TROGGS, trogz, _n.pl._ (_Scot._) clothes.--_n._ TROG'GIN, peddlers' goods.
TROGLODYTE, trog'l[=o]-d[=i]t, _n._ a cave-dweller.--_adjs._ TROG'LODYTE,
TROGLODYT'IC, -AL, cave-dwelling.--_n._ TROG'LODYTISM. [Fr.,--Gr.
_tr[=o]glodyt[=e]s_--_tr[=o]gl[=e]_, a cave, _dyein_, to enter.]
TROGON, tr[=o]'gon, _n._ one of a family of tropical and esp. South
American birds of the order _Picariæ_, with brilliant plumage--the most
celebrated species the Quetzal or Resplendent Trogon of Guatemala.--_adj._
TR[=O]'GONOID.
TROIC, tr[=o]'ik, _adj._ Trojan.
TROIKA, troi'ka, _n._ a Russian vehicle having three horses abreast. [Russ.
_troe_, _troi_, three.]
TROJAN, tr[=o]'jan, _adj._ pertaining to ancient _Troy_.--_n._ an
inhabitant of ancient Troy: (_coll._) a plucky fellow: (_Shak._) a boon
companion.
TROKE, tr[=o]k, _n._ (_Scot._) exchange: small wares: familiar
intercourse.--_v.i._ to exchange, deal.--_n._ TR[=O]'KING, dealing, making
petty bargains, familiar intercourse with. [_Truck_.]
TROLL, tr[=o]l, _n._ in Scandinavian mythology, a supernatural being of
small size, dwelling in a cave, hill, &c. [Ice. _troll_ (Ger. _droll_). Cf.
_Droll_.]
TROLL, tr[=o]l, _v.t._ to move circularly: to sing the parts of in
succession, as of a catch or round: to angle or fish for in a certain way:
to fish for.--_v.i._ to roll: to move or run about: to sing a catch: to
stroll, ramble: to fish, esp. for pike, with rod and line, using revolving
lure, artificial or natural, such as spoon-bait, minnow, &c.--_n._ a moving
round, repetition: a round song.--_ns._ TROLL'ER; TROLL'EY, TROLL'Y, a
costermonger's cart: a metallic roller or pulley used in many electric
street-railways in connection with an overhead electric conductor: a small
truck running in a furnace, or in mines: lace whose pattern is outlined
with a thicker thread or a flat border made up of several such threads;
TROLL'ING; TROLL'ING-BAIT, -SPOON, a metallic revolving lure used in
trolling. [O. Fr. _troller_, _trauler_ (Fr. _trôler_), to stroll; Old High
Ger. _trollen_, to run.]
TROLL-MY-DAME, trol'-mi-d[=a]m, _n._ (_Shak._) an old game.--Also
_Nine-holes_, _Pigeon-holes_, and _Trunks_.
TROLLOL, trol'lol', _v.t._ and _v.i._ to sing, to troll.
TROLLOP, trol'op, _n._ (_Scot._) a loitering, slatternly woman: a woman
negligently dressed: a draggle-tail: a strumpet.--_v.i._ to draggle: to
work in a slovenly way.--_adjs._ TROLL'OPING, TROLL'OPISH, TROLL'OPY. [From
troll, in the sense of running about.]
TROMBONE, trom'b[=o]n, _n._ a deep-toned brass musical wind instrument of
the trumpet kind, consisting of a tube bent twice on itself.--_n._
TROM'BONIST. [It.; augm. of _tromba_, a trumpet.]
TROMMEL, trom'el, _n._ a revolving cylindrical sieve for cleaning or sizing
ore. [Ger. _trommel_, a drum.]
TROMOMETER, tr[=o]-mom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring slight
earthquake shocks.--_adj._ TROMOMET'RIC. [Gr. _tromos_, a trembling,
_metron_, a measure.]
TROMPE, tromp, _n._ the apparatus by which the blast is produced in the
Catalan forge.--Also TROMP.
TRON, tron, or tr[=o]n, _n._ the most ancient system of weight used in
Scotland, the _Tron_ or _Trone_ being a heavy beam or balance set up in the
market-place, and employed for the weighing of heavy wares.--_n._ TRON'AGE,
a royal tax on wool. [O. Fr. _trone_--L. _trutina_, a pair of scales.]
TRONA, tr[=o]'na, _n._ the native soda of Egypt, a grayish hydrous sodium
carbonate. [_Natron_.]
TRONCHEON, tron'shun, _n._ (_Spens._) a headless spear.--_adj._ TRONÇONNÉE
(_her._), shivered, as a tilting-spear, dismembered. [_Truncheon_.]
TRONE, tr[=o]n, _n._ (_prov._) a small drain.
TROOP, tr[=oo]p, _n._ a crowd or collection of people: a company: soldiers
taken collectively, an army, usually in _pl._: a small body of cavalry,
forming the unit of formation, consisting usually of sixty men,
corresponding to a company of infantry: the command of a troop of
horse.--_v.i._ to collect in numbers: to march in a company, or in
haste.--_ns._ TROOP'ER, a private cavalry soldier: a cavalry horse: a
troop'-ship; TROOP'-HORSE, a cavalry horse; TROOP'-SHIP, a vessel for
conveying soldiers.--TROOPING THE COLOURS, a ceremony performed at the
public mounting of garrison guards.--HOUSEHOLD TROOPS (see HOUSE). [Fr.
_troupe_, prob. through Low L. forms, from L. _turba_, a crowd.]
TROPÆOLUM, tr[=o]-p[=e]'[=o]-lum, _n._ a genus of plants, natives of South
America, annual or perennial herbs of trailing or climbing
habits--Nasturtium, &c. [Gr. _tropaios_, pertaining to turning.]
TROPARION, tr[=o]-p[=a]'ri-on, _n._ in the offices of the Greek Church, a
short hymn or a stanza of a hymn:--_pl._ TROP[=A]'RIA. [Gr. _tropos_, a
musical mode.]
TROPE, tr[=o]p, _n._ (_rhet._) a word or expression changed from its proper
sense for emphasis, a figure of speech---metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche,
and irony: a short cadence peculiar to Gregorian melodies--also
_Differentia_ and _Distinctio_: formerly, a phrase occasionally
interpolated in different parts of the mass: (_geom._) the reciprocal of a
node.--_adj._ TR[=O]'PICAL, figurative.--_adv._ TR[=O]'PICALLY.--_n._
TR[=O]'PIST, one who uses tropes or who explains Scripture by
them.--_adjs._ TR[=O]POLOG'IC, -AL, expressed or varied by tropes or
figures.--_adv._ TR[=O]POLOG'ICALLY.--_v.t._ TROPOL'OGISE, to use as a
trope.--_n._ TR[=O]POL'OGY, a tropical or figurative mode of speech: a
treatise on tropes: that interpretation of Scripture which reads moral
meanings into any and every passage. [Fr.,--L. _tropus_--Gr.
_tropos_--_trepein_, to turn.]
TROPHIC, -AL, trof'ik, -al, _adj._ pertaining to nutrition and its
processes.--_adj._ TROPH[=E]'SIAL.--_n._ TROPH'ESY, deranged nutrition
owing to disorder of the motor nerve force pertaining to the nutritive
function.--_n.pl._ TR[=O]'PHI, the mouth-parts of an insect--labium,
labrum, maxillæ, mandibles, lingua: the teeth of the pharynx of a rotifer.
[Gr. _troph[=e]_, food.]
TROPHONIAN, tr[=o]-f[=o]'ni-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Trophonius_, the
mythical builder of the temple of Apollo at Delphi and the treasury of King
Hyrieus in Boeotia.
TROPHOTROPISM, trof'[=o]-tr[=o]-pizm, _n._ the movements of the organs in a
growing plant, as towards nutrient substances, induced by the chemical
nature of its surroundings.--_adj._ TROPHOTROP'IC. [Gr. _troph[=e]_, food,
_trepein_, to turn.]
