marched all the way from Kingston, had come up, as well as the other
volunteer corps; the station had been partly cleared of the stores that
encumbered it; some artillery, two militia regiments, and a battalion
of the line, had been despatched, and our turn to start had come,
and long lines of carriages were drawn up ready for us; but still we
remained in the street. You may fancy the scene. There seemed to be
as many people as ever in London, and we could hardly move for the
crowds of spectators--fellows hawking fruits and volunteers’ comforts,
newsboys and so forth, to say nothing of the cabs and omnibuses;
while orderlies and staff-officers were constantly riding up with
messages. A good many of the militiamen, and some of our people too,
had taken more than enough to drink; perhaps a hot sun had told on
empty stomachs; anyhow, they became very noisy. The din, dirt, and heat
were indescribable. So the evening wore on, and all the information
our officers could get from the brigadier, who appeared to be acting
under another general, was, that orders had come to stand fast for the
present. Gradually the street became quieter and cooler. The brigadier,
who, by way of setting an example, had remained for some hours without
leaving his saddle, had got a chair out of a shop, and sat nodding in
it; most of the men were lying down or sitting on the pavement--some
sleeping, some smoking. In vain had Travers begged his wife to go home.
She declared that, having come so far, she would stay and see the last
of us. The brougham had been sent away to a by-street, as it blocked
up the road; so he sat on a doorstep, she by him on the knapsack.
Little Arthur, who had been delighted at the bustle and the uniforms,
and in high spirits, became at last very cross, and eventually cried
himself to sleep in his father’s arms, his golden hair and one little
dimpled arm hanging over his shoulder. Thus went on the weary hours,
till suddenly the assembly sounded, and we all started up. We were to
return to Waterloo. The landing on the east was only a feint--so ran
the rumour--the real attack was on the south. Anything seemed better
than indecision and delay, and, tired though we were, the march back
was gladly hailed. Mrs. Travers, who made us take the remains of the
luncheon with us, we left to look for her carriage; little Arthur, who
was awake again, but very good and quiet, in her arms.
We did not reach Waterloo till nearly midnight, and there was some
delay in starting again. Several volunteer and militia regiments had
arrived from the north; the station and all its approaches were jammed
up with men, and trains were being despatched away as fast as they
could be made up. All this time no news had reached us since the first
announcement; but the excitement then aroused had now passed away under
the influence of fatigue and want of sleep, and most of us dozed off
as soon as we got under way. I did, at any rate, and was awoke by the
train stopping at Leatherhead. There was an up-train returning to town,
and some persons in it were bringing up news from the coast. We could
not, from our part of the train, hear what they said, but the rumour
was passed up from one carriage to another. The enemy had landed in
force at Worthing. Their position had been attacked by the troops from
the camp near Brighton, and the action would be renewed in the morning.
The volunteers had behaved very well. This was all the information
we could get. So, then, the invasion had come at last. It was clear,
at any rate, from what was said, that the enemy had not been driven
back yet, and we should be in time most likely to take a share in the
defence. It was sunrise when the train crawled into Dorking, for there
had been numerous stoppages on the way; and here it was pulled up for
a long time, and we were told to get out and stretch ourselves--an
order gladly responded to, for we had been very closely packed all
night. Most of us, too, took the opportunity to make an early breakfast
off the food we had brought from Shoreditch. I had the remains of Mrs.
Travers’s fowl and some bread wrapped up in my waterproof, which I
shared with one or two less provident comrades. We could see from our
halting-place that the line was blocked with trains beyond and behind.
It must have been about eight o’clock when we got orders to take our
seats again, and the train began to move slowly on towards Horsham.
Horsham Junction was the point to be occupied--so the rumour went;
but about ten o’clock, when halting at a small station a few miles
short of it, the order came to leave the train, and our brigade formed
in column on the high road. Beyond us was some field artillery; and
further on, so we were told by a staff-officer, another brigade, which
was to make up a division with ours. After more delays the line began
to move, but not forwards; our route was towards the north-west, and
a sort of suspicion of the state of affairs flashed across my mind.
Horsham was already occupied by the enemy’s advance-guard, and we were
to fall back on Leith Common, and take up a position threatening his
flank, should he advance either to Guildford or Dorking. This was soon
confirmed by what the colonel was told by the brigadier and passed
down the ranks; and just now, for the first time, the boom of artillery
came up on the light south breeze. In about an hour the firing ceased.
What did it mean? We could not tell. Meanwhile our march continued. The
day was very close and sultry, and the clouds of dust stirred up by
our feet almost suffocated us. I had saved a soda-water-bottleful of
yesterday’s claret; but this went only a short way, for there were many
mouths to share it with, and the thirst soon became as bad as ever.
