STUCKLE, stuk'l, _n._ (_prov._) several sheaves set together.
STUD, stud, _n._ a collection of breeding horses and mares, also the place
where they are kept: a collection of horses for racing or hunting, also of
other animals, even of dogs in America.--_ns._ STUD'-BOOK, a record of the
pedigrees of famous animals, esp. horses; STUD'-FARM, a farm where horses
are bred; STUD'-GROOM, a groom at a stud, esp. the head-groom; STUD'-HORSE,
a stallion. [A.S. _stód_; Ger. _gestüt_.]
STUD, stud, _n._ a nail with a large head: an ornamental double-headed
button worn in a cuff or shirt-front: one of the intermediate posts in a
partition to which laths are nailed: a cross-piece in the links of a
chain-cable for strengthening: a small pin in a watch: a trunk,
stem.--_v.t._ to adorn with knobs: to set thickly, as with studs:--_pr.p._
stud'ding; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ stud'ded.--_ns._ STUD'-BOLT, a bolt with a
thread on each end, screwed into a fixed part at one end, receiving a nut
upon the other; STUD'DING-SAIL, a narrow sail set temporarily at the outer
edges of a square sail when the wind is light--also SCUDDING-SAIL;
STUD'DLE, a prop supporting a platform in a mine; STUD'-WORK, brickwork
walls between studs: studded leather armour. [A.S. _studu_, a post.]
STUDENT, st[=u]'dent, _n._ one who studies, a scholar at a higher school,
college, or university: one devoted to the study of any subject: a man
devoted to books.--_ns._ ST[=U]'DENTRY, students collectively;
ST[=U]'DENTSHIP, an endowment for a student in a college.
STUDIO, st[=u]'di-o, _n._ the workshop of an artist or photographer:--_pl._
ST[=U]'DIOS. [It.]
STUDIOUS, st[=u]'di-us, _adj._ given to study: thoughtful: diligent:
careful (with _of_): studied: deliberately planned: favourable for study or
meditation.--_adv._ ST[=U]'DIOUSLY.--_n._ ST[=U]'DIOUSNESS.
STUDY, stud'i, _v.t._ to bestow pains upon: to apply the mind to: to
examine closely, in order to learn thoroughly: to form and arrange by
thought: to con over.--_v.i._ to apply the mind closely to a subject: to
try hard: to muse, meditate, reflect: to apply the mind to books:--_pa.t._
and _pa.p._ stud'ied.--_n._ a setting of the mind upon a subject, earnest
endeavour, application to books, &c.: absorbed attention: contrivance: any
object of attentive consideration: any particular branch of learning: a
room devoted to study: a first sketch from nature, a drawing or painting
hastily done to facilitate later and more elaborate work, a student's
exercise in painting or sculpture: a composition in music intended to help
in acquiring mechanical facility: in theatrical phrase, one who commits a
part to memory.--_adj._ STUD'IED, qualified by, or versed in, study:
learned: planned with study or deliberation: premeditated.--_adv._
STUD'IEDLY, in a studied or premeditated manner.--_n._ STUD'IER, one who
studies. [O. Fr. _estudie_ (Fr. _étude_)--L. _studium_, zeal; Gr.
_spoud[=e]_, zeal.]
STUFA, st[=oo]f'a, _n._ a jet of steam issuing from a fissure in the earth.
[It.]
STUFF, stuf, _n._ materials of which anything is made: that which fills
anything: essence, elemental part: textile fabrics, cloth, esp. when
woollen: something trifling, worthless, or contemptible: a melted mass of
turpentine, tallow, &c. used for paying masts, planks, &c.: a medicinal
mixture: boards for building: (_slang_) money: worthless matter:
possessions generally, esp. household furniture, &c.--_v.t._ to fill by
crowding: to fill very full: to press in: to crowd: to cram, as with
nonsense or lies: to obstruct: to cause to bulge out by filling: to fill
with seasoning, as a fowl: to fill the skin of a dead animal, so as to
reproduce its living form.--_v.i._ to feed gluttonously: to practise
taxidermy.--_ns._ STUFF'ER, one who stuffs, esp. the skins of animals;
STUFF'-GOWN, a gown of stuff, not silk, esp. that of a junior barrister;
STUFF'ING, that which is used to stuff or fill anything--straw, sawdust,
feathers, hair, &c.: relishing ingredients put into meat, poultry, &c. in
cooking; STUFF'ING-BOX, a contrivance for keeping a piston-rod, &c.,
air-tight or water-tight by means of closely-fitting packing, while
allowing it free motion. [O. Fr. _estoffe_ (Fr. _étoffe_)--L. _stuppa_,
tow.]
STUFFY, stuf'i, _adj._ badly ventilated, musty: causing difficulty in
breathing: (_Scot._) stout: sturdy: (_slang_) sulky.--_n._ STUFF'INESS. [O.
Fr. _estouffer_, to choke--estoffe, stuff.]
STUG, stug, _n._ (_Scot._) a thorn.
STUGGY, stug'i, _adj._ (_prov._) thick-set, stout.
STULL, stul, _n._ (_prov._) in mining, a cross-timber in an excavation.
STULM, stulm, _n._ a small shaft used to drain a mine.
STULP, stulp, _n._ (_prov._) a post.
STULTIFY, stul'ti-f[=i], _v.t._ to make a fool of: to cause to appear
foolish: to destroy the force of one's argument by self-contradiction:
(_law_) to allege or prove to be of unsound mind:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._
stul'tified.--_ns._ STULTIFIC[=A]'TION, act of stultifying or making
foolish; STUL'TIFIER, one who stultifies or makes a fool of;
STULTIL'OQUENCE, STULTIL'OQUY, foolish talk or discourse, babbling.--_adj._
STULTIL'OQUENT.--_adv._ STULTIL'OQUENTLY. [L. _stultus_, foolish,
_fac[)e]re_, to make.]
STUM, stum, _n._ must, grape-juice unfermented: new wine used to revive
dead or vapid wine: a mixture used to impart artificial strength, &c., to
weak beer or wine: wine revived by the addition of stum or by a second
fermentation.--_v.t._ to renew or doctor with stum: to fume, as a cask of
liquor, with burning sulphur. [Dut. _stom_, must--_stom_, mute; Ger.
_stumm_, dumb.]
STUMBLE, stum'bl, _v.i._ to strike the feet against something, to trip in
walking: to light on by chance (with _upon_): to slide into crime or
error.--_v.t._ to cause to trip or stop: to puzzle.--_n._ a trip in walking
or running: a blunder: a failure.--_ns._ STUM'BLER, one who stumbles;
STUM'BLING-BLOCK, -STONE, a block or stone over which one would be likely
to stumble: a cause of error.--_adv._ STUM'BLINGLY.--_adj._ STUM'BLY, apt
to stumble. [Skeat explains the _b_ as excrescent, the M. E. _stomblen_,
_stomelen_, _stumlen_, also _stomeren_ being from Ice. _stumra_, to
stumble. It is thus a doublet of _stammer_.]
STUMMEL, stum'el, _n._ the bowl and stem of a pipe.
STUMP, stump, _n._ the part of a tree left in the ground after the trunk is
cut down: the part of a body remaining after a part is cut off or
destroyed: (_cricket_) one of the three sticks forming a wicket.--_v.t._ to
reduce to a stump, to truncate, to cut off a part of: to strike
unexpectedly, as the foot against something fixed: (_cricket_) to knock
down the wickets when the batsman is out of his ground: to bring to a stop
by means of some obstacle or other, to defeat, ruin: (_U.S._) to challenge
to do something difficult: to make stump-speeches throughout a district,
constituency, &c.: (_slang_) to pay down, hand over (with _up_).--_v.i._ to
walk along heavily: to make stump-speeches.--_ns._ STUMP'ER, one who
stumps; STUMP'-OR'ATOR, one who harangues the multitude from a temporary
platform, as the stump of a tree: a speaker who travels about the country,
and whose appeals are mainly to the passions of his audience;
STUMP'-OR'ATORY; STUMP'-SPEECH, an impromptu speech delivered on any
improvised platform, any speech made all round a district by some frothy
agitator.--_adj._ STUMP'Y, full of stumps, short and thick.--_n._ (_slang_)
cash.--STUMP OUT (_cricket_), to put out by knocking down the stump or
wicket. [Ice. _stumpr_; Ger. _stumpf_, nasalised form of _stub_.]
STUN, stun, _v.t._ to stupefy or astonish with a loud noise, or with a
blow: to surprise completely: to amaze:--_pr.p._ stun'ning; _pa.t._ and
_pa.p._ stunned.--_n._ a stroke, shock, stupefying blow.--_ns._ STUN'NER, a
person or an action that strikes with amazement; STUN'NING,
stupefaction.--_adj._ very striking, astonishing.--_adv._ STUN'NINGLY.
[A.S. _stunian_, to make a din--_stun_, a din.]
