SURFUSION, sur-f[=u]'shun, _n._ the condition of being liquid below
fusing-point.
SURGE, surj, _n._ the rising or swelling of a large wave.--_v.i._ to rise
high: to swell.--_adj._ SUR'GY, full of surges or waves: billowy. [L.
_surg[)e]re_, to rise.]
SURGEON, sur'jun, _n._ one who treats injuries or diseases by manual
operations.--_ns._ SUR'GEONCY, SUR'GEONSHIP, the office or employment of a
surgeon in the army or navy; SUR'GERY, act and art of treating lesions or
malformations of the human body by manual operations, mediate and
immediate: a place for surgical operations.--_adj._ SUR'GICAL, pertaining
to surgeons, or to surgery: done by surgery.--_adv._ SUR'GICALLY. [A
doublet of _chirurgeon_ (q.v.).]
SURICATE, s[=u]'ri-k[=a]t, _n._ a long-legged South African carnivore,
allied to the civet, genette, and ichneumon.
SURINAM-TOAD, s[=u]-ri-nam'-t[=o]d, _n._ a South American toad-like
amphibian.
SURLOIN, the preferable form of _sirloin_ (q.v.).
SURLY, sur'li, _adj._ morose: uncivil: tempestuous.--_adv._ SUR'LILY.--_n._
SUR'LINESS. [For _sir-ly_, for _sir-like_, arrogant.]
SURMASTER, sur'mas-t[.e]r, _n._ a master in a school next in rank to a
headmaster.
SURMISE, sur-m[=i]z', _n._ suspicion: conjecture.--_v.t._ to imagine: to
suspect.--_adjs._ SURM[=I]'SABLE, SURM[=I]'SANT.--_n._ SURM[=I]'SER. [O.
Fr.,--_surmettre_, to accuse--L. _super_, upon, _mitt[)e]re_, to send.]
SURMOUNT, sur-mownt', _v.t._ to mount above: to surpass: to overcome, get
the better of.--_adj._ SURMOUNT'ABLE, that may be surmounted.--_n._
SURMOUNT'ABLENESS.--_adj._ SURMOUNT'ED, surpassed: overcome: (_archit._)
denoting an arch or dome rising higher than a semicircle: (_her._) denoting
a figure when another is laid over it.--_n._ SURMOUNT'ER. [Fr.--_sur_ (L.
_super_), above, _monter_, to mount.]
SURMULLET, sur-mul'et, _n._ a mulloid food-fish of the genus _Mullus_, with
two long barbels on the throat.
SURNAME, sur'n[=a]m, _n._ a name over and above the Christian name: the
family name.--_v.t._ to call by a surname.--_adj._ SURNOM'INAL. [Formed
from Fr. _sur_--L. _super_, over and above, and Eng. _name_, on the analogy
of Fr. _sur-nom_.]
SURPASS, sur-pas', _v.t._ to pass beyond: to exceed: to excel: to go past
in space.--_adj._ SURPASS'ABLE, that may be surpassed.--_p.adj._
SURPASS'ING, passing beyond others: excellent in a high degree.--_adv._
SURPASS'INGLY.--_n._ SURPASS'INGNESS. [Fr. _surpasser_, _sur_--L. _super_,
beyond, _passer_, to pass.]
SURPLICE, sur'plis, _n._ a white linen garment worn over the cassock by
clerks of all degrees, most commonly used for the service of the choir, and
also employed, along with the stole, by priests in the administration of
the sacraments and in preaching.--_adj._ SUR'PLICED, wearing a surplice.
[Fr. _surplis_--Low L. _superpellicium_, an over-garment.]
SURPLUS, sur'plus, _n._ the overplus: excess above what is required.--_n._
SUR'PLUSAGE, overplus. [Fr., from _sur_--L. _super_, over, _plus_, more.]
