TWANG, twang, _n._ (_Scot._) a twinge.
TWANG, twang, _n._ a sharp, quick sound, as of a tight string when pulled
and let go: a nasal tone of voice.--_v.i._ to sound as a tight string
pulled and let go: to sound with a quick, sharp noise: to have a nasal
sound.--_v.t._ to make to sound with a twang.--_v.i._ TWANG'LE, to twang
frequently.--_v.t._ to cause to twangle. [_Tang_.]
TWANK, twangk, _v.i._ to emit a twang.
'TWAS, twoz, contraction of _it was_.
TWAT, twot, _n._ pudendum muliebre.
TWATTLE, twot'l, _v.i._ to twaddle.--_v.t._ to repeat idly.--_n._ chatter:
a dwarf.--_ns._ TWATT'LER, a chatterer; TWATT'LING, a chattering.--_adj._
gabbling: trifling. [Prob. related to Ice. _thwætta_, chatter.]
TWAY, tw[=a], _adj._ and _n._ (_Spens._) twain, two.
TWAYBLADE, tw[=a]'bl[=a]d, _n._ a European orchid, a plant a foot high
bearing a raceme of green flowers and a pair of broad ovate leaves--hence
the name.
TWEAK, tw[=e]k, _v.t._ to twitch, to pull: to pull with sudden jerks.--_n._
a sharp pinch or twitch: any perplexity. [A by-form of _twitch_.]
TWEED, tw[=e]d, _n._ a kind of woollen twilled cloth of various patterns,
much used for men's suits.--_adj._ made of tweed. [From a mistaken reading
of '_tweels_' upon an invoice; not, as supposed, from the _Tweed_ valley.]
TWEEDLE, tw[=e]'dl, _v.t._ to handle lightly: (_obs._) to wheedle.--_v.i._
to wriggle.--_n._ a sound such as is made by a fiddle--hence the humorous
formations TWEEDLEDUM, TWEEDLEDEE, used to indicate distinctions that are
the slightest possible. [Perh. a variant of _twiddle_; also confused with
_wheedle_.]
TWEEL, Scotch variant of _twill_.
'TWEEN, a contraction of _between_.--_adj._ 'TWEEN'-DECK, lodging between
decks.--_n._ and _adv._ 'TWEEN'-DECKS.
TWEEZERS, tw[=e]z'[.e]rz, _n.sing._ nippers: small pincers for pulling out
hairs, &c.--_n._ TWEEZ'ER-CASE, a case for carrying tweezers. [Perh.
traceable to A.S. _twisel_, a fork; some confusion is possible with obs.
_tweeze_, a surgeon's case of instruments.]
TWELFTH, twelfth, _adj._ the last of twelve.--_n._ one of twelve equal
parts: (_mus._) a tone twelve diatonic degrees above or below a given
tone.--_ns._ TWELFTH'-CAKE, an ornamental cake partaken of on
Twelfth-night; TWELFTH'-DAY, -TIDE, the twelfth day after Christmas, the
Epiphany; TWELFTH'-NIGHT, the eve of Twelfth-day or evening before
Epiphany. [A.S. _twelfta_--_twelf_.]
TWELVE, twelv, _adj._ ten and two.--_n._ the number next after eleven: the
figures representing twelve: (_pl._) same as duodecimo.--_ns._ TWELVE'-MO,
same as duodecimo, written 12mo; TWELVE'-MONTH, twelve months: a
year.--_adjs._ TWELVE'-PENN'Y, worth a shilling: trifling, insignificant;
TWELVE'SCORE, twelve times twenty, or two hundred and forty.--_n._
twelvescore yards, a common range in archery, used also in
measurements.--TWELVE-DAY WRIT, a writ in actions on bills, &c., warning
defendant to appear within twelve days, otherwise judgment would go against
him; TWELVE TABLES, the name given to the earliest code of Roman law,
civil, criminal, and religious, made by the decemvirs in 451-449
B.C.--TESTAMENTS OF THE TWELVE PATRIARCHS, a work of the 2d century after
Christ, in which, on the model of Jacob's blessing of the tribes in Genesis
xlix., discourses and prophecies of Christ are put into the mouths of the
fathers of Israel; THE TWELVE, the twelve apostles. [A.S. _twelf_ (Ger.
_zwölf_, and Goth. _twa-lif_), that is 'two and ten' (for _twá-_, cf.
_Two_; and for _-lif_, cf. _Eleven_).]
TWENTY, twen'ti, _adj._ twice ten: nineteen and one: an indefinite
number.--_n._ the number next after nineteen: the figures representing
twenty: an old English division of infantry.--_adj._ TWEN'TIETH, next after
the nineteenth.--_n._ one of twenty equal parts of anything.--_adv._
TWEN'TYFOLD, twenty times as many.--_adj._ TWEN'TY-FOUR, twenty and
four.--_n._ the number made up of four and twenty: (_pl._, _print._) a form
of composed type or plates containing twenty-four leaves or forty-eight
pages, properly arranged for printing and folding: a book made up of
sections of twenty-four pages.--_n._ TWEN'TY-FOUR'-MO, written 24mo, a leaf
from a sheet of paper folded for a book in twenty-four equal parts: a book
made up of leaves folded in twenty-four equal parts. [A.S. _twentig_, from
_twén_=_twegen_, twain, two--_tig_ (Goth. _tigjus_), ten; Ger. _zwanzig_.]
'TWERE, contraction of _it were_.
TWIBILL, tw[=i]'bil, _n._ a double-headed battle-axe. [A.S. _twi-_, two,
_bill_, a bill.]