STUNDIST, stun'dist, _n._ one of a body of Russian dissenters who reject
forms and ceremonies, and base their faith and practice on the Bible
alone.--_n._ STUN'DISM, the doctrines of the Stundists. [Ger. _stunde_, an
hour, from their stated meetings for Bible-reading.]
STUNG, stung, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _sting_.
STUNK, stungk, _pa.p._ of _stink_.
STUNT, stunt, _v.t._ to hinder from growth, to dwarf, check.--_n._ a check
in growth: an animal whose growth is stunted.--_adj._ STUNT'ED,
dwarfed.--_n._ STUNT'EDNESS, state of being stunted. [A.S. _stunt_, blunt;
Ice. _stuttr_, short.]
STUPA, st[=u]'pa, _n._ a Buddhist monument: a dagoba or shrine of Buddha.
[Sans.]
STUPE, st[=u]p, _n._ a fomentation, or rather the tow or cloth dipped in
it, and used in its application.--_v.t._ to treat with a stupe.--_adjs._
ST[=U]'P[=E]OUS, covered with long loose filaments or scales--also
ST[=U]'P[=O]SE; ST[=U]'PUL[=O]SE, finely stupose. [L.,--Gr. _stupp[=e]_,
tow.]
STUPEFY, st[=u]'pe-f[=i], _v.t._ to make stupid or senseless: to deaden the
perception: to deprive of sensibility:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._
st[=u]'pefied.--_adj._ ST[=U]PEF[=A]'CIENT, stupefying.--_n._ anything that
stupefies, a narcotic drug.--_n._ ST[=U]PEFAC'TION, the act of making
stupid or senseless: insensibility: stupidity.--_adj._ ST[=U]PEFAC'TIVE,
causing stupefaction or insensibility.--_ns._ ST[=U]'PEF[=I]EDNESS;
ST[=U]'PEF[=I]ER.--_adj._ ST[=U]'PENT, struck with stupor. [L.
_stup[=e]re_, to be struck senseless, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
STUPENDOUS, st[=u]-pen'dus, _adj._ wonderful, amazing, astonishing for its
magnitude, force, enormity.--_adv._ ST[=U]PEN'DOUSLY.--_n._
ST[=U]PEN'DOUSNESS. [L. _stupendus_.]
STUPID, st[=u]'pid, _adj._ struck senseless: insensible: deficient or dull
in understanding: formed or done without reason or judgment: foolish:
unskilful.--_ns._ STUPE (_coll._), a stupid person; ST[=U]PID'ITY,
ST[=U]'PIDNESS.--_adv._ ST[=U]'PIDLY. [Fr.,--L. _stupidus_.]
STUPOR, st[=u]'por, _n._ the state of being struck senseless: suspension of
sense either complete or partial: insensibility, intellectual or moral:
excessive amazement or astonishment.--_adj._ ST[=U]'POROUS.
STUPRUM, st[=u]'prum, _n._ forcible violation of chastity: rape.--_v.t._
ST[=U]'PR[=A]TE, to ravish.--_n._ ST[=U]PR[=A]'TION. [L.,--_stupr[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_, to debauch.]
STURDY, stur'di, _adj._ (_comp._ STUR'DIER, _superl._ STUR'DIEST) resolute:
firm: forcible: strong: robust: stout: (_obs._) stubborn or
obstinate.--_adv._ STUR'DILY.--_n._ STUR'DINESS. [O. Fr. _estourdi_, pa.p.
of _estourdir_ (Fr. _étourdir_), It. _stordire_, to stun; acc. to Diez,
through an assumed Low L. form from L. _torpidus_, stupefied.]
STURDY, stur'di, _n._ the _gid_, a disease affecting young sheep with
staggering and stupor, caused by a species of tapeworm in the
brain.--_adj._ STUR'DIED.
STURGEON, stur'jun, _n._ a genus of large Ganoid fishes, yielding palatable
flesh, caviare from their roe, isinglass from their air-bladders. [O. Fr.
_esturgeon_, from Old High Ger. _sturjo_--_st[=o]ren_, to spread.]
STURNIDÆ, stur'ni-d[=e], _n.pl._ a family of oscine passerine birds, its
representative genus, STUR'NUS, the starlings.--_adjs._ STUR'NIFORM;
STUR'NOID.
STURT, sturt, _n._ strife, wrath, vexation.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to vex,
annoy: start with fear.
STUTTER, stut'[.e]r, _v.i._ to hesitate in speaking: to stammer.--_n._ the
act of stuttering: a hesitation in speaking.--_n._ STUTT'ERER, one who
stutters.--_adj._ STUTT'ERING, hesitating in speaking: stammering.--_adv._
STUTT'ERINGLY. [A freq. of obs. _stut_, to stutter, M. E. _stoten_--Ice.
_stauta_; cog. with Ger. _stossen_.]
STY, st[=i], _n._ a small inflamed tumour on the eyelid. [A.S. _stígend_,
from _stígan_, to step up.]
STY, st[=i], _n._ an enclosure for swine: any place extremely filthy, any
place of gross debauchery. [A.S. _stígo_; Ger. _steige_.]
STYGIAN, stij'i-an, _adj._ relating to _Styx_, one of the rivers of Hades,
across which Charon ferries the shades of the departed: hellish, infernal,
deadly, impenetrable. [L.,--Gr. _stygein_, to hate.]
STYLE, st[=i]l, _n._ anything long and pointed, esp. a pointed tool for
engraving or writing: manner of writing, mode of expressing thought in
language: the distinctive manner peculiar to an author: characteristic or
peculiar mode of expression and execution (in the fine arts): title: mode
of address: practice, esp. in a law-court: manner: form: fashion: mode of
reckoning time--_Old Style_, when the system follows the Julian calendar,
as still in Russia, and in England before 2d September 1752; _New Style_,
when the system follows the Gregorian calendar (eleven days were omitted,
thus the 3d September became the 14th): the pin of a dial: (_bot._) the
middle portion of the pistil, between the ovary and the stigma (see
PISTIL).--_v.t._ to entitle in addressing or speaking of: to name or
designate.--_adjs._ STY'LAR, pertaining to the pin of a dial; STY'LATE,
like a style, styliform.--_n._ STY'LET, a stiletto: the perforator of a
trocar, a probe: a little style.--_adjs._ STY'LETIFORM, shaped like a
stylet; STYLIF'EROUS, having a style, stylate; STY'LIFORM, style-shaped;
STY'LISH, displaying style: fashionable: showy: pretending to
style.--_adv._ STY'LISHLY.--_ns._ STY'LISHNESS; STY'LIST, one with a
distinctive and fine literary style.--_adj._ STYLIST'IC.--_adv._
STYLIST'ICALLY.--_adj._ STY'LOID, resembling a style or pen.--_n._ STY'LUS,
a style, pen. [Fr.,--L. _stilus_.]
STYLITE, st[=i]'l[=i]t, _n._ one of an early class of anchorets who lived
unsheltered on the tops of pillars--Simeon _Stylites_ (c. 390-459) is said
to have lived thirty years on such. [Gr. _stylit[=e]s_--_stylos_, a
pillar.]
STYLOBATE, st[=i]'l[=o]-b[=a]t, _n._ the substructure of a temple beneath
the columns. [Gr. _stylobat[=e]s_--_stylos_, a column, _bainein_, to go.]
STYLOGRAPHY, st[=i]-log'ra-fi, _n._ a mode of writing or tracing lines with
a style or pointed instrument on prepared paper, cards, or tablets.--_n._
STYL'OGRAPH, a stylographic pen, a pencil-like pen from which ink is fed to
a tubular writing-point through which runs a needle which when pressed on
the paper releases the ink.--_adj._ STYLOGRAPH'IC.--_adv._
STYLOGRAPH'ICALLY. [Gr. _stylos_, a style, _graphein_, to write.]
STYMIE, st[=i]'mi, _n._ in golf, a position on the putting-green when the
ball of one player lies between that of his opponent and the hole.
STYPTIC, stip'tik, _adj._ drawing together: astringent: that stops
bleeding.--_n._ an agent employed in surgery for the purpose of checking
the flow of blood by application to the bleeding surface: an astringent
medicine.--_n._ STYPTIC'ITY. [Fr.,--L. _stypticus_--Gr.
_styptikos_--_styphein_, to contract.]
STYRAX, st[=i]'raks, _n._ a genus of plants abounding in resinous and
aromatic substances, one species of which produces storax, another benzoin.
[L.--Gr.]
STYTHE, st[=i]th, _n._ (_prov._) choke-damp.
STYX, stiks. See STYGIAN.
SUABLE, s[=u]'a-bl, _adj._ that may be sued.--_n._ SUABIL'ITY.
SUAGE, sw[=a]j, _v.t._ (_Milt._) to assuage.
