of Misrule, 319 _n._ 1
—— and Lady of the May, ii. 90 _sq._
Loucheux, the, i. 356
Love, cure for, i. 161;
illicit, thought to blight the fruits of the earth, ii. 107 _sqq._
Love-charms practised on St. George’s Day, ii. 345 _sq._
“Love Chase” among the Kirghiz, ii. 301
Lovers of goddesses, their unhappy ends, i. 39 _sq._
Low, Sir Hugh, ii. 30, 31
_Lubare_, god, i. 395
Lucian on hair offerings, i. 28
Lucius, E., i. 13 _n._ 1
Luxor, paintings at, ii. 131, 133
Lyall, Sir A. C., i. 224 _n._ 1
Lycaeus, Mount, ii. 359
Lycurgus, king of Thrace, i. 366
Lydia, female descent of kingship in, ii. 281 _sq._
Mabuiag, i. 59, 263, 323
Macdonald, Rev. J., i. 110, ii. 210 _sq._
“Macdonald’s disease, the,” i. 370 _n._ 3
MacGregor, Sir William, i. 337
“Macleod’s Fairy Banner,” i. 368
Macrobius, ii. 385 _n._ 2
Madagascar, King of, i. 47 _sq._;
foods tabooed in, 117 _sq._;
custom of women in Madagascar while men are at war, 131;
modes of counteracting evil omens in, 173 _sq._
Madness, cure of, i. 161
Maeander, the river, supposed to take the virginity of brides, ii. 162
Magian priests, ii. 241 _n._ 4
Magic, principles of, i. 52 _sqq._;
negative, 111 _sqq._;
public and private, 214 _sq._;
benefits conferred by, 218 _sq._;
its analogy to science, 220 _sq._;
attraction of, 221;
fatal flaw of, 221 _sq._;
based on a misapplication of the association of ideas, 221 _sq._;
opposed in principle to religion, 224;
older than religion, 233 _sqq._;
universality of belief in, 234-236;
transition from magic to religion, 237 _sqq._, ii. 376 _sq._;
the fallacy of, not easy to detect, i. 242 _sq._
Magic, Contagious, i. 52-54, 174-214;
of teeth, 176-182;
of navel-string and afterbirth (placenta), 182-201;
ofwound and weapon, 201 _sqq._;
of foot-prints, 207-212;
of other impressions, 213 _sq._
—— Homoeopathic or Imitative, i. 52 _sqq._;
in medicine, 78 _sqq._;
for the supply of food, 85 _sqq._;
in fishing and hunting, 108 _sqq._;
to make plants grow, 136 _sqq._;
of the dead, 147 _sqq._;
of animals, 150 _sqq._;
of inanimate things, 157 _sqq._;
to annul evil omens, 170-174;
for the making of rain, 247 _sqq._
—— Sympathetic, i. 51 _sqq._;
the two branches of, 54;
examples of, 55 _sqq._
—— and religion, i. 220-243, 250, 285, 286, 347, 352;
confused together, 226 _sqq._;
their historical antagonism comparatively late, 226;
Hegel on, 423 _sqq._
Magical control of rain, i. 247 _sqq._;
of the sun, 311 _sqq._;
of the wind, 319 _sqq._
—— dramas to promote vegetation, ii. 120
—— origin of certain religious dramas, ii. 142 _sq._
—— type of man-god, i. 244
Magician, public, his rise to power, i. 215 _sqq._
Magician’s progress, the, i. 214 _sqq._, 335 _sqq._
Magicians claim to compel the gods, i. 225;
gods viewed as, 240 _sqq._;
importance of rise of professional magicians, 245 _sqq._;
as kings, 332 _sqq._;
develop into kings, 420 _sq._
_See also_ Medicine-men
_Mahabharata_, the, ii. 306
Maharajas, a Hindoo sect, i. 406, ii. 160
