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INTRODUCTION—
I. Subdivision of the Animal Kingdom 1
II. Review of the Structure and Vital Phenomena of Animals 3–16
=First Sub-Kingdom: VERTEBRATA (Backboned Animals)= 16–82
CLASS I: MAMMALIA (Sucklers) 21–48
ORDER: Carnivora (Beasts of Prey) 24–30
Family: Felidæ (Cat Family) 24–25
Family: Canidæ (Dog Family) 25–26
(Wolf, p. 25; Fox, p. 26.)
Family: Mustelidæ (Weasel Family) 26–30
(Martens and Polecat, p. 26; Ferret, p. 27; Stoat and
Weasel, p. 28; Mink, Otter, and Badger, p. 29.)
ORDER: Insectivora (Insect-eating Mammals) 30–33
(Shrews, pp. 30, 31; Mole, pp. 31–33; Hedgehog, p. 33.)
ORDER: Cheiroptera (Bats) 33–35
ORDER: Rodentia (Gnawing Mammals) 35–43
Family: Leporidæ (Hares and Rabbits) 36–38
(Hare and Rabbit, p. 37.)
Family: Muridæ (Mouse Family) 38–41
(Hamster, Black Rat, and Brown Rat, p. 39; Common Mouse,
Long-tailed Field Mouse, and Harvest Mouse, p. 40; Corn
Mouse, p. 41.)
Family: Arvicolidæ (Vole Family) 41–43
(Bank Vole and Water Vole, p. 42; Field Vole, pp. 42, 43;
Southern Field Vole, p. 43.)
ORDER: Ruminantia (Cud-chewing Mammals) 44–47
Family: Cervidæ (Deer Family) 45–47
(Red Deer, p. 46; Roebuck and Fallow Deer, p. 47.)
ORDER: Multungula or Pachydermata (Many-hoofed or
Thick-skinned Mammals) 48
(Wild Boar, p. 48.)
ORDER: Solidungula (Single-hoofed Mammals) 48
CLASS II: AVES (Birds) 49–74
ORDER: Raptores (Birds of Prey) 53–55
ORDER: Scansores (Climbing Birds) 55–56
(Cuckoo, pp. 55, 56.)
ORDER: Passeres (Perching Birds) 57–65
Group: Hirundinidæ (Swallows) 57–58
(Swallows and Martins, p. 57; Swift and Goatsucker, p.
58.)
Group: Magnirostres (Large-beaked Perchers) 58–61
(Jackdaw, Crows, Rook, and Raven, pp. 59–61; Magpie and
Jay, p. 61.)
Group: Conirostres (Conical-beaked Perchers) 61–64
(Titmice, Larks, and Buntings, pp. 61, 62; Finches, p.
62; Sparrows, pp. 62, 63; Linnet, p. 63; Chaffinch, pp.
63, 64.)
Group: Subulirostres (Awl-beaked Perchers) 64–65
(Wagtails, Pipits, and Hedge “Sparrow,” p. 64; Warblers,
pp. 64, 65; Thrush-like birds, p. 65.)
ORDER: Gyrantes (Doves) 65–67
(Wood Pigeon, pp. 66, 67; Turtle Dove and Rock Pigeon, p.
67.)
ORDER: Rasores (Poultry) 67–68
(Pheasant, p. 68.)
ORDER: Grallatores (Wading-Birds) 68–70
ORDER: Natatores (Swimming-Birds) 70–74
Family: Lamellirostra (Ducks) 71–73
Family: Longipennes (Gulls) 73–74
CLASS III.: REPTILIA (Reptiles) 74–79
CLASS IV.: AMPHIBIA (Amphibians) 79–81
CLASS V.: PISCES (Fishes) 81–82
=Second Sub-Kingdom: ARTHROPODA (Jointed-limbed Animals)= 82–206
CLASS I.: INSECTA (Insects) 85–194
ORDER I.: Coleoptera (Beetles) 94–118
Family: Carabidæ (Ground Beetles) 94–96
(Corn Ground Beetle, pp. 95, 96.)
Family: Staphylinidæ (Rove Beetles) 96–97
Family: Silphidæ (Burying Beetles) 97
(Black Burying Beetle, and Beet Carrion Beetle, p. 97.)
Family: Nitidulidæ (Shine Beetles) 97–98
(Turnip-flower Beetle, pp. 97, 98.)
Family: Cryptophagidæ (Secret-eating Beetles) 98–99
(Beet Beetle, pp. 98, 99.)
Family: Lamellicornia (Chafers) 99–102
(Cockchafer, pp. 100, 101; Buckwheat Beetle, p. 101; Rye
and Garden Chafers, p. 102.)
Family: Elateridæ (Click Beetles) 102–105
(“Wireworms,” pp. 103–105.)
Family: Curculionidæ (Weevils) 105–110
(Seed Beetles, pp. 106, 107; Pea Weevil, pp. 107, 108;
Mouse-tooth Weevils, p. 108; Gall Weevils, pp.
108–110.)
Family: Chrysomelidæ (Leaf Beetles) 110–117
(Colorado Beetle, pp. 111–113; Tortoise Beetles, pp. 113,
114; Flea Beetles, 114–117.)
Family: Coccinellidæ (Lady Birds) 117–118
ORDER II.: Orthoptera (Straight-winged Insects) 118–121
(Migratory Grasshopper, pp. 119, 120; Mole Cricket, pp.
120, 121.)