TWICE, tw[=i]s, _adv._ two times: once and again: doubly.--_n._ TW[=I]'CER,
one who is both compositor and pressman.--_adj._ TWICE'-TOLD, told twice:
hackneyed.--AT TWICE, at two distinct times. [A.S.
_twíges_--_twíwa_--_twá_, two.]
TWIDDLE, twid'l, _v.t._ to twirl idly, to play with.--_v.i._ to revolve: to
trifle with something.--_n._ a twirl of the fingers.--_ns._ TWIDD'LER;
TWIDD'LING-LINE, formerly a piece of small rope for steadying the
steering-wheel: a string attached to a compass-gimbal, by which the
compass-card may be started so as to play freely.--TWIDDLE ONE'S FINGERS,
to be idle. [Ety. dub.]
TWIFOLD, tw[=i]'f[=o]ld, _adj._ (_Spens._) twofold.
TWIG, twig, _n._ a small shoot or branch of a tree: a divining-rod.--_v.i._
to be active.--_adjs._ TWIG'GEN (_Shak._), covered with osier; TWIG'GY,
abounding in twigs or shoots; TWIG'SOME, full of twigs. [A.S.
_twíg_--_twí-_, double; Ger. _zweig_.]
TWIG, twig, _v.t._ (_slang_) to observe narrowly: to understand.--_v.i._ to
understand, see. [Prob. Ir. _tuigim_, discern; cf. Gael. _tuig_,
understand.]
TWIGHT, tw[=i]t, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to twit.
TWILIGHT, tw[=i]'l[=i]t, _n._ the faint light after sunset and before
sunrise: an uncertain view: partial darkness.--_adj._ of twilight: faintly
illuminated: obscure.--_v.t._ to illuminate faintly.--TWILIGHT OF THE GODS,
the same as _Ragnarök_ (q.v.). [Lit. '_'tween light_,' A.S. _twí-_, from
_twá_, two, and _light_.]
'TWILL, contraction of _it will_.
TWILL, twil, or TWEEL, tw[=e]l, _n._ a woven fabric, in which the warp is
raised one thread, and depressed two or more threads for the passage of the
weft--thus giving a curious appearance of diagonal lines: a fabric with a
twill.--_v.t._ to weave with a twill. [Low Ger. _twillen_, to make double,
_twill_, a forked branch; cf. Sw. _tvilling_, twin, Ger. _zwillich_,
twill.]
TWILLED, twild, _adj._ (_Shak._, _Tempest_, iv. 64) a dubious word, either
'hedged,' from _twill_, to weave with a twill, or more probably 'covered
with reeds or sedges,' from obsolete _twill_, a reed.
TWILLY, twil'i, _n._ a cotton-cleaning machine: willowing-machine.
[_Willow_.]
TWILT, twilt, _n._ (_Scot._) a quilt.
TWIN, twin, _v.i._ (_obs._) to be parted in twain.--_v.t._ to part in
twain: to deprive. [See next word.]
TWIN, twin, _n._ a pair: one of two born at a birth: one very like another:
a union of two similar crystals, or of two halves of one crystal holding a
reversed position to each other, as if one had been turned half round about
an axis (the _twinning axis_), perpendicular to a plane (the _twinning
plane_), which is not for either a plane of symmetry.--_adj._ twofold,
double: being one of two born at a birth: very like another: consisting of
two parts nearly alike.--_v.t._ to couple, mate.--_v.i._ to be born at the
same birth: to bring forth two at once: to be paired or suited:--_pr.p._
twin'ning; _pa.p._ twinned.--_adj._ TWIN'-BORN, born at the same
birth.--_ns._ TWIN'-BROTH'ER, one of two brothers who are twins;
TWIN'-FLOWER, a slender, creeping evergreen--_Linnæa borealis_;
TWIN'LING.--_adj._ TWINNED, produced at one birth: united.--_ns._
TWIN'NING; TWIN'-SCREW, a steam-vessel with two propellers on separate
shafts; TWIN'SHIP; TWIN'-SIS'TER, one of two sisters who are twins.--THE
TWINS, the constellation Gemini. [A.S. _getwinn_, _twinn_, double--_twí_,
two.]
TWINE, tw[=i]n, _n._ a cord composed of two or more threads twisted
together: a twist: an intertwining.--_v.t._ to wind, as two threads
together: to twist together: to wind about: to encircle: to blend,
intermingle.--_v.i._ to unite closely: to bend: to make turns: to ascend
spirally round a support.--_ns._ TWINE'-HOLD'ER, a case for holding a ball
of twine to be unwinded as required; TW[=I]'NER, one who, or that which,
twines.--_adj._ TW[=I]'NING, twisting, winding.--_adv._ TW[=I]'NINGLY.
[A.S. _twín_, double-thread (Dut. _twijn_)--_twí-_, double.]
TWINE, tw[=i]n, a variant of _twin_, to separate.
TWINGE, twinj, _v.t._ to twitch or pinch: to affect with a sharp, sudden
pain.--_v.i._ to have or suffer a sudden, sharp pain, like a twitch.--_n._
a twitch, a pinch: a sudden, sharp pain. [M. E. _twingen_, cog. with Ger.
_zwingen_, to constrain; also with Ger. _zwangen_, to press.]
TWINK, twingk, _n._ (_Shak._) a twinkle, a wink.
TWINK, twingk, _v.t._ to twitter, chirp.
TWINKLE, twing'kl, _v.i._ to blink: to shine with a trembling, sparkling
light: to sparkle: to open and shut the eyes rapidly: to quiver.--_ns._
TWINK'LE, TWINK'LING, a quick motion of the eye: the time occupied by a
wink: an instant: the scintillation of the fixed stars; TWINK'LER. [A.S.
