[439] Catlin's _Letters and Notes on the Manners, Customs, and Condition
of the North American Indians_, Vol. II, p. 592.
[440] Merrick's _Old Times on the Upper Mississippi_, p. 187. The
following description was given by Philander Prescott, a fur trader:
"The Indians say they had dreamed of seeing some monster of the deep the
night before, which frightened them very much. It appears they did not
discover the boat until it had got into the mouth of the St. Peter's,
below Mr. Sibley's. They stood and gazed with astonishment at what they
saw approaching, taking the boat to be some angry god of the water,
coughing and spouting water upwards, sideways and forward. They had not
courage enough to stand until the boat came near them. The women and
children took to the woods, with their hair floating behind them in the
breeze, from the speed they were going, in running from supposed danger.
Some of the men had a little more courage, and only moved off to a short
distance from the shore, and the boat passed along and landed.
Everything being quiet for a moment, the Indians came up to the boat
again, and stood looking at the monster of the deep. All at once the
boat began to blow off steam, and the bravest warriors could not stand
this awful roaring, but took to the woods, men, women and children, with
their blankets flying in the wind; some tumbling in the brush
which entangled their feet as they ran away--some hallooing, some
crying, to the great amusement of the people on board the
steamboat."--Quoted in the _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. III,
p. 104, note 1.
[441] Beltrami's _A Pilgrimage in Europe and America_, Vol. II, p. 199.
[442] _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. II, pp. 191-193.
[443] Beltrami published an account of his travels in French in New
Orleans in 1824. The English version is entitled _A Pilgrimage in Europe
and America, leading to the Discovery of the Sources of the Mississippi
and Bloody River_, and was published in London in two volumes in 1828.
It is composed of twenty-two letters addressed to "My Dear Countess" and
dedicated "to the Fair Sex".
[444] _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. VI, p. 101.
[445] The story of this exploration was published under the title of
_Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's River, Lake
Winnepeek, Lake of the Woods, Etc. performed in the year 1823, by order
of the Hon. J. C. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of
Stephen H. Long, U. S. T. E._ It was written by Professor Keating from
the notes of the party. An English edition appeared in London in 1825.
The references given are to this publication.
[446] J. C. Calhoun to Major Long.--_Taliaferro Letters_, Vol. I, No.
41.
[447] Keating's _Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's
River_, Vol. I, p. 324, Vol. II, p. 112.
[448] Keating's _Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's
River_, Vol. I, pp. 306-310.
[449] Keating's _Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's
River_, Vol. I, p. 356.
[450] _Auto-biography of Maj. Lawrence Taliaferro_ in the _Minnesota
Historical Collections_, Vol. VI, p. 241.
[451] Beltrami's _A Pilgrimage in Europe and America_, Vol. II, p. 414.
[452] "My head was covered with the bark of a tree, formed into the
shape of a hat and sewed with threads of bark; and shoes, a coat, and
pantaloons, such as are used by Canadians in the Indian territories, and
formed of original skins sewed together by thread made of the
muscles of that animal, completed the grotesque appearance of my
person."--Beltrami's _A Pilgrimage in Europe and America_, Vol. II, p.
481. For a short summary of Beltrami's work see the _Minnesota
Historical Collections_, Vol. II, pp. 183-196.
[453] Keating's _Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's
River_, Vol. II, p. 200.
[454] Catlin's _North American Indians_, Vol. II, pp. 599-602.
[455] Catlin's _North American Indians_, Vol. II, pp. 602-607. This
quotation is from page 607.
[456] _Senate Documents_, 1st Session, 24th Congress, Vol. IV, Document
No. 333.
[457] Featherstonhaugh's _A Canoe Voyage up the Minnay Sotor_, Vol. I,
p. 262.
[458] _Auto-biography of Maj. Lawrence Taliaferro_ in the _Minnesota
Historical Collections_, Vol. VI, p. 246.
[459] Featherstonhaugh's _A Canoe Voyage up the Minnay Sotor_, Vol. I,
pp. 261, 266, 288.
[460] _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. I, pp. 187, 188.
[461] _Executive Documents_, 2nd Session, 28th Congress, Vol. II,
Document No. 52, p. 53.
[462] Brower's _The Mississippi River and its Source_ which comprises
Vol. VII of the _Minnesota Historical Collections_. See p. 162.
[463] _Auto-biography of Maj. Lawrence Taliaferro_ in the _Minnesota
Historical Collections_, Vol. VI, pp. 242-245; _Minnesota Historical
Collections_, Vol. I, p. 189.
[464] In his reminiscences John C. Fremont has left a very interesting
account of these two expeditions.--Fremont's _Memoirs of My Life_, Vol.
I, pp. 30-54.
[465] _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. I, p. 183.
[466] _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. II, pp. 129, 133, 134.
[467] Neill's _The History of Minnesota_ (Fourth Edition), pp. 914, 915.
[468] _North Western Gazette and Galena Advertiser_, June 26, 1840.
[469] _North Western Gazette and Galena Advertiser_, June 5, 1840.
[470] _Louisville Journal_ quoted in the _North Western Gazette and
Galena Advertiser_, June 14, 1838.
[471] Jackson Kemper was appointed missionary bishop of the Northwest in
1835 and held the position until 1859 when he accepted the bishopric of
Wisconsin. His papers and diaries are in the archives of the Wisconsin
Historical Society. For an account of his work see Tiffany's _A History
of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States_, pp. 448, 493.
[472] _Kemper Papers_, Vol. XXVII, No. 113.
[473] _Kemper Papers_, Vol. XXVII, No. 116.