Several of the regiment fell out from faintness, and we made frequent
halts to rest and let the stragglers come up. At last we reached the
top of Leith Hill. It is a striking spot, being the highest point in
the south of England. The view from it is splendid, and most lovely did
the country look this summer day, although the grass was brown from the
long drought. It was a great relief to get from the dusty road on to
the common, and at the top of the hill there was a refreshing breeze.
We could see now, for the first time, the whole of our division. Our
own regiment did not muster more than 500, for it contained a large
number of Government office men who had been detained, like Danvers,
for duty in town, and others were not much larger; but the militia
regiment was very strong, and the whole division, I was told, mustered
nearly 5,000 rank and file. We could see other troops also in extension
of our division, and could count a couple of field-batteries of Royal
Artillery, besides some heavy guns, belonging to the volunteers
apparently, drawn by cart-horses. The cooler air, the sense of numbers,
and the evident strength of the position we held, raised our spirits,
which, I am not ashamed to say, had all the morning been depressed.
It was not that we were not eager to close with the enemy, but that
the counter-marching and halting ominously betokened a vacillation of
purpose in those who had the guidance of affairs. Here in two days the
invaders had got more than twenty miles inland, and nothing effectual
had been done to stop them. And the ignorance in which we volunteers,
from the colonel downwards, were kept of their movements, filled us
with uneasiness. We could not but depict to ourselves the enemy as
carrying out all the while firmly his well-considered scheme of attack,
and contrasting it with our own uncertainty of purpose. The very
silence with which his advance appeared to be conducted filled us with
mysterious awe. Meanwhile the day wore on, and we became faint with
hunger, for we had eaten nothing since daybreak. No provisions came up,
and there were no signs of any commissariat officers. It seems that
when we were at the Waterloo station a whole trainful of provisions
was drawn up there, and our colonel proposed that one of the trucks
should be taken off and attached to our train, so that we might have
some food at hand; but the officer in charge, an assistant-controller I
think they called him--this control department was a newfangled affair
which did us almost as much harm as the enemy in the long-run--said
his orders were to keep all the stores together, and that he couldn’t
issue any without authority from the head of his department. So we
had to go without. Those who had tobacco smoked--indeed there is no
solace like a pipe under such circumstances. The militia regiment, I
heard afterwards, had two days’ provisions in their haversacks; it
was we volunteers who had no haversacks, and nothing to put in them.
All this time, I should tell you, while we were lying on the grass
with our arms piled, the General, with the brigadiers and staff, was
riding about slowly from point to point of the edge of the common,
looking out with his glass towards the south valley. Orderlies and
staff-officers were constantly coming, and about three o’clock there
arrived up a road that led towards Horsham a small body of lancers and
a regiment of yeomanry, who had, it appears, been out in advance, and
now drew up a short way in front of us in column facing to the south.
Whether they could see anything in their front I could not tell, for
we were behind the crest of the hill ourselves, and so could not look
into the valley below; but shortly afterwards the assembly sounded.
Commanding officers were called out by the General, and received some
brief instructions; and the column began to march again towards London,
the militia this time coming last in our brigade. A rumour regarding
the object of this counter-march soon spread through the ranks. The
enemy was not going to attack us here, but was trying to turn the
position on both sides, one column pointing to Reigate, the other to
Aldershot; and so we must fall back and take up a position at Dorking.
The line of the great chalk-range was to be defended. A large force
was concentrating at Guildford, another at Reigate, and we should find
supports at Dorking. The enemy would be awaited in these positions.
Such, so far as we privates could get at the facts, was to be the plan
of operations. Down the hill, therefore, we marched. From one or two
points we could catch a brief sight of the railway in the valley below
running from Dorking to Horsham. Men in red were working upon it here
and there. They were the Royal Engineers, some one said, breaking
up the line. On we marched. The dust seemed worse than ever. In one
village through which we passed--I forget the name now--there was a
pump on the green. Here we stopped and had a good drink; and passing
by a large farm, the farmer’s wife and two or three of her maids stood
at the gate and handed us hunches of bread and cheese out of some
baskets. I got the share of a bit, but the bottom of the good woman’s
baskets must soon have been reached. Not a thing else was to be had
till we got to Dorking about six o’clock; indeed most of the farmhouses
appeared deserted already. On arriving there we were drawn up in the
street, and just opposite was a baker’s shop. Our fellows asked leave
at first by twos and threes to go in and buy some loaves, but soon
others began to break off and crowd into the shop, and at last a
regular scramble took place. If there had been any order preserved, and
a regular distribution arranged, they would no doubt have been steady
enough, but hunger makes men selfish; each man felt that his stopping
behind would do no good--he would simply lose his share; so it ended
by almost the whole regiment joining in the scrimmage, and the shop
was cleared out in a couple of minutes; while as for paying, you could
not get your hand into your pocket for the crush. The colonel tried
in vain to stop the row; some of the officers were as bad as the men.