TROPHY, tr[=o]'fi, _n._ a memorial of a victory, consisting of a pile of
arms erected on the field of battle: anything taken from an enemy and
preserved as a memorial of victory: something that is evidence of victory:
an ornamental group of weapons, flags, memorials of the chase, &c.--_v.t._
to adorn with trophies.--_adj._ TR[=O]'PHIED, adorned with trophies. [Fr.
_trophée_--L. _tropæum_--Gr. _tropaion_--_trop[=e]_, a turning--_trepein_,
to turn.]
TROPIC, trop'ik, _n._ one of the two circles on the celestial sphere, 23°
28' on each side of the equator, where the sun turns, as it were, after
reaching its greatest declination north or south: one of two circles on the
terrestrial globe corresponding to these: (_pl._) the regions lying between
the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn.--_adjs._ TROP'IC, -AL, pertaining to
the tropics: being within or near the tropics.--_adv._ TROP'ICALLY.--_n._
TROP'IC-BIRD, a genus of bird the family _Phaëthontidæ_, usually seen in
tropical regions. [Through L. _tropicus_, from Gr. _tropikos_, relating to
a turning--_tropos_, a turning.]
TROPPO, trop'p[=o], _adj._ (_mus._) too much: excessively. [It.; cf. Fr.
_trop_, too much.]
TROSSERS, tros'[.e]rz, _n._ (_Shak._) a form of _trousers_.
TROT, trot, _v.i._ to go, lifting the feet quicker and higher than in
walking: to walk or move fast: to run.--_v.t._ to ride at a trot:--_pr.p._
trot'ting; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ trot'ted.--_n._ the pace of a horse or other
quadruped when trotting: a toddling child: (_slang_) a crib,
translation.--_ns._ TROT'TER, one that trots: a trotting-horse: the foot of
an animal, as a sheep: (_slang_) the human foot; TROTTOIR (trot-wor'), a
footway at the side of a street.--TROT OUT, to exhibit the paces of: to
show. [O. Fr. _trotter_, _troter_--Low L. _trot[=a]re_, to go; prob. from
Old High Ger. _trott[=o]n_, freq. of _tretan_, to tread.]
TROT, trot, _n._ (_Shak._) an old woman.
TROT-COSY, trot'-k[=o]'zi, _n._ (_Scot._) a covering to keep the neck and
head warm in travelling, drawn over the head and hat, and buttoned beneath
the chin.
TROTH, troth, or tr[=o]th, _n._ truth, confidence: faith: fidelity.--_v.t._
to plight.--_adj._ TROTH'-PLIGHT (_Shak._), betrothed, affianced.--_n._
betrothal.--_n._ TROTH'-RING, a betrothal ring. [A.S. _treówth_.]
TROUBADOUR, tr[=oo]'ba-d[=oo]r, _n._ one of a class of poets of chivalric
love, who first appeared in Provence, and flourished from the 11th to the
13th century (see LANGUE D'OC). [Fr., from Prov. _trobador_--_trobar_ (Fr.
_trouver_), to find--L. _turb[=a]re_, to move.]
TROUBLE, trub'l, _v.t._ to put into a confused state: to agitate: to
disturb: to annoy: to busy or engage overmuch: to put to
inconvenience.--_v.i._ to take pains.--_n._ disturbance: affliction:
disease: uneasiness: that which disturbs or afflicts.--_ns._
TROUB'LE-MIRTH, a kill-joy; TROUB'LER.--_adj._ TROUB'LESOME, causing or
giving trouble or inconvenience: vexatious: importunate: troublous.--_adv._
TROUB'LESOMELY.--_n._ TROUB'LESOMENESS.--_adj._ TROUB'LOUS, full of trouble
or disorder: agitated: tumultuous: disturbing.--CAST OIL ON TROUBLED WATERS
(_fig._), to appease, calm, quieten. [O. Fr. _tourbler_--Low L.
_turbul[=a]re_--L. _turb[=a]re_, to disturb--_turba_, a crowd.]
TROUGH, trof, _n._ a long, hollow vessel for water or other liquid: a long
tray: a long narrow channel: a concavity or hollow. [A.S. _trog_; Ger.
_trog_.]
TROUNCE, trowns, _v.t._ to punish or beat severely. [O. Fr. _troncer_, to
cut--L. _truncus_, a trunk.]
TROUPE, tr[=oo]p, _n._ a company, esp. of actors, dancers, or acrobats.
[Fr. See TROOP.]
TROUPIAL, TROOPIAL, tr[=oo]'pi-al, _n._ a bird of the family _Icteridæ_,
the Hang-nests, famed for its exquisite song. [From their going in flocks,
Fr. _troupe_, a troop.]
TROUS-DE-LOUP, tr[=oo]-de-l[=oo], _n.pl._ conical pits dug in the ground,
each with a vertical stake in the middle--a defence against cavalry. [Fr.]
TROUSERS, trow'z[.e]rz, _n.pl._ long breeches: a garment worn by males on
the lower limbs and trussed or fastened up at the waist by braces or
belt.--_adj._ TROU'SERED, wearing trousers.--_n._ TROU'SERING, material for
making trousers. [O. Fr. _trousses_, breeches worn by pages.]
TROUSSE, tr[=oo]s, _n._ a collection of small implements in a case, esp. of
surgical instruments. [Fr.]
TROUSSEAU, tr[=oo]-s[=o]', _n._ the lighter articles of a bride's outfit:
(_rare_) a bundle:--_pl._ TROUSSEAUX (-s[=o]z'). [Fr., a dim. of _trousse_,
a bundle.]
TROUT, trowt, _n._ a common name for fresh-water fish of the genus _Salmo_:
the _Salmo Fario_, _Trutta_, or Common Trout, much sought after by
anglers.--_n._ TROUT'-BAS'KET, an osier or willow creel for carrying
trout.--_adj._ TROUT'-COL'OURED, speckled like a trout: white, with spots
of black, bay, or sorrel.--_ns._ TROUT'-FARM, a place where trout are
reared artificially; TROUT'LET, TROUT'LING, a little trout; TROUT'-ROD, a
fishing-rod for trout; TROUT'-SPOON, a small revolving spoon used as a lure
for trout; TROUT'-STREAM, a stream in which trout are caught. [A.S.
_truht_--L. _tructa_, _tructus_--Gr. _tr[=o]kt[=e]s_, a sea-fish with sharp
teeth--_tr[=o]gein_, to gnaw.]
TROUVÈRE, tr[=oo]-v[=a]r', _n._ one of the medieval narrative or epic poets
of northern France. For their language, the _langue d'oui_, see under
LANGUE D'OC.
TROVER, tr[=o]'v[.e]r, _n._ the gaining possession of goods: an action
brought to recover goods from a person to whom they do not belong, but who
has in some way obtained possession of them. [O. Fr. _trover_, to find (Fr.
_trouver_)--Low L. _trop[=a]re_, to compose.]
TROW, tr[=o], _v.i._ to hold as true: (_B._) to trust: to believe: to
think. [A.S. _treów-ian_, to trust; cf. Ice. _trúa_, Ger. _trauen_.]
TROWEL, trow'el, _n._ a tool used in spreading mortar, paint, &c., and in
gardening.--_v.t._ to dress with a trowel.-LAY ON WITH A TROWEL, to spread
thickly: to flatter grossly. [O. Fr. _truelle_--L. _trulla_, dim. of
_trua_, a ladle.]
TROWSERS. Same as TROUSERS.
TROY-WEIGHT, troi'-w[=a]t, _n._ the system of weights used in England for
gold, silver, and precious stones. The troy pound contains 5760 grains, and
is to the avoirdupois pound as 144 to 175, while the troy ounce is to the
avoirdupois ounce as 192 to 175. [From _Troyes_, in France, the pound
weight of which was adopted in England in the 14th century.]
TRUANT, tr[=oo]'ant, _n._ an idler: a boy who, idly or without excuse,
absents himself from school.--_adj._ wandering from duty: loitering:
idle.--_v.i._ to play truant.--_ns._ TRU'ANCY, TRU'ANTSHIP.--PLAY TRUANT,
to stay from school without leave. [O. Fr. _truand_--Celt.; W. _truan_,
wretched, Bret. _truek_, a beggar.]
