SANDALWOOD, san'dal-w[=oo]d, _n._ a compact and fine-grained tropical wood,
remarkable for its fragrance. [Fr. _sandal_--Low L. _santalum_--Late Gr.
_santalon_.]
SANDARAC, san'da-rak, _n._ a friable, dry, almost transparent, tasteless,
yellowish-white resin, imported from Mogador, Morocco: red sulphuret of
arsenic--also SAN'DARACH.--_n._ SAN'DARAC-TREE, a native of the mountains
of Morocco. [Fr. _sandaraque_--L. _sandaraca_--Gr. _sandarak[=e]_--Sans.
_sind[=u]ra_, realgar.]
SANDEMANIAN, san-de-m[=a]'ni-an, _n._ a follower of Robert _Sandeman_
(1718-71), a Glassite (q.v.).
SANDIVER, san'di-v[.e]r, _n._ the saline scum which forms on glass during
its first fusion: glass-gall: product of glass-furnaces.--Also SAN'DEVER.
[O. Fr. _suin de verre_, _suint de verre_--_suin_, grease, _de_, of,
_verre_, glass--L. _vitrum_.]
SANDIX, san'diks, _n._ red lead.--Also SAN'DYX. [L.,--Gr. _sandix_,
vermilion.]
SANDWICH, sand'wich, _n._ two slices of bread with ham, &c., between, said
to be named from the fourth Earl of _Sandwich_ (1718-92), who had such
brought to him at the gaming-table that he might play on without
stopping.--_v.t._ to lay or place between two layers, to fit tight between
two objects.--_n._ SAND'WICH-MAN, a man who perambulates the streets
between two advertising boards.
SANE, s[=a]n, _adj._ sound in mind or body: healthy: not disordered in
intellect.--_adv._ SANE'LY.--_n._ SANE'-NESS. [L. _sanus_; akin to Gr.
_saos_, _s[=o]s_, sound.]
SANG, sang, _pa.t._ of _sing_.--_n._ a Scotch form of _song_.
SANG, sang, _n._ blood, in heraldic use.--_adj._ SANG'LANT, bloody or
dropping blood.--_n._ SANG-DE-BOEUF, a deep-red colour peculiar to Chinese
porcelain.
SANG, sang, _n._ a Chinese wind-instrument.
SANGAR, sang'gar, _n._ a stone breastwork: a low wall of loose stones, used
as cover for soldiers. [Hindi sangar, war, entrenchment; from the
Sanskrit.]
SANGAREE, sang-ga-r[=e]', _n._ a West Indian beverage, of wine, sugar or
syrup, water, and nutmeg, drunk cold.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to make or drink
such. [Sp. _Sangría_.]
SANG-FROID, sang-frwo', _n._ coolness, indifference, calmness. [Fr.,
_sang_, blood, _froid_, cold.]
SANGLIER, sang'li-[.e]r, _n._ (_her._) a wild boar used as a bearing. [Fr.,
orig. _porc sanglier_--Low L. _singularis_ (_porcus_), the wild boar.]
SANGRAAL, san-gr[=a]l', _n._ in medieval legends, the holy cup supposed to
have been used at the Last Supper.--Also SANG'REAL. [Cf. _Grail_.]
SANGRADO, san-grä'do, _n._ one who lets blood--from the leech in _Gil
Blas_.
SANGUINE, sang'gwin, _adj._ abounding with blood, bloody: bloodthirsty:
ruddy, red: ardent, hopeful, confident: characterised by a fullness of
habit.--_n._ the colour of red.--_v.t._ (_obs._) to stain with blood.--_n._
SANG'SUE, a leech--also SANG'UISUGE.--_adjs._ SANGUIC'OLOUS, living in the
blood, as a parasite; SANGUIF'EROUS, receiving and conveying blood,
circulatory.--_ns._ SANGUIFIC[=A]'TION; SAN'GUIFIER.--_adj._ SANGUIF'LUOUS,
flowing with blood.--_v.i._ SAN'GUIFY, to make blood.--_v.t._ to convert
into blood.--_n._ SANGUIN[=A]'RIA, a genus of the poppy family, one
species, the Blood-root or Puccoon of North America, much used by the
Indians for staining.--_adv._ SAN'GUINARILY.--_n._ SAN'GUINARINESS.--_adj._
SAN'GUINARY, bloody: attended with much blood-shed: bloodthirsty.--_n._ the
yarrow: the blood-root.--_adj._ SAN'GUINELESS, destitute of blood.--_adv._
SAN'GUINELY, hopefully, confidently.--_n._ SAN'GUINENESS, sanguine
character, ardour: ruddiness: plethora.--_adj._ SANGUIN'EOUS, sanguine:
resembling or constituting blood.--_ns._ SANGUIN'ITY, sanguineness;
SANGUIN'OLENCE, SANGUIN'OLENCY.--_adj._ SANGUIN'OLENT, tinged with blood:
sanguine.--_ns._ SANGUISORB[=A]'CEÆ, SANGUISOR'BEÆ, a sub-order of
_Rosaceæ_, containing about 150 species; SANGUIS[=U]'GA, a genus of
leeches.--_adjs._ SANGUIS[=U]'GENT, SANGUIS[=U]'GOUS, blood-sucking;
SANGUIV'OLENT, bloodthirsty; SANGUIV'OROUS, feeding on blood, as a
vampire--also SANGUINIV'OROUS. [Fr.,--L. _sanguineus_--_sanguis_,
_sanguinis_, blood.]