_twinclian_.]
TWINTER, twin't[.e]r, _n._ (_Scot._) a beast two years old.
TWIRE, tw[=i]r, _v.i._ (_obs._) to glance obliquely: (_Shak._) to twinkle,
to gleam--also TWEER.--_n._ a shy look. [Cf. Bavarian _zwiren_, to spy,
glance. Cf. _Queer_ and _Thwart_.]
TWIRE, tw[=i]r, _v.t._ (_obs._) to twist, twirl. [Perh. conn. with A.S.
_thweran_, to stir, churn; cf. Old High Ger. _dweran_, to stir.]
TWIRK, twirk, _n._ (_Scot._) a twitch.
TWIRL, tw[.e]rl, _v.t._ to turn round rapidly, esp. with the
fingers.--_v.i._ to turn round rapidly: to be whirled round.--_n._ a whirl:
a rapid circular motion.--_n._ TWIRL'ER.--TWIRL ONE'S THUMBS, to do
nothing, be idle. [A.S. _thwirel_, a whisk for whipping milk--_thweran_, to
churn, stir; Ger. _quirl_, _querl_, a stirring-spoon; cf. Ice. _thvara_, a
stick for stirring, Gr. _toryne_, L. _trua_.]
TWISSEL, twis'l, _adj._ (_obs._) double.--_n._ anything double.--_adj._
TWISS'EL-TONGUED, double-tongued.
TWIST, twist, _v.t._ to twine: to unite or form by winding together: to
form from several threads: to encircle with something: to wreathe: to wind
spirally: to turn from the true form or meaning: to fabricate, compose: to
cause to move spirally, to bend: to wrest, wrench: to insinuate.--_v.i._ to
be united by winding: to be bent, to move spirally: to revolve: to
writhe.--_n._ that which is twisted: a cord: a single thread: manner of
twisting: a contortion: a small roll of tobacco: a strong silk thread:
(_obs._) coarse cloth: a wrench, strain: a peculiar bent, perversion:
(_slang_) a mixed drink, also an appetite for food.--_adjs._ TWIST'ABLE;
TWIST'ED.--_n._ TW[=I]ST'ER, one who, or that which, twists: a whirling
wind, a tornado: the inner part, of the thigh of a rider on horseback: a
ball, as in cricket, billiards, &c., sent with a twist.--_v.t._ TWIST'LE
(_Scot._), to twist.--_n._ a wrench.--TWIST OF THE WRIST, the turning
movement of the wrist in any work requiring dexterity, any quick action.
[A.S. _twist_, a rope--_twí-_, two; Ger. _zwist_, discord.]
TWIT, twit, _v.t._ to remind of some fault, &c.:--_pr.p._ twit'ting;
_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ twit'ted.--_n._ a reproach.--_n._ TWIT'TER.--_adj._
TWIT'TING.--_adv._ TWIT'TINGLY, in a twitting manner. [A.S. _æt-witan_, to
reproach--_æt_, against, _witan_ (Scot. _wyte_, Ger. _ver-weisen_), to
blame.]
TWITCH, twich, _v.t._ to pull with a sudden jerk: to pluck: to
snatch.--_v.i._ to be suddenly jerked: to move spasmodically: to carp,
sneer.--_n._ a sudden, quick pull: a spasmodic contraction of the muscles:
a loop fixed to a stick for fixing on the upper lip of a refractory horse
during shoeing, &c.: the sudden narrowing almost to nothing of a vein of
ore.--_ns._ TWITCH'ER; TWITCH'ING. [A.S. _twiccian_, to pluck; Ger.
_zwicken_.]
TWITCH-GRASS=_Couch-grass_.
TWITTER, twit'[.e]r, _n._ a chirp, as of a bird: a tremulous broken sound:
a slight trembling of the nerves.--_v.i._ to make a succession of small
tremulous noises: to feel a slight trembling of the nerves, to
palpitate.--_v.t._ to chirp out.--_ns._ TWITTER[=A]'TION, a flutter;
TWITT'ERING, act of twittering: the sound of twittering: nervous
excitement.--_adv._ TWITT'ERINGLY. [A freq. of _twit_, allied to _titter_,
&c.; cf. Ger. _zwitschern_, Sw. _qvittra_.]
TWITTER-BONE, twit'[.e]r-b[=o]n, _n._ an excrescence on a horse's
hoof.--_adj._ TWITT'ER-BONED, shaky.
TWIT-TWAT, twit'-twot, _n._ the house sparrow.
'TWIXT. Abbreviation for _betwixt_.
TWIZZLE, twiz'l, _v.i._ (_prov._) to roll and twist.
