is easily imposed upon by others; with large Conscientiousness and
small Secretiveness, thinks every body tells the truth; is too confiding,
and fails sadly in knowing where and how to take things.
VERY SMALL.--Knows almost nothing about human nature.
D. AGREEABLENESS.
PERSUASIVENESS, PLEASANTNESS, BLANDNESS. Adapted to please and win others.
LARGE.--Has a pleasing, persuasive, conciliatory mode of addressing
people, and of saying things; with Adhesiveness and Benevolence large, is
generally liked; with Comparison and Human Nature large, says unacceptable
things in an acceptable manner, and sugars over expressions and actions.
VERY LARGE.--Is peculiarly winning and fascinating in manners and
conversation, and wins over even opponents.
FULL.--Is pleasing and persuasive in manner, and with Ideality large,
polite and agreeable, except when the repelling faculties are strongly
excited; with small Secretiveness and strong Combativeness and activity,
is generally pleasant, but when angry is sharp and blunt; with large
Benevolence, Adhesiveness, and Mirthfulness, is excellent company.
AVERAGE.--Has a good share of pleasantness in conversation and appearance,
except when the selfish faculties are excited, but is then repulsive.
MODERATE.--Is rather deficient in the pleasant and persuasive, and should
by all means cultivate this faculty by sugaring over all it says and does.
SMALL.--Says even pleasant things very unpleasantly, and fails sadly in
winning the good graces of people.
VERY SMALL.--It almost totally deficient in this faculty.
RULES FOR FINDING THE ORGANS.
PRE-EMINENTLY is Phrenology a science of FACTS. Observation discovered
it--observation must perfect it; observation is the grand instrumentality
of its propagation. To be convinced of its truth, nine hundred and
ninety-nine men out of every thousand require to SEE it--to be convinced
by INDUCTION, founded upon experiment. Hence the importance of giving
definite RULES for finding the organs, by which even disbelievers may test
the science, and believers be confirmed in its truth, and advanced in its
study.
The best mode of investigating its truth, is somewhat as follows: You know
a neighbor who has extreme Firmness in character; who is as inflexible as
the oak, and as obstinate as the mule. Now, learn the location of the
phrenological organ of Firmness, and apply that location to his head--that
is, see whether he has this organ as conspicuous as you know him to have
this faculty in character; and if you find a coincidence between the two,
you have arrived at a strong phrenological fact.
You know another neighbor who is exceedingly cautious, timid, safe wise,
and hesitating; who always looks at the objections and difficulties in the
way of a particular measure, instead of at its advantages; who always
takes abundant time to consider, and is given to procrastination. Learn
the location of Cautiousness, and see whether he has this phrenological
organ as conspicuous as you know this faculty to exist in his character.
By pursuing such a course as this, you can soon arrive at a sure knowledge
of the truth or falsity of phrenological science; and this is altogether
the best mode of convincing unbelievers of its truth, by means of the
marked coincidence between the Phrenology and character of those they
know; and it is not possible for the human mind to resist proof like this.
To promote this practical knowledge--the application of this science--we
give the following RULES FOR FINDING the organs, fully assured that we can
fill our pages with nothing more interesting or useful. Follow these rules
exactly, and you will have little difficulty in finding at least all the
prominent organs.
Your first observation should be made upon TEMPERAMENT, or organization
and physiology, with this principle for your basis: that when bodily
texture or form is coarse, or strong, or fine, or soft, or weak, or
sprightly, the texture of the brain will correspond with that of body, and
the mental characteristics with that of brain. Still, it is not now our
purpose to discuss the influence of various temperaments upon the
direction of the faculties.
The second observation should be to ascertain what faculties CONTROL the
character, or what is the dominant motive, desire, object, or passion of
the person examined; in phrenological language, what faculties predominate
in action; and it should here be observed, that the relative size of
organs does not always determine this point. Some faculties, though very
dominant in power, cannot, in their very nature, constitute a motive for
action, but are simply executive functions, simply carrying into effect
the dominant motives. For example, Combativeness rarely ever becomes a
distinct motive for action. Few men love simply to wrangle, quarrel, and
fight for fun, but they exercise Combativeness merely as a means of
obtaining the things desired by the other dominant faculties. Few men have
for their motive the mere exercise of will--that is, Firmness is generally
exercised to carry into effect the design of the other faculties; and
instead of subjecting the other faculties to itself, simply keeps them at
their work, whatever that work may be. And thus of some other faculties.