SANHEDRIM, SANHEDRIN, san'h[=e]-drim, -drin, _n._ the supreme
ecclesiastical and judicial tribunal of the Jews down to 425 A.D.: any
similar assembly, a parliament. [Heb. _sanhedrin_--Gr. _synedrion_--_syn_,
together, _hedra_, a seat.]
SANHITÂ, san'hi-ta, _n._ the name of that portion of the Vedas which
contains the Mantras or hymns.
SANICLE, san'ik'l, _n._ a plant of the genus _Sanicula_, the common
wood-sanicle long supposed to have healing power. [Fr.,--L. _san[=a]re_, to
heal.]
SANIDINE, san'i-din, _n._ a clear glassy variety of orthoclase. [Gr.
_sanis_, _sanidos_, a board.]
SANIES, s[=a]'ni-[=e]z, _n._ a thin discharge from wounds or sores.--_adj._
S[=A]'NIOUS. [L.]
SANIFY, san'i-f[=i], _v.t._ to make healthy. [L. _sanus_, sound,
_fac[)e]re_ to make.]
SANITARY, san'i-tar-i, _adj._ pertaining to, tending, or designed to
promote health.--_n._ SANIT[=A]'RIAN, a promoter of sanitary
reforms.--_adv._ SAN'ITARILY.--_ns._ SAN'ITARY-WARE, coarse-glazed
earthenware for sewer-pipes; SANIT[=A]'TION, the science of sanitary
conditions and of preserving health, synonymous with Hygiene--usually
restricted, however, to the methods and apparatus for making and
maintaining houses healthy; SANIT[=O]'RIUM (incorrectly, SANIT[=A]'RIUM), a
health station, particularly for troops.--SANITARY SCIENCE, such science as
conduces to the preservation of health.
SANITY, san'i-ti, _n._ state of being sane: soundness of mind or body. [L.
_sanitas_--_sanus_, sane.]
SANJAK, san'jak, _n._ an administrative subdivision of a Turkish vilayet or
eyalet.--Also SAN'JAK[=A]TE. [Turk.]
SANK, sangk, _pa.t._ of sink.
SANKHYA, san'kyä, _n._ one of the six great systems of orthodox Hindu
philosophy.
SANNUP, san'up, _n._ the husband of a squaw: a brave.--Also SANN'OP. [Amer.
Ind.]
SANS, sanz, _prep._ (_Shak._) without, wanting.--_n._ SANS'-APPEL', a
person from whose decision there is no appeal.--SANS NOMBRE (_her._),
repeated often, and covering the field; SANS SOUCI, without care: free and
easy. [O. Fr. _sans_, _senz_--L. _sine_, without.]
SANSA, san'sa, _n._ a musical instrument of percussion, a tambourine.
SANSCULOTTE, sanz-k[=oo]-lot', _n._ a name given in scorn, at the beginning
of the French Revolution, by the court party to the democratic party in
Paris.--_n._ SANSCULOT'TERIE.--_adj._ SANSCULOT'TIC.--_ns._ SANSCULOT'TISM;
SANSCULOT'TIST. [Fr. _sansculotte_, _sans_, without--L. _sine_, without,
_culotte_, breeches, _cul_, breech--L. _culus_, the breech.]
SANSEVIERIA, san-sev-i-[=e]'ri-a, _n._ a genus of monocotyledonous plants
of the order _Hæmodoraceæ_, native to southern Africa and the East Indies,
yielding _bowstring-hemp_. [Named after the Neapolitan Prince of
_Sanseviero_ (1710-71).]
SANSKRIT, sans'krit, _n._ the ancient literary language of India, the
easternmost branch of the great Indo-Germanic (Indo-European, Aryan) stock
of languages.--_n._ SANS'KRITIST, one skilled in Sanskrit. [Sans.
_samskrita_, perfected, polished, from Sans. _sam_, together, _krita_,
done, perfected, from _kri_, cog. with L. _cre[=a]re_, to create.]
SANTA CLAUS, san'ta klawz, _n._ a famous nursery hero, a fat rosy old
fellow who brings presents to good children on Christmas Eve.