TRUCE, tr[=oo]s, _n._ a suspension of hostilities between two armies or
states for a period specially agreed upon: cessation.--_n._
TRUCE'-BREAK'ER, one who violates a truce or engagement.--_adj._
TRUCE'LESS, without truce: relentless.--TRUCE OF GOD, in the 11th and 12th
centuries, a cessation of private feuds observed in France, Italy, England,
&c. from Wednesday evening to Monday morning in each week during Advent and
Lent, and on certain of the principal saints' days and holy days of the
Church.--FLAG OF TRUCE (see FLAG). [M. E. _trewes_, _treowes_, pl. of
_trewe_, a truce; cf. _True_.]
TRUCK, truk, _v.t._ to exchange or barter.--_v.i._ to traffic by
exchange.--_n._ exchange of goods: barter: (_coll._) small goods:
rubbish.--_ns._ TRUCK'AGE, the practice of exchanging or bartering goods;
TRUCK'ER; TRUCK'-FARMER (_U.S._), a market-gardener; TRUCK'-HOUSE,
TRUCK'ING-HOUSE, a house for storing goods.--_v.i._ TRUCK'LE, to yield
meanly to the demands of another.--_ns._ TRUCK'LER; TRUCK'LING.--_adj._
fawning, slavish.--_n._ TRUCK'-SYS'TEM, the practice of paying workmen in
goods instead of money.--TRUCK ACT, a statute of 1831, extended in 1887,
requiring workmen's wages to be paid in money instead of goods. [O. Fr.
_troquer_, to truck; Sp. _trocar_, to barter, It. _truccare_, to truck.]
TRUCK, truk, _n._ a wheel: a railway-wagon for heavy articles: a platform
running on wheels: a small wooden cap at the top of a mast or flag-staff: a
circular piece of wood or metal for moving ordnance.--_v.t._ to convey by
truck.--_ns._ TRUCK'AGE, conveyance by trucks: charge for carrying articles
on a truck; TRUCK'-BOL'STER, a beam in the middle of a railway-truck
supporting the body of the car; TRUCK'LE, a small wheel or castor: a
truckle-bed.--_v.t._ to move on rollers.--_v.i._ to sleep in a
truckle-bed.--_n._ TRUCK'LE-BED, a low bed on wheels that may be pushed
under another. [L. _trochus_, a wheel--Gr. _trochos_--_trechein_, to run.]
TRUCULENT, truk'[=u]-lent (tr[=oo]'k[=u]-lent, according to some), _adj._
very fierce: barbarous: cruel: inspiring terror.--_ns._ TRUC'ULENCE,
TRUC'ULENCY.--_adv._ TRUC'ULENTLY. [L. _truculentus_--_trux_, wild,
fierce.]
TRUDGE, truj, _v.i._ to travel on foot: to travel with labour or effort: to
march heavily on.--_n._ a weary walk. [Skeat suggests that the word is
orig. to walk in heavy shoes, from Sw. dial. _truga_, _trudja_, a
snow-shoe, Norw. _truga_, Ice. _thrúga_, a snow-shoe.]
TRUE, tr[=oo], _adj._ agreeing with fact: worthy of belief or confidence:
certain: trusty: genuine: normal: (_anat._) complete: exact: straight:
right: rightful: honest.--_v.t._ to make straight in position, &c.--_n._
(_obs._) truth, a pledge: a truce.--_n._ TRUE'-BLUE, a faithful
partisan.--_adjs._ TRUE'-BORN, of true or genuine birth: having a right by
birth; TRUE'-BRED, of a true or genuine birth: of good breeding or manners;
TRUE'-DERIVED' (_Shak._), legitimate; TRUE'-DEVOT'ED (_Shak._), full of
honest zeal; TRUE'-DISPOS'ING (_Shak._), just; TRUE'-HEART'ED,
sincere.--_ns._ TRUE'-HEART'EDNESS; TRUE'-LOVE, one truly or really
beloved: a sweetheart: the herb-Paris (see HERB).--_adj._
affectionate.--_ns._ TRUE'-LOVE'-KNOT, TRUE'-LOV'ER'S-KNOT, lines
interwoven with many involutions, fancifully held as an emblem of
interwoven affection; TRUE'NESS; TRUE'-PENN'Y (_Shak._), an honest
fellow.--_adv._ TRU'LY.--TRUE BILL, a bill of indictment endorsed, after
investigation, by a grand jury, as containing a well-founded charge; TRUE
RIB, a rib attached to spine and sternum--opp. to _Floating rib_. [A.S.
_treówe_; Ice. _tryggr_, Ger. _treu_.]
TRUFFLE, truf'l, _n._ a globose underground edible fungus, used for its
agreeable flavour in the preparation of many dishes.--_adj._ TRUFF'LED,
cooked with truffles. [O. Fr. _truffle_ (Fr. _truffe_), prob. from L.
_tuber_.]
TRUG, trug, _n._ (_prov._) a gardener's wooden basket.
TRUISM, tr[=oo]'izm, _n._ a plain or self-evident truth.--_adj._
TRUISMAT'IC.
TRUITE, trw[=e]-t[=a]', _adj._ having a delicately crackled surface, of
porcelain, &c. [Fr.]
TRULL, trul, _n._ a drab: a vagrant woman of loose habits. [Allied to Ger.
_trolle_.]
TRULLAN, trul'an, _adj._ pertaining to the _trullus_ or dome-roofed hall in
the imperial palace at Constantinople, and esp. to the Quinisext Council
held therein in 691. [Low L. _trullus_, a dome--L. _trulla_, a ladle.]
TRUMEAU, tr[=oo]-m[=o]', _n._ any piece of wall between two
openings:--_pl._ TRUMEAUX' (-m[=o]z'). [Fr.]
TRUMP, trump, _v.t._ to deceive; to introduce unfairly.--_adj._
TRUMPED'-UP, forged, worthless.--_n._ TRUM'PERY, something showy but
worthless: rubbish: nonsense, idle talk.--_adj._ showy and
worthless.--TRUMP UP, to forge: collect from any quarter. [Fr. _tromper_,
to deceive, orig. to play on the trump.]
TRUMP, trump, _n._ a trumpet: a Jew's-harp. [O. Fr. _trompe_ (It.
_tromba_); cf. Old High Ger. _trumba_, Ger. _tromme_, Eng. _drum_, which is
thus a doublet of _trump_.]
TRUMP, trump, _n._ a card of the leading suit that triumphs or wins: one of
the suit of cards which takes any other: an old game of cards: (_coll._) a
good, trusty fellow.--_v.i._ to play a trump card.--_v.t._ to play a trump
card upon.--CALL, SIGNAL, FOR TRUMPS, in whist, a conventional signal
indicating that the player wishes his partner to lead trumps. [From
_triumph_, confused with _trump_, to deceive.]
TRUMPET, trum'pet, _n._ the most ancient of wind instruments, formed of a
long, narrow, straight tube, bent twice on itself, the last fifteen inches
tapering into a bell, and sounded by means of a cupped mouthpiece--much
used in military signalling: in organs, a powerful reed-stop having a
trumpet-like sound: a cry resembling a trumpet-sound: (_fig._) one who
praises.--_v.t._ to publish by trumpet: to proclaim: to sound the praises
of.--_v.i._ to sound a trumpet.--_ns._ TRUM'PET-CALL, a call or summons on
the trumpet, any call to action; TRUM'PETER, one who sounds on the trumpet
the regimental calls and signals: one who proclaims, praises, or denounces:
a genus of crane-like birds of British Guiana, &c.: one of the whistling
swans: a kind of domestic pigeon: a large New Zealand food-fish;
TRUM'PET-FISH, also _Snipe-fish_, a sea-fish so named from its trumpet-like
or tubular muzzle; TRUM'PET-FLOW'ER, the popular name of various plants
which produce large trumpet-shaped flowers--as the genera Bignonia and
Tecoma (_Bignoniaceæ_), and Solandra (_Solonaceæ_); TRUM'PET-M[=A]'JOR, a
head-trumpeter in a band or regiment.--_adj._ TRUM'PET-SHAPED, formed like
a trumpet.--_ns._ TRUM'PET-SHELL, a shell of the genus _Triton_;
TRUM'PET-TONE, the sound of a trumpet: a loud voice.--_adj._
TRUM'PET-TONGUED, having a voice or tongue loud as a trumpet.--_n._
SPEAK'ING-TRUM'PET (see SPEAK).--BLOW ONE'S OWN TRUMPET, to sound one's own
praises; FEAST OF TRUMPETS, a Jewish feast in which trumpets played an
important part; FLOURISH OF TRUMPETS (see FLOURISH). [O. Fr. _trompette_,
dim. of _trompe_.]
