VEGETABLE, vej'e-ta-bl, _n._ an organised body without sensation and
voluntary motion, nourished by roots fixed in the ground: a plant for the
table.--_adj._ belonging to plants: consisting of or having the nature of
plants: derived from vegetables.--_adj._ VEG'ETAL, of the nature of a
vegetable: pertaining to the vital functions of plants and animals, as
growth, reproduction, &c.--_ns._ VEG'ETALINE, a substitute for ivory, &c.,
made by treating woody fibre with sulphuric acid, mixing with various
ingredients, and pressing into any required form; VEGETAL'ITY, vegetable
character, the vegetal functions collectively.--_adj._ VEGET[=A]'RIAN,
pertaining to those who abstain from animal food: consisting of
vegetables.--_n._ one who holds that vegetables are the only proper food
for man.--_n._ VEGET[=A]'RIANISM, the theory and practice of a
vegetarian.--_v.i._ VEG'ET[=A]TE, to grow by roots and leaves: to sprout:
to lead an idle, aimless life.--_n._ VEGET[=A]'TION, process of growing, as
a plant: vegetable growth: plants in general.--_adj._ VEG'ET[=A]TIVE,
growing, as plants: producing growth in plants: pertaining to unconscious
or involuntary bodily functions as resembling the processes of vegetable
growth: without intellectual activity, unprogressive.--_adv._
VEG'ET[=A]TIVELY.--_n._ VEG'ET[=A]TIVENESS.--_adj._ VEGETE (vej'[=e]t),
vigorous.--_n._ VEG'ETIVE (_Shak._), a vegetable.--VEGETABLE KINGDOM, that
division of natural objects which embraces vegetables or plants; VEGETABLE
MARROW, the fruit of a species of gourd, so called from its marrow-like
appearance; VEGETABLE MOULD, mould consisting mostly of humus; VEGETABLE
PHYSIOLOGY, that department of botany which treats of the growth and
functions of plants. [O. Fr.,--Low L. _vegetabilis_, animating--L.
_veget[=a]re_, to quicken--_veg[=e]re_, to be lively; akin to _vig[=e]re_,
to be vigorous. Cf. _Vigour_.]
VEHEMENT, v[=e]'he-ment, _adj._ passionate: furious: very eager or
urgent.--_ns._ V[=E]'HEMENCE, V[=E]'HEMENCY, the quality of being vehement:
violence: great ardour or fervour.--_adv._ V[=E]'HEMENTLY. [O. Fr.,--L.
_vehemens_, from _ve_, out of, _mens_, mind; acc. to Vanicek, from
_veh[)e]re_, to carry.]
VEHICLE, v[=e]'hi-kl, _n._ any kind of carriage or conveyance: that which
is used to convey: (_med._) a substance in which a medicine is taken:
(_paint._) a liquid used to render colours, varnishes, &c. fit for
use.--_adjs._ VEHIC'[=U]LAR, -Y, pertaining to or serving as a
vehicle.--_v.t._ VEHIC'[=U]LATE (_rare_), to ride in a vehicle.--_n._
VEHIC[=U]L[=A]'TION.--_adj._ VEHIC'[=U]L[=A]T[=O]RY. [L.
_vehiculum_--_veh[)e]re_, to carry.]
VEHMGERICHT, f[=a]m'ge-richt, _n._ one of the dread medieval German
tribunals, empowered by the emperors to try cases in which the penalty was
death and to execute the punishment on the guilty--also FEM'GERICHTE, or
simply VEHME, FEHME:--_pl._ VEHMGERICHTE (f[=a]m'ge-rich-te).--_adj._
VEHM'IC. [Ger.,--fehme, _fehm_, a criminal tribunal, _gericht_, judgment.]
VEIL, v[=a]l, _n._ a curtain: anything that hides an object: a piece of
muslin or thin cloth worn by ladies to shade or hide the face: a cover: a
disguise: an obscuration of the clearness of the tones in pronunciation: in
fungi, the partial covering of the stem or margin of the cap--applied also
to the indusium of ferns.--_v.t._ to cover with a veil: to cover: to
conceal.--_n._ VEIL'ING, the act of concealing with a veil: a veil:
material for making veils.--_adjs._ VEIL'LESS, wanting a veil: uncovered;
V[=E]'LAR (_philol._), denoting sounds (_gw_, _kw_, &c.) produced by the
veil of the palate or soft palate; V[=E]'LARY, pertaining to a sail.--_n._
V[=E]L[=A]'TION, a veiling: concealment, mystery.--EUCHARISTIC or
SACRAMENTAL VEILS, the linen or silk cloths used to cover the eucharistic
vessels and the elements during the celebration of Mass or Holy
Communion.--TAKE THE VEIL, to become a nun. [O. Fr. _veile_ (Fr.