SURPRISE, sur-pr[=i]z', _n._ act of taking unawares: the emotion caused by
anything sudden: amazement.--_v.t._ to come upon suddenly or unawares: to
lead or bring unawares, to betray (with _into_): to strike with wonder or
astonishment: to confuse.--_n._ SURPR[=I]S'AL, act of surprising.--_adv._
SURPR[=I]S'EDLY.--_adj._ SURPR[=I]S'ING, exciting surprise: wonderful:
unexpected.--_adv._ SURPR[=I]S'INGLY.--_n._ SURPR[=I]S'INGNESS.
[Fr.,--surpris, pa.p. of _surprendre_--L. _super_, over, _prehend[)e]re_,
to catch.]
SURQUEDRY, sur'kwe-dri, _n._ (_Spens._) pride, arrogance--also
SUR'QUIDRY.--_adj._ SUR'QUEDOUS.
SURREBOUND, sur-e-bownd', _v.i._ to rebound again and again: to give back
echoes.
SURREBUT, sur-e-but', _v.i._ to reply to a defendant's rebutter.--_ns._
SURREBUT'TAL, a plaintiff's evidence or presentation of evidence, in
response to a defendant's rebuttal; SURREBUT'TER, the plaintiffs reply, in
common law pleading, to a defendant's rebutter; SURREJOIN'DER, the answer
of a plaintiff to a defendant's rejoinder.
SURREINED, sur'r[=a]nd, _adj._ (_Shak._) injured by driving, overworked.
SURRENAL, sur-r[=e]'nal, _adj._ situated above the kidneys.
SURRENDER, sur-ren'd[.e]r, _v.t._ to deliver over: to resign.--_v.i._ to
yield up one's self to another.--_n._ act of yielding, or giving up to
another.--_ns._ SURRENDEREE', one to whom a legal surrender is made;
SURREN'DERER, one who surrenders; SURREN'DEROR (_law_), one who makes a
surrender; SURREN'DRY, SURREN'DERY (_obs._), a surrender. [O. Fr.
_surrendre_, from _sur_, over--L. _super_, over, _rendre_--L. _redd[)e]re_,
to render.]
SURREPTITIOUS, sur-rep-tish'us, _adj._ done by stealth or fraud.--_adv._
SURREPTI'TIOUSLY. [L., from _surrip[)e]re_, _surreptum_--_sub_, under,
_rap[)e]re_, to seize.]
SURREY, sur'[=a], _n._ (_U.S._) a light four-wheeled vehicle for four
persons, usually with two seats in a box mounted on side-bars.
SURROGATE, sur'r[=o]-g[=a]t, _n._ a substitute: the deputy of an
ecclesiastical judge.--_ns._ SUR'ROG[=A]TESHIP; SURROG[=A]'TION,
subrogation; SURROG[=A]'TUM, that which comes in place of something else.
[L. _surrog[=a]re_, _[=a]tum_--_sub_, in the place of, _rog[=a]re_, to
ask.]
SURROUND, sur-rownd', _v.t._ to go round about; to encompass, environ: to
cut off from communication or retreat.--_n._ SURROUND'ING, an encompassing:
(_pl._) things which surround, external circumstances. [O. Fr.
_suronder_--L. _superund[=a]re_, to overflow, often confused with _round_.]
SURSIZE, sur-s[=i]z', _n._ a penalty in feudal times for non-payment of
castle-guard rent on the appointed day.
SURTAX, sur'taks, _n._ an additional tax on certain articles.--_v.t._ to
lay such a tax upon.
SURTOUT, sur-t[=oo]', -t[=oo]t', _n._ a close-bodied frock-coat: (_fort._)
a raised portion of the parapet of a work at the angles, to protect from
enfilade fire. [Fr.,--Low L. _super-totus_, an outer garment.]
SURVEILLANCE, sur-vel'yans, _n._ a being vigilant or watchful:
inspection.--_adj._ SURVEILL'ANT. [Fr.,--_surveiller_--_sur_, over--L.
_super_, _veiller_, to watch--L. _vigil[=a]re_.]