Maidu Indians, i. 122, 357
_Maillotins_, ii. 63
Maimonides, i. 140, ii. 100 _n._ 2
Maize, continence at sowing, ii. 105
Makalakas, the, i. 394
Makatisses, the, i. 71
Makrizi, i. 252, ii. 151 _n._ 2
Malay charms, i. 57 _sq._
—— magic, i. 110 _sq._, 114 _sq._, 127
—— Peninsula, the wild tribes of the, i. 360
—— region, divinity of kings in, i. 398
Malays, their superstitious veneration for their rajahs, i. 361;
regalia among the, 362
Maldive Islands, ii. 153, 154
Malecki (Maeletius, Menecius), J., ii. 366 _n._ 2
Man, E. H., ii. 253
“Man, the True,” i. 413
—— -god, the two types of, i. 244 _sq._;
notion of a man-god belongs to early period of religious history, 374
_sq._
_Mana_, supernatural or magical power in Melanesia, i. 111 _n._ 2, 227,
228 _n._ 1, 339
Mangaia, i. 378
_Mania_, a bogey, i. 22
Manii at Aricia, i. 22
Manius Egerius, i. 22
Manna, ceremony for the magical multiplication of, i. 88 _sq._
Mannhardt, W., i. 140 _n._ 6, ii. 47, 78 _sq._, 84, 87
_Mantras_, sacred texts, i. 403 _sq._
_Manu, the Laws of_, i. 366, 402
Maoris, the, i. 71;
magic of navel-string and afterbirth among the, 182 _sq._;
their belief as to fertilising virtue of trees, ii. 56
Maraves, the, i. 393, ii. 31
Marcellus of Bordeaux, i. 84
Marduk, chief Babylonian god, as a magician, i. 240 _sq._;
his wives, ii. 130
Marett, R. R., i. 111 _n._ 2
Marigolds, magic of, i. 211
Marquesas or Washington Islands, human gods in the, i. 386 _sq._
Marriage to trees, i. 40 _sq._, ii. 57;
of trees to each other, 24 _sqq._;
mock, of leaf-clad mummers, 97;
the Sacred, 121 _sqq._;
of the gods, 129 _sqq._;
bath before, 162
Marsh-marigolds, a protection against witches, ii. 54;
on May Day, 63
Martius, C. F. Phil. von, i. 359
Martyrdom of St. Hippolytus, i. 21
Masai, power of medicine-men among the, i. 343 _sq._
Mashona, the, i. 393
Maskers, representing the dead, ii. 178
Maspéro, Sir Gaston, i. 230, ii. 133 _sq._
“Mass of the Holy Spirit,” i. 231 _sq._
Mass of Saint Sécaire, i. 232 _sq._
Master, the Heavenly, i. 413
—— of Sorrows, i. 280
Matabeles, king of the, i. 48;
as rain-maker, 351 _sq._
—— magical effigies among the, i. 63
Maternal uncle preferred to father, mark of mother-kin, ii. 285
Maurer, K., ii. 280 _n._ 1
Mauss and Hubert, Messrs., i. 111 _n._ 2
May Bride, the, ii. 95, 96
May bridegroom, ii. 91, 93
—— -bush, ii. 84, 85, 89, 90, 142
—— Day, celebration of, ii. 59 _sqq._;
licence of, 67, 103 _sq._
—— Fools, ii. 91
—— garlands, ii. 60 _sqq._, 90 _sq._
—— King, ii. 85 _sq._
—— Lady, the, ii. 62
—— -poles, ii. 59, 65 _sqq._
—— Queen, ii. 84, 87 _sq._
—— Rose, the Little, ii. 74
—— -trees, ii. 59 _sq._, 64, 68 _sq._;
or may-poles, fertilising virtue of, 52
Mayos or Mayes, ii. 80
Medicine-men (magicians, sorcerers), power of, among African tribes, i.
342 _sqq._;
power of, among the American Indians, 355 _sqq._;
progressive differentiation of, 420 _sq._;
develop into kings, 420 _sq._;
the oldest professional class, 420.