Just then a staff-officer rode by; he could scarcely make way for the
crowd, and was pushed against rather rudely, and in a passion he called
out to us to behave properly, like soldiers, and not like a parcel of
roughs. “Oh, blow it, governor,” said Dick Wake, “you aren’t agoing to
come between a poor cove and his grub.” Wake was an articled attorney,
and, as we used to say in those days, a cheeky young chap, although
a good-natured fellow enough. At this speech, which was followed by
some more remarks of the sort from those about him, the staff-officer
became angrier still. “Orderly,” cried he to the lancer riding behind
him, “take that man to the provost-marshal. As for you, sir,” he said,
turning to our colonel, who sat on his horse silent with astonishment,
“if you don’t want some of your men shot before their time, you and
your precious officers had better keep this rabble in a little better
order”; and poor Dick, who looked crestfallen enough, would certainly
have been led off at the tail of the sergeant’s horse, if the brigadier
had not come up and arranged matters, and marched us off to the hill
beyond the town. This incident made us both angry and crestfallen. We
were annoyed at being so roughly spoken to: at the same time we felt
we had deserved it, and were ashamed of the misconduct. Then, too, we
had lost confidence in our colonel, after the poor figure he cut in
the affair. He was a good fellow, the colonel, and showed himself a
brave one next day; but he aimed too much at being popular, and didn’t
understand a bit how to command.
To resume:--We had scarcely reached the hill above the town, which we
were told was to be our bivouac for the night, when the welcome news
came that a food-train had arrived at the station; but there were no
carts to bring the things up, so a fatigue-party went down and carried
back a supply to us in their arms,--loaves, a barrel of rum, packets
of tea, and joints of meat--abundance for all; but there was not a
kettle or a cooking-pot in the regiment, and we could not eat the meat
raw. The colonel and officers were no better off. They had arranged to
have a regular mess, with crockery, steward, and all complete, but the
establishment never turned up, and what had become of it no one knew.
Some of us were sent back into the town to see what we could procure
in the way of cooking utensils. We found the street full of artillery,
baggage-waggons, and mounted officers, and volunteers shopping like
ourselves; and all the houses appeared to be occupied by troops. We
succeeded in getting a few kettles and saucepans, and I obtained for
myself a leather bag, with a strap to go over the shoulder, which
proved very handy afterwards; and thus laden, we trudged back to our
camp on the hill, filling the kettles with dirty water from a little
stream which runs between the hill and the town, for there was none to
be had above. It was nearly a couple of miles each way; and, exhausted
as we were with marching and want of rest, we were almost too tired to
eat. The cooking was of the roughest, as you may suppose; all we could
do was to cut off slices of the meat and boil them in the saucepans,
using our fingers for forks. The tea, however, was very refreshing;
and, thirsty as we were, we drank it by the gallon. Just before it grew
dark, the brigade-major came round, and, with the adjutant, showed our
colonel how to set a picket in advance of our line a little way down
the face of the hill. It was not necessary to place one, I suppose,
because the town in our front was still occupied with troops; but no
doubt the practice would be useful. We had also a quarter-guard, and
a line of sentries in front and rear of our line, communicating with
those of the regiments on our flanks. Firewood was plentiful, for the
hill was covered with beautiful wood; but it took some time to collect
it, for we had nothing but our pocket-knives to cut down the branches
with.
So we lay down to sleep. My company had no duty, and we had the night
undisturbed to ourselves; but, tired though I was, the excitement and
the novelty of the situation made sleep difficult. And although the
night was still and warm, and we were sheltered by the woods, I soon
found it chilly with no better covering than my thin dust-coat, the
more so as my clothes, saturated with perspiration during the day, had
never dried; and before daylight I woke from a short nap, shivering
with cold, and was glad to get warm with others by a fire. I then
noticed that the opposite hills on the south were dotted with fires;
and we thought at first they must belong to the enemy, but we were
told that the ground up there was still held by a strong rear-guard of
regulars, and that there need be no fear of a surprise.
At the first sign of dawn the bugles of the regiments sounded the
_reveillé_, and we were ordered to fall in, and the roll was called.
About twenty men were absent, who had fallen out sick the day before;
they had been sent up to London by train during the night, I believe.
After standing in column for about half an hour, the brigade-major
came down with orders to pile arms and stand easy; and perhaps half an
hour afterwards we were told to get breakfast as quickly as possible,
and to cook a day’s food at the same time. This operation was managed
pretty much in the same way as the evening before, except that we had
our cooking-pots and kettles ready. Meantime there was leisure to look
around, and from where we stood there was a commanding view of one
of the most beautiful scenes in England. Our regiment was drawn up
on the extremity of the ridge which runs from Guildford to Dorking.
