SOLUS, s[=o]'lus, _adj._ alone, in dramatic directions--feminine form
S[=O]'LA. [L., alone.]
SOLUTION, sol-[=u]'shun, _n._ act of solving or dissolving, esp. a solid by
a fluid: the separating of the parts of any body: the preparation resulting
from dissolving a solid in a liquid: explanation: removal of a doubt:
construction or solving of a problem: the crisis of a disease.--_adj._
SOL[=U]TE', loose, free: merry, cheerful: (_bot._) not adhering.--_v.t._
(_Bacon_) to dissolve.--_adj._ SOL'[=U]TIVE, tending to dissolve:
loosening.--SOLUTION OF CONTINUITY (_surg._), the separation of parts
normally continuous, by fracture, &c. [L. _solutio_--_solv[)e]re_,
_solutum_, to loosen.]
SOLVE, solv, _v.t._ to loosen or separate the parts of: to clear up or
explain: to remove.--_ns._ SOLVABIL'ITY, SOL'VABLENESS, capacity of being
solved.--_adj._ SOL'VABLE, capable of being solved or explained: capable of
being paid.--_n._ SOL'VENCY, state of being solvent, or able to pay all
debts.--_adj._ SOL'VENT, having power to solve or dissolve: able to pay all
debts.--_n._ anything that dissolves another.--_n._ SOL'VER, one who
solves. [O. Fr. _solver_--L. _solv[)e]re_, to loosen, prob. from _se-_,
aside, _lu[)e]re_, to loosen.]
SOMA, s[=o]'ma, _n._ a certain plant, most prob. of the milkweed family,
and its juice used for the preparation of an intoxicating
drink--personified and worshipped, esp. in connection with the god Indra,
the _Jupiter pluvius_ of the Vedic pantheon. [Sans. _soma_ (Zend _haoma_,
juice)--root _su_ (cf. Gr. [Greek: huô]), to press out, distil, extract.]
SOMATIST, s[=o]'ma-tist, _n._ one who admits the existence of corporeal
beings only.--_n._ S[=O]'MA, the trunk of an animal: the body as
distinguished from the _psyche_ or soul and the _pneuma_ or
spirit.--_adjs._ S[=O]MAT'IC, -AL, physical, corporeal: parietal:
pertaining to the body cavity.--_n._ S[=O]'MATISM, materialism.--_adjs._
S[=O]MATOLOG'IC, -AL, pertaining to somatology, corporeal, physical.--_ns._
S[=O]MATOL'OGY, the doctrine or science of bodies or material substances,
human anatomy and physiology; S[=O]'MATOME, one of the homologous serial
segments of which the body of a vertebrate is theoretically
composed.--_adj._ S[=O]MATOPLEU'RAL, pertaining to the SOMAT'OPLEURE, the
outer one of two divisions of the mesoderm of a four-layered germ.--_n._
S[=O]MATOT'OMY, the dissection of a body.--_adj._ S[=O]MATOTROP'IC, showing
SOMATOT'ROPISM, any stimulative influence exerted upon growing organs by
the substratum on which they grow. [Gr. _s[=o]ma_, the body.]
SOMBRE, som'b[.e]r, _adj._ dull: gloomy: melancholy--also
SOM'BROUS.--_adv._ SOM'BRELY, in a sombre or gloomy manner.--_n._
SOM'BRENESS.--_adv._ SOM'BROUSLY.--_n._ SOM'BROUSNESS. [Fr. _sombre_ (Sp.
_sombra_, a shade)--L. _sub_, under, _umbra_, a shade. So Diez; others
explain, on analogy of O. Fr. _essombre_, a shady place, as from L. _ex_,
out, _umbra_, a shade.]
SOMBRERITE, som-br[=a]'r[=i]t, _n._ a hard impure calcium phosphate--called
also _Rock-guano_, _Osite_, and loosely _Apatite_. [_Sombrero_ in the
Antilles.]
SOMBRERO, som-br[=a]'r[=o], _n._ a broad-brimmed hat, generally of felt,
much worn in Mexico and the south-western United States. [Sp.,--_sombre_, a
shade.]