TWO, t[=oo], _adj._ one and one.--_n._ the sum of one and one: a figure
representing two: a pair.--_n._ TWO'-DECK'ER, a vessel of war carrying guns
on two decks.--_adjs._ TWO'-EDGED, having two edges; TWO'-FACED, having two
faces, hence double-dealing, false; TWO'FOLD, folded twice: multiplied by
two: double.--_adv._ doubly.--_adjs._ TWO'-FORKED, TW[=I]'-FORKED,
double-pronged, bifurcate; TWO'-FRONT'ED, having fronts on opposite sides;
TWO'-HAND'ED, having, or used with, two hands: ambidexterous, handy: to be
used by two persons; TWO'-HEAD'ED, having two heads: directed by two
authorities; TWO'-LEAVED, having two distinct leaves; TWO'-LEGGED,
furnished with two legs; TWO'-LINE (_print._), having a depth of body equal
to double that of the size specified, as _two-line_ nonpareil or pica;
TWO'-LIPPED, having two lips: divided so as to resemble two lips;
TWO'-MAST'ED, having two masts; TWO'-NEE'DLE, perforated with two
needles.--_n._ TWO'NESS, the state of being two, doubleness.--_adj._
TWO'-PART'ED, bipartite, divided into two nearly to the base.--_n._
TWOPENCE (tup'ens, or t[=oo]'pens), the sum of two pennies: (_Shak._) a
gilt coin worth two pence.--_adj._ TWOPENNY (tup'en-i, or t[=oo]'pen-i), of
the value of twopence: cheap, worthless.--_n._ ale sold at twopence a
quart.--_adjs._ TWO'-PLY, consisting of two thicknesses: woven double;
TWO'-RANKED, alternately arranged in two exactly opposite rows, distichous,
bifarious; TWO'-SID'ED, having two surfaces, or two aspects or phases:
facing two ways, turned in two directions, often with implied sense of
double-dealing or deceit; TWO'SOME, two, twofold; TWO'-TONGUED,
double-tongued, deceitful; TWO'-WAY, arranged so as to permit a fluid to be
turned into either of two channels: (_math._) having a double mode of
variation; TW[=I]'-N[=A]'TURED, TWY'-N[=A]'TURED, double natured--human and
animal in one.--BE TWO, to be at variance; IN TWO, asunder. [A.S. _twá_
(_fem._), _twégen_ (masc.), _twa_, _tú_ (neut.); Ger. _zwei_, Goth. _twai_;
also Gr. _dyo_, L. _duo_, Sans. _dva_, Gael. _da_, _do_.]
TWYER, tw[=i]'[.e]r, _n._ a tube through which the blast of air enters a
blast-furnace.--Also TUY'ERE, TWEER, TUY'ER, TWI'ER. [Fr. _tuyère_, a
nozzle.]
TYBURN, t[=i]'burn, _n._ the historic place of execution in London.--_ns._
TY'BURN-TICK'ET, a certificate of exemption from certain parochial offices
formerly granted to the prosecutor of a felon to conviction;
TY'BURN-TIPP'ET, a halter; TY'BURN-TREE, the gallows.
TYCHE, t[=i]'k[=e], _n._ (_Gr. myth._) the goddess of fortune.
TYCHONIC, t[=i]-kon'ik, _adj._ pertaining to the Danish astronomer, _Tycho_
Brahe (1546-1601), or his system.
TYCOON, t[=i]-k[=oo]n', _n._ the title by which the Shoguns of Japan were
known to foreigners from 1854 to 1868.--_n._ TYCOON'[=A]TE, the shogunate.
[Jap. _taikun_, great prince--Chin. _ta_, great, _kiun_, prince.]
TYE, t[=i], _v.t._ to wash ore in a tye.--_n._ a narrow buddle or inclined
hutch for washing ore. [Prob. A.S. _thweán_, to wash.]
TYE, t[=i], _n._ an old form of _tie_: a runner of thick rope or chain,
which forms part of the purchase used for hoisting the topsail and
top-gallant yards.--_ns._ TYE'-BLOCK, the block on the yard through which
the tye is rove, and passes on to be secured at the masthead; TY'ING, the
act of fastening, a fastening.
TYKE. See TIKE.
TYLARUS, til'a-rus, _n._ one of the fleshy pads of the toe:--_pl._
TYL'AR[=I]. [Gr. _tylos_, a knot.]
TYLE-BERRY, t[=i]l'-ber'i, _n._ the coral-plant.
TYLER=_Tiler_ (q.v.).
TYLOPOD, t[=i]'l[=o]-pod, _adj._ having padded digits, as the camel.--_n._
one of the _Tylopoda_. [Gr. _tylos_, a knot, _pous_, _podos_, a foot.]
TYLOSIS, t[=i]-l[=o]'sis, _n._ (_bot._) a growth formed in the cavity of a
duct by intrusion from a contiguous growing cell: an inflammation of the
eyelids: callosity:--_pl._ TYL[=O]'SES.--_adj._ TYLOT'IC. [Gr.]
TYLOTE, t[=i]'l[=o]t, _n._ a cylindrical spicule, knobbed at both
ends.--_adj._ TY'L[=O]T[=A]TE. [Gr. _tyl[=o]tos_--_tylos_, a knot.]
TYMBAL=_Timbal_ (q.v.).
TYMP, timp, _n._ the crown of the opening in front of the hearth in a
blast-furnace.
TYMPAN, tim'pan, _n._ an ancient Irish musical instrument: a frame covered
with parchment or cloth, on which the blank sheets are placed to be
impressed. [Fr.,--L. _tympanum_, a drum.]
TYMPANUM, tim'pan-um, _n._ (_anat._) the membrane which separates the
external from the internal ear, often called the drum of the ear: in
certain birds, the labyrinth at the bottom of the windpipe: (_archit._) the
triangular space between sloping and horizontal cornices, or in the corners
or sides of an arch: the panel of a door: a water-raising current wheel,
originally drum-shaped.--_adjs._ TYM'PANAL, TYMPAN'IC, like a drum:
pertaining to the tympanum.--_n._ a bone of the ear, supporting the
drum-membrane.--_adj._ TYM'PANIFORM, like a tympanum.--_ns._ TYM'PANIST,
one who plays a drum; TYMPAN[=I]'T[=E]S, flatulent distension of the
belly.--_adj._ TYMPANIT'IC.--_ns._ TYMPAN[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the
membrane of the ear; TYM'PANY, any swelling, turgidity:
tympanites.--TYMPANIC MEMBRANE, the drum-membrane of the ear; TYMPANIC
RESONANCE, the peculiar high-pitched quality of sound produced by
percussion over the intestines, &c., when they contain air; TYMPANIC RING,
an annular tympanic bone, to which the tympanic membrane is attached.