This is indeed merely a part of the great chalk-range which extends
from beyond Aldershot east to the Medway; but there is a gap in the
ridge just here where the little stream that runs past Dorking turns
suddenly to the north, to find its way to the Thames. We stood on the
slope of the hill, as it trends down eastward towards this gap, and
had passed our bivouac in what appeared to be a gentleman’s park. A
little way above us, and to our right, was a very fine country-seat
to which the park was attached, now occupied by the headquarters of
our division. From this house the hill sloped steeply down southward
to the valley below, which runs nearly east and west parallel to
the ridge, and carries the railway and the road from Guildford to
Reigate; and in which valley, immediately in front of the chateau,
and perhaps a mile and a half distant from it, was the little town of
Dorking, nestled in the trees, and rising up the foot of the slopes
on the other side of the valley which stretched away to Leith Common,
the scene of yesterday’s march. Thus the main part of the town of
Dorking was on our right front, but the suburbs stretched away eastward
nearly to our proper front, culminating in a small railway station,
from which the grassy slopes of the park rose up dotted with shrubs
and trees to where we were standing. Round this railway station was
a cluster of villas and one or two mills, of whose gardens we thus
had a bird’s-eye view, their little ornamental ponds glistening like
looking-glasses in the morning sun. Immediately on our left the park
sloped steeply down to the gap before mentioned, through which ran the
little stream, as well as the railway from Epsom to Brighton, nearly
due north and south, meeting the Guildford and Reigate line at right
angles. Close to the point of intersection and the little station
already mentioned, was the station of the former line where we had
stopped the day before. Beyond the gap on the east (our left), and in
continuation of our ridge, rose the chalk-hill again. The shoulder of
this ridge overlooking the gap is called Box Hill, from the shrubbery
of boxwood with which it was covered. Its sides were very steep, and
the top of the ridge was covered with troops. The natural strength of
our position was manifested at a glance, a high grassy ridge steep to
the south, with a stream in front, and but little cover up the sides.
It seemed made for a battle-field. The weak point was the gap; the
ground at the junction of the railways and the roads immediately at the
entrance of the gap formed a little valley, dotted, as I have said,
with buildings and gardens. This, in one sense, was the key of the
position; for although it would not be tenable while we held the ridge
commanding it, the enemy by carrying this point and advancing through
the gap would cut our line in two. But you must not suppose I scanned
the ground thus critically at the time. Anybody, indeed, might have
been struck with the natural advantages of our position; but what, as I
remember, most impressed me, was the peaceful beauty of the scene--the
little town with the outline of the houses obscured by a blue mist,
the massive crispness of the foliage, the outlines of the great trees,
lighted up by the sun, and relieved by deep-blue shade. So thick was
the timber here, rising up the southern slopes of the valley, that it
looked almost as if it might have been a primeval forest. The quiet
of the scene was the more impressive because contrasted in the mind
with the scenes we expected to follow; and I can remember as if it
were yesterday, the sensation of bitter regret that it should now be
too late to avert this coming desecration of our country, which might
so easily have been prevented. A little firmness, a little prevision
on the part of our rulers, even a little common sense, and this great
calamity would have been rendered utterly impossible. Too late, alas!
We were like the foolish virgins in the parable.
But you must not suppose the scene immediately around was gloomy: the
camp was brisk and bustling enough. We had got over the stress of
weariness; our stomachs were full; we felt a natural enthusiasm at the
prospect of having so soon to take a part as the real defenders of
the country, and we were inspirited at the sight of the large force
that was now assembled. Along the slopes which trended off to the rear
of our ridge, troops came marching up--volunteers, militia, cavalry,
and guns; these, I heard, had come down from the north as far as
Leatherhead the night before, and had marched over at daybreak. Long
trains, too, began to arrive by the rail through the gap, one after the
other, containing militia and volunteers, who moved up to the ridge to
the right and left, and took up their position, massed for the most
part on the slopes which ran up from, and in rear of, where we stood.
We now formed part of an army corps, we were told, consisting of three
divisions, but what regiments composed the other two divisions I never
heard. All this movement we could distinctly see from our position,
for we had hurried over our breakfast, expecting every minute that the
battle would begin, and now stood or sat about on the ground near our
piled arms. Early in the morning, too, we saw a very long train come
along the valley from the direction of Guildford, full of redcoats. It
halted at the little station at our feet, and the troops alighted. We
could soon make out their bear-skins. They were the Guards, coming to
reinforce this part of the line. Leaving a detachment of skirmishers to
hold the line of the railway embankment, the main body marched up with
a springy step and with the band playing, and drew up across the gap
on our left, in prolongation of our line. There appeared to be three
battalions of them, for they formed up in that number of columns at
short intervals.