ADVENTURES ON LAND.
[Æt. 56; 1492]
On the 12th of November Columbus set sail in search of the gold- and
cannibal-bearing island described by the natives and called Babeque. He
took with him a few pairs of Cubans for the Madrid Zoological Garden,
whom he intended to convert to Christianity in his leisure hours.
Babeque was said to be situated about east-by-south from Cuba, and
accordingly the fleet steered in that direction, skirting the Cuban
coast. Two days later a head-wind and a heavy sea induced Columbus to
put back to Cuba, where he waited for a fair wind. On the 19th he again
put to sea, but was soon compelled for the second time to return.
When Martin Alonzo Pinzon, on board the _Pinta_, which was in the
advance, saw the Admiral’s signal of recall, he promptly and with
great energy paid no attention to it. He astutely observed that as
there might not be gold and cannibals enough in Babeque for the
whole fleet, it would save trouble if he were to take in privately
a full cargo, and thus avoid the hard feelings which might result
from an attempt to divide with the crews of the other vessels. Pinzon
therefore kept the _Pinta_ on her course, and the next morning she
was out of sight of the flag-ship. Columbus, not understanding the
excellent intentions of his subordinate, was greatly vexed, and feared
that Pinzon would sail back to Spain and claim the whole credit of
discovering the New World. However, pursuit was out of the question,
the _Pinta_ being the fastest vessel of the fleet; and the Admiral
therefore sailed back to Cuba, and while awaiting a change of wind
renewed his exploration of the coast.
On the 5th of December, the weather having improved, Columbus started
for the third time in search of Babeque. He soon sighted a large and
beautiful island, at which his Cubans besought him not to land, since
it was inhabited by one-eyed cannibals who made it a point to eat all
visitors, either from motives of hunger or as a mark of respect. The
Cubans admitted that the island contained gold as well as cannibals,
but maintained that it was not Babeque, but Bohio.
Of course Columbus disregarded their advice, and, after anchoring for
a night in a convenient harbor, proceeded to sail along the coast,
landing from time to time. He found that it was a very respectable
island, but the natives refused to have anything to do with him, and
fled into the forest as soon as his boats touched the shore. One day,
however, his men succeeded in capturing a young woman--with the usual
amount of eyes, and fashionably dressed in a gold nose-ring--whom they
carried before the Admiral. The latter, putting on a pair of thick
blue goggles in the interests of propriety, spoke kindly to the young
person, and gave her some clothes. It may be doubted whether the
Admiral’s old coats and trousers were particularly becoming to the
fair prisoner; but as they were novelties in dress, she was greatly
pleased with them, and agreed to accompany a party of middle-aged and
discreet sailors to her father’s village. Thus friendly relations were
at last established with the natives, and Columbus, seeing the effect
of clothing on the female mind, was so closely reminded of the women of
Spain that he named the new island Hispaniola.
The absence of both gold and one-eyed cannibals convinced him that
Hispaniola could not be Babeque, and on December 14th he once more set
sail in search of that mythical island. He found nothing but the little
island of Tortugas, and was finally compelled by head-winds to sail
back to Hispaniola. He now made up his mind that Babeque was the Mrs.
Harris of islands, and that in fact there was no such place. It pained
him to give up all hope of seeing the one-eyed cannibals; but after
all he must have perceived that, even if he had found them, they could
not have been any real comfort to him, unless he could have seen them
sitting down to dine off the faithless Pinzon.
On the 16th of December we find him anchored near Puerto de Paz,
enjoying the society of a cacique, or native chief, who told him the
old, old story of gold-bearing islands farther south, and in other
ways did his best to meet the Admiral’s views. Six days later, when
near the Bay of Acul, the flag-ship was met by a canoe containing an
envoy of the cacique Guacanagari, the most powerful of the native
chiefs of that region. Guacanagari sent Columbus presents of cotton
cloth, dolls, parrots of great resources in point of profanity, and
other welcome articles. He invited Columbus to visit him at his palace,
which invitation was accepted, and the cacique and the Admiral became
warm friends. A few bits of gold were given to the Spaniards, and the
usual story concerning Babeque was told; but Columbus had now pledged
himself to total abstinence from Babeque in every form, and paid no
attention to it.
Guacanagari’s village was situated a few miles east of the Bay of Acul,
and thither Columbus resolved to bring his ships. About midnight on
Christmas eve Columbus went below, because, as he alleged, there was
a dead calm and his presence on deck was not required. The judicial
mind will, however, note the fact that it is not unusual for mariners
to feel the need of sleep after the festivities of Christmas eve.
