GROPING THROUGH THE ENGLISH CHANNEL
There was a steady pulsation of the engines during the entire afternoon
without cessation until five o'clock, when the submarine submerged and
continued under water for an hour. The three captives had now learned a
great many of the manoeuvers incident to the diving operations, the
signals accompanying each action, and studied with the greatest
diligence and care the direction indicator and inclinometer.
"I have been noticing the indicator for the last hour," said Ralph, "and
it didn't change once. Are we going due north?"
"The indicator that you see is not for the purpose of showing the points
of the compass, but to tell whether or not there is a turning movement
in the ship. If, for instance, the rudder should be turned to starboard
or to port, the dial would swing in such a position as to show how much
of a turn has been made, and no more," responded the captain.
"Suppose then, that after making a quarter turn, the ship should again
go ahead on a straight line, what would happen to the dial?" asked
Alfred.
"In that case the dial would again indicate that by coming back to its
original position,--or, in other words, the dial would show that the
ship had then assumed a new direction of sailing, and if it again
changed to the right or to the left the indicator would reveal this to
the observer," remarked the captain.
"I wish we had a compass," said Ralph.
"Unfortunately, they have taken our watches and pocket compasses," said
the captain. "We may contrive, later on, to get a glimpse of the
steering compass."
"Do you know where it is?" eagerly inquired Alfred.
"The navigating officer's instrument is in the conning tower, but it is
usual, too, to have a similar instrument below, and I am sure it is
located to the left of the cook's galley. It would not be safe, however,
for either of us to be spying around in that quarter," responded the
captain.
That night they were again locked in their narrow apartment. As they had
been provided with a good meal it was not such an unpleasant experience,
and they were also comforted by the feeling that the submarine was now
engaged in a no more perilous duty than trying to reach some port.
That night was followed by a trying day of waiting. Singularly, they had
not been permitted to ascend the hatchway stairs since the first day of
their capture.
"A glance at the sun would be enough to tell us the direction," remarked
the captain after they left the table at the lunch hour.
"I suppose they are keeping us down here for that purpose," suggested
Alfred.
"I have thought," replied the captain, "that the very fact of keeping us
in ignorance of the direction they are going is the best indication that
we are making for a concealed base."
When they retired the second night the captain remarked: "It is now
plain to my mind that we are on the way to Germany, or, possibly, to a
base somewhere at a greater distance than Spain."
"How long would it take to make the trip to Germany?" asked Alfred.
"If we circled the British Isles and came in by way of Norway, it would
mean a run of 1,400 miles. To go by way of the Channel would be about
800 miles. It would make but little difference in point of time,"
answered the captain.
"Why wouldn't it take longer to travel 1,400 miles?" asked Ralph.
"Because on the long route we would be able to travel four-fifths of the
way on the surface, and would not have to avoid mines and nets. The
Channel route is a dangerous one, requiring the utmost caution," said
the captain.
The second morning Alfred was outside, as usual, consulting the
instruments, when a voice remarked in response to an inquiry: "48, 10."
He paid no attention to it at the time, but later on, in a conversation,
remarked to the captain:
"Some one in the conning tower, this morning, said '48, 10.' What do you
suppose he meant by that?"
"Glad you remembered that. Are you sure the figures you give are
correct?" asked the captain eagerly.
"Sure of it," was Alfred's reply.
"Then we are near the English Channel. Good; I am glad to know that. Did
you hear them refer to any other figures?" asked the captain.
"What would the other figures be?" asked Ralph.
"Of course, I can only guess. The figures you have given me
unquestionably represent forty-eight degrees and ten minutes north
latitude. What interests me most is to get our position east and west,"
said the captain.
"About what longitude are we in?" asked Ralph.
"If we are less than five degrees west we must be in the English
Channel, and it would appear that they are taking the shortest route. If
we should be seven or eight degrees west I should regard it as a pretty
sure symptom that we are going to encircle the British Isles," remarked
the captain.
Late that afternoon Ralph rushed into their little cabin and said:
"I have an idea that I can tell you the direction we are going."
"Have you heard anything?" asked the captain.
"Not a word," answered Ralph. "I have just made an observation," he
continued, laughing.
"That's good," responded the captain. "I think we are sailing north by
west."
"You are wrong," replied Ralph; "we are going due east."
"Are you sure?" asked the captain, exhibiting unusual interest in the
news. "How did you find it out?"
"I saw the sun," said Ralph with a chuckle.
"How and where did you see it?" asked Alfred, incredulously.
"Well, I didn't exactly see the sun, but I saw a streak that came from
the sun," was the reply.
"That's just as good," responded the captain. "Where did you see it?"
"I was at the indicator when an officer went up and the hatch was
raised. As he didn't push it all the way down I had an idea he might
soon return, so I moved up and stood between the twin tanks to the right
of the steps. When the officer raised the hatch a streak of sunlight
went right across the under side at the corner of the door, and I knew
it couldn't come in at the front port hole," said Ralph, with a glow of
pleasure in the discovery.
The captain shook his head slowly, as he said: "I am afraid this will
mean an additional source of worry to all of us; it is bad enough to be
locked up and subjected to the guns of vessels and warships, but it will
be doubly hazardous to pass through the mine fields, and avoid the
nets."