_voile_)--L. _velum_, a curtain--_veh[)e]re_, to carry.]
VEILLEUSE, v[=a]-ly[.e]z', _n._ a shaded night-lamp.
VEIN, v[=a]n, _n._ one of the vessels or tubes which convey the blood back
to the heart: one of the horny tubes forming the framework of an insect's
wings: (_bot._) one of the small branching ribs in a leaf: a seam of a
different mineral through a rock: a fissure or cavity: a streak in wood or
stone: a train of thought: a course: tendency or turn of mind: mood or
humour.--_v.t._ to form veins or the appearance of veins in.--_n._
VEIN'AGE, veins collectively.--_adj._ VEINED, full of veins: streaked,
variegated: (_bot._) having vessels branching over the surface, as a
leaf.--_n._ VEIN'ING, formation or disposition of veins: streaking.--_adj._
VEIN'LESS, having no veins.--_n._ VEIN'LET (_bot._), a little vein or
vessel branching out from a larger one.--_adjs._ VEIN'OUS, VEIN'Y, full of
veins.--_ns._ VEIN'STONE, the earthy part of a lode; VEIN'[=U]LE, a very
small vein. [Fr. _veine_--L. _vena_, perh. from _veh[)e]re_, to carry.]
VELAMENTUM, vel-a-men'tum, _n._ a membrane or membraneous envelope--also
VEL[=A]'MEN.--_adj._ VELAMEN'TOUS, veil-like.
VELARIUM, v[=e]-l[=a]'ri-um, _n._ an awning which could be drawn over the
Roman amphitheatre: the marginal membrane of certain hydrozoans:--_pl._
VEL[=A]'RIA.
VELATURA, vel-a-t[=oo]'ra, _n._ a method of glazing a painting by rubbing
on colour with the hand. [It.]
VELDT, velt, _n._ in South Africa, the name given to unforested or
thinly-forested grass country.--Also VELD. [Dut. _veld_, field.]
VELE, v[=e]l, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as VEIL.
VELIA, v[=e]'li-a, _n._ a genus of semi-aquatic water-bugs.
VELITATION, vel-i-t[=a]'shun, _n._ a slight skirmish.
VELITE, v[=e]'l[=i]t, _n._ a light-armed Roman soldier. [L. _veles_,
_velitis_.]
VELL, vel, _v.t._ (_prov._) to cut the turf from.
VELL, vel, _n._ (_prov._) rennet.
VELLEITY, ve-l[=e]'i-ti, _n._ (rare) volition in its lowest form: mere
inclination. [Low L. _velleitas_, irregularly formed from L. _velle_, to
wish.]
VELLENAGE, vel'en-[=a]j, _n._ (_Spens._) slavery--the same as VILLEINAGE.
[_Villain_.]
VELLET, vel'et, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as VELVET.
VELLICATE, vel'i-k[=a]t, _v.t._ and _v.i._ to twitch.--_n._
VELLIC[=A]'TION.--_adj._ VELL'IC[=A]TIVE. [L. _vellic[=a]re_,-_[=a]tum_, to
pluck.]
VELLON, ve-ly[=o]n', _n._ a Spanish money of account.
VELLOPED, vel'opt, _adj._ (_her._) having pendant wattles. [Prob.
_jelloped_ for _dewlapped_.]
VELLOZIA, ve-l[=o]'zi-a, _n._ a genus of plants of the natural order
_Hæmodoraceæ_, found in Brazil, Madagascar, &c. [_Vellozo_, Brazilian
botanist.]
VELLUM, vel'um, _n._ a finer kind of parchment prepared by lime-baths and
burnishing from the skins of calves, kids, or lambs. [O. Fr. _velin_--Low
L. (_charta_, paper), _vitulina_, of a calf--L. _vitulus_.]
VELOCE, ve-l[=o]'che, _adv._ (_mus._) with great rapidity.
VELOCIPEDE, v[=e]-los'i-p[=e]d, _n._ a light vehicle originally moved by
striking the toes on the road, now with a treadle--its developments are the
bicycle and tricycle.--_ns._ VELOC'IMAN, a velocipede driven by hand;
VELOCIP[=E]'DEAN, VELOC'IP[=E]DIST, one who rides on a velocipede.
[Fr.,--L. _velox_, _velocis_, swift, _pes_, _pedis_, foot.]