Following the example of their commander, the entire crew hastened to
fall asleep, with the exception of a small-boy to whom the wheel was
confided by a drowsy quartermaster. A current steadily drifted the
vessel toward the land, and in a short time the boy at the wheel loudly
mentioned that the ship had struck. The Admiral was soon on deck--which
shows that perhaps, after all, it was nothing stronger than claret
punch--and in time succeeded in awakening the crew. The ship was
hard and fast on a reef, and he ordered the mast to be cut away, and
dispatched a boat to the _Niña_ for assistance. It soon became evident
that the _Santa Maria_ would go to pieces, and accordingly Columbus and
all his men sought refuge on board the other vessel.
Guacanagari was full of grief at the disaster, and sent his people to
assist in saving whatever of value the wreck contained. He came on
board the _Niña_ and invited the Spaniards to come to his village and
occupy houses which he had set apart for them. Here he entertained
them with games--base-ball, pedestrian matches, and such like pagan
spectacles--while the Spaniards, not to be outdone in politeness, fired
off a cannon, and thereby nearly frightened the natives to death.
Meanwhile Columbus kept up a brisk trade, exchanging rusty nails for
gold, of which latter metal the natives now produced considerable
quantities. The cacique, finding that gold was the one thing which,
above all others, distracted the Admiral’s mind from his unfortunate
shipwreck, sent into the interior and collected so much that the
Spaniards imagined that at last they had really reached the golden
island of Babeque.
The sailors were delighted with the place. To be sure, there was no
rum; but with that exception they had everything that the seafaring
heart could desire. They spent their time lying in the shade, waited
on by obsequious natives and fed with turtle-soup and roast chicken.
The longer they tried this sort of life, the more they perceived the
folly of going back to the forecastle and its diet of salt horse. They
therefore proposed to Columbus that, instead of building a new ship, he
should leave half of his men on the island as colonists. The Admiral
was pleased with the plan. It would be cheaper to leave two or three
dozen men behind him than to carry them back to Spain, and if he had a
real colony in his newly discovered western world, it would add to his
importance as Viceroy. So he announced that he had decided to colonize
the island, and ordered his men to build a fort with the timbers of the
wrecked flag-ship. The natives lent their aid, and in a short time a
substantial fort, with a ditch, drawbridge, flag-staff, and everything
necessary to the comfort of the garrison, was erected. It was mounted
with two or three spare cannons, and Guacanagari was told that it was
designed to defend his people from the attacks of the Caribs, a tribe
which frequently made war on the peaceful islanders. The fort was
then dignified with the title of “La Navidad,”--which is the Spanish
way of spelling “nativity,” although it does not do the Spaniards
much credit,--and the flag of Castile and Aragon was hoisted on the
flag-staff.
Thirty-nine men, under the command of Diego de Arana, the notary, were
selected to garrison La Navidad. Among them were a tailor, a carpenter,
a baker, and a shoemaker, while De Arana in his capacity of notary was
of course able to draw up wills, protest bills of exchange, and take
affidavits. Columbus did not venture to leave a plumber behind him,
justly fearing that if he did the plumber would send in bills to the
natives which would goad them into an indiscriminate massacre of the
whole colony. All other necessary trades were, however, represented
among the colonists, from which circumstance we gather that the Spanish
marine was manned chiefly by mechanics.
Having organized his colony, Columbus determined to hasten back
to Spain, lest Pinzon should reach home before him and publish an
unauthorized work with some such striking title as “How I found the
New World,” and thereby injure the reputation of the Admiral and the
sale of the only authentic account of the expedition. There were rumors
that Pinzon’s vessel had been seen lying at anchor on the eastern side
of the island, but all efforts to find him failed. It was only too
probable that he was on his way back to Spain, and it was important
that he should not arrive home before his rightful commander.
Before sailing, Columbus made a farewell address to the colonists,
closely modelled upon the Farewell Address of Washington. He warned
them to beware of entangling alliances with the native women, and to
avoid losing the affection and respect of Guacanagari and his people.
The sailors promised to behave with the utmost propriety, and winked
wickedly at one another behind the Admiral’s back. The Spaniards then
gave a grand farewell entertainment to the estimable cacique, who once
more wept on the bosom of the Admiral, and finally, on the 4th of
January, 1493, Columbus sailed for Spain.