SANTALACEÆ, san-ta-l[=a]'s[=e]-[=e], _n._ an order of apetalous plants, the
sandalwood family.--_adjs._ SANTAL[=A]'CEOUS; SANTAL'IC, pertaining to
sandalwood.--_ns._ SAN'TALIN, the colouring matter of red sandalwood;
SAN'TALUM, the type genus of the sandalwood family.
SANTIR, san't[.e]r, _n._ a variety of dulcimer used in the East.--Also
SAN'TUR.
SANTOLINA, san-t[=o]-l[=i]'na, _n._ a genus of composite plants, of the
Mediterranean region, of tribe _Anthemideæ_, including the common
lavender-cotton.
SANTON, san'ton, _n._ an Eastern dervish or saint. [Sp. _santon_--_santo_,
holy--L. _sanctus_, holy.]
SANTONINE, son'to-nin, _n._ a colourless crystalline poisonous compound
contained in _Santonica_. [Gr. _santonicon_, a wormwood found in the
country of the _Santones_ in Gaul.]
SAP, sap, _n._ the vital juice of plants: (_bot._) the part of the wood
next to the bark: the blood: a simpleton: a plodding student.--_v.i._ to
play the part of a ninny: to be studious.--_ns._ SAP'-BEE'TLE a beetle
which feeds on sap; SAP'-COL'OUR, a vegetable juice inspissated by slow
evaporation, for the use of painters.--_adj._ SAP'FUL, full of sap.--_ns._
SAP'-GREEN, a green colouring matter from the juice of buckthorn berries;
SAP'HEAD, a silly fellow.--_adj._ SAP'LESS, wanting sap: not juicy.--_ns._
SAP'LING, a young tree, so called from being full of sap: a young greyhound
during the year of his birth until the end of the coursing season which
commences in that year; SAP'LING-CUP, an open tankard for drinking new ale;
SAP'PINESS.--_adj._ SAP'PY, abounding with sap: juicy: silly.--_ns._
SAP'-TUBE, a vessel that conveys sap; SAP'-WOOD, the outer part of the
trunk of a tree, next the bark, in which the sap flows most freely:
albumen.--CRUDE SAP, the ascending sap. [A.S. _sæp_; Low Ger. _sapp_,
juice, Ger. _saft_.]
SAP, sap, _v.t._ to destroy by digging underneath: to undermine: to impair
the constitution.--_v.i._ to proceed by undermining:--_pr.p._ sap'ping;
_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ sapped.--_n._ a narrow ditch or trench by which
approach is made from the foremost parallel towards the glacis or
covert-way of a besieged place.--_n._ SAP'PER, one who saps. [O. Fr.
_sappe_--Low L. _sapa_, a pick, prob. from Gr. _skapan[=e]_, a hoe.]
SAPAJOU, sap'a-zh[=oo], _n._ a name sometimes applied to all that division
of American monkeys which have a prehensile tail, and sometimes limited to
those of them which are of a slender form, as the genera _Ateles_ or
spider-monkey, _Cebus_, &c.--Also SAJOU'.
SAPERDA, s[=a]-p[.e]r'da, _n._ a genus of long-horned beetles, mostly
wood-borers. [Gr. _saperd[=e]s_, a fish.]
SAPHENOUS, sa-f[=e]'nus, _adj._ prominent, as a vein of the leg.--_n._
SAPH[=E]'NA, a prominent vein or nerve. [Gr. _saph[=e]n[=e]s_, plain.]
SAPID, sap'id, _adj._ well-tasted: savoury: that affects the taste.--_n._
SAPID'ITY, savouriness.--_adj._ SAP'IDLESS, insipid.--_n._ SAP'IDNESS.
[Fr.,--_L. sapidus_--_sap[)e]re_, to taste.]
SAPIENCE, s[=a]'pi-ens, _n._ discernment: wisdom: knowledge:
reason.--_adjs._ S[=A]'PIENT, wise: discerning: sagacious, sometimes used
ironically; S[=A]PIEN'TIAL.--_adv._ S[=A]'PIENTLY. [L. _sapiens_,
_sapientis_, pr.p. of _sap[)e]re_, to be wise.]
SAPINDUS, s[=a]-pin'dus, _n._ a genus of polypetalous trees, as
_Soapberry_. [L. _sapo Indicus_, Indian soap.]
SAPIUM, s[=a]'pi-um, _n._ a genus of apetalous plants belonging to the
_Euphorbiaceæ_, including the Jamaica milkwood or gum-tree, &c.
SAPI-UTAN, sap'i-[=oo]'tan, _n._ the wild ox of Celebes.--Also
SAP'I-OU'TAN. [Malay, _sapi_, cow, _[=u]t[=a]n_, woods.]