SOME, sum, _adj._ denoting an indefinite number or quantity: certain, in
distinction from others: moderate or in a certain degree: about.--_adv._
(_prov._) somewhat, in some degree.--_n._ SOME'BODY, some or any body or
person: a person of importance.--_advs._ SOME'DEAL, SOME'DELE (_Spens._),
in some degree, somewhat; SOME'GATE (_Scot._), somewhere, somehow;
SOME'HOW, in some way or other.--_adj._ SOME'-SUCH, somewhat of that
kind.--_n._ SOME'THING, an indefinite thing or event: a portion, an
indefinite quantity.--_adv._ in some degree.--_advs._ SOME'TIME, at a time
not fixed: once: at one time or other; SOME'TIMES, at certain times: now
and then: at one time: (_B._) once, formerly.--_n._ SOME'WHAT, an unfixed
quantity or degree.--_adv._ in some degree.--_advs._ SOME'WHEN, some time
or other; SOME'WHERE, in some place: in one place or another; SOME'WHILE,
sometimes, at times; SOME'WHITHER, to some place. [A.S. _sum_; Goth.
_sums_, Ice. _sumr_.]
SOMERSAULT, sum'[.e]r-sawlt, _n._ a leap in which a person turns with his
heels over his head.--Also SOM'ERSET. [Corr. of Fr. _soubresaut_ (It.
_soprasalto_)--L. _supra_, over, _saltus_, a leap--_sal[=i]re_, to leap.]
SOMITE, s[=o]'m[=i]t, _n._ a segment of the body of an articulated or
vertebrate animal: an arthromere or metamere.--_adjs._ S[=O]'MITAL,
SOMIT'IC.
SOMNAMBULATE, som-nam'b[=u]-l[=a]t, _v.i._ to walk in sleep.--_adj._
SOMNAM'B[=U]LANT, sleep-walking.--_n._ SOMNAMB[=U]L[=A]'TION.--_adj._
SOMNAM'B[=U]LIC.--_ns._ SOMNAM'BULISM, act or practice of walking in sleep;
SOMNAM'B[=U]LIST, SOMNAM'B[=U]LATOR, a sleep-walker.--_adj._
SOMNAMB[=U]LIS'TIC, pertaining to a somnambulist or to somnambulism:
affected by somnambulism. [L. _somnus_, sleep, _ambul[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_,
to walk.]
SOMNIFEROUS, som-nif'[.e]r-us, _adj._ bringing or causing sleep.--_adjs._
SOM'NIAL, pertaining to dreams; SOM'NI[=A]TIVE, SOM'NI[=A]TORY, relating
to, or producing, dreams.--_n._ SOMNIF[=A]'CIENT, a soporific.--_adjs._
SOMNIF[=A]'CIENT, SOMNIF'IC, causing, or tending to induce, sleep.--_ns._
SOMNIL'OQUENCE, SOMNIL'OQUISM, the act of talking in sleep; SOMNIL'OQUIST,
one who talks in his sleep.--_adj._ SOMNIL'OQUOUS, apt to talk in
sleep.--_ns._ SOMNIL'OQUY, a talking in one's sleep; SOMNIP'ATHY, a
hypnotic sleep; SOMNIV'OLENCY, any soporific. [L. _somnus_, sleep, _ferre_,
to bring, _loqui_, to speak, _velle_, to will.]
SOMNOLENCE, som'n[=o]-lens, _n._ sleepiness: inclination to sleep--also
SOM'NOLENCY.--_adj._ SOM'NOLENT, sleepy or inclined to sleep.--_adv._
SOM'NOLENTLY, in a somnolent or sleepy manner: drowsily.--_adj._
SOMNOLES'CENT, half-asleep.--_ns._ SOM'NOLISM, the state of mesmeric sleep;
SOM'NUS, sleep personified. [L. _somnolentia_--_somnus_, sleep.]
SON, sun, _n._ a male child or descendant: any young male person spoken of
as a child: a term of affection generally: a disciple: a native or
inhabitant: the produce of anything.--_n._ SON'-IN-LAW, the husband of
one's daughter.--_adj._ SON'LESS, without a son.--_ns._ SON'NY, a little
son; SON'SHIP, state or character of a son.--SON OF MAN, Christ as the
promised Messiah, the ideal man; THE SON, Christ, as the second person in
the Trinity. [A.S. _sunu_; Dut. _zoon_, Ger. _sohn_.]
SONANT, s[=o]'nant, _adj._ sounding: pertaining to sound: uttered with
sound, instead of breath alone, as certain alphabetic sounds.--_ns._
S[=O]'NANCE (_Shak._), a call; S[=O]'NANCY, sonant character. [L. _sonans_,
_-antis_, pr.p. of _son[=a]re_, to sound.]
SONATA, s[=o]-nä'ta, _n._ a musical composition usually of three or more
movements or divisions, designed chiefly for a solo instrument.--_n._
SONATINA (s[=o]-nä-t[=e]'na), a short or simplified sonata. [It.,--L.