_See also_ Magicians
Melampus and Iphiclus, i. 158
Melanesia, homoeopathic magic of stones in, i. 164;
supernatural power of chiefs in, 338 _sqq._
Merker, Captain M., i. 343
Merlin, i. 306
Messiah, pretended, i. 409
Metsik, a forest spirit, ii. 55
Mexican kings, their oath, i. 356
Mexicans, human sacrifices of the ancient, i. 314 _sq._
Micah, quoted, i. 223
Mice and rats, teeth of, in magic, i. 178 _sqq._
Midsummer, new fire made at, ii. 242;
festival of, 272 _sq._
—— bonfires, ii. 65, 141
—— Bride, ii. 92
—— customs, ii. 127;
in Sweden, ii. 65
—— Eve, a witching time, ii. 127
Mikado, the, an incarnation of the sun goddess, i. 417
Miklucho-Maclay, Baron von, ii. 253 _sq._
Milk, witches steal milk on Walpurgis Night or May Day, ii. 52 _sqq._;
witches steal milk on Midsummer Eve, 127;
witches steal milk on Eve of St. George, 334 sqq;
not given away on St. George’s Eve, 339
—— -pails wreathed with flowers, ii. 338, 339
—— -stones, i. 165
Milkmen of the Todas sacred or divine, i. 402 _sq._
Milton on chastity, ii. 118 _n._ 1
Minangkabauers of Sumatra, i. 58, 140
Miris of Assam, the, ii. 39
Mirror or burning-glass, fire made by means of, ii. 243, 245 _n._
Mistletoe venerated by the Druids, ii. 358, 362
Moab, Arabs of, i. 276
Mock sun, i. 314
Moffat, Dr. R., i. 351
Mohammed, on the fig, ii. 316
Mommsen, Th., i. 23 _n._ 3, ii. 174 _n._ 1, 175 _n._ 1, 296
Monarchy in ancient Greece and Rome, tradition of its abolition, i. 46;
rise of, 216 _sqq._;
essential to emergence of mankind from savagery, 217;
hereditary and elective, combination of the two, ii. 292 _sqq._
Money, old Italian, i. 23
Montanus, the Phrygian, i. 407
Montezuma, i. 416
Moon, singing to the, i. 125;
charm to hasten the, 319;
in relation to child-birth, ii. 128;
woman chosen to represent the, 146
_Morbus regius_, jaundice, i. 371 _n._ 4
Morgan, Professor M. H., ii. 207 _n._ 1
“Mother of Kings,” ii. 277
—— of the Gods, i. 21
—— of the Rain, i. 276
Mother-kin, ii. 271;
in succession to Roman kingship, 271;
among the Aryans, 283 _sqq._;
superiority of maternal uncle to father under mother-kin, 285.
_See also_ Female Kinship
Mother’s brother preferred to father, mark of mother-kin, ii. 285
Motu, the, i. 317, ii. 106
Motumotu, the, i. 317, 327, 337;
or Toaripi, the, in New Guinea, 125
Moulton, Professor J. H., ii. 182 _n._ 2, 189 _n._ 3, 247 _n._ 5
Moxos Indians, i. 123
Muata Jamwo, the, ii. 262
Mukasa, god of the Baganda, ii. 150
Müller, Max, i. 333 _sq._
_Mulongo_, “twin,” name applied by the Baganda to the navel-string, i.
