* * * * *
ACETONE, a's[=e]-t[=o]n, _n._ one of a class of carbon compounds in many
respects similar to the aldehydes; also called _Ketone_. [From ACETIC.]
ACIERATE, as'i-[.e]r-[=a]t, _v.t._ to turn into steel.--_n._ AC'IERAGE, the
process of electroplating a metal with iron or steel. [Fr. _acier_, steel,
L. _acies_, edge.]
ADIABATIC, ad-i-a-bat'ik, _adj._ (_physics_) neither losing nor gaining
heat: impassable to heat. [Gr. _a_, not, _dia_, through, _batos_,
passable.]
AËROPLANE, [=a]'e-r[=o]-pl[=a]n, _n._ a form of flying-machine: a small
plane for aerostatic experiments. [Gr. _a[=e]r_, air, L. _planus_, plain.]
AGAR-AGAR, äg'ar-äg'ar, _n._ a nutrient jelly prepared from certain
seaweeds, and used in the artificial cultivation of bacteria.
ALBUMINURIA, al-b[=u]-min-[=u]'ri-a, _n._ the presence of albumin in the
urine: the disease producing this.
ALTISCOPE, al'ti-sk[=o]p, _n._ an instrument containing several lenses and
mirrors, so arranged that an observer can see beyond intervening objects.
BARRANCA, bar-ran'ka, _n._ a deep gorge, with steep sides.--Also BARRAN'CO.
[Sp. Am.]
CARBOHYDRATE, kär'b[=o]-h[=i]-dr[=a]t, _n._ a compound of carbon, hydrogen,
and oxygen, the last two being in the proportion to form water. [CARBON and
HYDRATE.]
CIRRHOSIS, si-r[=o]'sis, _n._ a wasting of the proper tissue of an organ,
accompanied by abnormal growth of connective tissue. [Gr. _kirrhos_,
tawny.]
ELECTRON, [=e]-lek'tron, _n._ a particle or corpuscle vastly more minute
than anything heretofore contemplated by science--in mass about a
thousandth part of that of a hydrogen atom; and identified with the charge
of negative electricity with which it is indissolubly associated. [From the
root of ELECTRIC (q.v.).]
FORMALIN, form'al-in, _n._ a powerful antiseptic and germicide.--Also
FORMAL'DEHYDE (see ALDEHYDE).
LIMERICK, lim'[.e]r-ik, _n._ 'nonsense verse' in five-lined stanzas.
LITCHI, l[=e]'ch[=e], _n._ a Chinese fruit: the tree on which it grows.
MAFFICKING, maf'fik-ing, _n._ noisy rejoicings of the mob. [From the scene
in the streets of London when the news of the relief of _Mafeking_ was
received (1900).]
MALNUTRITION, mal'n[=u]-trish'un, _n._ imperfect nutrition.
MARCONIGRAM, mar-c[=o]'ni-gram, _n._ a message transmitted by 'wireless'
telegraphy. [From _Marconi_, the inventor of the system, and Gr. _gramma_,
that which is written.]
MERCERISE, m[.e]r'c[.e]r-[=i]z, _v.t._ to treat cotton so as to make it
appear like silk. [From _Mercer_ (1791-1866), the inventor of the process.]
MOTOR-GARAGE, m[=o]'tor-gär-äzh', _n._ a depot where motor-cars are stored
or repaired and provided with accessories. [_Motor_ and Fr.
_garage_--_gare_, dock, railway station; from the High German root found in
AWARE (q.v.).]
PARALDEHYDE, pär-al'de-h[=i]d, _n._ a colourless liquid, of disagreeable
taste and smell, used to produce sleep (see ALDEHYDE).
POGROM, pog-rom', _n._ destruction: devastation: a lawless outburst
involving injury to persons and property. [Russian.]
PRODUCER-GAS, pro-d[=u]'s[.e]r-gas, _n._ a mixture of hydrogen and
carbon-monoxide diluted with nitrogen.
