[Transcriber's Note:
The letters a-i, upper case and lower case, enclosed in square brackets
are script font. All other letters enclosed in square brackets are
rotated 180 degrees.
Letters preceded by a caret are superscript.
Characters enclosed by curly braces and underscore are subscript.
Italics delimited by underscores.
Bold delimited with equal signs.
Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation are as in the original.]
OMAHA SOCIOLOGY.
BY
REV. J. OWEN DORSEY.
Third Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of
the Smithsonian Institution, 1881-82, Government Printing Office,
Washington, 1884, pages 205-370.
SIOUAN ALPHABET.
[This is given to explain the pronunciation of the Indian words in the
following paper]
a, as in _father_.
`a, an initially exploded a.
ă, as in _what_.
`ă, an initially exploded ă.
ä, as in _hat_.
c, as sh in _she_. See ś.
ᴐ, a medial _sh_, a sonant-surd.
¢ (Dakota letter), as _ch_ in _church_.
ç, as _th_ in _thin_.
[ç], a medial ç, sonant-surd.
¢, as _th_ in _the_.
e, as in _they_.
`e, an initially exploded e.
ě, as in _get_.
`ě, an initially exploded ě.
g, as in _go_.
ġ (in Dakota), _gh_. See x.
ḣ (in Dakota), _kh_, etc. See q.
i, as in _machine_.
`i, an initially exploded i.
ĭ, as in _pin_.
j, as _z_ in _azure_, or as _j_ in French _Jacques_.
ʞ, a medial k, a sonant-surd.
k', an exploded k.
ñ, as _ng_ in _sing_.
hn, its initial sound is expelled from the nostrils, and is scarcely
heard.
o, as in _no_.
`o, an initially exploded o.
[p], a medial b (or p), a sonant-surd.
p', an exploded p.
q, as German _ch_ in _ach_. See ḣ.
[s], a medial s (or z), a sonant-surd.
ś (in Dakota), as _sh_ in _she_. See c.
ʇ, a medial t, a sonant-surd.
t', an exploded t.
u, as _oo_ in _tool_.
`u, an initially exploded u.
ŭ, as _oo_ in _foot_.
ṵ, a sound between o and u.
ü, as in German _kühl_.
x, _gh_, or nearly the Arabic _ghain_. See ġ.
dj, as _j_ in _judge_.
tc, as _ch_ in _church_. See ć.
tc', an exploded tc.
ʇᴐ, a medial tᴐ, a sonant-surd.
ʇ[s], a medial ts, a sonant-surd.
ts', an exploded ts.
ź (in Dakota), as _z_ in _azure_, etc. See j.
ai, as in _aisle_.
au, as _ow_ in _cow_.
yu, as _u_ in _tune_.
The following have the ordinary English sounds: b, d, h, k, l, m, n, p,
r, s, t, w, y, and z. A superior n (^n) after a vowel nasalizes it. A
plus sign (+) after any letter prolongs it.
With the exception of the five letters taken from Riggs' Dakota
Dictionary, and used only in the Dakota words in this paper, the above
letters belong to the alphabet adopted by the Bureau of Ethnology.
CONTENTS.
Page.
CHAPTER I.--INTRODUCTION 211
Early migrations of the ₵egiha tribes 211
Subsequent migrations of the Omahas 213
Present state of the Omahas 214