But Amativeness, Friendship, Appetite, Acquisitiveness, Benevolence,
Veneration, Conscientiousness, or Intellect, Constructiveness, Ideality,
or the observing faculties, may all become dominant motives. And it
requires much phrenological shrewdness to ascertain what single faculty,
cluster, or combination of faculties, leads off the character.
Let us take, then, for our starting point, the outer angle of the eye, and
draw a line to the middle of the top of the ears, and DESTRUCTIVENESS is
exactly under this point, and it extends upward about half an inch above
the top of the ears, and in proportion to its size will the head be wide
between the ears. And if Secretiveness be small and Destructiveness large,
there will be a horizontal ridge extending forward and backward, more or
less prominent, according to the size of this organ.
Three quarters of an inch above the middle of the top of the ears,
SECRETIVENESS is located. When this organ is large, it rarely gives a
distinct projection, but simply fills and rounds out the head at this
point. When the head widens rapidly from the junction of the ears as you
rise upward, Secretiveness is larger than Destructiveness; but when the
head becomes narrower as you rise, it is smaller than Destructiveness.
To find these two organs, and their relative size, place the third fingers
of each hand upon the head just at the top of the ears; let the lower side
of the third finger be even with the upper part of the ear; that finger
then rests upon Destructiveness. Then spread the second finger about one
eighth of an inch from the other, and it will rest upon Secretiveness.
Let the end of your longest finger come as far forward as the fore part of
the ears, and they will then rest upon these two organs.
Take, next, this same line, starting from the outer angle of the eye, to
the top of the ears, and extend it straight backward an inch and a half to
an inch and three quarters, and you are on Combativeness. This organ
starts about midway to the back part of the ears, and runs upward and
backward toward the crown of the head. To ascertain its relative size,
steady the head with one hand, say the left, and place the balls of your
right fingers upon the point just specified letting your elbow be somewhat
below the subject's head, which will bring your fingers directly ACROSS
the organ. Its size may be ascertained partly from the general fullness of
the head, and partly from its sharpness, according as the organ is more or
less active; yet observers sometimes mistake this organ for the mastoid
process directly behind the lower part of the ears. Remember our rule,
namely: a line drawn from the outer angle of the eye to the top of the
ear, and continued an inch and a half or three quarters straight back.
Follow that rule, and you cannot mistake the position of this organ; and
will soon, by comparing different heads, be able to arrive at those
appearances when large or small.
To find PHILOPROGENITIVENESS, extend this line straight back to the middle
of the back head, and you are on the organ; and in proportion as the head
projects backward behind the ears at this point, will Philoprogenitiveness
be larger or smaller.
About an inch, or a little less, directly BELOW this point, is the organ
which controls MUSCULAR MOTION; and in proportion as this is more or less
prominent, will the muscular system be more or less active. Those who have
this prominence large, will be restless, always moving a hand or foot when
sitting, and even when sleeping; will be light-footed, easy-motioned, fond
of action, and willing to work, and possessed of a first-rate
constitution. But when that prominence is weak, they will be found less
fond of physical action and labor.
To return to Philoprogenitiveness. Three fourths of an inch ABOVE this
point, INHABITIVENESS is located. When this organ is large, and Continuity
is moderate, there will be found a prominence somewhat resembling an angle
of a triangle, with the angle at the middle of the head, together with a
sharp prominence at this point. But when Inhabitiveness is small, there
will be a depression just about large enough to receive the end of a
finger, with the bow downward. An inch on each side of this point is
ADHESIVENESS. Or thus: taking the backward termination of that line
already drawn, erect upon it a right-angle triangle; let the right angle
be on Philoprogenitiveness, and the two sides which inclose this angle be
about an inch and a half or three quarters each, and the other two angles
will be on the two lobes of Adhesiveness--the hypothenuse, or long side,
being about two inches, or two and a half inches, in length. When
Adhesiveness is large--especially if Inhabitiveness and Continuity be
small--there will be found two swells, somewhat resembling the larger end
of an egg; but if small, the head will retire at this point.
Directly above Inhabitiveness and Adhesiveness, CONTINUITY is located.
When small, a depression resembling a new moon, with the horns turning
DOWNWARD, surrounding the organs of Inhabitiveness and Adhesiveness, will
be found. When Continuity is large, however, there will be no depression,
nor any swell, but simply a FILLING OUT of the head at this point.