VELOCITY, v[=e]-los'i-ti, _n._ swiftness: speed: rate of change of position
of a point per unit of time.--_n._ VELOCIM'ETER, an apparatus for measuring
velocity.--INITIAL VELOCITY, the rate of movement of a body at starting,
esp. of a projectile. [L. _velocitas_--_velox_, swift.]
VELUM, v[=e]'lum, _n._ a velarium: the ciliated disc-like fold of the
integument with which some embryo molluscs are provided:--_pl._
V[=E]'LA.--_adj._ V[=E]'L[=A]TE, having a velum.--_n._ V[=E]L[=A]'TION,
formation of a velum.--_adjs._ V[=E]LIF'EROUS, V[=E]LIG'EROUS, having a
velum.
VELURE, vel'[=u]r, _n._ velvet: a silk or plush pad for smoothing or giving
lustre to silk hats--also VELOURS (ve-loor').--_v.t._ to dress with a
velure.--_n._ VELOUTINE', a corded fabric of merino and fancy wool.--_adj._
VEL[=U]'TINOUS, velvety. [O. Fr. _velours_, _velous_ (Fr. _velours_)--Low
L. _villosus_, velvet--L. _villosus_, shaggy.]
VELVET, vel'vet, _n._ a cloth made from silk, with a close shaggy pile: a
similar cloth made of cotton: the velvet-like covering of a growing antler:
(_slang_) money gained by gambling.--_adj._ made of velvet: soft like
velvet.--_ns._ VEL'VERET, a poor quality of velvet, the web of cotton, the
pile of silk; VELVETEEN', a fustian made of twilled cotton with a pile of
the same material: a kind of velvet made of silk and cotton mixed
throughout; VEL'VET-FLOWER, the love-lies-bleeding.--_n.pl._ VEL'VET-GUARDS
(_Shak._), velvet trimmings, applied metaphorically to the citizens who
wore them.--_ns._ VEL'VETING, the nap of velvet: (_pl._) velvet goods
collectively; VEL'VET-LEAF, the Indian mallow; VEL'VET-P[=A]'PER, flock
paper; VEL'VET-PILE, any material with a long, soft nap;
VEL'VET-SC[=O]'TER, a kind of black duck with large white spot on the
wings; VEL'VET-WORK, embroidery on velvet.--_adj._ VEL'VETY, made of or
like velvet: soft: soft in taste or touch.--STAND ON VELVET, to place one's
bets in such a way as not to loose in any event. [From Low L.
_velluetum_--Low L. _villutus_--L. _villus_, shaggy hair.]
VENA, v[=e]'na, _n._ a vein.--VENA CAVA, the largest vein in the body,
entering the right auricle of the heart.
VENAL, v[=e]'nal, _adj._ that may be sold or got for a price: held for
sale: mercenary.--_n._ VENAL'ITY, quality of being venal: prostitution of
talents or services for a reward.--_adv._ V[=E]'NALLY. [Fr.,--L.
_venalis_--_venus_, sale; Gr. _[=o]n[=e]_, purchase.]
VENAL, v[=e]'nal, _adj._ pertaining to a vein or veins: contained in the
veins. [L. _vena_, a vein.]
VENATIC, -AL, v[=e]-nat'ik, -al, _adj._ pertaining to hunting.--_adv._
VENAT'ICALLY.--_adj._ VENAT[=O]'RIAL. [_Venery_.]
VENATION, ve-n[=a]'shun, _n._ the way in which the leaves of plants are
arranged: in insects, the distribution of the veins of the wings. [_Vein_.]
VEND, vend, _v.t._ to give for sale, to sell: to give for money: to make an
object of trade.--_ns._ VENDEE', the person to whom a thing is sold;
VEN'DER, -DOR, one who sells; VENDIBIL'ITY.--_adj._ VEND'IBLE, that may be
sold: that may be disposed of as an object of trade.--_n._ something
salable.--_n._ VEN'DIBLENESS.--_adv._ VEN'DIBLY.--_n._ VENDUE' (_rare_), a
public auction. [Fr. _vendre_--L. _vend[)e]re_--_venus_, sale, _d[)a]re_,
to give.]
VENDACE, ven'd[=a]s, _n._ a variety of the whitefish, found in Great
Britain only in the Castle Loch at Lochmaben. [O. Fr. _vendese_, _vandoise_
(Fr. _vandoise_); orig. unknown.]