_son[=a]re_, to sound.]
SONDELI, son'de-li, _n._ the musk-rat, or rat-tailed shrew of India.
SONG, song, _n._ that which is sung: a short poem or ballad, adapted for
singing, or set to music: the melody to which it is adapted: a poem, or
poetry in general: the notes of birds: a mere trifle: (_B._) an object of
derision.--_ns._ SONG'-BIRD, a bird that sings; SONG'BOOK, a collection of
songs: a hymn-book; SONG'CRAFT, the art of making songs, skill in
such.--_adjs._ SONG'FUL, full of song: disposed to sing; SONG'LESS, wanting
the power of song.--_ns._ SONG'MAN (_Shak._), a singer; SONG'-SPARR'OW, the
hedge-sparrow; SONG'STER, a singer, or one skilled in singing, esp. a bird
that sings:--_fem._ SONG'STRESS; SONG'-THRUSH, the mavis or throstle.--SONG
OF SONGS, or OF SOLOMON, Canticles; SONGS OF DEGREES (see DEGREE).--OLD
SONG (see OLD). [A.S. _sang_--_singan_, to sing; Dut. _zang_, Ger.
_gesang_, Goth. _saggws_, Ice. _söngr_.]
SONG, song (_Spens._), _pa.t._ of _sing_.
SONIFEROUS, son-if'[.e]r-us, _adj._ giving or conveying sound. [L. _sonus_,
sound, ferre, to bring.]
SONNED, sund (_Spens._). Same as SUNNED.
SONNET, son'et, _n._ a poem in a stanza mostly iambic in movement, properly
decasyllabic or hendecasyllabic in metre, always in fourteen
lines--originally composed of an octave and a sestet--properly expressing
two successive phases of one thought.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to celebrate in
sonnets.--_adj._ SONN'ETARY.--_n._ SONNETEER', a composer of
sonnets.--_v.i._ SONN'ETISE, to compose sonnets.--_v.t._ to celebrate in a
sonnet.--_n._ SONN'ETIST (_Shak._), a sonneteer. [Fr.,--It. _sonetto_, dim.
of _son[=a]re_, a sound, song--L. _sonus_, a sound.]
SONNITE=_Sunnite_ (_q.v._).
SONOMETER, s[=o]-nom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring sounds or
their intervals by means of a sounding-board with strings stretched above
it, movable bridges, and weights for varying the tension. [L. _sonus_, a
sound, Gr. _metron_, a measure.]
SONOROUS, s[=o]-n[=o]'rus, _adj._ sounding when struck: giving a clear,
loud sound: high-sounding.--_n._ S[=O]N[=O]RES'CENCE, the property
possessed by hard rubber of emitting sound under intermittent radiant heat
or light.--_adj._ S[=O]N[=O]RIF'IC, making sound.--_ns._ S[=O]NOR'ITY,
sonorousness; S[=O]N[=O]'R[=O]PHONE, a kind of bombardon.--_adv._
S[=O]N[=O]'ROUSLY.--_n._ S[=O]N[=O]'ROUSNESS, sonorous quality or
character. [L. _sonorus_--_sonor_, _sonus_, a sound--_son[=a]re_, to
sound.]
SONSY, SONCY, son'si, _adj._ (_Scot._) plump, buxom, good-natured.--Also
SON'SIE, SON'CIE.
SONTAG, son'tag, _n._ a woman's knitted cape, tied down round the waist.
[From the famous German singer, Henrietta SONTAG (1806-54).]
SONTY, son'ti, _n._ (_Shak._) sanctity--generally in plural, as in the
oath, 'By God's sonties!'
SOOCHONG=_Souchong_ (q.v.).
SOON, s[=oo]n, _adv._ immediately or in a short time: without delay: early:
readily, willingly.--_adj._ SOON'-BELIEV'ING (_Shak._), believing
readily.--SOON AT (_Shak._), about; SOONER OR LATER, at some time in the
future.--AS SOON AS, immediately after; NO SOONER THAN, as soon as. [A.S.
_sóna_; Goth. _suns_.]
SOOP, s[=oo]p, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to sweep.--_n._ SOOP'ING, sweeping.
SOOT, soot, _n._ the black powder condensed from smoke.--_ns._ SOOT'ERKIN,
a fabulous birth induced by the Dutch women sitting huddled over their
stoves--hence anything fruitless or abortive; SOOT'FLAKE, a smut of soot;
SOOT'INESS.--_adj._ SOOT'Y, consisting of, or like, soot. [A.S. _sót_; Dan.
