46. The conjunctions to the extent they can, will be treated of
separately; for although the language of Indians is exact, there are
difficulties to be encountered, and from those not brought up in their
use, requiring special study.
47. The word _And_ is represented by aui, as, Nee aui nap, I and you,
and also by vai placed afterward used in this way, Nee nap vai.
48. Whether the sentence consist of one or of two parts, this
conjunction If is nowhere found, but the gerund in do or co is used;
and in this manner should it be of a single part or an individual: If
I do it well, I shall be content, hidénane éndo, or énco, nanacerátze;
when of two, thus: If I did it well, you will be content, hidéna
netzendo, or emco, nap nanacerátze: whence it may be seen that in the
first passage is put the nominative nee, having but one part, and in
the second the dative or accusative netz, since another member comes
in which is nap, you. These are other examples: If I should be well,
I will go to see you, Nee hidéna crádo, osét eme teuhdontze, which is
an expression of one proposition, for though two persons enter there
the action is single: If I shall have worked well you will pay me, Nee
hidéna pananhriuhco, nap netz ovidetze, which is of two positions, the
action being of two.
49. In the examples about to be given, it will be observed that
_That_ is never used, whether it correspond to the quod or the ut
of the Latin. Nee eme vitzán, nap hibe, I see that you are lax; Nee
aguáteran, Domincotze amo misa ea vitzaca, I know that you have not
heard mass Sunday; where vitzaca or vitzácauh is passive perfect, and
the literal rendering is, I know, on Sunday your mass was not heard.
I desire that you may live here, Nee eme iuide cáteo naquém, in which
cáteo is an active perfect participle, and the verb naquém, I desire,
ever requires this construction. The verb óqueem, I command, is
peculiar likewise in one respect: in order to say I command you that
you work, Nee eme panaúaoqueem is said; panaúaoqueem being composed of
two words, of which panauatze, I will work, is from panaúan, work, the
tze final being taken away and substituted by óqueem.
50. The equivalent of _Because_, nanévari, can be thus shown. I become
angry because you are lax, Nee zínauan, ne néuari nap híbeen: with the
particle aréde, which means because, it may be elegantly expressed,
Nap híbeen, aredene zinauan, which, word for word, is, You are lax,
for that I become angry. Here are other instances: Because I am sick
I do not work, Nee ca panauan, nanéuarine cocotzem; in another manner,
Nee cocotzem, arédene ca panauan, or Nee no cócotzihdade ca panauan,
which corresponds to this, I, because of my infirmity, do not work. I
come, because you called me, Nee eue hasi, naneuari nap netz ouíqui.
Eue, signifying hither, is used because to the Indian ear, I came
hither, is more euphonious than only I came. Nap netzoúiqui, arédene
hási, I am glad, because you come to see me, Nee nánaceran, nanéuari
nap netzeue teúhdóniueren, or otherwise, Nap netz eue teúhdóniueren
arédene nanaceran.
51. The equivalent of _Before_ is caque, the translation of which is
not yet. Before you could come I was already here, Nap caque hasdo nee
vínu iuide énitude, of which hasdo is the gerund of hásem, that part
of speech being thus used with caque, when it signifies before, and is
literally, You not arrived yet, already was I here. Another instance:
Before you can go, you will pay me: Caquena dado, netz ovidetze; also,
Before the wheat could be planted, it rained: Perilon caque étzih
dauh, duqui.
52. _After_ is rendered likewise by the gerunds with the adverb vaar,
after. After he had sinned, he was converted to God: Varúhruco vaàr,
Diosse vené are viranari, that is, having sinned afterward, etc.; and
also it may be without vaár, as, After it had rained much, the river
carried away the earth: Muic duco, bata guasta údari. Again: After the
wheat had been cut, it got wet, and was lost: Pericon are tepúnaricoua
sánhruco nasórtui.
53. _When_ may be rendered by héco, as, When you had come to see me, I
had gone for wood: Hècona netz eue teuhdòni, nee cumandóniru. Another:
When Christ had died, so much as was man died, and had not died
so much as was God: Héco múcruco Cristo, are dóremcade muqui, are
Diósemeade ca muqui; where also mucruco is gerund, and likewise may
be said, héco muqui Cristo etc. If the question be asked, When? the
accent is placed upon the last letter.