VENDÉMIAIRE, vong-d[=a]-mi-[=a]r', _n._ the first month in the French
Revolutionary Calendar, from 22d September to 21st October. ['The
vintage-month,' Fr.,--L. _vindemia_, vintage--_vinum_, wine, _dem[)e]re_,
to take off--_de_, off, _em[)e]re_, to take.]
VENDETTA, ven-det'ta, _n._ the practice--not yet entirely extinct in
Calabria and Corsica--of individuals taking private vengeance on those who
have shed the blood of their relatives. [It.,--L. _vindicta_,
revenge--_vindic[=a]re_, to claim.]
VENEER, ve-n[=e]r', _v.t._ to overlay or face with another and superior
wood: to cover with a thin coating of any substance other than wood: to
disguise with artificial attractiveness.--_n._ a thin coating, as of wood:
false show or charm.--_ns._ VENEER'-CUT'TER, a machine for cutting veneers
from the block of wood; VENEER'ING, the act or art of overlaying an
inferior wood with thin leaves of a more valuable kind: the thin leaf thus
laid on. [Formerly _fineer_; corr. from Ger. _furniren_--O. Fr. _fornir_
(Fr. _fournir_), It. _fornire_, to furnish.]
VENEFICAL, v[=e]-nef'i-kal, _adj._ poisonous, using sorcery--also
VENEFI'CIAL, VENEFI'CIOUS.--_v.t._ VEN'EN[=A]TE, to poison.--_adj._
poisoned.--_n._ VENEN[=A]'TION.--_adjs._ VENENIF'LUOUS; VEN'ENOUS. [L.
_veneficium_, a poisoning--_venenum_, poison, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
VENERABLE, ven'e-ra-bl, _adj._ that may be venerated: worthy of veneration,
reverence, or honour: rendered sacred by religious or other associations:
aged.--_n._ VEN'ERABLENESS.--_adv._ VEN'ERABLY. [L.
_venerabilis_--_vener[=a]ri_, to venerate.]
VENERATE, ven'e-r[=a]t, _v.t._ to honour or reverence with religious awe:
to reverence: to regard with the greatest respect.--_adjs._ VEN'ERANT
(_rare_), VEN'ER[=A]TIVE, reverent.--_ns._ VENER[=A]'TION, the act of
venerating: the state of being venerated: the highest degree of respect and
reverence: respect mingled with reverence and awe: awe; VEN'ER[=A]TOR, one
who venerates. [L. _vener[=a]ri_, _-[=a]tus_.]
VENEREAL, v[=e]-n[=e]'r[=e]-al, _adj._ pertaining to or arising from sexual
intercourse: exciting desire for sexual intercourse: curing venereal
diseases.--_adj._ VEN[=E]'REOUS, lascivious: stimulating sexual desire,
aphrodisiac.--_n._ VEN'ERY, sexual intercourse. [L. _venereus_--_Venus_,
_Ven[)e]ris_, the goddess of love; conn. with L. _vener[=a]ri_.]
VENERY, ven'[.e]r-i, _n._ the act or exercise of hunting: the sports of the
chase.--_ns._ VEN'ERER, a gamekeeper, hunter; VENEUR (ve-n[.e]r'), a person
having an oversight of the chase. [O. Fr. _venerie_--_vener_--L.
_ven[=a]ri_, to hunt.]
VENESECTION, v[=e]-n[=e]-sek'shun, _n._ the section or cutting open of a
vein for letting blood: blood-letting. [L. _vena_, a vein, _sectio_,
cutting.]
VENETIAN, v[=e]-n[=e]'shan, _adj._ of or belonging to _Venice_.--_n._ a
native or inhabitant of Venice: a strong tape for Venetian-blinds: a
domino.--_n._ VEN[=E]'TIAN-BLIND, a blind for windows formed of thin slips
of wood, so hung as to admit of being set either edgewise or
overlapping.--_adj._ VEN[=E]'TIANED, furnished with Venetian-blinds.--_ns._
VEN[=E]'TIAN-GLASS, a delicate and beautiful glass made by the craftsmen of
Venice into mirrors, cups, goblets, &c., its forms reflecting its Oriental
origin, famous since the middle ages; VEN[=E]'TIAN-STYLE, the type of the
Renaissance architecture developed in VENICE, highly decorative and
original.
VENEW, ven'[=u], VENEY, ven'i, _n._ (_Shak._) a bout at fencing, a thrust,
a hit. [_Venue_.]