SUASION, sw[=a]'zhun, _n._ the act of persuading or advising:
advice.--_adj._ SU[=A]'SIVE, tending to persuade: persuasive.--_adv._
SU[=A]'SIVELY.--_n._ SU[=A]'SIVENESS. [Fr.,--L. _suasio_--_suad[=e]re_, to
advise.]
SUAVE, sw[=a]v, or swäv, _adj._ pleasant: agreeable.--_adv._
SU[=A]VE'LY.--_n._ SUAV'ITY. [Fr.,--L. _suavis_, sweet.]
SUB, sub, _n._ (_coll._) a subordinate, a subaltern: subsist money, being a
part of a man's wages paid to him while the work is going on.
SUBABDOMINAL, sub-ab-dom'i-nal, _adj._ situated below the abdominal region,
in the lower part of the abdomen.
SUBACID, sub-as'id, _adj._ moderately acid, not unpleasantly sour: somewhat
sharp or biting.--_n._ SUBACID'ITY.--_adj._ SUBACID'ULOUS, moderately
acidulous.
SUBACRID, sub-ak'rid, _adj._ moderately acrid.
SUBACUTE, sub-a-k[=u]t', _adj._ slightly or moderately acute.
SUBAERIAL, sub-[=a]-[=e]'ri-al, _adj._ beneath the sky: in the open
air.--_n._ SUB[=A][=E]'RIALIST, one who ascribes the greater inequalities
in the earth's surface to atmospheric influences.--_adv._
SUB[=A][=E]'RIALLY.
SUBAGENT, sub-[=a]j'ent, _n._ one employed by an agent to transact business
in his stead.
SUBAHDAR, s[=oo]'ba-där, _n._ under the Mogul government, the title of the
governor of a province (SU'BAH): now a native officer ranking as a captain
under European officers.--_n._ SU'BAHDARY, the office or jurisdiction of
such.
SUBALPINE, sub-al'p[=i]n, _adj._ belonging to a mountainous region next
below alpine--i.e. near but not below the timber-line, alpestrine.
SUBALTERN, sub'al-t[.e]rn, or sub-al't[.e]rn, _adj._ inferior:
subordinate.--_n._ a subordinate: an officer in the army under the rank of
captain: (_logic_) a specific class as included under a general one, or a
particular statement as deducible from a universal one.--_adjs._
SUBALTER'NANT, universal as opposed to particular; SUBALTER'NATE,
succeeding by turns: subordinate.--_n._ a particular proposition or a
species, as opposed to a universal proposition or a genus.--_n._
SUBALTERN[=A]'TION. [Fr.,--Low L. _subalternus_--L. _sub_, under,
_alternus_, one after the other, _alter_, the other.]
SUBAPOSTOLIC, sub-ap-os-tol'ik, _adj._ pertaining to the period just after
that of the apostles--that of Barnabas, Clement of Rome, Hermas, Ignatius,
Papias, and Polycarp. Just after these follow Justin Martyr, Irenæus,
Clement of Alexandria, &c.
SUBAQUEOUS, sub-[=a]'kwe-us, _adj._ lying under water: formed under water:
living under water.--_adj._ SUBAQUAT'IC, subaqueous: partially aquatic.
SUBARBORESCENT, sub-ar-bor-es'ent, _adj._ somewhat arborescent or
tree-like.
SUBARCTIC, sub-ark'tik, _adj._ of a region or climate next to the arctic.
SUBARRHATION, sub-ar-[=a]'shun, _n._ the ancient custom of betrothal by
gift of pledges. [L. _sub_, under, _arrha_, earnest-money.]
SUBASTRAL, sub-as'tral, _adj._ situated beneath the stars, terrestrial.
SUBAUDITION, sub-aw-dish'un, _n._ a sense understood not expressed.
SUBAXILLARY, sub-aks'i-lar-i, _adj._ below the armpit: under the axil or
angle formed by a branch or leaf.
SUBBING, sub'ing, _n._ (_print._) the act of working as a substitute: the
practice of advancing part of the wages while the work is going on.
SUBCARBONATE, sub-kär'bon-[=a]t, _n._ a carbonate containing more than one
equivalent of the base for each equivalent of carbonic acid.
SUBCAUDAL, sub-kaw'dal, _adj._ beneath the tail.
SUBCELESTIAL, sub-sel-est'yal, _adj._ under the heavens.
SUBCLASS, sub'klas, _n._ a primary subdivision of a class.
SUBCLAVIAN, sub-kl[=a]'vi-an, _adj._ under the clavicle or
collar-bone.--Also SUBCLAVIC'ULAR.
SUBCOMMITTEE, sub'ko-mit-[=e], _n._ an under-committee: a division of a
committee.
SUBCONSCIOUS, sub-kon'shus, _adj._ faintly conscious, applying to
perceptions which are without consciousness or memory.--_adv._
SUBCON'SCIOUSLY.--_n._ SUBCON'SCIOUSNESS.
SUBCONTIGUOUS, sub-kon-tig'[=u]-us, _n._ almost touching.
SUBCONTINUOUS, sub-kon-tin'[=u]-us, _adj._ nearly continuous, with but
slight interruptions.
SUBCONTRACT, sub-kon'trakt, _n._ a contract subordinate to another
contract, as for the subletting of work.--_v.i._ SUBCONTRACT'.--_adj._
SUBCONTRACT'ED.--_n._ SUBCONTRACT'OR.
SUBCONTRARY, sub-kon'tra-ri, _adj._ contrary in an inferior degree:
(_geom._) said of a section of an oblique cone on a circular base, which
section is itself a circle: (_logic_) denoting the opposition of two
subalternate propositions.--_n._ a subcontrary proposition.--_n._
SUBCONTRAR[=I]'ETY.
SUBCORDATE, sub-kor'd[=a]t, _adj._ heart-shaped.
SUBCOSTAL, sub-kos'tal, _adj._ under or between the ribs.
SUBCREPITANT, sub-krep'i-tant, _adj._ slightly crepitant.--_n._
SUBCREPIT[=A]'TION.
SUBCULTURE, sub-kul't[=u]r, _n._ in bacteriology, a culture derived from a
previous one.
SUBCUTANEOUS, sub-k[=u]-t[=a]'ne-us, _adj._ under the skin.--SUBCUTANEOUS
SYRINGE, a syringe for injecting substances beneath the skin.
SUBDEACON, sub-d[=e]'kn, _n._ a member of the order of the ministry next
below that of deacon, preparing the vessels, &c., at the eucharist.--_ns._
SUBDEA'CONRY, SUBDEA'CONSHIP, SUBDIAC'ONATE.
SUBDEAN, sub-d[=e]n', _n._ an assistant or substitute dean.--_n._
SUBDEAN'ERY.
SUBDENTATE, sub-den't[=a]t, _adj._ imperfectly dentate, having indistinct
teeth.
SUBDERIVATIVE, sub-d[=e]-riv'a-tiv, _n._ a word derived from the
derivative, rather than directly from the primitive word.
SUBDIVIDE, sub-di-v[=i]d', _v.t._ to divide into smaller divisions: to
divide again.--_v.i._ to be subdivided: to separate.--_adj._
SUBDIV[=I]'SIBLE.--_n._ SUBDIVI'SION, the act of subdividing: the part made
by subdividing.--_adjs._ SUBDIVI'SIONAL; SUBDIV[=I]'SIVE.
SUBDOLOUS, sub'd[=o]-lus, _adj._ (_obs._) crafty, subtle.
SUBDOMINANT, sub-dom'i-nant, _n._ (_mus._) the tone next below the
dominant.
SUBDUCT, sub-dukt', _v.t._ to take away, to withdraw--also SUBDUCE'.--_n._
SUBDUC'TION. [L. _sub_, under, _duc[)e]re_, _ductum_, to lead.]
SUBDUE, sub-d[=u]', _v.t._ to conquer: to bring under dominion: to render
submissive: to tame: to soften.--_adj._ SUBD[=U]'ABLE.--_n._ SUBD[=U]'AL,
the act of subduing.--_adj._ SUBDUED', toned down.--_ns._ SUBDUED'NESS;
SUBDUE'MENT (_Shak._), conquests; SUBD[=U]'ER. [O. Fr. _souduire_--L.
_sub_, under, _duc[)e]re_, to lead.]
SUBDUPLE, sub'd[=u]-pl, _adj._ in the ratio of one to two.--_adj._
SUBD[=U]'PLICATE, expressed by the square root.
SUBEDITOR, sub-ed'i-tur, _n._ an under or assistant editor.--_adj._
SUBEDIT[=O]'RIAL.--_n._ SUBED'ITORSHIP.
SUBEQUAL, sub-[=e]k'wal, _adj._ approximately equal.
SUBERIC, s[=u]-b[.e]r'ik, _adj._ relating to, or extracted from,
cork.--_n._ S[=U]'BER[=A]TE, a salt of suberic acid.--_adj._
S[=U]B[=E]'R[=E]OUS.--_ns._ S[=U]'BERINE, the pure cellular tissue of cork;
S[=U]BERIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ S[=U]'BERISE, to render corky.--_adjs._
S[=U]'BEROSE, S[=U]'BEROUS, of the nature of cork, cork-like. [L. _suber_,
the cork-tree.]