[L.,--Gr. _tympanon_, _typanon_, a kettledrum--_typtein_, to strike.]
TYNDE, t[=i]nd, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ (_Spens._) kindled.
TYNE, t[=i]n, _v.i._ (_Spens._) to become lost, to perish.
TYNE, t[=i]n, _n._ (_Spens._) anxiety.
TYNEWALD, TINEWALD, tin'wold, _n._ the parliament of the Isle of Man. [Cf.
Shetland _tingwall_--Ice. _thing-völlr_--_ting_, a parliament, _völlr_, a
wood.]
TYPE, t[=i]p, _n._ a mark or figure struck or stamped upon something: an
emblem or figure of something to come, esp. the foreshadowing in the Old
Testament of something realised in the New (the _antitype_): an exemplar,
pattern: a representative style, model: the principal device on a coin or
medal: a model in nature made the subject of a copy: (_nat. hist._) that
which combines best the characteristics of a group: the order in which the
symptoms of a disease exhibit themselves: a chemical compound which
represents the composition and structure of many more complex compounds,
esp. Gerhardt's four types--hydrochloric acid, water, ammonia, and
marsh-gas: a piece of metal, wood, or other material, on one end of which
is cast or engraved a character, sign, &c. used in printing (the sizes are
designated by different names in respect of their _body_--i.e. the depths
of the _face_ which comes in contact with the ink plus the _bevel_ and
_beard_.[Illustration] Again, differences in width render the type _fat_ or
_lean_, or, if strongly marked, _extended_ or _condensed_; differences in
style or face are endless--_Roman_ and _Italic_ compose the text of all
books in English; _Antique_ (1), _Gothic_ (2), _Clarendon_ (3), and
_Black-letter_ (4) are approved styles for display. In America types are
designated according to the number of 'points' of which the body consists.
The point is 1/12 of a Pica; Nonpareil would accordingly be called six
points. On the Continent the point is 1/12 of a Cicero, a body between Pica
and English): the whole types used in printing.--_v.t._ to constitute a
type of: to reproduce in type: to typify.--_adj._ TY'PAL.--_ns._ TYPE'-BAR,
a line of type cast in one piece, as in a linotype or typograph;
TYPE'-BLOCK, a body of metal or wood on which a type is cut or cast;
TYPE'-CAST'ING, the act of founding type in moulds; TYPE'-CUT'TER, one who
engraves dies for printing-types; TYPE'-CYL'INDER, the cylinder of a rotary
printing-machine on which types or plates are fastened for printing;
TYPE'-FOUND'ER, one who founds or casts printers' type; TYPE'-FOUND'ING;
TYPE'-FOUND'RY, a place where type is founded or manufactured; TYPE'-GAUGE,
a type-measure: a gauge for estimating the size of type.--_adj._
TYPE'-HIGH, of the standard height of type--of a woodcut, &c.--_ns._
TYPE'-HOLD'ER, a bookbinder's pallet or holder for use in hand-stamping;
TYPEM'BRYO, an embryo at the stage when it first exhibits the type of
structure of the phylum or sub-kingdom to which it belongs; TYPE'-MET'AL,
metal used for making types, a compound of tin, antimony, copper, and lead;
TYPE'-SCALE, a measuring-rod for type; TYPE'-SET'TER, a compositor: a
machine which combines types in proper order for printing;
TYPE'-SET'TING.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ TYPE'WRITE, to produce by means of a
typewriter: to practise typewriting.--_ns._ TYPE'WRITER, a machine for
producing legible characters on paper by mechanical means without the use
of a pen: an operator on a typewriting machine; TYPE'WRITING.--_adjs._
TYP'IC, -AL, pertaining to, or constituting, a type: emblematic:
figurative: (_nat. hist._) combining the characteristics of a group:
connotative, indicative.--_n._ TYPICAL'ITY.--_adv._ TYP'ICALLY.--_ns._
TYP'ICALNESS; TYPIFIC[=A]'TION; TYPIF[=I]'ER.--_v.t._ TYP'IFY, to make a
type of: to represent by an image or resemblance: to prefigure:--_pa.p._
and _pa.t._ typ'if[=i]ed.--_ns._ TY'PIST, one who uses a typewriter; TYPO
(t[=i]'p[=o]), a compositor; TY'POCOSMY (_Bacon_), universal terminology;
TY'POGRAPH, a machine for making and setting type; TYPOG'RAPHER, a printer;
TYPOGRAPH'IA (_pl._), miscellany relating to printers and printing:
(_sing._) a book of instruction in printing.--_adjs._ TYPOGRAPH'IC, -AL,
pertaining to typography or printing.--_adv._ TYPOGRAPH'ICALLY.--_ns._
TYPOG'RAPHIST, a student of typography; TYPOG'RAPHY, the art of printing:
(_orig._) the art of representing by types or symbols: the general
appearance of printed matter.--_adj._ TYPOLOG'ICAL, pertaining to
typology.--_ns._ TYPOL'OGY, the doctrine of Scripture types or figures;
TYPOM[=A]'NIA, a craze for printing one's lucubrations.--TYPE GENUS
(_biol._), a generic type; TYPE SPECIES (_biol._), a specific type.--UNITY
OF TYPE, the fundamental agreement in structure seen in organic beings of
the same class or order. [Fr. _type_--L. _typus_--Gr. _typos_--_typtein_,
to strike.]