TRUNCAL. See TRUNK.
TRUNCATE, trung'k[=a]t, _v.t._ to cut off: to lop: to maim.--_adjs._
TRUNC'ATE, -D, appearing as if cut off at the tip: ending in a transverse
line.--_adv._ TRUN'CATELY.--_n._ TRUNC[=A]'TION.--TRUNCATED CONE, PYRAMID,
a cone, pyramid, having the vertex cut off by a line parallel to the base.
[L. _trunc[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_truncus_.]
TRUNCHEON, trun'shun, _n._ a short staff: a cudgel: a baton or staff of
authority.--_v.t._ to beat with a truncheon: to cudgel.--_adj._
TRUN'CHEONED, furnished with a truncheon: armed with a lance.--_ns._
TRUN'CHEONEER, TRUN'CHEONER, one armed with a truncheon. [O. Fr.
_tronçon_--_tronc_.]
TRUNDLE, trun'dl, _n._ anything round: a wheel: a truck: a trundle-bed:
(_her._) a. spool of golden thread.--v.t to roll, as on wheels.--_v.i._ to
roll: twirl: bowl along.--_ns._ TRUN'DLE-BED, a bed moving on trundles or
low wheels: a truckle-bed; TRUN'DLE-TAIL (_Shak._), a round tail, a dog
with a tail curled up. [A.S. _trendel_, a circle, wheel.]
TRUNK, trungk, _n._ the stem of a tree: the body of an animal apart from
the limbs: the main body of anything: anything long and hollow: the
proboscis of an elephant: the shaft of a column, the dado or body of a
pedestal: a water-course of planks leading from the race to the
water-wheel: a large hollow piston in which a connecting-rod plays: a
portable box or chest for clothes, &c., esp. on a journey: a flume,
penstock.--_adjs._ TRUNC'AL, pertaining to the trunk, principal; TRUNKED,
having a trunk: (_Spens._) beheaded.--_ns._ TRUNK'-FISH, the coffer-fish;
TRUNK'FUL, as much as will fill a trunk; TRUNK'-HOSE, -BREECH'ES, large
hose or breeches formerly worn over the lower part of the body and the
upper part of the legs; TRUNK'-LINE, the main-line of a railway, canal,
&c.; TRUNK'-ROAD, a main-road; TRUNK'-SLEEVE (_Shak._), a sleeve with the
upper part puffed; TRUNK'-WORK, work involving secrecy as by means of a
trunk. [O. Fr. _tronc_--L. _truncus_, a stock--_truncus_, maimed.]
TRUNNION, trun'yun, _n._ one of the knobs on each side of a gun, on which
it rests on the carriage: in steam-engines, a hollow gudgeon on each side
of an oscillating cylinder, serving as a support to it.--_adj._
TRUNN'IONED, provided with trunnions.--_n._ TRUNN'ION-PLATE, a raised rim
forming a shoulder around the trunnion of a gun. [Fr. _trognon_, a
stalk--_tronc_, a stump--L. _truncus_.]
TRUSS, trus, _n._ a bundle: timbers fastened together for binding a beam or
supporting a roof: in ships, the rope or iron for keeping the lower yard to
the mast: a tuft of flowers at the top of the main stalk or stem: a bandage
or apparatus used in hernia to retain reduced parts, or to hinder
protusion.--_v.t._ to bind up: to pack close: to furnish with a truss: to
draw tight and tie: to skewer in cooking.--_n._ TRUSS'-BEAM, a wooden beam
strengthened by a tie-rod.--_adj._ TRUSSED.--_n._ TRUSS'ING, in
ship-building, diagonal timbers or iron plates crossing the ribs
internally, and consolidating the whole together. [O. Fr. _trosser_, orig.
_torser_, to bind together--L. _tortus_, pa.p. of _torqu[=e]re_, to twist.]
TRUST, trust, _n._ trustworthiness: confidence in the truth of anything:
confident expectation: a resting on the integrity, friendship, &c. of
another: faith: hope: credit (esp. sale on credit or on promise to pay): he
who, or that which, is the ground of confidence: that which is given or
received in confidence: charge: an arrangement by which property is handed
to or vested in a person, in the trust or confidence that he will use and
dispose of it for the benefit of another, also the estate so managed for
another: in modern commerce, an arrangement for the control of several
companies under one direction, to cheapen expenses, regulate production,
beat down competition, and so obtain a maximum return.--_adj._ held in
trust.--_v.t._ to place trust in: to believe: to give credit to: to sell
upon credit: to commit to the care of: to expect confidently.--_v.i._ to be
confident or confiding.--_ns._ TRUST'-DEED, a deed conveying property to a
trustee; TRUSTEE', one to whom anything is entrusted: one to whom the
management of a property is committed in trust for the benefit of others;
TRUSTEE'SHIP; TRUST'ER; TRUST-ESTATE', an estate held by trustees.--_adj._
TRUST'FUL, trusting: worthy of trust.--_adv._ TRUST'FULLY.--_n._
TRUST'FULNESS.--_adv._ TRUST'ILY.--_n._ TRUST'INESS.--_adj._ TRUST'ING,
confiding.--_adv._ TRUST'INGLY.--_adj._ TRUST'LESS, treacherous,
unfaithful.--_ns._ TRUST'LESSNESS; TRUST'WORTHINESS.--_adjs._ TRUST'WORTHY,
worthy of trust or confidence: trusty; TRUST'Y (_comp._ TRUST'IER,
_superl._ TRUST'IEST), that may be trusted: deserving confidence: honest:
strong: firm: (_Shak._) involving trust.--ACTIVE, or SPECIAL, TRUST, a
trust in which the trustee's power of management depends upon his having
the right of actual possession; BREACH OF TRUST, a violation of duty by a
trustee, executor, &c.; IN TRUST, as a charge, for safe-keeping; ON TRUST,
on credit. [Scand., Ice. _traust_, trust; Ger. _trost_, consolation.]
TRUTH, tr[=oo]th, _n._ that which is true or according to the facts of the
case: agreement with reality: true state of things, or facts: practice of
speaking or disposition to speak the truth: fidelity: genuineness:
righteous conduct: a true statement: an established principle: in the fine
arts, a faithful adherence to nature.--_adj._ TRUTH'FUL, full of truth:
according to, or adhering to, truth: reliable.--_adv._ TRUTH'FULLY.--_ns._
TRUTH'FULNESS; TRUTH'INESS.--_adj._ TRUTH'LESS.--_ns._ TRUTH'LESSNESS;
TRUTH'-LOV'ER; TRUTH'-TELL'ER, one who speaks the truth.--_adjs._
TRUTH'-WRIT, truthfully written; TRUTH'Y, truthful.--GOD'S TRUTH, a thing
or statement absolutely true; IN TRUTH, truly, in fact; OF A TRUTH (_B._),
truly. [A.S. _treówthu_--_treówe_, true.]
TRUTINATE, tr[=oo]'ti-n[=a]t, _v.t._ (_obs._) to weigh.--_n._
TRUTIN[=A]'TION. [L. _trutin[=a]ri_--Gr. _trytan[=e]_, a balance.]
TRUTTACEOUS, tru-t[=a]'shi-us, _adj._ pertaining to, or like, a trout.