SUBEROSE, sub-e-r[=o]s', _adj._ appearing as if somewhat gnawed. [L. _sub_,
under, _erosus_--_e_, out, _rod[)e]re_, _rosum_, to gnaw.]
SUBFAMILY, sub'fam-i-li, _n._ a primary division of a family, of one or
more genera.
SUBFEU, sub-f[=u]', _v.t._ to make subinfeudation of.--_n._
SUBFEUD[=A]'TION=_Subinfeudation_ (q.v.).--_adj._ SUBFEUD'ATORY.
SUBFLAVOUR, sub-fl[=a]'vur, _n._ a secondary flavour.
SUBFLORA, sub'fl[=o]-ra, _n._ a more local flora included within one of
wider range.
SUBFLUVIAL, sub-fl[=oo]'vi-al, _adj._ situated under a stream.
SUBFUSC, SUBFUSK, sub-fusk', _adj._ somewhat dark, dusky, tawny.--Also
SUBFUS'COUS.
SUBGENS, sub-jenz', _n._ the sociological division of a people next below
the gens or clan:--_pl._ SUBGEN'TES.
SUBGENUS, sub-j[=e]'nus, _n._ a primary division of a genus including one
or more species with common characters.--_adj._ SUBGENER'IC.--_adv._
SUBGENER'ICALLY.
SUBGLACIAL, sub-gl[=a]'shal, _adj._ belonging to the under side of a
glacier: under a glacier.
SUBGLOBULAR, sub-glob'[=u]-lar, _adj._ somewhat globular.
SUBGRANULAR, sub-gran'[=u]-lar, _adj._ somewhat granular.
SUBGROUP, sub'gr[=oo]p, _n._ any subordinate group in a classification.
SUBHASTATION, sub-has-t[=a]'shun, _n._ a sale under the lance--a Roman
method of auction. [L. _sub_, under, _hasta_, a lance.]
SUBHUMAN, sub-h[=u]'man, _adj._ next below the human.
SUBIMAGO, sub'i-m[=a]-g[=o], _n._ a stage in the metamorphosis of certain
insects, between the _pupa_ and the _imago_.--Also _Pseudimago_.
SUBINDICATE, sub-in'di-k[=a]t, _v.t._ to indicate by a hint.--_n._
SUBINDIC[=A]'TION.--_adj._ SUBINDIC'[=A]TIVE, suggestive.
SUBINFEUDATION, sub-in-f[=u]-d[=a]'shun, _n._ the right enjoyed by the
inferior lord, in imitation of his superiors, of making similar grants of
portions of his land to others, to be held by them as his vassals.--_adjs._
and _ns._ SUBFEUD'ATORY, SUBINFEUD'ATORY.
SUBINSPECTOR, sub'in-spek-tor, _n._ a subordinate or assistant
inspector.--_n._ SUB'INSPECTORSHIP.
SUBINTRANT, sub-in'trant, _adj._ with paroxysms succeeding one another so
fast as to be almost continuous.
SUBIRRIGATION, sub-ir-i-g[=a]'shun, _n._ irrigation by means of channels
below the surface.
SUBITAMENTE, sub-it-a-men'te, _adv._ (_mus._) suddenly.--Also SUB'ITO.
[It.]
SUBITANEOUS, sub-i-t[=a]'ne-us, _adj._ (_obs._) sudden.--_n._
SUBIT[=A]'NEOUSNESS.
SUBJACENT, sub-j[=a]'sent, _adj._ lying under or below: being in a lower
situation.--_n._ SUBJ[=A]'CENCY. [L. _subjacens_--_sub_, under,
_jac[=e]re_, to lie.]
SUBJECT, sub'jekt, _adj._ under the power of another: liable, prone,
disposed: exposed: subordinate, tributary: subservient.--_n._ one under the
power of another: one under allegiance to a sovereign: that on which any
operation is performed: that which is treated or handled: (_anat._) a dead
body for dissection: a person supposed to be peculiarly sensitive to
hypnotic influence: that which it is the object of the artist to express,
the scheme or idea of a work of art: a picture representing action and
incident: that of which anything is said or of which a discourse treats,
bringing many things under a common head: the mind, regarded as the
thinking power, in contrast with the object, that about which it thinks:
topic: matter, materials: the general plan of any work of art.--_v.t._
SUBJECT', to throw or bring under: to bring under the power of: to make
subordinate or subservient: to subdue: to enslave: to expose or make liable
to: to cause to undergo.--_n._ SUBJEC'TION, the act of subjecting or
subduing: the state of being subject to another.--_adj._ SUBJECT'IVE,
relating to the subject: derived from one's own consciousness: denoting
those states of thought or feeling of which the mind is the conscious
subject--opp. to _Objective_.--_adv._ SUBJECT'IVELY.--_n._
SUBJECT'IVENESS.--_v.t._ SUBJECT'IVISE.--_ns._ SUBJECT'IVISM, a
philosophical doctrine which refers all knowledge to, and founds it upon,
subjective states; SUBJECT'IVIST, one who holds to subjectivism.--_adj._
SUBJECTIVIST'IC.--_adv._ SUBJECTIVIST'ICALLY.--_ns._ SUBJECTIV'ITY, state
of being subjective: that which is treated subjectively; SUB'JECT-MATTER, a
tautological compound for subject, theme, topic; SUB'JECT-OB'JECT, the
immediate object of cognition, or the thought itself; SUB'JECTSHIP, the
state of being subject. [Fr. _sujet_--L. _subjectus_--_sub_, under,
_jac[)e]re_, to throw.]
SUBJOIN, sub-join', _v.t._ to join under: to add at the end or afterwards:
to fix or annex.--_ns._ SUBJOIN'DER, a remark following on another;
SUB'JOINT, a secondary joint.
SUBJUGATE, sub'j[=oo]-g[=a]t, _v.t._ to bring under the yoke: to bring
under power or dominion: to conquer.--_ns._ SUBJUG[=A]'TION;
SUB'JUG[=A]TOR. [L. _sub_, under, _jugum_, a yoke.]
SUBJUNCTIVE, sub-jungk'tiv, _adj._ subjoined: added to something: denoting
that mood of a verb which expresses condition, hypothesis, or
contingency.--_n._ the subjunctive mood. [L. _sub_, under, _jung[)e]re_, to
join.]
SUBKINGDOM, sub-king'dum, _n._ a subordinate kingdom: a division of a
kingdom: a subdivision.
SUBLAPSARIAN, sub-laps-[=a]'ri-an, _adj._ relating to the sublapsarians or
to their doctrines.--_n._ one of a class of moderate Calvinists, who hold
that God merely _permitted_ the fall of Adam, without preordaining
it.--_n._ SUBLAPS[=A]'RIANISM. [L. _sub_, under, _lapsus_, fall.]
SUBLATE, sub-l[=a]t', _v.t._ to deny--opp. to _Posit:_ to remove.--_n._
SUBL[=A]'TION.--_adj._ SUB'L[=A]TIVE.
SUBLEASE, sub-l[=e]s', _n._ an under-lease or lease by a tenant to
another.--_n._ SUB'LESSEE, the holder of a sublease.
SUBLET, sub-let', _v.t._ to under-let or lease, as by one himself a tenant
to another.
SUBLEVATE, sub'l[=e]-v[=a]t, _v.t._ to raise, excite--also
SOL'LEVATE.--_n._ SUBL[=E]V[=A]'TION. [L. _sublev[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to
lift up.]
SUBLIBRARIAN, sub-l[=i]b-r[=a]'ri-an, _n._ one who acts as an assistant to
a librarian.
SUBLIEUTENANT, sub-lef-ten'ant, _n._ formerly mate, or passed midshipman,
the intermediate rank in the navy between midshipman and
lieutenant.--SECOND LIEUTENANT, the rank given to officers on first joining
the army, corresponding to the former _Cornet_ and _Ensign_.
SUBLIMATE, sub'lim-[=a]t, _v.t._ to elevate: to refine and exalt: to purify
by raising by heat into vapour which again becomes solid.--_n._ the product
of sublimation.--_adj._ SUBL[=I]'MABLE.--_n._ SUBLIM[=A]'TION, the act of
purifying by raising into vapour by heat and condensing by cold: elevation:
exaltation.--_adj._ SUB'LIM[=A]TORY.--_n._ a vessel used in sublimation.
[L. _sublim[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to lift up.]