AMATIVENESS may be found thus: Take the middle of the back part of the
ears as your starting point; draw a line backward an inch and a half, and
you are upon this organ. Yet the outer portion next to the ear probably
exercises the more gross and animal function of this faculty, while the
inner portion takes on a more spiritual tone.
To find CAUTIOUSNESS, take the back or posterior part of the ears as your
starting point; draw a perpendicular line, when the head is erect, from
the extreme back part of the ear, straight up the side of the head, and
just where the head begins to round off to form the top, Cautiousness is
located. This organ is generally well developed in the American head, and
those swells, generally seen at this point, are caused by a full
development of this faculty.
To find ALIMENTIVENESS, take the upper and forward junction of the ear
with the head as your starting point; draw a line half an inch forward,
inclining a little downward, and you are upon this organ. Then rise three
quarters of an inch straight upward, and you are on that part of
ACQUISITIVENESS which gets property. Yet a better rule for finding it is
this: Find Secretiveness in accordance with the rule already given, and
Acquisitiveness is three quarters of an inch FORWARD of the point, and
about an inch above the middle of the tip of the ear. Or thus: Take the
middle of the top of the ear as your starting point; draw a perpendicular
line three quarters of an inch upward, and you are on Secretiveness; and
then about an inch forward, and you are on Acquisitiveness. The back part
of Acquisitiveness seeks partnership and ACQUIRES, while the fore part
HOARDS money. When the head widens rapidly as you pass from the outer
angles of the eyes to the top of the ears, Acquisitiveness is large; but
when the head is thin in this region, Acquisitiveness is small.
SUBLIMITY, IDEALITY, and CONSTRUCTIVENESS, can be found by the following
rule: First find Cautiousness by applying the rule already laid down for
that purpose, then pass directly forward an inch, and you are on
Sublimity; extend this line on another inch, and you are on Ideality; then
an inch downward brings you upon Constructiveness.
It should be remembered that Cautiousness, Sublimity, and Ideality are
just upon the turning of the head, or between the top and the sides of the
head. Usually the head is much wider at Cautiousness than at Sublimity,
and at Sublimity than Ideality. When, however, the head is as wide at
Ideality as at Cautiousness, the subject will be found possessed of
unusual good taste, purity, refinement, elevation, and personal
perfection. Half an inch forward of Ideality is the organ which appertains
to dress, and secures personal neatness. In those who care but little what
they wear, or how they appear, this organ will be found small.
FIRMNESS can best be found by the following rule: Let the subject sit or
stand erect, and hold the head in a line with the spinal column; then take
the opening of the ear as your starting point, draw a line straight upward
till you reach the middle line on the top of the head, and you are on the
fore part of Firmness. When this organ is large, and Veneration is small,
you will find its forward termination to resemble, in shape, the fore part
of a smoothing-iron, rapidly widening as it runs backward; the organ is
usually about an inch and a half long.
To find SELF-ESTEEM, take the junction of this perpendicular line with the
middle line of the head, and an inch and a half backward will be found the
upper part of Self-Esteem, which gives a lofty, aspiring air, magnanimity,
and a determination to do something worthy of itself; while half an inch
farther back will be found another part of Self-Esteem, which gives WILL,
love of liberty, and a determination not to be ruled.
On the two sides of Self-Esteem, about an inch outwardly, APPROBATIVENESS
is located. These two lobes run backward toward Adhesiveness, and upward
toward Conscientiousness.
The relative size of Approbativeness and Self-Esteem may be found thus:
Place one hand, say the left, upon the forehead, and steady the head;
point the finger from above directly down upon Firmness; then move it two
inches directly backward, and place the balls of the second and third
fingers upon the points just found. If Self-Esteem be small, these balls
will fall into the hole which indicates its deficiency, while the ends of
the fingers will strike upon the swells caused by Approbativeness, if this
organ be large; and the middle of the second joint of these fingers will
apprehend the size of that lobe of Approbativeness which is next to it. Or
thus: Stand behind the patient, and so place your fingers upon his head
that the second finger shall reach upward to the back part of Firmness,
then lay the first and second joints of that finger evenly with the head,
and place the first and third fingers upon the head alongside of it. If
Self-Esteem be larger than Approbativeness, the second finger will be
pushed up farther than the others; but if the two lobes of Approbativeness
be larger than Self-Esteem, the second finger will fall into a hollow
running up and down, while the first and third fingers will rest upon the
two lobes of Approbativeness. Or thus: In nineteen females out of every
twenty, Self-Esteem will be found small and Approbativeness large, and by
applying this rule to their heads, a hollow will generally be found at
Self-Esteem and a swell at Approbativeness, by which you can localize
these organs; and a few applications will soon enable you to form correct
ideas of their appearance when large or small.