SURVEY, sur-v[=a]', _v.t._ to see or look over: to inspect: to superintend:
to examine: to measure and estimate, as land--(_obs._) SURVIEW'.--_ns._
SUR'VEY, oversight: view: examination: the measuring of land, or of a
country: general view: a description of the condition, use, &c. of property
to be insured: an auction at which a farm is let for three lives: (_U.S._)
a district for the collection of customs under a particular officer;
SURVEY'ING, the art of ascertaining the boundaries and superficial extent
of any portion of the earth's surface; SURVEY'OR, an overseer: a measurer
of land; SURVEY'ORSHIP. [O. Fr. _surveoir_--L. _super_, over, _vid[=e]re_,
to see.]
SURVIVE, sur-v[=i]v', _v.t._ to live beyond: to outlive.--_v.i._ to remain
alive.--_n._ SURV[=I]'VAL, a surviving or living after: any custom or
belief surviving in folklore from a more or less savage earlier state of
society, long after the philosophy or rationale of it is
forgotten.--_p.adj._ SURV[=I]'VING, continuing alive: outliving.--_ns._
SURV[=I]'VOR, one who survives or lives after another;
SURV[=I]'VORSHIP.--SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST, the preservation of favourable
variations, attended with the destruction of injurious ones, such being the
result of Natural Selection (see Natural). [Fr.,--L. _super_, beyond,
_viv[)e]re_, to live.]
SURYA, s[=oo]r'ya, _n._ the sun-god in Hindu mythology. [Sans. _s[=u]rya_,
the sun.]
SUSCEPTIBLE, sus-sep'ti-bl, _adj._ capable of receiving anything:
impressible: disposed to admit.--_ns._ SUSCEPTIBIL'ITY, SUSCEP'TIBLENESS,
quality of being susceptible: capability: sensibility.--_adv._
SUSCEP'TIBLY.--_adj._ SUSCEP'TIVE, capable of receiving or admitting:
readily admitting.--_ns._ SUSCEP'TIVENESS; SUSCEPTIV'ITY; SUSCEP'TOR;
SUSCIP'IENCY.--_adj._ SUSCIP'IENT. [Fr.,--L. _suscip[)e]re_, _susceptum_,
to take up--_sub_, up, _cap[)e]re_, to take.]
SUSCITATE, sus'i-t[=a]t, _v.t._ to excite, rouse.--_n._ SUSCIT[=A]'TION.
[L. _suscit[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_sub_, under, _cit[=a]re_, to arouse.]
SUSPECT, sus-pekt', _v.t._ to mistrust: to imagine to be guilty: to doubt:
to have a slight opinion that something exists, but without sufficient
evidence, to conjecture.--_v.i._ to imagine guilt, to be suspicious.--_n._
a person suspected.--_adv._ SUSPEC'TEDLY.--_n._ SUSPEC'TEDNESS.--_adj._
SUSPECT'LESS, not suspected. [L. _suspic[)e]re_, _suspectum_, to look at
secretly--_sub_, up, _spec[)e]re_, to look at.]
SUSPEND, sus-pend', _v.t._ to hang one thing beneath another: to make to
depend on: to make to stop for a time: to delay: to debar from any
privilege, office, emolument, &c. for a time.--_ns._
SUSPEN'DED-ANIM[=A]'TION, the temporary cessation of the outward signs and
of some of the functions of life--due to asphyxia, drowning, strangulation;
SUSPEN'DER, one who, or that which, suspends, one of a pair of straps
crossing the shoulders to support the trousers; SUSPENSE', state of being
suspended: act of withholding the judgment: uncertainty: indecision: stop
betwixt two opposites; SUSPENSIBIL'ITY, susceptibility of being
suspended.--_adj._ SUSPEN'SIBLE, capable of being suspended.--_ns._
SUSPEN'SION, act of suspending: interruption: delay: temporary privation of
office or privilege: a conditional withholding; SUSPEN'SION-BRIDGE, a
bridge in which the roadway is supported by chains, which pass over
elevated piers, and are secured below at each end.--_adj._
SUSPEN'SIVE.--_adv._ SUSPEN'SIVELY.--_n._ SUSPEN'SOR, a suspensory
bandage.--_adj._ SUSPENS[=O]'RIAL.--_n._ SUSPENS[=O]'RIUM, that which holds
up a part, esp. the arrangement joining the lower jaw to the cranium in
vertebrates below mammals.--_adj._ SUSPEN'SORY, that suspends:
doubtful.--_n._ that which suspends: a bandage: having the effect of
delaying or staying.--SUSPEND PAYMENT, to publicly stop paying debts from
insolvency. [L. _suspend[)e]re_--_sub_, beneath, _pend[=e]re_, _pensum_, to
hang.]