[Illustration]
The above specimen lines show the usual bodies used in the texts of
books and newspapers; (1) being set in Great Primer, (2) in English,
(3) in Pica, (4) in Small Pica, (5) in Long Primer, (6) in Bourgeois,
(7) in Brevier, (8) in Minion, (9) in Nonpareil, (10) in Pearl, and
(11) in Diamond.
The black squares represent the square of the body of the type, one of
the units of measurement, and is called an _em_, the letter M being
exactly square.
The following is a list of the number of lines to the foot of the
respective bodies as made in actual metal types:
Great Primer 51¼ Brevier 111
English 64 Minion 122
Pica 72 Nonpareil 144
Small Pica 83 Pearl 179
Long Primer 89 Diamond 204
Bourgeois 102
A 'font' of type is an indefinite quantity having all the proper
proportions of 'sorts,' including capitals and small capitals,
lower-case, spaces, points and references, figures, accents, hyphens,
ligatures ([Ligatures for fi fl and ffi]), &c. The proportion of
letters ranges from 200 z's to 12,000 e's. The smaller letters are
called _lower-case_, from the case in which the compositor has them
arranged; the capitals and small capitals being in a different or
_upper_ case.
TYPHA, t[=i]'fa, _n._ one of two distinct reed-like plants called Bulrush.
[Gr. _typh[=e]_, cat-tail.]
TYPHLITIS, tif-l[=i]'tis, _n._ inflammation of the cæcum and vermiform
appendix--also TYPHLOËNTER[=I]'TIS.--_adj._ TYPHLIT'IC. [Gr. _typhlos_,
blind.]
TYPHOËAN, t[=i]-f[=o]'[=e]-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Typhoëus_, a monster
of Greek mythology, buried under Etna.
TYPHOID, t[=i]'foid, _adj._ pertaining to a widely-spread form of enteric
or intestinal fever, long confounded with typhus, on account of the
characteristic rash of rose-coloured spots--now proved to depend on
defective hygienic conditions, and particularly on imperfect disposal of
excreta--also TYPHOID FEVER.--_adjs._ TY'PHOIDAL; TYPHOMAL[=A]'RIAL, having
both typhoid and malarial characteristics.--_n._ TYPHOM[=A]'NIA, a form of
sleepless stupor and delirium in some cases of typhus fever--also
TYPH[=O]'NIA. [Gr. _typh[=o]d[=e]s_--_typhos_, smoke, _eidos_, likeness.
Cf. _Typhus_.]
TYPHOON, t[=i]-f[=oo]n', _n._ a violent hurricane which occurs in the
Chinese seas.--_adj._ TYPHON'IC. [Port. _tufão_--Ar., Pers., Hind.
_t[=u]f[=a]n_, a hurricane, perh. traceable to Gr. _typh[=o]n_, whence obs.
Eng. _typhon_, a whirlwind. The Chinese _t'ai fung_, a great wind, _pao
fung_, fierce wind, are prob. independent.]
TYPHUS, t[=i]'fus, _n._ an extremely contagious and very fatal kind of
continued fever, specially associated with filth and overcrowding, often
occurring as an epidemic--_Jail-fever_, _Camp-fever_, &c.--_adj._ TY'PHOUS,
relating to typhus. [Through Late L. from Gr. _typhos_, smoke, hence stupor
arising from fever--_typhein_, to smoke.]
TYPOLITE, tip'[=o]-l[=i]t, _n._ a stone or fossil imprinted with the
impression of a plant or animal. [Gr. _typos_, impression, _lithos_,
stone.]
TYPONYM, t[=i]'p[=o]-nim, _n._ a name based upon a type, as a specimen or
species.--_adjs._ TYPON'YMAL, TYPONYM'IC. [Gr. _typos_, type, _onyma_,
name.]
TYPORAMA, tip-[=o]-rä'ma, _n._ a model or representation in fac-simile.
[Gr. _typos_, type, _horama_, view.]
TYPTOLOGY, tip-tol'[=o]-ji, _n._ the so-called science or theory of
spirit-rapping.--_adj._ TYPTOLOG'ICAL.--_n._ TYPTOL'OGIST, one by whose
means spirit-rappings are alleged to be induced: one who professes to
believe in the genuineness of these. [Gr. _typtein_, to strike,
_logia_--_legein_, to say.]
TYR, tir, _n._ the name of a war-god in the old Norse mythology, a son of
Odin. [Ice. _Týr_.]
TYRANT, t[=i]'rant, _n._ one who uses his power arbitrarily and
oppressively: (_orig._) an absolute monarch or irresponsible magistrate
with unlimited powers or an overruling influence.--_v.t._ to tyrannise
over.--_n._ TY'RAN (_Spens._), a tyrant.--_v.t._ to play the tyrant
over.--_n._ TYR'ANNESS (_Spens._), a female tyrant.--_adjs._ TYRAN'NIC,
-AL, TYR'ANNOUS, pertaining to or suiting a tyrant: unjustly severe:
imperious: despotic.--_advs._ TYRAN'NICALLY, TYR'ANNOUSLY.--_n._
TYRAN'NICALNESS.--_adj._ TYRAN'NICIDAL.--_n._ TYRAN'NICIDE, the act of
killing a tyrant: one who kills a tyrant.--_n.pl._ TYRAN'NIDÆ, a family of
Passerine birds, the typical genus TYRAN'NUS, the tyrant-birds or
tyrant-flycatchers.--_v.i._ TYR'ANNISE, to act as a tyrant: to rule with
oppressive severity.--_v.t._ to act the tyrant to.--_adj._
TYR'ANNISH.--_n._ TYR'ANNY, the government or authority of a tyrant:
absolute monarchy cruelly administered: oppression: cruelty: harshness. [O.