RADIO-ACTIVITY, r[=a]'di-o-ak-tiv'i-ti, _n._ the power of producing
photographic or electrical effects by a process identical with or analogous
to radiation.
RADIOSCOPE, r[=a]'di-o-sk[=o]p, _n._ an instrument for detecting radiation
(see RADIANT).
RÖNTGENISE, runt'gen-[=i]z (g hard), _v.t._ to treat by the Röntgen rays
(see at X-RAYS under X).--_ns._ RÖNTGENOG'RAPHY, photography by these rays;
RÖNTGENOL'OGY, the study of the rays; RÖNTGENOS'COPY, observation by means
of them; RÖNTGENOTHER'APY, healing by means of them.
SERENDIPITY, s[.e]r-en-dip'i-ti, _n._ a love for rare old books and other
articles of virtu.--_adj._ appertaining to this. [Coined from _Serendib_, a
character in the _Arabian Nights_ who went about picking up odds and ends
and piecing them together.]
SPINTHARISCOPE, spin-thär'i-sk[=o]p, _n._ an instrument devised by Sir W.
Crookes for observing the scintillations produced in zinc sulphide by a
small fragment of a radium compound placed near it. [Gr. _spintharis_, a
spark, and _skopein_, to see.]
SULPHONAL, sul'f[=o]-nal, _n._ a chemical compound used as a hypnotic and
anæsthetic, and derived in part from potassium sulpho-hydrate.
TAXIMETER, tak-sim'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument attached to cabs for
indicating the fare due for the distance travelled. Sometimes (but wrongly)
called TAXAMETER. [Fr. _taxe_, price, and Gr. _metron_, measure.]
TELEGONY, tel-eg'on-i, _n._ the transmitted influence of a male by whom a
female has previously conceived upon her subsequent offspring by another
male. [Gr. _t[=e]l[=e]_, at a distance, _gonia_, a begetting.]
TELESCRIPTOR, tel'e-skrip-tor, _n._ a machine for the purpose of sending
messages over telegraph wires so that they appear in the handwriting of the
sender when received. [Gr. _t[=e]l[=e]_, at a distance, L. _scriptum_,
_scribere_, to write.]
TRIONAL, tr[=i]'[=o]-nal, _n._ a drug used as a hypnotic, akin to
sulphonal, but safer.
VERONAL, ver'[=o]-nal, _n._ a drug used as a hypnotic, akin to trional.
* * * * *
Edinburgh: Printed by W. & R. Chambers, Limited.
* * * * *
Corrections made to printed original.
Under "Sal":--"corrosive sublimate and ammonium chloride", "and" omitted in
original.
Under "Savin":--"anthelmintic", printed as "antithelmintic" in original.
Under "Sesquiduple":--"two and a half times", printed as "three and a half
times" in original.
Under "Silk" in "raw silk is unwound":--"silk", printed as "cotton" in
original.
Under "Soldier" (in etymology):--"a piece of money", printed as "or a piece
of money" in original.
Under "Solomon":--"two triangles interlaced", printed as "one triangle
interlaced" in original.
Under "Somatist":--"S[=o]matotrop'ic", printed as "S[=o]matrop'ic" in
original.
Under "Somite":--"arthromere", printed as "arthromore" in original.
Under "Stibium":--"trisulphide", printed as "trisulphid" in original.
Under "Subimago":--"certain", printed as "cetrain" in original.
Under "Tenesmus":--"fæcal", printed as "foecal" in original.
Under "Trepan" (in etymology):--"tryp[)a]non", printed as "tyrp[)a]non" in
original.
Under "Trieteric" (pronunciation):--"tr[=i]-e-t[.e]r'ik", printed as
"tr[=i]-e-t[.e]r'k" in original.
Under "Unnecessary" (descibing Unnecessarily):--"adv.", printed as "adj."
in original.
Under "D.d." (abbreviation):--"dedit", printed as "detit" in original.
Under "Musical terms: Sforzando" (abbreviations):--"sfz.", printed as "rf.,
rfz." in original.
Under "Christian names: William (name)" before Guillaume:--"Fr.", printed
as "Gr." in original.