SUBLIME, sub-l[=i]m', _adj._ high: lofty: majestic: awakening feelings of
awe or veneration.--_n._ that which is sublime: the lofty or grand in
thought or style (THE SUBLIME): the emotion produced by sublime
objects.--_v.t._ to exalt: to dignify, to ennoble: to improve: to purify,
to bring to a state of vapour by heat and condense again by cold.--_v.i._
to be sublimed or sublimated.--_adv._ SUBLIME'LY, in a sublime manner:
loftily: with elevated conceptions.--_ns._ SUBLIME'NESS, SUBLIM'ITY,
loftiness: elevation: grandeur: loftiness of thought or style: nobleness of
nature or character: excellence. [L. _sublimis_, high, ety. dub.; perh.
_sub-limen_, up to the lintel.]
SUBLIMINAL, sub-lim'i-nal, _adj._ beneath the level of consciousness,
latent. [L. _sub_, under, _limen_, _liminis_, the door.]
SUBLINEATION, sub-lin-e-[=a]'shun, _n._ an underlining, as of a word or
words.
SUBLINGUAL, sub-ling'gwal, _adj._ under the tongue.
SUBLITTORAL, sub-lit'[=o]-ral, _adj._ being under the shore.
SUBLUNAR, sub-l[=u]'nar, _adj._ under the moon: earthly: belonging to this
world--also SUB'LUNARY.--_adj._ SUBL[=U]'NATE, approaching the form of a
crescent.
SUBMAMMARY, sub-mam'a-ri, _adj._ situated under the mammæ or paps.
SUBMARGINAL, sub-mar'ji-nal, _adj._ situated near the margin.
SUBMARINE, sub-ma-r[=e]n', _adj._ under, or in, the sea.--SUBMARINE BOAT,
one capable of being propelled under water, esp. for carrying and firing
torpedoes.--SUBMARINE MINE, a mass of explosives sunk in the sea.
SUBMAXILLARY, sub-mak'si-l[=a]-ri, _adj._ under the jaw.
SUBMEDIAN, sub-m[=e]'di-an, _adj._ near the middle.
SUBMENTAL, sub-men'tal, _adj._ under the chin. [L. _sub_, under, _mentum_,
the chin.]
SUBMERGE, sub-m[.e]rj', SUBMERSE, sub-m[.e]rs', _v.t._ to plunge under
water: to overflow with water: to drown.--_v.i._ to sink under
water.--_ns._ SUBMERG'ENCE, SUBMER'SION.--_adjs._ SUBMERGED', SUBMERSED',
being or growing under water. [L. _submerg[)e]re_, _-mersum_--_sub_, under,
_merg[)e]re_, to plunge.]
SUBMIT, sub-mit', _v.t._ to refer to the judgment of another: to surrender
to another.--_v.i._ to yield one's self to another: to surrender: to yield
one's opinion: to be subject:--_pr.p._ submit'ting; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._
submit'ted.--_adj._ SUBMISS' (_Milt._), cast down, prostrate.--_n._
SUBMIS'SION, act of submitting or yielding: acknowledgment of inferiority
or of a fault: humble behaviour: resignation.--_adj._ SUBMIS'SIVE, willing
or ready to submit: yielding: humble: obedient.--_adv._ SUBMIS'SIVELY,
humbly--(_obs._) SUBMISS'LY.--_n._ SUBMIS'SIVENESS. [L.
_submitt[)e]re_--_sub_, under, _mitt[)e]re_, _missum_, to send.]
SUBMONTANE, sub-mon't[=a]n, _adj._ situated at the foot of a mountain or
range.
SUBMULTIPLE, sub-mul'ti-pl, _n._ a number or quantity which is contained in
another an exact number of times, an aliquot part.
SUBMUNDANE, sub-mun'd[=a]n, _adj._ situated beneath the ground.
SUBMUSCULAR, sub-mus'k[=u]-lar, _adj._ under the muscles.
SUBNASAL, sub-n[=a]'sal, _adj._ situated below the nose.
SUBNASCENT, sub-nas'ent, _adj._ growing underneath.
SUBNATURAL, sub-nat'[=u]-ral, _adj._ below nature, infranatural.
SUBNEURAL, sub-n[=u]'ral, _adj._ situated beneath a main neural axis or
nervous cord.
SUBNIVEAN, sub-n[=i]'v[=e]-an, _adj._ situated under the snow.
SUBNODAL, sub-n[=o]'dal, _adj._ situated beneath the nodus.
SUBNORMAL, sub-nor'mal, _adj._ less than normal.--_n._ SUBNORMAL'ITY.
SUBNUBILAR, sub-n[=u]'bi-lar, _adj._ situated under the clouds.
SUBNUVOLAR, sub-n[=u]'v[=o]-lar, _adj._ partially clouded.
SUBOBSCURE, sub-ob-sk[=u]r', _adj._ somewhat obscure.--_adv._
SUBOBSCURE'LY.
SUBOCCIPITAL, sub-ok-sip'i-tal, _adj._ situated behind the occiput, or on
the under surface of the occipital lobe of the brain.
SUBOCELLATE, sub-os'el-[=a]t, _adj._ somewhat like an ocellus.
SUBOCTAVE, sub'ok-t[=a]v, _adj._ existing in the proportion of 1 to
8.--_n._ an eighth part: (_mus._) the octave below a given tone.
SUBOCTUPLE, sub-ok't[=u]-pl, _adj._ containing one part of 8.
SUBOCULAR, sub-ok'[=u]-lar, _adj._ situated under the eye, suboptic.
SUBOPERCULUM, sub-[=o]-per'k[=u]-lum, _n._ a bone of the gill-cover below
and partly behind the operculum.--_adj._ SUBOPER'CULAR.
SUBORBITAL, sub-or'bi-tal, _adj._ situated below the orbit of the eye.
SUBORDER, sub-or'd[.e]r, _n._ a subdivision in an order.--_adj._
SUBOR'DINAL.
SUBORDINARY, sub-or'di-n[=a]-ri, _n._ (_her._) one of a class of armorial
charges less honourable than the ordinaries--the _bordure_, _orle_, _bend
sinister_, &c.
SUBORDINATE, sub-or'di-n[=a]t, _adj._ lower in order, rank, nature, power,
&c.: descending in a regular series.--_n._ one in a lower order or rank: an
inferior.--_v.t._ to place in a lower order: to consider of less value: to
make subject.--_ns._ SUBOR'DINACY, SUBOR'DINANCE, the state of being
subordinate.--_adv._ SUBOR'DINATELY.--_ns._ SUBOR'DINATENESS;
SUBORDIN[=A]'TION, act of subordinating or placing in a lower order: state
of being subordinate: inferiority of rank or position;
SUBORDIN[=A]'TIONISM, the doctrine of the inferiority of the second and
third Persons of the Trinity to the first.--_adj._ SUBOR'DIN[=A]TIVE,
tending to, or expressing, subordination. [L. _sub_, under, _ordo_,
_ordinis_, order.]
SUBORN, sub-orn', _v.t._ to cause to commit a perjury: to procure
indirectly.--_ns._ SUBORN[=A]'TION, act of causing a person to take a false
oath: crime of procuring any one to do a bad action; SUBORN'ER. [L.
_suborn[=a]re_--_sub_, under, _orn[=a]re_, to adorn.]
SUBOVATE, sub-[=o]'v[=a]t, _adj._ almost ovate.
SUBPANATION, sub-p[=a]-n[=a]'shun, _n._ the doctrine that the body and
blood of Christ are locally and materially present in the eucharist under
the form of bread and wine. [L. _sub_, under, _panis_, bread.]
SUBPERITONEAL, sub-per-i-t[=o]-n[=e]'al, _adj._ situated under the
peritoneum.
SUBPERMANENT, sub-per'ma-nent, _adj._ somewhat permanent.
SUBPOENA, SUBPENA, sub-p[=e]'na, _n._ a writ commanding the attendance of a
person in court under a penalty.--_v.t._ to serve with a writ of subpoena.
[L. _sub_, under, _poena_, punishment.]
SUBPOLAR, sub-p[=o]'lar, _adj._ under or below the poles of the earth.
SUBPREFECT, sub-pr[=e]'fekt, _n._ an assistant or deputy-prefect, esp. the
official in France charged with the administration of the arrondissement
under the prefect of the department.--_n._ SUB'PR[=E]FECTURE, the office or
jurisdiction of a subprefect.
SUBPRIOR, sub'pr[=i]-or, _n._ the vicegerent, deputy, or assistant of a
prior.
SUBPROVINCE, sub'prov-ins, _n._ a prime division of a province: in
zoogeography, a division subordinate to a subregion.
SUBPUBIC, sub-p[=u]'bik, _adj._ situated below the pubis.
SUBREGION, sub'r[=e]-jun, _n._ a subdivision of a region, esp. of fauna in
zoogeography.--_adj._ SUBR[=E]'GIONAL.
SUBREPTION, sub-rep'shun, _n._ a procuring of some advantage by fraudulent
concealment, esp. in Scots law, the gaining of a gift of escheat by
concealing the truth: false inference due to misrepresentation.--_adj._
SUBREP'TIVE, surreptitious, noting conceptions arising out of obscure and
unconscious suggestions of experience.