Fr. _tirant_ (Fr. _tyran_)--L. _tyrannns_--Gr. _tyrannos_ (Doric
_koiranos_).]
TYRE. See TIRE.
TYRE, t[=i]r, _n._ (_Spens._) attire, dress.--_v.t._ to adorn.
TYRIAN, tir'i-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Tyre_: deep-purple, like the dye
formerly prepared at Tyre.--_n._ a native of Tyre.--TYRIAN CYNOSURE, the
constellation Ursa Minor, a familiar guide to Tyrian mariners.
TYRIASIS, ti-r[=i]'a-sis, _n._ elephantiasis Arabum: the falling out of the
hair.--Also TYR[=O]'MA. [Gr. _tyros_, cheese.]
TYRO, TIRO, t[=i]'r[=o], _n._ one learning any art: one not yet well
acquainted with a subject:--_pl._ TY'ROS.--_ns._ TYROC'INY, pupilage (see
TIROCINIUM); TY'RONISM, state of being a tyro. [L. _tiro_, a young
recruit.]
TYROLESE, tir-ol-[=e]z', _adj._ relating to _Tyrol_, or to its
people.--_n._ a native of Tyrol.--_n._ TYROLIENNE', a Tyrolese peasants'
dance, or its music.
TYROTOXICON, t[=i]-r[=o]-tok'si-kon, _n._ a ptomaine in milk or cheese.
[Gr. _tyros_, cheese, _toxicon_, poison.]
TYRRHENIAN, ti-r[=e]'ni-an, _adj._ Etruscan--also TYRRH[=E]NE'.--_n._ an
Etruscan.--TYRRHENIAN SEA, that part of the Mediterranean between Tuscany
and Sardinia and Corsica. [Gr. _Tyrrh[=e]nia_, Etruria.]
TYRTÆAN, tir-t[=e]'an, _adj._ of or pertaining to _Tyrtæus_, a Greek
martial poet of the 7th century B.C.
TYTHE, t[=i]_th_, _n._ a form of _tithe_.
TZAR, TZARINA=_Czar_, _Czarina_.
TZIGANY, tsig'a-ni, _n._ a Hungarian gipsy.--_adj._ [Hung. _Cigany_, Gipsy;
cf. It. _Zingano_, _Zingaro_, Ger. _Zigeuner_.]
* * * * *
U the twenty-first letter and the fifth vowel in our alphabet--evolving
amongst the Greeks as _V_, with the value of _u_. From V, the lapidary and
capital form, the uncial and cursive forms U and _u_ were developed,
gradually V becoming appropriated as the symbol for the consonant, and the
medial form _u_ as the symbol for the vowel.
UBEROUS, [=u]'ber-us, _adj._ (_Browning_) yielding abundance,
fruitful.--_n._ U'BERTY, fruitfulness. [L. _uber_.]
UBIQUITY, [=u]-bik'wi-ti, _n._ existence everywhere at the same time:
omnipresence.--_ns._ UB[=I]'ETY, the state of being in a definite place,
whereness: omnipresence; UBIQUIT[=A]'RIAN, one who believes in the relative
omnipresence of the human nature of Christ, and accordingly in His actual
necessary bodily presence in the Eucharist.--_adj._ omnipresent--also
_adj._ and _n._ UBIQU[=A]'RIAN (_rare_).--_adjs._ UBIQ'UITOUS, UBIQ'UITARY,
being everywhere.--_adv._ UBIQ'UITOUSLY. [Fr. _ubiquité_, formed from L.
_ubique_, everywhere.]
UDAL, [=u]'dal, _adj._ applied to land held solely by uninterrupted
succession, under no feudal superior.--_n._ a freehold estate.--_n._
U'DALLER, a holder of such. [Ice. _ódhal_, a homestead.]
UDDER, ud'[.e]r, _n._ the mammary glands of various animals, esp. cows,
&c.--_adjs._ UDD'ERED; UDD'ERFUL; UDD'ERLESS. [A.S. _úder_; cog. with Ger.
_euter_; also conn. with L. _uber_, Gr. _outhar_.]
UDOMETER, [=u]-dom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ a rain-gauge.--_adj._ UDOMET'RIC. [L.
_udus_, wet, Gr. _metron_, a measure.]
UG, ug, _n._ (_prov._) a surfeit.--_v.i._ to feel a loathing.--_v.t._ to
give a surfeit to. [Ice. _uggr_, fear.]
UGH, uh, _interj._ an exclamation of repugnance.
UGLY, ug'li, _adj._ offensive to the eye: deformed: hateful: ill-natured:
very severe, dangerous, as an ugly wound.--_n._ (_coll._) an ugly person: a
hood formerly worn by ladies as a shade for the eyes.--_v.t._ (rare) to
make ugly.--_n._ UGLIFIC[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ UG'LIFY, to make ugly.--_adv._
UG'LILY, in an ugly manner.--_n._ UG'LINESS.--_adj._ UG'SOME,
hideous.--_n._ UG'SOMENESS.--UGLY CUSTOMER, a dangerous antagonist; UGLY
MAN, the actual person who garrottes the victim in a confederacy of three,
the others, the fore-stall and back-stall, covering his escape. [Ice.
_uggligr_, frightful, _uggr_, fear; akin to Goth. _ogan_, A.S. _oge_,
fear.]