[_Trout_.]
TRY, tr[=i], _v.t._ to put to the test or proof: to sift: to prove by
experiment: to purify: to examine judiciously: to determine, settle: to
examine carefully or experimentally: to experience: to attempt: to use as
means: to put to severe trial, cause suffering to: to bring to a decision,
to settle.--_v.i._ to endeavour: to make an effort: (_Shak._) to prove by
experience: (_obs._) to keep a ship's bows to the sea during a
gale:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ tried (tr[=i]d).--_n._ a trial: effort: in Rugby
football, the score of three points gained by a player who succeeds in
placing the ball with his hand over the enemy's line.--_adj._ TRIED,
proved, experienced.--_n._ TR[=I]'ER.--_adjs._ TRY'ABLE, TR[=I]'ABLE,
capable of being tried; TRYE (_Spens._), proved excellent.--_n._
TRY'-HOUSE, a place in which oil is extracted from blubber, &c.--_adj._
TRY'ING, making trial or proof of: adapted to try: searching: severe.--TRY
ON, to put on for trial, as a garment: to attempt; TRY BACK, to revert,
hark back. [O. Fr. _trier_, to pick out, to cull (the grain from the
straw), from an assumed L. _tritare_--_ter[)e]re_, _tritum_, to rub.]
TRYGON, tr[=i]'gon, _n._ a genus of cartilaginous fishes, of the order of
Rays and family _Trygonidæ_--the sting-ray. [Gr. _tryg[=o]n_, a sting-ray.]
TRYMA, tr[=i]'ma, _n._ a drupe with fleshy exocarp, dehiscent. [Gr.
_tryma_, a hole.]
TRYPETA, tr[=i]-p[=e]'ta, _n._ a genus of flies, family _Trypetidæ_, of
greenish-yellow colour, forming gall-like deformations in the flower-heads
of composite plants. [Gr. _tryp[=e]t[=e]s_, a borer--_trypan_, to bore.]
TRYPOGRAPHIC, trip-[=o]-graf'ik, _adj._ pertaining to a method of printing
by the use of paper stencils. [Gr. _trypan_, to bore, _graphein_, to
write.]
TRYPSIN, trip'sin, _n._ a ferment which occurs in the secretion of the
pancreas, and may be isolated from the pancreatic juice, as pepsin from the
gastric.--_adj._ TRYP'TIC.--_n._ TRYP'T[=O]NE, a substance formed from
proteids by pancreatic juice. [Gr., from _tribein_, to rub, the substance
having been first found on rubbing down the pancreas with glycerine.]
TRYSAIL, tr[=i]'s[=a]l, or tr[=i]'sl, _n._ a reduced sail used by small
craft, instead of their mainsail, in a storm: a small fore-and-aft sail set
with a boom and gaff.
TRYST, tr[=i]st, _n._ an appointment to meet: appointed place of meeting: a
market.--_v.t._ to make an appointment with.--_v.i._ to agree to
meet.--_ns._ TRYS'TER; TRYS'TING-DAY, a fixed day of meeting;
TRYS'TING-PLACE, an arranged meeting-place.--BIDE TRYST, to wait for a
person at the appointed place and time. [A variant of _trust_.]
TSABIAN. See SABIAN.
TSAMBA, tsam'ba, _n._ ground black barley, the chief food of Tibet.
TSAR, tsär, _n._ better form of _Czar_.
TSETSE, tset's[=e], _n._ a dipterous insect of South Africa (_Glossina
morsitans_), not much larger than the common house-fly, brownish, with four
yellow bars across the abdomen, strangely limited within sharply defined
areas or 'fly-belts.' Its bite is fatal to the ox, horse, and dog.
TSUBA, ts[=oo]'ba, _n._ the guard of a Japanese sword.
TSUN, tsun, _n._ a Chinese inch, 1/10th of the _chih_.
TSUNG-TUH, tsung'-tu', _n._ a Chinese viceroy, the highest provincial
governor.
TUATH, t[=u]'ath, _n._ an ancient Irish territorial division.
TUB, tub, _n._ a two-handed open wooden vessel: a vessel made of staves and
hoops: a small cask: anything like a tub: the quantity a tub holds:
(_slang_) a pulpit: a clumsy boat: a receptacle for bathing water: the act
of bathing in a tub.--_v.t._ to set, to bathe, in a tub.--_v.i._ to take a
bath in a tub.--_n._ TUB'BING, the art of, or the material for, making
tubs: in mining, a method of keeping out the water in sinking a shaft in
watery ground: a tub-bath: rowing in clumsy boats.--_adjs._ TUB'BISH, round
and fat; TUB'BY, sounding like an empty tub: dull: wanting elasticity of
sound: round like a tub.--_ns._ TUB'-FAST (_Shak._) a process of treating
venereal disease by sweating in a hot tub; TUB'FUL, as much as a tub will
hold; TUB'-GIG, a Welsh car; TUB'-THUMP'ER (_slang_), a ranting preacher;
TUB'-WHEEL, a kind of bowl-shaped water-wheel like the turbine, with spiral
flanges at the exterior. [Low Ger. _tubbe_; Dut. _tobbe_.]
TUBA, t[=u]'ba, _n._ a large, low-pitched trumpet-shaped instrument: in
organs, a reed-stop of large scale: (_anat._) a tube, or tubular
organ:--_pl._ T[=U]'BÆ, T[=U]'BAS (-b[=e], -bas). [L.]
TUBE, t[=u]b, _n._ a pipe: a long hollow cylinder for the conveyance of
fluids, &c.: a canal: the body of a musical instrument: a telescope: a
cylindrical receptacle for holding semi-fluid substances, as
pigments.--_v.t._ to furnish with, enclose in, a tube.--_n._ T[=U]'BAGE,
the act or process of lining a heavy gun by insertion of a tube of
wrought-iron, &c.: (_med._) the insertion of a tube into the larynx,
&c.--_adjs._ T[=U]'BAL, T[=U]'BAR.--_n._ TUBE'-WELL, a pipe used to obtain
water from beneath the ground, having a sharp point and a number of
perforations just above the point.--_adjs._ TUBIC'OLAR, T[=U]'BICOLE,
TUBIC'OLOUS, inhabiting a tube: spinning a tubular web; T[=U]'BIFLOROUS,
having tubular flowers; T[=U]'BIFORM, shaped like a tube.--_n._ T[=U]'BING,
the act of making tubes: tubes collectively: material for tubes.--_adjs._
T[=U]'B[=U]LAR, having the form of a tube: having a sound like that made by
the passage of air through a tube; T[=U]B[=U]L[=A]'RIAN, hydriform in
tubular shape with wide disc; T[=U]'B[=U]LATE, -D, T[=U]'B[=U]LOUS,
T[=U]'B[=U]LOSE, formed like a tube: formed of tubes.--_n._ T[=U]'B[=U]LE,
a small tube.--_adj._ T[=U]'B[=U]LIFORM, having the form of a small tube.
[Fr.,--L. _tubus_, a pipe.]
TUBER, t[=u]'b[.e]r, _n._ a knob in roots: a rounded, fleshy underground
stem, as in the potato, formed by a part of the stem becoming thick and
fleshy: a swelling.--_ns._ TUBER'CULUM, T[=U]'BERCULE, a little tuber: a
small rounded elevation on a bodily organ.--_adjs._ TUBERIF'EROUS, bearing
tubers; T[=U]'BERIFORM.--_ns._ TUBEROS'ITY, T[=U]'BEROUSNESS.--_adjs._
T[=U]'BEROUS, T[=U]'BER[=O]SE, having, or consisting of, tubers: knobbed.
[L. _tuber_, a swelling, from root of L. _tum[=e]re_, to swell.]