ORDER III.: Neuroptera (Net-winged Insects) 121–123
(Dragon Flies, p. 122; Lace Flies, pp. 122, 123; Scorpion
Flies, p. 123.)
ORDER IV.: Hymenoptera (Membranous-winged Insects) 123–136
Family: Apidæ (Bees) 125–126
Family: Vespidæ (Wasps) 126–128
Family: Fossores (Digging Wasps) 128–129
Family: Formicidæ (Ants) 129–132
Family: Ichneumonidæ (Ichneumon Flies) 132–134
Family: Tenthredinidæ (Saw-flies) 134–136
(Turnip Saw-fly, pp. 134–136.)
ORDER V.: Lepidoptera (Butterflies and Moths) 136–159
Family: Diurna (Butterflies) 137–142
(Whites, pp. 138–142.)
Family: Noctuidæ (Owlet Moths) 142–152
(Surface Caterpillars, p. 143; Dart or Turnip Moth, pp.
143–145; Cabbage Moth, pp. 145–147; Lettuce and Pea
Moths, p. 147; Grass-root Moth, p. 148; Couch-grass
Moth, pp. 148, 149; Wheat-haulm Moth, p. 149; Grass
Moth, pp. 149, 150; Darnel Moth, p. 150; Silver Y Moth,
pp. 151, 152.)
Family: Pyralidæ (Snout Moths) 152–155
Family: Tortricidæ (Leaf-rollers) 155–157
(Fawn-coloured Pea Moth, p. 156; Crescent Pea Moth, pp.
156, 157.)
Family: Tineidæ (Leaf-miners) 157–159
(Carrot Moth, pp. 157, 158; Diamond-back Moth, pp. 158,
159.)
ORDER VI.: Hemiptera (Half-winged Insects) 159–163
Family: Aphidæ (Plant Lice) 159–163
ORDER VII.: Physopoda (Bladder-footed Insects) 163–164
(Thrips, pp. 163, 164.)
ORDER VIII.: Diptera (Flies) 164–193
Family: Culicinæ (Gnats) 164–165
Family: Gallicolæ (Gall Gnats) 165–170
(Hessian Fly, pp. 166–168; Scarlet Wheat Midge, pp. 168,
169; Wheat Midge, 169, 170.)
Family: Rostratæ (Crane Flies) 170–172
Family: Muscæformes (Gnat Flies) 173–174
(Sand Flies, pp. 173, 174.)
Family: Tabanidæ (Gad Flies) 174
Family: Muscidæ (True Flies) 175–184
(Caterpillar and Flesh Flies, p. 175; Common Flies, p.
175; Flower Flies, pp. 176, 177; Cheese-fly, p. 178;
Ribbon-footed Corn Fly, pp. 178–182; Frit Fly, pp.
182–184.)
Family: Syrphidæ (Hover Flies) 185
Family: Stomoxydæ (Stable Flies) 185–186
Family: Œstridæ (Bot Flies) 186–192
(Ox Warble-fly, pp. 186–188; Sheep Bot Fly, pp. 188–190;
Horse Bot, etc., pp. 190–192.)
Family: Pupipara (Louse Flies) 192–193
ORDER IX.: Aphaniptera (Fleas) 193
ORDER X.: Parasita (Lice) 193–194
CLASS II.: MYRIOPODA (Centipedes and Millipedes) 195
CLASS III.: ARACHNOIDEA (Scorpions, Spiders, Mites) 195–205
ORDER: Acaridea (Mites) 196–202
Family: Acaridæ (True Mites) 196–202
(Itch or Mange Mites, pp. 196–202.)
Family: Ixodidæ (Ticks) 202–204
Family: Gamasidæ (Beetle Mites) 204
(Fowl Mite, p. 204.)
Family: Trombidiidæ 205
(Plant Mite or “Red Spider,” p. 205.)
CLASS IV.: CRUSTACEA (Crustaceans) 206
=Third Sub-Kingdom: VERMES (Worms)= 206–245
CLASS: ANNELIDA (Segmented Worms) 207–209
(Earthworms, pp. 207–209.)
CLASS: NEMATELMINTHES (Round Worms) 209–231
ORDER: Nematoda (Thread Worms) 210–231
Family: Strongylidæ (Palisade Worms) 212–215
Family: Trichotrachelidæ (Whip Worms) 215–218
(Trichina, pp. 216–218.)
Family: Filaridæ (Slender Thread Worms) 218
Family: Ascaridæ (Round Worms) 218–219
Family: Anguillulidæ (Eelworms) 219–231
(Stem Eelworm, pp. 220–224; Wheat Eelworm, pp. 224–227;
Beet Eelworm, pp. 227–230; Root-knot Eelworm, p. 231.)
CLASS: PLATYHELMIA (Flat Worms) 231–245
ORDER: Cestoda (Tapeworms) 231–240
ORDER: Trematoda (Flukes) 240–245
=Fourth Sub-Kingdom: MOLLUSCA (Mollusca)= 245–251
CLASS: CEPHALOPODA (Cuttlefishes) 247
CLASS: GASTROPODA (Snails and Slugs) 247–251
(Grey Field Slug, pp. 249–251.)
CLASS: LAMELLIBRANCHIATA (Bivalve Molluscs) 251
=Fifth Sub-Kingdom: ECHINODERMATA (Hedgehog-skinned Animals)= 252–253
=Sixth Sub-Kingdom: CŒLENTERATA (Zoophytes)= 253–255
=Seventh Sub-Kingdom: PROTOZOA (One-celled Animals)= 255–256