VENGE, venj, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to avenge, to punish.--_adj._ VENGE'ABLE
(_Spens._), revengeful: deserving to be revenged.--_n._ VENGE'ANCE, the
infliction of punishment upon another in return for an injury or offence:
retribution: (_Shak._) harm, mischief.--_adv._ (_Shak._) extremely,
exceedingly.--_adj._ VENGE'FUL, vindictive, retributive:
revengeful.--_adv._ VENGE'FULLY.--_ns._ VENGE'FULNESS; VENGE'MENT
(_Spens._), vengeance, penal retribution; VEN'GER (_Spens._), an
avenger.--WITH A VENGEANCE (_coll._), violently: exceedingly. [O. Fr.
_venger_--L. _vindic[=a]re_.]
VENIAL, v[=e]'ni-al, _adj._ pardonable: excusable: allowed.--_adv._
V[=E]'NIALLY.--_ns._ V[=E]'NIALNESS, VENIAL'ITY.--VENIAL SIN (see MORTAL).
[Fr.,--L. _venialis_, pardonable--_venia_, pardon.]
VENI CREATOR, v[=e]'n[=i] kr[=e]-[=a]'tor, _n._--more fully, 'Veni Creator
Spiritus'--a hymn of the Roman Breviary, used at Whitsuntide, ordinations,
&c.--not to be confounded with the _Veni Sancte Spiritus, Et emitte
coelitus_, the 'Golden Sequence.'
VENISON, ven'i-zn, or ven'zn, _n._ the flesh of animals taken in hunting,
esp. the deer. [Fr. _venaison_--L. _venatio_, a hunting, game--_ven[=a]ri_,
to hunt.]
VENITE, v[=e]-n[=i]'t[=e], _n._ in liturgics, the 95th Psalm. [From its
opening words, 'Venite exultemus.']
VENNEL, ven'el, _n._ (_Scot._) an alley, a narrow street. [Fr. _venelle_, a
small street.]
VENOM, ven'um, _n._ any drink, juice, or liquid injurious or fatal to life:
poison: spite: malice.--_adj._ (_Shak._) venomous, poisonous.--_v.t._ to
infect with poison.--_n._ VEN'OM-DUCT, in a poisonous animal, the duct
conveying venom from the sac or gland where it is secreted to the tooth or
_venom-fang_ whence it is discharged.--_adjs._ VEN'OM-MOUTHED, having a
venomous mouth: (_Shak._) slanderous; VEN'OMOUS, poisonous: spiteful:
mischievous.--_adv._ VEN'OMOUSLY.--_n._ VEN'OMOUSNESS. [Fr. _venin_ (It.
_veneno_)--L. _venenum_.]
VENOSE, v[=e]'n[=o]s, _adj._ (_bot._) having well-marked veins,
veined.--_n._ V[=E]NOS'ITY, the state or quality of being venous: (_med._)
a condition of the blood in which the venous blood is unnaturally
abundant.--_adj._ V[=E]'NOUS, pertaining to or contained in veins:
veined.--_adv._ V[=E]'NOUSLY. [_Vein._]
VENT, vent, _n._ a small opening to let air, &c., escape: the flue of a
chimney: the opening in the top of a barrel allowing air to pass in as the
liquid is drawn out: a gimlet used to extract a little liquid from a barrel
for sampling purposes: discharge: escape: passage into notice: publication,
utterance, voice: the anus of birds and fishes: (_mil._) the opening at the
breech of a firearm through which fire is conveyed to the charge, the
touch-hole.--_v.t._ to give a vent or opening to: to let out, as at a vent:
to allow to escape: to publish: to pour forth.--_ns._ VENT'[=A]GE
(_Shak._), a vent, a small hole; VEN'TAIL (_Spens._), same as AVENTAIL;
VENT'-BUSH'ING, -PIECE, a copper cylinder inserted through the walls of a
cannon over the seat of the charge and preventing the escaping gases from
injuring the metal near the vent; VENT'ER, one who vents or
publishes.--_adj._ VENTIC'[=U]LAR.--_ns._ VENT'-PEG, -PLUG, a plug for
stopping the vent of a barrel; VENT'-PIPE, an escape-pipe.--GIVE VENT TO,
to allow to escape or break out. [Altered form of _fent_, M. E. _fente_--O.
Fr. _fente_, a slit.]
VENT, vent, _n._ scent: (_hunting_) the act of taking breath.--_v.i._ to
sniff, snort: to take breath: (_Scot._) of a chimney, to draw.--VENT UP
(_Spens._), to lift so as to give air. [O. Fr.,--L. _ventus_, wind.]
VENT, vent, _n._ the act of selling, sale: market. [O. Fr. _vente_--Low L.
_vendita_, a sale--L. _vend[)e]re_, _-d[)i]tum_, to sell.]