TUBERCLE, t[=u]'b[.e]r-kl, _n._ a small tuber or swelling: a pimple: a
small knob on leaves: the characteristic product of a specific
micro-organism, the _Bacillus tuberculosis_--a new formation belonging to
the group of Granulomata or granulative growths, which, in virtue of their
recognised infectiveness, have been classed as Infective
Granulomata.--_adjs._ T[=U]'BERCLED, having tubercles; TUBER'CULAR;
TUBER'CULATE, -D, TUBER'CULOSE, TUBER'CULOUS, pertaining to tubercles:
pimpled: affected with, or caused by, tubercles.--_ns._ TUBER'CULIN, -E, a
liquid prepared by Koch in 1890, a forty to fifty per cent. glycerine
solution of a pure cultivation of the tubercle bacillus, injected into the
subcutaneous tissues of persons affected with tuberculosis;
TUBERCULIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ TUBER'CULISE.--_adjs._ TUBER'CULOID;
TUBER'CUL[=O]SED.--_ns._ TUBERCUL[=O]'SIS, a specific infective disease
induced by the invasion of the _Bacillus tuberculosis_, and characterised
by the presence of tubercle or other tubercular formations--consumption or
phthisis; TUBER'CULUM, a tubercle. [L. _tuberculum_, dim. of _tuber_.]
TUBEROSE, t[=u]'be-r[=o]s, or t[=u]b'r[=o]z, _n._ a genus of
_Liliaceæ_--the Common Tuberose, a garden and greenhouse bulb, having
creamy-white, fragrant flowers. [From L. _tuberosa_, tuberous, used in the
botanical name _Polianthes tuberosa_; the second pronunciation shows
popular confusion with rose.]
TUBISEN, t[=u]'bi-sen, _n._ a trumpeter.--_v.i._ TUBIC'INATE, to blow a
trumpet. [L.]
TUCAN, t[=oo]'kan, _n._ the Mexican pocket-gopher.
TUCK, tuk, n, a rapier: a blow, tap: a blast, flourish. [O. Fr. _estoc_;
perh. cog. with Ger. _stock_, a stock.]
TUCK, tuk, _v.t._ to draw or press in or together: to stuff, cram: to fold
under: to gather up: to enclose by pressing clothes closely around:
(_slang_) to eat (with _in_).--_n._ a horizontal fold in a garment:
(_naut._) the afterpart of a ship, immediately under the stern or counter,
where the ends of the bottom planks are collected and terminate by the
_tuck-rail_: (_slang_) eatables, pastry.--_n._ TUCK'ER, a piece of cloth
tucked or drawn over the bosom, worn by women and children: (_slang_) food,
also work that scarcely yields a living wage.--_v.t._ (_Amer. slang_) to
tire exceedingly.--_ns._ TUCK'-IN (_slang_), a hearty meal--also TUCK'-OUT;
TUCK'-SHOP (_slang_), a confectioner's or a pastry-cook's shop.--TUCK UP,
to gather up: to contract: to make tucks: (_slang_) to hang. [A.S.
_tucian_, to pull; cog. with Low Ger. _tukken_, Ger. _zucken_; also with
A.S. _teón_, Ger. _ziehen_, to draw.]
TUCKAHOE, tuk'a-h[=o], _n._ an edible but tasteless underground fungus
growing as a saprophyte on the roots of the trees in the southern United
States--also called _Indian bread_.
TUCKET, tuk'et, _n._ (_Shak._) a flourish on a trumpet.--_n._
TUCK'ET-S[=O]'NANCE (_Shak._), the sound or signal of the tucket. [It.
_toccata_, a touch--_toccare_, to touch.]
TUDOR, t[=u]'dor, _adj._ pertaining to the royal line of the _Tudors_
(1485-1603): pertaining to the Tudor style of architecture.--TUDOR FLOWER,
a trefoil ornament frequent in Tudor architecture; TUDOR ROSE, the
conventional five-lobed flower adopted as a badge by Henry VII.; TUDOR
STYLE (_archit._), a rather indefinite term applied to the Late
Perpendicular, and the transition from that to Elizabethan--it is
characterised by a flat arch, shallow mouldings, and a profusion of
panelling on the walls.
TUESDAY, t[=u]z'd[=a], _n._ the third day of the week. [A.S. _Tíwes dæg_,
the day of Tíw (the god of war)=Ger. _die(n)s-tag_; cf. L. _dies Martis_.
_Tíw_ (Ice. _Týr_, Old High Ger. _Zío_) is cog. with Gr. _Zeus_, _Dios_,
and L. _Ju-piter_, _Jovis_.]
TUFA, t[=u]'fa, _n._ a variety of calcium carbonate usually deposited from
springs--calcareous tufa; the word was formerly used as synonymous with
_tuff_.--_adj._ TUF[=A]'CEOUS. [It. _tufa_--L. _tofus_, a soft stone.]
TUFF, tuf, _n._ generally _volcanic tuff_, the name given to the comminuted
rock-débris ejected from a volcanic orifice. [Fr. _tuf_, _tuffe_--It.
_tufo_, _tufa_--L. _tofus_.]
TUFT, tuft, _n._ a green knoll: a grove, clump. [A.S _toft_--Ice. _topt_,
_tupt_, a piece of ground.]
TUFT, tuft, _n._ a number of small things in a knot: a cluster: a dense
head of flowers: (_university slang_) a titled undergraduate, from the tuft
or tassel in the cap: an imperial.--_v.t._ to separate into tufts: to adorn
with tufts.--_adjs._ TUFT'ED, TUFT'Y.--_ns._ TUFT'-HUNT'ER, one over-eager
to form acquaintance with persons of rank or consequence: a mean hanger-on
of the great; TUFT'-HUNT'ING, the practice of a tuft-hunter. [O. Fr.
_tuffe_ (Fr. _touffe_), from the Teut., as Low Ger. _topp_, Ger. _zopf_.]
TUG, tug, _v.t._ to pull with effort: to drag along.--_v.i._ to pull with
great effort: to struggle:--_pr.p._ tug'ging; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._
tugged.--_n._ a strong pull: a steam-vessel for towing ships: a strong
rope.--_ns._ TUG'-BOAT, a strongly-built steamship for towing vessels;
TUG'GER, one who tugs.--_adv._ TUG'GINGLY.--_n._ TUG'-OF-WAR, a laborious
contest: a contest in which opposing teams tug at the end of a rope, in
their efforts to pull one another over a line marked on the ground between
them. [Closely conn. with _tuck_ and _tow_ (v.).]
TUILLE, tw[=e]l, _n._ in armour, a steel plate hanging below the
tassets.--_n._ TUILLETTE' (_dim._). [Fr.,--L. _tegula_, a tile.]
TUILYIE, TUILZIE, t[=oo]l'yi, _n._ (_Scot._) a struggle.
TUISM, t[=u]'izm, _n._ the theory that all thought is directed to a second
person or to one's future self as such.
TUITION, t[=u]-ish'un, _n._ care over a young person: teaching, the fee
paid for such.--_adj._ TUI'TIONARY. [L. _tuitio_--_tu[=e]ri_, _tuitus_, to
see.]
TULA-WORK, t[=oo]'la-wurk, _n._ niello-work, a kind of decorative work,
done chiefly on silver, executed largely at _Tula_ in Russia.
TULCHAN, tul'kan, _n._ a calf's skin stuffed with straw, and set beside a
cow, to make her give her milk freely.--TULCHAN BISHOPS, the titular
bishops of the Scottish Church, who in 1572 agreed to hold office, letting
all the revenues of their charge, except a miserable pittance, be absorbed
by the nobles as lay patrons. [Orig. unknown.]
TULIP, t[=u]'lip, _n._ a genus of bulbous plants of the order _Liliaceæ_,
with over forty species, having highly-coloured bell-shaped
flowers.--_adj._ T[=U]'LIP-EARED, prick-eared, as a dog.--_ns._
TULIPOM[=A]'NIA, a craze for the cultivation of tulips; T[=U]'LIP-TREE, a
large North American tree, having tulip-like flowers; T[=U]'LIP-WOOD, the
soft, fine, straight-grained wood of the tulip-tree. [O. Fr. _tulipe_,
_tulippe_, _tulipan_--Turk. _tulbend_, a turban.]