SUSPERCOLLATE, sus-p[.e]r-kol'[=a]t, _v.t._ to hang. [_Sus. per coll._,
abbrev. for L. _suspensio per collum_, hanging by the neck.]
SUSPICION, sus-pish'un, _n._ act of suspecting: the imagining of something
without evidence or on slender evidence: mistrust: (_coll._) a slight
quantity of, as of spirits.--_adj._ SUSPI'CIOUS, full of suspicion: showing
suspicion: inclined to suspect: liable to suspicion, doubtful.--_adv._
SUSPI'CIOUSLY.--_n._ SUSPI'CIOUSNESS.
SUSPIRE, sus-p[=i]r', _v.i._ to fetch a deep breath, to sigh, to
breathe.--_n._ SUSPIR[=A]'TION, act of sighing.--_adj._ SUSPIR'IOUS,
sighing. [L. _susp[=i]r[=a]re_--_sub_, under, _spir[=a]re_, to breathe.]
SUSTAIN, sus-t[=a]n', _v.t._ to hold up: to bear: to maintain: to relieve:
to prove: to sanction: to prolong.--_adjs._ SUSTAIN'ABLE, that may be
sustained; SUSTAINED', kept up at one uniform pitch.--_ns._ SUSTAIN'ER, one
who, or that which, sustains; SUSTAIN'MENT, act of sustaining, sustenance;
SUS'TENANCE, that which sustains: maintenance: provisions.--_adj._
SUSTENTAC'ULAR, supporting, pertaining to a SUSTENTAC'ULUM, a support or
sustaining tissue, esp. an inferior spine of the tarsus in spiders of the
genus _Epeira_.--_v.t._ SUS'TENT[=A]TE, to sustain.--_n._ SUSTENT[=A]'TION,
that which sustains: support: maintenance.--_adj._ SUSTEN'TATIVE,
sustaining.--_ns._ SUS'TENT[=A]TOR, a sustaining part or structure;
SUSTEN'TION, the act of sustaining; SUSTEN'TOR, one of two posterior
projections of a butterfly-chrysalis.--SUSTENTATION FUND, the scheme by
which the ministers of the Free Church of Scotland are supported by
voluntary contributions not local or congregational, but with a national
altruism or solidarity paid into a great central fund, out of which equal
stipends are paid to all alike. [L. _sustin[=e]re_--_sub_, up, _ten[=e]re_,
to hold.]
SUSURRANT, s[=u]-sur'ant, _adj._ murmuring, whispering.--_n._
SUSURR[=A]'TION, a soft murmur.--_adv._ SUSUR'RINGLY.--_adj._ SUSUR'ROUS,
whispering, rustling.--_n._ SUSUR'RUS, a soft murmuring, a whispering. [L.
_susurr[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to whisper.]
SUTILE, s[=u]'til, _adj._ done by stitching. [L. _sutilis_--_su[)e]re_, to
sew.]
SUTLER, sut'l[.e]r, _n._ a person who follows an army and sells liquor or
provisions: a camp-hawker.--_n._ SUT'LERY, a sutler's work: a sutler's
store.--_adj._ SUT'LING, pertaining to sutlers: engaged in the occupation
of a sutler. [Old Dut. _soetelaar_, _zoetelaar_, a small
trader--_zoetelen_, to do mean work; Low Ger. _suddeln_, to do dirty work.]