SUBROGATION, sub-r[=o]-g[=a]'shun, _n._ the succession or substitution of
one person or thing by or for another, in regard to a legal claim, &c.
SUBSACRAL, sub-s[=a]'kral, _adj._ situated on the anterior or ventral
surface of the sacrum.
SUBSCAPULAR, sub-skap'[=u]-lar, _adj._ beneath the scapula.--_n._ a
subscapular vessel or nerve.
SUBSCRIBE, sub-skr[=i]b', _v.t._ to write underneath: to give consent to
something written, or to attest, by writing one's name underneath: to sign
one's name: to promise to give or pay, or to take, as a copy of a book, by
attaching one's name: to attest by attaching one's signature.--_v.i._ to
promise a certain sum by setting one's name to a paper: to enter one's name
for anything.--_adj._ SUBSCR[=I]B'ABLE, capable of being subscribed.--_n._
SUBSCR[=I]B'ER.--_adj._ SUB'SCRIPT, written underneath.--_n._
SUBSCRIP'TION, act of subscribing: a name subscribed: a paper with
signatures: consent by signature: sum subscribed. [L.
_subscrib[)e]re_--_sub_, under, _scrib[)e]re_, _scriptum_, to write.]
SUBSECIVE, sub's[=e]-siv, _adj._ left over, remaining, extra. [L.
_subsecivus_--_sub_, under, _sec[=a]re_, to cut.]
SUBSECTION, sub-sek'shun, _n._ an under section or division: a subdivision.
SUBSENSATION, sub'sen-s[=a]-shun, _n._ a minor sensation.
SUBSENSIBLE, sub-sen'si-bl, _adj._ beyond the range of the senses.
SUBSEQUENT, sub's[=e]-kwent, _adj._ following or coming after.--_ns._
SUB'SEQUENCE, SUB'SEQUENCY, state of being subsequent.--_adv._
SUB'SEQUENTLY. [L. _subsequens_, _-entis_, pr.p. of _subsequi_--_sub_,
under, after, _sequi_, to follow.]
SUBSEROUS, sub-s[=e]'rus, _adj._ somewhat serous or watery: below a serous
membrane.
SUBSERVE, sub-s[.e]rv', _v.t._ to serve subordinately or instrumentally: to
help forward.--_ns._ SUBSER'VIENCE, SUBSER'VIENCY, state of being
subservient: anything that promotes some purpose.--_adj._ SUBSER'VIENT,
subserving: serving to promote: subject: submissive.--_adv._
SUBSER'VIENTLY. [L. _subserv[=i]re_--_sub_, under, _serv[=i]re_, to serve.]
SUBSESSILE, sub-ses'il, _adj._ not quite sessile.
SUBSIDE, sub-s[=i]d', _v.i._ to settle down: to settle at the bottom: to
fall into a state of quiet: to sink to a lower level: (_coll._) to cease
talking, to take a less prominent place.--_ns._ SUBS[=I]'DENCE (also
SUB'SIDENCE), SUBS[=I]'DENCY, act or process of subsiding, settling, or
sinking. [L. _subsid[)e]re_--_sub_, down, _sid[)e]re_, to settle.]
SUBSIDY, sub'si-di, _n._ assistance: aid in money: a sum of money paid by
one state to another for assistance in war.--_adv._ SUBSID'IARILY.--_adj._
SUBSID'IARY, furnishing a subsidy, help, or additional supplies:
aiding.--_n._ one who, or that which, aids or supplies: an
assistant.--_v.t._ SUB'SID[=I]SE, to furnish with a subsidy, grant, or
regular allowance: to purchase the aid of, to buy over.--SUBSIDIARY TROOPS,
mercenaries. [Fr.,--L. _subsidium_, orig. troops stationed behind in
reserve, aid--_sub_, under, _sid[)e]re_, to settle.]
SUBSIMIOUS, sub-sim'i-us, _adj._ almost monkey-like.
SUBSIST, sub-sist', _v.i._ to have existence: to remain, continue, inhere:
to have the means of living.--_n._ SUBSIST'ENCE, state of being subsistent:
real being: means of supporting life: livelihood.--_adjs._ SUBSIST'ENT,
subsisting: having real being: inherent; SUBSISTEN'TIAL.--_n._ SUBSIST'ER.
[Fr.,--L. _subsist[)e]re_, to stand still--_sub_, under, _sist[)e]re_, to
stand.]
SUBSOIL, sub'soil, _n._ the under soil: the bed or stratum of earth which
lies immediately beneath the surface soil.--_v.t._ to turn up the subsoil
of.--_n._ SUB'SOILER.
SUBSPECIES, sub-sp[=e]'sh[=e]z, _n._ a division of a species, a
geographical variety.--_adj._ SUBSPECIF'IC.--_adv._ SUBSPECIF'ICALLY.
SUBSPHERICAL, sub-sfer'i-kal, _adj._ not perfectly spherical.--_adv._
SUBSPHER'ICALLY.
SUBSPINOUS, sub-sp[=i]'nus, _adj._ somewhat spinous: under the spinal
column, or a spinous process.
SUBSPIRAL, sub-sp[=i]'ral, _adj._ somewhat spiral: indistinctly marked with
a spiral line.
SUBSTAGE, sub'st[=a]j, _n._ an attachment below the stage of the compound
microscope, to support the achromatic condenser, &c.
SUBSTANCE, sub'stans, _n._ that in which qualities or attributes exist, the
existence to which qualities belong: that which constitutes anything what
it is: the essential part: body: matter: property: foundation, ground,
confidence. [L. _substantia_--_subst[=a]re_, to stand under--_sub_, under,
_st[=a]re_, to stand.]
SUBSTANTIAL, sub-stan'shal, _adj._ belonging to or having substance:
actually existing: real: solid: having substance or strength: lasting,
likely to be permanent: strong, stout, bulky: corporeal, material: having
property or estate: considerable, pretty wealthy: conforming to what is
essential: involving the essential rights or merits of.--_v.t._
SUBSTAN'TIAL[=I]SE, to give reality to.--_ns._ SUBSTAN'TIALISM, the theory
that there is a real existence or substratum underlying the phenomena of
consciousness; SUBSTANTIAL'ITY.--_adv._ SUBSTAN'TIALLY.--_n._
SUBSTAN'TIALNESS.--_n.pl._ SUBSTAN'TIALS, essential parts.--_v.t._
SUBSTAN'TI[=A]TE, to make substantial: to prove or confirm.--_n._
SUBSTANTI[=A]'TION.--_adjs._ SUBSTANT[=I]'VAL; SUB'STANTIVE, expressing
existence: real: of real, independent importance.--_n._ (_gram._) the part
of speech denoting something that exists: a noun.--_adv._
SUB'STANTIVELY.--_n._ SUB'STANTIVENESS.--_v.t._ SUB'STANTIVISE. [Fr.
_substantiel_--L. _substantialis_--_substantia_.]
SUBSTATION, sub-st[=a]'shun, _n._ a subordinate station.
SUBSTERNAL, sub-ster'nal, _adj._ situated beneath the sternum.
SUBSTITUTE, sub'sti-t[=u]t, _v.t._ to put in place of another.--_n._ one
who, or that which, is put in place of another.--_adj._ put instead of
another.--_n._ SUBSTIT[=U]'TION, act of substituting or putting in place of
another: (_Shak._) the office of a substitute: the use of one word for
another, syllepsis: (_alg._) the replacing one quantity by another which is
equal to it but differently expressed: (_chem._) the replacement of one or
more equivalents of a body by a like number of equivalents of
another.--_adjs._ SUBSTIT[=U]'TIONAL, SUBSTIT[=U]'TIONARY.--_adv._
SUBSTIT[=U]'TIONALLY.--_adj._ SUB'STIT[=U]TIVE. [L. _substitu[)e]re_,
_-[=u]tum_--_sub_, under, _statu[)e]re_, to set.]
SUBSTRACTOR, subs-trakt'or, _n._ (_Shak._) a detractor.
SUBSTRATUM, sub-str[=a]'tum, _n._ an under stratum or layer, a fundamental
element: the substance in which qualities exist.
SUBSTRUCTURE, sub'struk-t[=u]r, _n._ an under structure or building:
foundation.--_v.t._ SUBSTRUCT', to build beneath.--_n._
SUBSTRUC'TION.--_adj._ SUBSTRUC'TURAL.
SUBSTYLE, sub'st[=i]l, _n._ the right line on which the style or gnomon of
a dial is erected.--_adj._ SUB'STYLAR.
SUBSULPHATE, sub-sul'f[=a]t, _n._ a basic sulphide.
SUBSULTIVE, sub-sul'tiv, _adj._ bounding, moving by sudden leaps or starts,
or by twitches.--_adv._ SUBSUL'TORILY.--_n._ SUBSUL'TUS, a convulsive
movement.