TULLE, t[=oo]l, _n._ a delicate kind of thin silk network fabric of a very
open structure used for the trimmings of ladies' dresses, and also for caps
and veils. [Fr.: from _Tulle_, in the department of Corrèze.]
TULLIAN, tul'i-an, _adj._ relating to, or resembling, Marcus _Tullius_
Cicero, the Roman orator.
TULWAR, tul'wär, _n._ a Sikh form of sabre.
TUMBLE, tum'bl, _v.i._ to fall: to come down suddenly and violently: to
roll: to twist the body, as a mountebank: to fall rapidly, as prices: to go
hastily: (_slang_) to understand, twig.--_v.t._ to throw headlong: to turn
over: to throw about while examining: to disorder, rumple.--_n._ act of
tumbling: a fall: a rolling over, a somersault: confusion.--_ns._
TUM'BLE-BUG, one of several kinds of scarabæoid beetles, which roll up
balls of dung to protect their eggs; TUM'BLE-CAR, a one-horse car.--_adj._
TUM'BLE-DOWN, dilapidated.--_ns._ TUM'BLER, one who tumbles: one who plays
any of the feats or tricks of the acrobat or contortionist: a large
drinking-glass, so called because formerly, having a pointed base, it could
not be set down without tumbling: a kind of domestic pigeon, so called from
its tumbling on the wing: a kind of greyhound: a kind of spring-latch in a
lock, preventing the bolt being shot in either direction: a piece attached
to the hammer of a firearm lock, receiving the thrust of the mainspring and
forcing the hammer forward so as to strike and explode the charge: a
porpoise: one of a gang of London street ruffians early in the 18th
century, whose favourite frolic was to set women on their heads: a tumbril:
one of a set of levers from which hang the heddles in some looms;
TUM'BLERFUL, as much as will fill a tumbler; TUM'BLER-STAND, a tray for
tumblers, as in connection with a soda-water fountain; TUM'BLER-TANK, in
plumbing, a flush-tank in which water gathers in one chamber before being
tilted over so as to discharge its contents; TUM'BLER-WASH'ER, a revolving
stand fitted with projecting pipes on which tumblers are hung to be washed
automatically; TUM'BLE-WEED, a name given to several plants whose globular
flowering heads are detached in autumn and rolled about, scattering their
seed; TUM'BLING, the act of falling.--_adj._ TUM'BLY, uneven.--TUMBLE IN,
or HOME, to incline in above the extreme breadth, of a ship's sides: to
fit, as a piece of timber into other work: to go to bed; TUMBLE OVER, to
toss about carelessly, to upset: to fall over; TUMBLE TO (_slang_), to
comprehend; TUMBLE UP, to get out of bed: to throw into confusion. [A.S.
_tumbian_; cf. Old High Ger. _t[=u]mil[=o]n_ (Ger. _taumeln_), Ice.
_tumba_, to dance.]
TUMBREL, tum'brel, TUMBRIL, tum'bril, _n._ a cart with two wheels for
conveying the tools of pioneers, artillery stores, &c.: a dung-cart: the
name given to the carts which conveyed victims to the guillotine during the
French Revolution. [O. Fr. _tomberel_ (Fr. _tombereau_)--_tomber_, to fall,
because the body of the cart could be tumbled without unyoking.]
TUMEFY, t[=u]'me-f[=i], _v.t._ to cause to swell.--_v.i._ to swell: to rise
in a tumour:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ t[=u]'mef[=i]ed.--_n._ TUMEFAC'TION,
tumour: swelling. [L. _tumefac[)e]re_--_tum[=e]re_, to swell, _fac[)e]re_,
to make.]
TUMID, t[=u]'mid, _adj._ swollen or enlarged: inflated: falsely sublime:
bombastic.--_n._ TUMES'CENCE.--_adj._ TUMES'CENT.--_n._ TUMID'ITY.--_adv._
T[=U]'MIDLY.--_n._ T[=U]'MIDNESS. [L. _tumidus_--_tum[=e]re_, to swell.]
TUMOUR, t[=u]'mor, _n._ a morbid swelling on any of the cutaneous, mucous,
or serous surfaces in any part of the body, of independent growth. [L.
_tumor_--_tum[=e]re_, to swell.]
TUMP, tump, _n._ (_prov._) a hillock.--_v.t._ to gather a mass of earth
round a plant.--_adj._ TUMP'Y, uneven.
TUMP-LINE, tump'-l[=i]n, _n._ a strap across the forehead or breast by
means of which a burden is carried through the Canadian forests.
[_Temple-line_.]
TUM-TUM, tum'-tum, _n._ a West Indian dish of boiled plantains.
TUMULT, t[=u]'mult, _n._ uproar of a multitude: violent agitation with
confused sounds: high excitement.--_adv._ TUMULT'[=U]ARILY.--_n._
TUMULT'[=U]ARINESS.--_adjs._ TUMULT'[=U]ARY, TUMULT'[=U]OUS, full of
tumult: disorderly: agitated: noisy.--_v.i._ TUMULT'[=U]ATE, to make a
tumult.--_n._ TUMULT[=U][=A]'TION.--_adv._ TUMULT'[=U]OUSLY.--_ns._
TUMULT'[=U]OUSNESS; TUMULT'US, commotion. [L. _tumultus_--_tum[=e]re_, to
swell.]
TUMULUS, t[=u]'m[=u]-lus, _n._ a mound of earth over a grave: a
barrow:--_pl._ T[=U]'M[=U]L[=I].--_adjs._ T[=U]'M[=U]LAR, -Y,
T[=U]'M[=U]LOUS.--_v.t._ T[=U]'M[=U]LATE, to cover with a mound.--_n._
T[=U]M[=U]LOS'ITY. [L.,--_tum[=e]re_, to swell.]
TUN, tun, _n._ a large cask: an obsolete liquid measure of capacity--in old
ale and beer measure, 216 gallons; in old wine measure, 252
gallons.--_v.t._ to store in a tun.--_ns._ TUN'-BELL'Y, a big pot-belly;
TUN'-DISH (_Shak._), a wooden funnel; TUN'NAGE, a tax on imported wines;
TUN'NING, the act of brewing, the amount brewed at one time. [A.S.
_tunne_.]
TUNA, t[=u]'na, _n._ a prickly pear, also its fruit.
TUNDRA, t[=oo]n'dra, _n._ one of the level treeless plains of northern
Russia, both in Europe and Asia. [Russ.]
TUNDUN, tun'dun, _n._ a bull-roarer.
TUNE, t[=u]n, _n._ a melodious succession of notes or chords in a
particular key: the relation of notes and intervals to each other causing
melody: state of giving the proper sound: harmony: a melody or air: frame
of mind, temper.--_v.t._ to adjust the tones, as of a musical instrument:
to play upon, celebrate in music: to give a certain character to.--_adj._
T[=U]'NABLE.--_n._ T[=U]'NABLENESS.--_adv._ T[=U]'NABLY.--_adj._ TUNE'FUL,
full of tune or harmony: melodious: musical.--_adv._ TUNE'FULLY.--_n._
TUNE'FULNESS.--_adj._ TUNE'LESS, without tune or melody: silent.--_ns._
T[=U]'NER, one who tunes or adjusts the sounds of musical instruments: one
who makes music, or sings: in organs, an adjustable flap for altering the
pitch of the tone; T[=U]'NING, the art of bringing musical instruments into
tune; T[=U]'NING-FORK, a steel two-pronged instrument, designed when set in
vibration to give a musical sound of a certain pitch; T[=U]'NING-HAMM'ER, a
tuning-wrench with hammer attachment for regulating tension in stringed
instruments.--TUNE UP, to begin to sing or play.--CHANGE ONE'S TUNE, SING
ANOTHER TUNE, to alter one's attitude, or one's way of talking; IN TUNE,
harmonious; OUT OF TUNE, inharmonious; TO THE TUNE OF, to the amount of. [A
doublet of tone.]