_sod_.]
SOOTE, s[=oo]t. _adv._ (_Spens._) sweetly.
SOOTH, s[=oo]th, _n._ truth, reality.--_adj._ true: pleasing.--_adv._
indeed.--_adj._ SOOTH'FAST, truthful, honest, faithful.--_adv._
SOOTH'FASTLY.--_n._ SOOTH'FASTNESS.--_advs._ SOOTH'LY, SOOTH'LICH
(_Spens._), truly, indeed.--_v.i._ SOOTH'SAY, to foretell, to
divine.--_ns._ SOOTH'SAYER, one who divines, esp. a pretender to the power;
SOOTH'SAYING, divination, prediction. [A.S. _sóth_, true; Ice. _sannr_,
true.]
SOOTHE, s[=oo]_th_, _v.t._ to please with soft words: to flatter: to
soften, allay.--_ns._ SOOTH'ER, one who, or that which, soothes: (_Shak._)
one who gains by blandishments, a flatterer; SOOTH'ING (_Shak._), flattery
(also _adj._).--_adv._ SOOTH'INGLY. [A.S. _gesóthian_, to confirm as
true--_sóth_, true.]
SOP, sop, _n._ anything dipped or soaked, esp. in soup, to be eaten:
anything given to satisfy or quieten.--_v.t._ to steep in liquor: to take
up by absorption (with up).--_v.i._ to soak in, percolate: to be
soaked:--_pr.p._ sop'ping; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ sopped.--_n._ SOP-, SOPS-,
IN-WINE (_Spens._), a flower resembling a carnation. [A.S. _sop_ (in
_sópcuppa_, a dish), from _súpan_, to sip; Ice. _soppa_, soup.]
SOPH, sof, _n._ an abbreviation of _sophister_ (q.v.)--also of _sophomore_
(q.v.).
SOPHERIM, s[=o]'fe-rim, _n.pl._ the scribes, the expounders of the Jewish
oral law.--_adj._ S[=O]'PHERIC. [Heb.]
SOPHI, s[=o]'fi, _n._ (_Milt._) a title of the king of Persia. [Pers.
_sufi_, wise, pious.]
SOPHIC, -AL, sof'ik, -al, _adj._ teaching wisdom, pertaining to
wisdom.--_adv._ SOPH'ICALLY.
SOPHISM, sof'izm, _n._ a specious fallacy..--_n._ SOPH'IST, one of a class
of public teachers of rhetoric, philosophy, &c. in Greece in the 5th
century B.C.: a captious or fallacious reasoner--also SOPH'ISTER (_Shak._):
a student at an English university in his second or third year, the
students in these years being called junior and senior sophister
respectively.--_adjs._ SOPHIS'TIC, -AL, pertaining to a sophist or to
sophistry: fallaciously subtle.--_adv._ SOPHIS'TICALLY.--_n._
SOPHIS'TICALNESS, the state or quality of being sophistical.--_v.t._
SOPHIS'TIC[=A]TE, to render sophistical or unsound: to corrupt by
mixture.--_adj._ SOPHIS'TIC[=A]TED, adulterated: impure: not
genuine.--_ns._ SOPHISTIC[=A]'TION, act of sophisticating, adulterating, or
injuring by mixture; SOPHIS'TIC[=A]TOR, one who sophisticates or
adulterates; SOPHIS'TICISM, the philosophy or the methods of the sophists;
SOPH'ISTRESS, a she-sophist; SOPH'ISTRY, specious but fallacious reasoning.
[Fr. _sophisme_--Gr. _sophisma_--_sophizein_, to make wise--_sophos_,
wise.]
SOPHOCLEAN, sof-[=o]-kl[=e]'an, _adj._ pertaining to _Sophocles_, Athenian
tragic poet (496-405 B.C.).
SOPHOMORE, sof'[=o]-m[=o]r, _n._ (_U.S._) a second-year student.--_adj._
pertaining to such.--_adjs._ SOPHOMOR'IC, -AL, [Gr. _sophos_, wise,
_m[=o]ros_, foolish.]
SOPHORA, s[=o]-f[=o]'ra, _n._ a genus of leguminous plants, natives of warm
regions of both the Old and New World, with highly ornamental white,
yellow, or violet flowers--_Sophora Japonica_ is the Japanese or Chinese
pagoda-tree. [Ar. _sof[=a]ra_--_asfar_, yellow.]