SUBSUME, sub-s[=u]m', _v.t._ to place any one cognition under another as
belonging to it, as 'All horses are animals'--the minor premise is a
SUBSUMP'TION under the major.--_adj._ SUBSUMP'TIVE.
SUBSURFACE, sub'sur-f[=a]s, _adj._ below the surface.
SUBTACK, sub'tak, _n._ an under-lease in Scotland.
SUBTANGENT, sub'tan-jent, _n._ (_geom._) the part of the axis of a curve
contained between the tangent and the ordinate.
SUBTEMPERATE, sub-tem'p[.e]r-[=a]t, _adj._ pertaining to the colder parts
of the temperate zone.
SUBTENANT, sub-ten'ant, _n._ a tenant who hires or leases from one who is
also a tenant.--_n._ SUBTEN'ANCY.
SUBTEND, sub-tend', _v.t._ to extend under or be opposite to.--_n._
SUBTENSE' (_geom._), a line subtending or stretching across.
SUBTEPID, sub-tep'id, _adj._ slightly tepid.
SUBTERFUGE, sub't[.e]r-f[=u]j, _n._ that to which one resorts for escape or
concealment: an artifice to escape censure or the force of an argument:
evasion. [Fr.,--L. _subterfug[)e]re_--_subter_, under, _fug[)e]re_, to
flee.]
SUBTERNATURAL, sub-t[.e]r-nat'[=u]-ral, _adj._ less than, or below, the
natural.
SUBTERPOSITION, sub-t[.e]r-p[=o]-zish'un, _n._ the state of lying under
something else.
SUBTERRANEAN, sub-te-r[=a]'n[=e]-an, _adj._ under the earth or ground--also
SUBTERR[=A]'NEOUS, SUBTERR[=E]NE', SUBTERRES'TRIAL.--_adv._
SUBTERR[=A]'NEOUSLY. [L. _sub_, under, _terra_, the earth.]
SUBTHORACIC, sub-th[=o]-ras'ik, _adj._ situated below the thorax: nearly
thoracic in position.
SUBTIL, SUBTILLY. See SUBTLE.
SUBTILE, sub'til, _adj._ delicately constructed: fine: thin or rare:
piercing: shrewd.--_adv._ SUB'TILELY.--_ns._ SUB'TILENESS;
SUBTILIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ SUB'TILISE, to make subtile, thin, or rare: to
spin into niceties.--_v.i._ to make nice distinctions: to refine in
argument.--_ns._ SUB'TILISM, the quality of being subtile; SUB'TILTY, state
or quality of being subtile: fineness: extreme acuteness: cunning. [L.
_subtilis_--_sub_, under, _tela_, a web.]
SUBTITLE, sub't[=i]-tl, _n._ an additional or second title to a book, a
half-title.
SUBTLE, sut'l (_B._ SUB'TIL), _adj._ subtile in a figurative sense: acute,
quick to discern or discriminate: insinuating, sly, artful: cunningly
devised, ingenious.--_ns._ SUBT'LENESS, SUBT'LETY, quality of being subtle:
artfulness: shrewdness: extreme acuteness.--_adj._ SUBT'LE-WIT'TED,
sharp-witted.--_adv._ SUBT'LY (_B._ SUB'TILLY), ingeniously, cleverly:
artfully, deceitfully. [Contr. of _subtile_.]
SUBTONIC, sub'ton-ik, _n._ (_mus._) the seventh of the scale.
SUBTORRID, sub-tor'id, _adj._ approximately torrid.
SUBTRACT, sub-trakt', _v.t._ to take away a part from the rest: to take one
number or quantity from another to find their difference.--_ns._
SUBTRAC'TER; SUBTRAC'TION, the act or operation of subtracting: the taking
a less number or quantity from a greater.--_adj._ SUBTRACT'IVE,
subtracting: tending to subtract or lessen.--_n._ SUB'TRAHEND, the sum or
number to be subtracted from another. [L. _sub_, under, _trah[)e]re_,
_tractum_, to draw away.]
SUBTRIANGULAR, sub-tr[=i]-ang'g[=u]-lar, _adj._ somewhat triangular.
SUBTRIBE, sub'tr[=i]b, _n._ a section or division of a tribe.--_adj._
SUB'TR[=I]BAL.
SUBTRIPLICATE, sub-trip'li-k[=a]t, _adj._ expressed by the cube root.
SUBTRIST, sub-trist', _adj._ somewhat sad.
SUBTROPICAL, sub-trop'i-kal, _adj._ approaching the tropical or torrid zone
in temperature: bordering on tropical regions.--Also SUBTROP'IC.
SUBTYPE, sub't[=i]p, _n._ a type included in another and more general
one.--_adj._ SUBTYP'ICAL.
SUBUCULA, s[=u]-buk'[=u]-la, _n._ a man's under-garment or shirt: in the
early English church, a kind of cassock worn under the alb.
SUBULATE, s[=u]'b[=u]-l[=a]t, _adj._ awl-shaped.--Also S[=U]'B[=U]L[=A]TED,
S[=U]'B[=U]LIFORM. [L. _subula_, an awl.]
SUBULICORN, s[=u]'b[=u]-li-korn, _adj._ with subulate antennæ.--_n.pl._
S[=U]B[=U]LICOR'NIA, a division of neuroptera, including dragon-flies,
May-flies, &c.
SUBUNGULATE, sub-ung'g[=u]-l[=a]t, _adj._ hoofed, but with several
digits.--_n._ a member of the Subungulata, as the elephant or the
hyrax.--_n.pl._ SUBUNG[=U]L[=A]'TA, a division of hoofed mammals, esp.
those having the carpal bones primitive.
SUBURB, sub'urb, SUBURBS, sub'urbz, _n._ the district which is near but
beyond the walls of a city: the confines, outskirts.--_adj._ SUBUR'BAN,
situated or living in the suburbs.--_n._ one living in a suburb.--_n._
SUBUR'BANISM, the state of being suburban.--_adj._ SUBURBIC[=A]'RIAN, being
near the city, esp. of the provinces of Italy forming the ancient diocese
of Rome. [L. _suburbium_--_sub_, under, near, _urbs_, a city.]
SUBURSINE, sub-ur's[=i]n, _adj._ somewhat bear-like.
SUBVARIETY, sub-va-r[=i]'e-ti, _n._ a subordinate variety.
SUBVENE, sub-v[=e]n', _v.i._ to occur so as to effect a result.--_n._
SUBVEN'TION, act of coming to relief, support: a government aid or subsidy.
[L. _sub_, under, _ven[=i]re_, _ventum_, to come.]
SUBVERSE, sub-v[.e]rs', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to subvert.
SUBVERT, sub-v[.e]rt', _v.t._ to turn upside down: to overthrow from the
foundation: to ruin utterly: to corrupt.--_n._ SUBVER'SION, act of
subverting or overthrowing from the foundation: entire overthrow:
ruin.--_adjs._ SUBVER'SIONARY, SUBVER'SIVE, tending to subvert, overthrow,
or destroy.--_p.adj._ SUBVERST' (_Spens._), subverted, overturned.--_n._
SUBVERT'ER.--_adj._ SUBVERT'IBLE. [L. _sub_, under, _vert[)e]re_, versum,
to turn.]
SUBVERTEBRAL, sub-v[.e]r't[=e]-bral, _adj._ placed under a vertebra.
SUBVERTICAL, sub-v[.e]r'ti-kal, _adj._ almost vertical.
SUBVIRATE, sub'vi-r[=a]t, _n._ one of stunted or imperfectly developed
manhood.
SUBVITALISED, sub-v[=i]'tal-[=i]zd, _p.adj._ deficient in vitality.
SUBVITREOUS, sub-vit'r[=e]-us, _adj._ partly vitreous or imperfectly so.
SUBWAY, sub'w[=a], _n._ an underground way for traffic under railways, &c.,
or for water-pipes, gas-pipes, sewers, &c.
SUBZONAL, sub-z[=o]'nal, _adj._ somewhat zonal: lying below a zone or
girdle.
SUCCADE, suk-k[=a]d' _n._ candied fruit.
SUCCEDANEOUS, suk-s[=e]-d[=a]'ne-us, _adj._ acting as a succedaneum:
supplying the place of something else: being a substitute.--_n._
SUCCED[=A]'NEUM, one who, or that which, comes in the place of another; a
substitute. [L. _succedaneus_--_succed[)e]re_.]