UGRIAN, [=oo]'gri-an, _adj._ pertaining to the _Ugrians_, a name used by
Castrén for Ostiaks, Voguls, and Magyars belonging to the Ugro-Finnic
division of the Ural-Altaic peoples.--Also UG'RIC.
UHLAN, [=u]'lan, _n._ one of a kind of light cavalry for outpost duty, &c.,
armed with a lance, famous esp. in the Prussian army. [Polish _ulan_, orig.
a light Tartar horseman--Turk, _ogl[=a]n_, a young man.]
UITLANDER, the Dutch form of _Outlander_. See under OUTLAND.
UKASE, [=u]-k[=a]s', _n._ a Russian decree having the force of law,
emanating from the Czar directly or from the senate: any official
proclamation. [Russ. _ukaz[)u]_, an edict--_y-_, prefix, _kazat[)i]_,
show.]
ULCER, ul's[.e]r, _n._ a dangerous sore, discharging matter: (_fig._) a
sore, a strain.--_v.i._ UL'CERATE, to be formed into an ulcer.--v.t to
affect with an ulcer or ulcers.--_n._ ULCER[=A]'TION, that part or effect
of an inflammatory process in which the materials of inflamed tissues,
liquefied or degenerate, are cast off, in solution or very minute
particles, from free surfaces, or, more rarely, are absorbed from the
substance of the body: an ulcer.--_adjs._ UL'CERED, affected with an ulcer;
UL'CEROUS, of the nature of an ulcer: affected with an ulcer.--_adv._
UL'CEROUSLY, in an ulcerous manner.--_n._ UL'CEROUSNESS. [Fr. _ulcère_--L.
_ulcus_, _ulc[)e]ris_; Gr. _helkos_, a wound.]
ULEMA, [=oo]'le-ma, _n._ the collective name (which can not be used as a
singular) of the body of professional theologians and doctors of divinity,
and therefore of law, in any Mohammedan country. [Ar., plur. of _`âlim_,
learned.]
ULEX, [=u]'leks, _n._ a genus of shrubs of the Bean family, including the
furze, gorse, or whin. [L.]
ULIGINOSE, [=u]-lij'i-n[=o]s, _adj._ growing in swampy places.--Also
ULIG'INOUS. [L. _uliginosus_--_uligo_--_uv[=e]re_, to be wet.]
ULITIS, [=u]-l[=i]'tis, _n._ inflammation of the gums.--_ns._ ULON'CUS,
swelling of the gums; ULORRH[=A]'GIA, bleeding from the gums. [Gr. _oula_,
gums.]
ULLAGE, ul'[=a]j, _n._ the quantity a cask lacks of being full.--_n._
ULL'ING. [O. Fr. _eullage_--_oeiller_, to fill up, prob. from L. _ova_, the
brim.]
ULLA-LULLA, ul'a-lul'a, _n._ an Irish word for a lament for the dead.
ULMACEOUS, ul-m[=a]'shus, _adj._ relating to an order of trees of which the
elm is the type.--_adjs._ UL'MIC, UL'MOUS, pertaining to ulmin.--_ns._
UL'MIN, a dark-brown gummy substance exuded from excrescences in the elm,
oak, &c., and present in peat, vegetable mould, &c.; UL'MUS, the genus of
the elms. [L. _ulmus_, an elm.]
ULNA, ul'na, _n._ the inner and larger of the two bones of the
forearm:--_pl._ UL'NÆ.--_adv._ UL'NAD, toward the ulna.--_adj._
UL'NAR.--_n._ ULN[=A]'RE, an element of the primitive carpus situated on
the ulnar side--represented in man by the cuneiform bone:--_pl._
ULN[=A]'RIA. [L. _ulna_; Eng. _ell_.]
ULODENDRON, [=u]-l[=o]-den'dron, _n._ a genus of fossil trees with
lepidodendroid cortical scars.
ULOSIS, [=u]-l[=o]'sis, _n._ the process by which a scar is formed,
cicatrisation. [Gr. _oul[=e]_, a scar.]
ULOTRICHOUS, [=u]-lot'ri-kus, _adj._ having crisp woolly hair.--_adj._ and
_n._ ULOT'RICHAN:--_ns.pl._ ULOT'RICHI, ULOT'RICHES. [Gr. _oulos_, woolly,
_thrix_, _trichos_, hair.]
ULSTER, ul'st[.e]r, _n._ a long and loose kind of overcoat worn by men and
women, usually having a hood and belt.--_n._ UL'STER-CUS'TOM, the form of
tenant-right long customary in _Ulster_, and legalised by statute in 1870
and 1881 (see TENANT-RIGHT).--_adj._ UL'STERED, wearing an ulster.
ULTERIOR, ul-t[=e]'ri-or, _adj._ on the further side: beyond: in the
future: remoter, beyond what is seen or avowed.--_adv._ ULT[=E]'RIORLY, in
an ulterior or remote manner. [L. _ulterior_ (comp. of _ulter_), that is
beyond or on the other side.]
ULTIMATE, ul'ti-m[=a]t, _adj._ furthest: last: incapable of further
division.--_adv._ UL'TIMATELY.--_n._ ULTIM[=A]'TUM, the final proposition
or terms for a treaty:--_pl._ ULTIM[=A]'TA.--_adj._ UL'TIMO, in the last
(month).--_n._ UL'TIMO-GEN'ITURE, the same as _Borough-English_
(q.v.)--opp. to _Primogeniture_.--ULTIMUS HÆRES (_law_), the crown or the
state, which succeeds to the property of those who die intestate, without
leaving next of kin, or who, being bastards, have no next of kin. [L.
_ultimus_, the last, superl. of _ulter_.]