HOPE and CONSCIENTIOUSNESS are found thus: That line already drawn to find
Firmness passes over the back part of Hope, which is on each side of the
fore part of Firmness, while Conscientiousness is just back of that line,
on the two sides of the back part of Firmness, joining Approbativeness
behind.
As these two organs run lengthwise from Firmness down toward Cautiousness,
and are near together, it is sometimes difficult to say which is large and
which small. The upper part of Conscientiousness, next to Firmness,
experiences feelings of obligation to God, or sense of duty to obey his
laws; while the lower part creates a feeling of obligation to our
fellow-men.
Near the middle of the top of the head is VENERATION; or about an inch
forward of the point already described for finding Firmness; while
BENEVOLENCE is about an inch forward of Veneration. When, therefore, the
middle of the top head rounds out and rises above Firmness and
Benevolence, Veneration is larger than either of these organs; but when
there is a swell at Benevolence, and a depression as you pass backward in
the middle of the head, and another rise as you pass still farther back to
Firmness, Veneration is smaller than Benevolence or Firmness. The back of
Benevolence experiences a desire to do good and to remove evil, while the
fore part bestows minor gifts in the family and neighborhood. The fore
part of Veneration gives respect for our fellow-men, while the back part
supplicates and depends upon a Deity. The fore part of Firmness, working
with Conscientiousness, gives moral decision; while the latter, acting
with Self-Esteem, gives physical decision, determination to accomplish
material objects, and what we commonly call perseverance.
On each side of Veneration, SPIRITUALITY is located. It may be found by
the following rules: Standing behind the subject, who should be seated, so
place your fingers that the first fingers of each hand shall be about an
inch apart--that the ends of your second fingers shall be about three
quarters of an inch forward of a line drawn across the middle of the head
from side to side, and the balls of your fingers will be on Spirituality.
Or reversing your position, so as to stand in FRONT of the subject, so
place your hands that the first fingers of each hand shall be as before,
about an inch apart, and the ends of your longest fingers shall just touch
the fore part of Hope, and the balls of your second and third fingers will
rest on Spirituality. This organ is generally small, so that it may
usually be found by that depression which indicates its absence. When it
is large, the head is filled out in this region, instead of sloping
rapidly from Veneration. Its two lobes are about an inch on each side of
Veneration, and directly above Ideality.
IMITATION is upon the two sides of Benevolence, directly forward of
Spirituality. The best rule for finding it is this: Standing in front of
the subject, place your hands so that the first fingers of each hand shall
be separated about three quarters of an inch, and that the end of your
longest finger shall reach a line drawn through Veneration and
Spirituality--that is, through the middle of the head from side to
side--and the balls of your fingers will be on Imitation. It will be found
large, or very large, in almost all children; so that the ridge usually
found in their heads at this point, may be taken as the location of this
organ. It runs from Benevolence downward toward Constructiveness. The
upper part, toward Benevolence, mimics; the lower part, toward
Constructiveness, is the organ for making after a pattern, copying, etc.
We are now brought to the intellectual lobe. Take the root of the nose as
your starting point; the first organ we meet in passing upward is
INDIVIDUALITY. It is between the eyebrows, and when large, causes them to
arch DOWNWARD at their inner termination.
Three quarters of an inch upward, and slightly below the centre of the
forehead is EVENTUALITY, which in children is usually large, and in adults
generally small. From this centre of the forehead, COMPARISON extends
upward to where the head begins to slope backward to form the top of the
head; at which point, or between Benevolence and Comparison, HUMAN NATURE
is located, which is usually large in the American head, as is also
Comparison. AGREEABLENESS is located about an inch on each side of the
organ of Human Nature, and is usually small; so that we can ascertain its
location by observing its deficiency. When both of these organs are large,
the forehead will be wide and full as it rounds backward to form the top
head, or where the hair makes its appearance. CAUSALITY is located about
an inch on each side of Comparison; and MIRTHFULNESS about three quarters
of an inch still farther outwardly toward Ideality. FORM is located
internally from Individuality, just above and partly between the eyes, so
as to set them wider apart, in proportion as it is larger or smaller.