"Do you know anything about them, and how and where they are located?"
asked Alfred.
"Yes, I have a pretty good knowledge of their location, and how to avoid
them, although they constantly change the nets, or provide new safety
outlets," said the captain.
[Illustration: _The Steel Nets_]
"What do you mean by safety outlets?" asked Alfred.
"Immense steel nets are stretched across the straits from Calais to
Dover, two lines, in fact, between which the vessels plying between
England and France go to and fro in safety. Furthermore, war vessels
guard these nets on both sides, so that it would be a difficult matter
to get near the nets," said the captain.
"But submarines do seem to get through somewhere; do they not?" asked
Ralph.
"Yes; owing to their ability to make the trip under water, and taking
advantage of the darkness, it is sometimes the case that they get
through without being entangled in the nets," he replied.
"But how do the ships that sail along the Channel get through?" asked
Alfred.
"That is just what I was referring to when I spoke of safety outlets. At
a certain point there is an opening through the nets at one side,
through which vessels can pass into the line between the two wire
cordons. The opening in the other line of nets is not directly opposite,
but a mile or so off to one side, so that in order to get to the opening
in the other nets, it is necessary for the ship to sail along in the
safety zone between the two nets, and make a turn at right angles to get
out through the second opening. That method has been found to be most
effective, and is called the safety lane," responded the captain.
They were now in or near the most widely traveled part of the ocean on
the western front of the continent. Thousands of ships pass and repass
that zone which reaches from the southern part of Ireland to the western
coast of France, and it was remarkable that the submarine was able to
move along up to this time on the surface without being detected.
Before the sun had gone down that night, however, they were compelled to
submerge twice, and then the mantle of night shrouded the vessel and it
moved along with more boldness. On this the fourth night of captivity,
they were not locked in their prison.
"I cannot account for it," said the captain. "Possibly the commander
has some little human sympathy left, and does not want to drown us like
rats in a cage."
Neither the captain nor the boys slept much that night. They were too
much occupied with constantly watching the manoeuvers necessary on the
part of the commander and his crew to prevent detection as they passed
up the Channel.
"I have spent years on the Channel as a navigating officer and in charge
of various types of ships in the merchant service, as well as on our own
naval vessels, and I know, probably, better than the lieutenant in
charge of the submarine, what the dangers are. It is my belief that the
lieutenant has come over this course before, and probably knows a safe,
or measurably safe route, and has taken the chances of returning, but no
one, however skilful a navigator he may be, can be sure of making
exactly the same course twice. The tides may be against him; he may be
out of his reckonings hundreds of feet, and that is too big a margin,
where a hundred feet in width is the limit through which his vessel may
pass in safety."
The captain thus, in general terms, set forth the perils of the route
that the commander of the submarine had taken, and stated also, very
plainly, that they must now be prepared to meet the greatest of all
dangers. Sleep, therefore, could not be considered.
The long and weary night at last came to an end, and the appetizing
odors of the morning meal were wafted to them. Their toilets were
exceedingly simple affairs, a small cake of soap, warm water, and a
long towel serving for the three. They had no trouble in dressing, for
their clothing had not been removed. They were obliged to dispense with
the bath, for, although all these boats are provided with comforts of
that kind, none of them was available to the captain and the boys, and
they did not ask that any privileges be extended to them.
No sooner had breakfast been served than the machinery began to slow
down until finally it ceased. Not a perceptible motion was now observed.
A pulsator or two were at work, and a slight rumble due to the action of
the dynamo came to their ears.
"I suppose we are now on the bottom," suggested Ralph.
"Yes; during the daytime it will be necessary to keep quiet. Even the
periscope may reveal our presence," remarked the captain.
A little information as to the activities of the crew during these
periods of rest may be interesting. Idleness breeds discontent and
mischief. It is upon the principle that constant work encourages
contentment and makes for efficiency, that the Germans require the
continued activity which was shown by the occupants of the submarine.
The vessel was manned by twenty-seven officers and men. The personnel
being as follows: A lieutenant, a sub-lieutenant, two under or petty
officers, a physician, a cook and two oilers, two first-class
machinists, and seventeen helpers, or seamen, although it was evident,
as the captain expressed it, that few of the helpers had seen much sea
duty.
While it is customary to divide the duties on shipboard into three
watches, during the period of twenty-four hours, so as to give each
squad a period of service every day at a different period, it would be
difficult to carry out the same regulations on board a ship of this
character.
The captain said: "I notice that they have practically two watches, one
taking up the duty from midday until twelve at night, and the other from
midnight to noon. Yesterday, I noticed the same shift that was on duty
in the morning continued at work all the afternoon, so it is possible
that every three or four days shift No. 1, which works from noon to
midnight, will be changed so that for the next four days the time for
their services will be from midnight to noon."
Attention is called to this method of doing duty so that the reader may
understand certain events which will be referred to later.
The personnel of the shifts was also changed at intervals so that while
the lieutenant during one shift would have at work a certain machinist
and petty officer, during the next or second shift thereafter another
machinist or petty officer would be on duty. In this manner all became
efficient, for they had the opportunity afforded of being drilled and
handled by different combinations of men and assistants.