SUCCEED, suk-s[=e]d', _v.t._ to come after, to follow up or in order: to
follow: to take the place of.--_v.i._ to follow in order: to take the place
of: to obtain one's wish or accomplish what is attempted: to end with
advantage.--_adjs._ SUCCEED'ABLE, capable of success; SUCCEED'ANT (_her._),
following one another.--_ns._ SUCCEED'ER, one who succeeds: a successor;
SUCCESS', act of succeeding or state of having succeeded: the prosperous
termination of anything attempted: one who, or that which, succeeds, a
successful person or affair.--_adj._ SUCCESS'FUL, resulting in success:
having the desired effect or termination: prosperous.--_adv._
SUCCESS'FULLY.--_ns._ SUCCESS'FULNESS, state of being successful: success;
SUCCES'SION, act of succeeding or following after: series of persons or
things following each other in time or place: series of descendants: race:
(_agri._) rotation, as of crops: right to take possession: in Roman and
Scots law, the taking of property by one person in place of
another.--_adj._ SUCCES'SIONAL, existing in a regular succession or in
order.--_adv._ SUCCES'SIONALLY.--_n._ SUCCES'SIONIST, one who regards only
that priesthood as valid which can be traced in a direct line of succession
from the apostles.--_adj._ SUCCES'SIVE, following in succession or in
order.--_adv._ SUCCES'SIVELY.--_n._ SUCCES'SIVENESS.--_adj._ SUCCESS'LESS,
without success: unprosperous.--_ns._ SUCCES'SOR, one who succeeds or comes
after: one who takes the place of another; SUCCES'SORSHIP.--_adj._
SUCCES'SORY.--SUCCESSION DUTY, a tax imposed on any succession to property,
varying with the degree of relationship.--APOSTOLICAL SUCCESSION (see
APOSTLE). [L. _succed[)e]re_--_sub_, up, _ced[)e]re_, to go.]
SUCCENTOR, suk-sen'tor, _n._ a subcantor: the bass soloist in a choir. [L.
_succin[)e]re_--_sub_, under, _can[)e]re_, to sing.]
SUCCIDUOUS, suk-sid'[=u]-us, _adj._ on the point of falling.
[L.,--_succid[)e]re_--_sub_, under, _cad[)e]re_, to fall.]
SUCCIFEROUS, suk-sif'e-rus, _adj._ producing sap. [L. _succus_, juice,
_ferre_, to bear.]
SUCCIN, suk'sin, _n._ amber.--_n._ SUC'CINATE, a salt of succinic
acid.--_adj._ SUCCIN'IC, of, relating to, or drawn from amber.--_n._
SUC'CINITE, amber.--_adj._ SUC'CINOUS, pertaining to amber.--SUCCINIC ACID,
a natural constituent of amber, pine-resins, leaves of lettuce, and
wormwood, &c. [L. _succinum_, amber.]
SUCCINCT, suk-singkt', _adj._ short: concise.--_adv._ SUCCINCT'LY.--_ns._
SUCCINCT'NESS; SUCCINCT[=O]'RIUM, a band embroidered with an Agnus Dei,
worn hanging from the girdle by the pope on some occasions. [L.
_succinctus_--_sub_, up, _cing[)e]re_, to gird.]
SUCCIVOROUS, suk-siv'[=o]-rus, _adj._ feeding on the sap of plants.--_adj._
SUCCOSE (suk'[=o]s), full of juice.
SUCCORY, suk'or-i, _n._ a form of chicory.
SUCCOTASH, suk'o-tash, _n._ a dish consisting of a stew of green Indian
corn and beans. [Amer. Ind.]
SUCCOUR, suk'ur, _v.t._ to assist: to relieve.--_n._ aid: relief.--_n._
SUCC'OURER.--_adj._ SUCC'OURLESS, destitute of succour. [L.
_succurr[)e]re_, to run up to--_sub_, up, _curr[)e]re_, to run.]
SUCCUBUS, suk'[=u]-bus, _n._ a demon in female form who consorts with men
in their sleep--also SUCC'UBA.--_v.t._ SUCC'UB[=A]TE, to have carnal
knowledge of a man by this means.--_adj._ SUCC'UBINE, pertaining to a
succubus. [L. _succuba_, a whore, _succumb[)e]re_, to lie down.]
SUCCULENT, suk'[=u]-lent, _adj._ full of juice or moisture: not dry or
barren.--_ns._ SUCC'[=U]LENCE, SUCC'[=U]LENCY.--_adv._ SUCC'[=U]LENTLY. [L.
_succulentus_--_succus_, juice--_sug[)e]re_, to suck.]
SUCCUMB, suk-kum', _v.i._ to lie down under: to sink under: to yield, to
submit, to die. [L. _sub_, under, _cumb[)e]re_, to lie down.]
SUCCURSAL, suk-ur'sal, _adj._ subsidiary, of the relation of a minor church
to a cathedral, &c.
SUCCUS, suk'us, _n._ a fluid secretion, expressed juice.
SUCCUSSIVE, suk-kus'iv, _adj._ characterised by a shaking motion, as that
of an earthquake.--_v.t._ SUCCUSS', to shake suddenly.--_ns._
SUCCUSS[=A]'TION, a shaking; SUCCUS'SION, a shaking, a shock: a shaking of
the thorax to detect pleural effusion. [L. _succut[)e]re_, _succussum_, to
shake below--_sub_, under, _quat[)e]re_, to shake.]
SUCH, such, _adj._ of the like kind: of that quality or character
mentioned.--_pron._ denoting a particular person or thing, as in such and
such.--_adv._ SUCH'WISE, in such a manner.--SUCH AND SUCH, SUCH OR SUCH,
this or that, some, indefinitely; SUCH LIKE (_B._)=_Such_. [A.S. _swylc_,
from _swa_, so, and _líc_, like, cog. with Goth. _swaleiks_.]
SUCK, suk, _v.t._ to draw in with the mouth: to draw milk from with the
mouth: to imbibe: to drain.--_v.i._ to draw with the mouth: to draw the
breast: to draw in.--_n._ act of sucking: milk drawn from the breast:
(_slang_) a short drink, esp. a dram of spirits.--_n._ SUCK'ER, one who, or
that which, sucks, a sucking-pig: one of various kinds of fish: the organ
by which an animal adheres to other bodies: the piston of a suction-pump: a
shoot rising from a subterranean stem: a leather disc to the middle of
which a string is attached, used by children as a toy: a parasite, toady,
sponge: a hard drinker: (_U.S._) a native of Illinois.--_v.t._ to strip off
suckers from: to provide with suckers.--_n._ SUCK'ET, a sugar-plum.--_adj._
SUCK'ING, still nourished by milk: young and inexperienced.--_ns._
SUCK'ING-BOT'TLE, a bottle of milk used for infants as a substitute for the
breast; SUCK'ING-FISH, a name sometimes given to the _Remora_ or
_Echineis_, which has a dorsal sucker, and to other fishes which have a
sucker formed by the union of the ventral fins, as the _Lumpsucker_.--SUCK
IN, to draw in, imbibe, absorb (_n._ a fraud); SUCK OUT, to draw out with
the mouth; SUCK THE MONKEY (see MONKEY); SUCK UP, to draw up into the
mouth. [A.S. _súcan_, _súgan_; Ger. _saugen_.]
SUCKEN, suk'n, _n._ (_Scots law_) the district round a mill, the tenants
farming which must grind their corn therein.--_n._ SUCK'ENER, a tenant so
bound. [_Soken_.]
SUCKLE, suk'l, _v.t._ to give suck to: to nurse at the breast.--_n._
SUCK'LER, a mammal that suckles its young, a suckling.--_n.pl._ SUCK'LERS,
red clover.--_n._ SUCK'LING, a young child or animal being nursed at the
breast.--_adj._ sucking. [Dim. of _suck_.]
SUCROSE, s[=u]'kr[=o]s, _n._ the white crystalline compound known variously
as _cane-sugar_, _beet-sugar_, _maple-sugar_.
SUCTION, suk'shun, _n._ act or power of sucking: act of drawing, as fluids,
by exhausting the air.--_n._ SUC'TION-PUMP, the common house-pump--not the
force-pump.--_adj._ SUCT[=O]'RIAL, adapted for sucking: living by
sucking--also SUCT[=O]'RIOUS.
SUDAMINA, s[=u]-dam'i-na, _n.pl._ also called _Military eruption_, one of
the vesicular diseases of the skin almost always occurring in association
with febrile disorders, particularly acute rheumatism.--_adj._ SUDAM'INAL.
[L. _sud[=a]re_, to sweat.]
SUDATORY, s[=u]'da-tor-i, _adj._ sweating.--_n._ a sweating-bath.--_ns._
S[=U]D[=A]'RIUM, a cloth for wiping off sweat, esp. that of St Veronica on
which the features of Jesus on His way to the Cross were miraculously
impressed--also S[=U]'DARY; S[=U]D[=A]'TION, excessive sweating;
S[=U]DAT[=O]'RIUM, a sweating-bath. [L. _sudatorius_--_sud[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_.]
SUDDEN, sud'en, _adj._ unexpected: hasty: abrupt.--_adv._ SUD'DENLY.--_n._
SUD'DENNESS, (_Scot._) SUD'DENTY.--ON A SUDDEN, Of a sudden, suddenly,
sooner than was expected. [O. Fr. _sodain_--L. _subitaneus_,
sudden--_subitus_, coming stealthily--_sub_, up, _[=i]re_, _[=i]tum_, to
go.]