SIZE is located just in the turn between the nose and eyebrows, or beneath
the inner portion of the eyebrows; and when large, causes their inner
portions to project outward over the inner portion of the eyes like the
eaves of a house, giving to the eyes a sunken appearance. Size can
generally be observed by sight, yet if you would test your sight by touch,
proceed as follows: Place the end of your thumb against the bridge of your
nose, with the lower part of your hand turned outward, and your thumb
lying nearly parallel with the eyebrows, and the balls of your thumb will
be upon Size. And if this organ be large, you will observe a fullness in
this region, as if half a bean were beneath your thumb.
To find WEIGHT and COLOR, proceed as follows: Let the eyes be directed
straight forward, as if looking at some object; draw an imaginary line
from the middle of the eye to the eyebrow; internally from this line
beneath the eyebrows Weight is located, while Color is located beneath
the eyebrows just outwardly from this line. ORDER is located just
externally to Color; and TIME is located partly above and between Color
and Order. This organ is small in most heads.
CALCULATION is located beneath the outer termination of the eyebrows, and
in proportion as they are long and extend backward to the eye, will this
organ be more or less developed. Three fourths of an inch ABOVE the outer
angle of the eyebrow, TUNE is located. Spurzheim's rule for finding it is
this: Stand directly before the subject, and if the head widens over the
outer eyebrow as you rise upward, Tune is large; but if you observe a
hollow at this point, Tune is small. I have generally found this organ
small in adults, so that it is difficult to find its relative size, but in
children it is very easily found; its decline is consequent on its
non-exercise. Time and Tune join each other, while Time, Tune, and
Mirthfulness occupy the three angles of a triangle, nearly equilateral,
the shortest side being between Time and Tune.
LANGUAGE is located partly above and partly behind the eyes. When it is
large, it pushes the eyes downward and outward, and of course shoves them
forward, which gives them a full and swollen appearance, as if they were
standing partly out of their sockets, and causes both the upper and under
eyelids to be wide and broad. When the eyes are sunken, and their lids
narrow, Language will be found small.
By following these rules exactly and specifically, the precise location of
the organs can be ascertained, and a few observations upon heads will soon
teach you the appearance of the respective organs when they are large,
small, or midway in size. Some slight allowances are to be made, however,
in calculating the size of the head, or the relative size of the organs.
Thus, the larger Combativeness is, the longer the line from Combativeness
to the ear; yet large and small Combativeness do not vary this line over
from a quarter to half an inch; so that there will be but little
difficulty in finding the precise location of this organ.
Probably the most difficult point of discrimination is between Hope and
Conscientiousness, and it should be distinctly borne in mind, that Hope is
generally placed too far forward. Between Hope, Cautiousness, and
Approbativeness, there probably exists an organ, the natural functions of
which has not yet been fully established. There are doubtless other organs
yet undiscovered, especially in the middle line of the head, between
Benevolence and Philoprogenitiveness, and also between Imitation and
Causality. Phrenology is yet in its infancy. Though it is perfect in
itself, yet our KNOWLEDGE of it is not yet perfected. As every successive
generation make advances upon one another in Astronomy, Chemistry, and
other departments of science, so Gall and Spurzheim have discovered only
the landmarks of this science and have left much to be filled up by us and
those who come after us.
Transcriber's Notes:
Passages in italics are indicated by _italics_.
Punctuation has been corrected without note.
The following misprints have been corrected:
"exquisitensess" corrected to "exquisiteness" (page 25)
"charcter" corrected to "character" (page 47)
"47" corrected to "27" (page 50)
"Secretivness" corrected to "Secretiveness" (page 53)
"two" corrected to "too" (page 55)
"faculties: etc.," corrected to "faculties, etc.,:" (page 56)
"Destructivness" corrected to "Destructiveness" (page 56)
"the the" corrected to "the" (page 78)
missing "on" added (page 114)
"respcet" corrected to "respect" (page 125)
"the the" corrected to "the" (page 133)
Other than the corrections listed above, printer's inconsistencies in
spelling and hyphenation usage have been retained.
The scans of the original text were difficult to read in several places.
Thus, the following points are noted:
The date on the title page reverse is illegible and has been noted as
"18__."
On page 34, in the phrase "are all on fire, ready to ignite," "on" is a
best guess as the intended wording. Based on the original scans, "on"
might also be interpreted as "of."
On page 40, in the image caption "JACO THE ORANG-OUTANG," "Jaco" is a
best guess as the intentional wording. Based on the original scans,
"Jaco" might also be interpreted as "Jaso."