TUNGSTEN, tung'sten, _n._ a rare metal, chiefly derived from wolfram, which
is a tungstate of iron and manganese, and likewise found in scheelite,
which is a tungstate of lime.--_n._ TUNG'STATE, a salt of tungstic
acid.--_adjs._ TUNGSTEN'IC; TUNGSTENIF'EROUS; TUNG'STIC.--_n._ TUNG'STITE,
native oxide of tungsten. [Sw.,--tung, heavy, sten, stone.]
TUNGUSIC, tun-g[=oo]'sik, _adj._ pertaining to the _Tunguses_, an
ethnographic group of the Ural-Altaic family.--_n._ TUN'GUS, one of this
people or their language.--_adj._ TUNGU'SIAN.
TUNIC, t[=u]'nik, _n._ a loose frock worn by females and boys: an
ecclesiastical short-sleeved vestment, worn over the alb at mass by the
sub-deacon, very similar to the dalmatic, but smaller: a military surcoat:
the ordinary fatigue-coat of a private soldier, also the coat of an
officer: (_anat._) a membrane that covers some organ: (_bot._) a covering,
as of a seed.--_n._ TUNIC[=A]'TA, a class of remarkable animals, many of
which are popularly known as Ascidians or sea-squirts--now regarded as
occupying a lowly place among vertebrate or chordate animals.--_adjs._
T[=U]'NICATE, -D (_bot._), covered with a tunic or with layers.--_n._
T[=U]'NICLE, a little tunic: as an ecclesiastical vestment, the same as
tunic. [Fr. _tunique_--L. _tunica_, an under-garment of both sexes.]
TUNKER, tungk'[.e]r, _n._ Same as Dunker (q.v.).
TUN-MOOT, tun'-m[=oo]t, _n._ an assembly of the town or village. [A.S.
_tún_, town, _gemót_, meeting.]
TUNNEL, tun'el, _n._ an arched passage cut through a hill or under a river,
&c.: the long underground burrow of certain animals, as the mole: any
mine-level open at one end: (_Spens._) a flue, chimney.--_v.t._ to make a
passage through: to hollow out:--_pr.p._ tunn'elling; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._
tunn'elled.--_n._ TUNN'EL-NET, a net wide at the mouth and narrow at the
other end. [O. Fr. _tonnel_ (Fr. _tonneau_), a cask; also O. Fr.
_tonnelle_, an arched vault, dim. of tonne, a cask.]
TUNNY, tun'i, _n._ a very large fish of the mackerel family (Scombridæ),
fished chiefly on the Mediterranean coasts. [L. _thunnus_--Gr.
_thynnos_--_thynein_, to dart along.]
TUP, tup, _n._ a ram: the striking-face of a steam-hammer, &c.--_v.t._ and
_v.i._ to cover with (of a ram): to butt. [Conn. with Low Ger. _tuppen_,
_toppen_, to pull by the hair; Ger. _tupfen_, to touch.]
TUPAIA, t[=u]-p[=a]'ya, _n._ the genus of squirrel-shrews found in the
Malay Peninsula, &c.
TUPELO, t[=u]'pe-l[=o], _n._ a genus of trees, natives chiefly of the
southern parts of the United States, including the Black Gum Tree, the
Ogeechee Lime or Sour Gum Tree, &c.
TUQUE, t[=u]k, _n._ a Canadian cap made by tucking in one tapered end of a
long cylindrical bag, closed at both ends. [Fr. _toque_.]
TURAKOO, t[=oo]'ra-k[=oo], _n._ one of the plantain-eaters, a large bird
found in Africa, light green, with carmine wing-feathers.--_n._ TU'RACIN,
the red colouring matter of its feathers. [African.]
TURANIAN, t[=u]-r[=a]'ni-an, _adj._ a philological term which came to be
used for the non-Aryan languages of the Ural-Altaic or Finno-Tartar
group--sometimes extended so as to include the Dravidian tongues of India,
also of the agglutinative type, thus erroneously suggesting affinity
between non-Aryan and non-Semitic groups of languages which are probably
quite unconnected. [From _Turan_=_not-Iran_, a term used by the Sassanian
kings of Persia for those parts of their empire outside of Iran, and still
the name for Turkestan among the Persians.]
TURBAN, tur'ban, _n._ a head-covering worn by Eastern nations, consisting
of a cap with a sash wound round it: a circular head-dress worn by ladies:
the whole whorls of a shell.--_n._ TUR'BAND (_Shak._), a turban.--_adj._
TUR'BANED, wearing a turban. [Earlier forms _turbant_, _tulipant_ (Fr.
_turban_, Port. _turbante_), from Pers. _dulband_.]
TURBARY, tur'ba-ri, _n._ the right to go upon the soil of another and dig
turf, and carry off the same: a place where peat is dug. [L. _turba_,
turf.]
TURBELLARIA, tur-be-l[=a]'ri-a, _n.pl._ a class of flat-worms with ciliated
skin--the same as _Planaria_ (q.v.).--_adjs._ TURBELL[=A]'RIAN;
TURBELLAR'IFORM.
TURBID, tur'bid, _adj._ disordered: having the sediment disturbed: muddy:
thick.--_adv._ TUR'BIDLY.--_ns._ TUR'BIDNESS, TURBID'ITY. [L.
_turbidus_--_turba_, tumult.]
TURBILLION, tur-bil'yun, _n._ a whirl, vortex. [Fr. _tourbillon_--L.
_turbo_, a whirl.]
TURBINACEOUS, tur-bi-n[=a]'shus, _adj._ turfy, peaty.
TURBINE, tur'bin, _n._ a horizontal water-wheel with vertical axis,
receiving and discharging water in various directions round the
circumference--by parallel, outward, or inward flow.--_adj._ TUR'BINAL,
turbinate.--_n._ (_anat._) a scroll-like bone.--_adjs._ TUR'BINATE, -D,
shaped like a top or inverted cone: spiral: (_anat._) whorled in shape:
whirling like a top.--_ns._ TURBIN[=A]'TION; TUR'BINE-PUMP, a pump in which
water is raised by the inverted action of a turbine-wheel;
TURB'INE-STEAM'ER, a vessel impelled by a steam-turbine.--_adjs._
TUR'BINIFORM, TUR'BINOID, top-shaped. [Fr.,--L. _turbo_, _turbinis_, a
whirl--_turb[=a]re_, to disturb--_turba_, disorder.]
TURBIT, tur'bit, _n._ a domestic pigeon having white body, coloured wings,
and short beak.
TURBO, tur'b[=o], _n._ the typical genus of the family of scutibranchiate
gasteropods, _Turbinidæ_.--_n._ TUR'BINITE, a fossil shell of this family.
[L. _turbo_, a top.]
TURBOT, tur'bot, _n._ a highly esteemed food-fish of the genus _Rhombus_
and family _Pleuronectidæ_ or Flat-fishes, abundant in the North Sea. [O.
Fr., _turbot_, prob. formed from L. _turbo_, a spinning-top.]
TURBULENT, tur'b[=u]-lent, _adj._ tumultuous, disturbed: in violent
commotion: disposed to disorder: restless: producing commotion.--_ns._
TUR'BULENCE, TUR'BULENCY.--_adv._ TUR'BULENTLY. [Fr.,--L.
_turbulentus_--_turba_, a crowd.]
TURCISM, tur'sizm, _n._ customs of Turks.
TURCO, tur'k[=o], _n._ a popular name for one of the Tirailleurs Algériens,
a body of native Algerian troops recruited for the French service.
TURCOMAN=_Turkoman_.
TURCOPHILE, tur'k[=o]-fil, _n._ one who favours the Ottoman Turks.--_n._
TUR'COPHILISM. [Low L. _Turcus_, Turk, Gr. _philein_, to love.]
TURCOPOLIER, tur'k[=o]-po-l[=e]r, _n._ the commander of the light infantry
of the Knights of St John of Jerusalem--always an Englishman. [O. Fr.,--Low
L. _Turcopuli_--Late Gr. _tyrcopouloi_, light-armed soldiers--_Tourcos_,
Turk, _poulos_, a child.]