195, 196
Mummers dressed in leaves, branches, and flowers, ii. 74 _sqq._, 78
_sqq._
Mundaris, the, ii. 39, 46
Mundas, the, ii. 57
Munro, Dr. R., ii. 352
Mura-muras, i. 255 _sq._
Mycenae, golden lamb of, i. 365
Mysteries of Eleusis, ii. 138 _sq._
Mytilene, kings at, i. 45
_Nabataeans, Agriculture of the_, ii. 100
Nabu, marriage of the god, ii. 130
_Nahak_, rubbish used in magic, i. 341
Nails knocked into trees, ii. 36, 42;
a charm against witchcraft, 339 _sq._
—— pegs, or pins knocked into images, i. 61, 64, 65, 68, 69
Nails, parings of, used in magic, i. 57, 64, 65, 66
Names of kings changed to procure rain, i. 355
Nandi, power of medicine-men among the, i. 344
_Nanja_ spots or local totem centres, i. 96, 97
_Nat_, spirit, ii. 46
Natchez, the, i. 249;
their perpetual fires, ii. 262 _sq._
“Nativity of the sun’s walking-stick,” i. 312
Navarre, rain-making in, i. 307 _sq._
Navel-string, contagious magic of, i. 182-201;
regarded as brother or sister of child, 186, 189;
called the “twin,” 195;
seat of external soul, 200 _sq._
Navel-strings hung on trees, ii. 56
Negative magic or taboo, i. 111 _sqq._
Nemi, the lake of, i. 1 _sqq._;
sanctuary of Diana at, 2 _sqq._;
the priest of, 8 _sqq._, 40, 41, ii. 376, 386, 387
Neoptolemus, ii. 278
Nerthus, procession of, ii. 144 _n._ 1
Nets, marriage of girls to, ii. 147
New birth, simulation of, i. 380 _sq._
—— -born children brought to the hearth, ii. 232
—— Caledonia, i. 78;
homoeopathic magic of stones in, 162 _sqq._
—— Caledonians, the, i. 312, 313, 314
—— fire, ii. 237;
made at Midsummer, 243;
made at beginning of a king’s reign, 262, 267
—— Guinea, influence of magicians in, i. 337 _sq._
—— Year festival, i. 251
_Ngai_, god, ii. 44, 150
Nias, i. 109, 143
Nicholson, General, worshipped, i. 404
Niebuhr, B. G., ii. 269
Nightingale in magic, i. 154
Nile, the Upper, rain-makers on the, i. 345 _sqq._;
the bride of the, ii. 151
Nine animals sacrificed daily at a festival, ii. 365
—— years’ festival at Upsala, ii. 364 _sq._
Noah’s ark, i. 334
_Nonae Caprotinae_, ii. 314
Nootkas, superstitions as to twins among the, i. 263 _sq._
Norse trinities, ii. 364
Noses bored, i. 94
Numa, his birthday, ii. 273;
a priestly king, 289
—— and Egeria, i. 18, ii. 172 _sq._, 193, 380
Numa’s birthday, ii. 325, 348;
“Numa’s crockery,” ii. 202
Numbering the herds on St. George’s Day, ii. 338
Numicius, the river, ii. 181
Nuns of St. Brigit, ii. 240 _sq._
Nurin, i. 275, 276
Nusku, Babylonian fire-god, i. 67
Nyanza, Lake, god of, i. 395
Oak, its diffusion in Europe, ii. 349 _sqq._;
worship of the, 349 _sqq._;
oracular, at Dodona, 358;
worshipped in modern Europe, 370 _sqq._
—— and thunder, the Aryan god of the, ii. 356 _sqq._;
sky, rain, and thunder, god of the, 349 _sq._
—— evergreen, in making fire, ii. 251;
the Golden Bough grew on an, 379
—— branch in rain charm, i. 309
—— -god married to the oak-goddess, ii. 142;
and oak-goddess, marriage of, 189;
how he became a god of lightning, thunder, and rain, 372 _sqq._
—— groves in ancient Ireland, ii. 242 _sq._
—— leaves, crown of, ii. 175, 176 _sq._, 184
—— -nymphs at Rome, ii. 172, 185
—— -tree guarded by the King of the Wood at Nemi, i. 42
—— -trees, sacrifices to, ii. 366
—— -wood, Vesta’s fire at Rome fed with, ii. 186;
perpetual fire of, 365, 366;
ceremonial fires kindled by the friction of, 372
—— -woods on the site of ancient Rome, ii. 184 _sqq._
—— -worship of the Druids, ii. 9
Oaken image dressed as a bride, ii. 140 _sq._
Oaks at Troezen, i. 26;
of Ireland, ii. 363;
sacred among the old Prussians, 43
Oaths on stones, i. 160 _sq._
Ocrisia, ii. 195
Octopus in magic, i. 156
Odin as a magician, i. 241 _sq._;
the Norse god of war, ii. 364
Oedipus, ii. 115
Oenomaus, ii. 300
Oesel, island of, i. 329
Offspring, charms to procure, i. 70 _sqq._
Ojebways, magical images among the, i. 55
Olaf, King, i. 367
Old men, government by, in aboriginal Australia, i. 334 _sq._
Oldenberg, Professor H., i. 225 _n._, 228, 235 _n._ 1, 269, 270
Olives planted and gathered by pure boys and virgins, ii. 107
Olympia, races for the kingdom at, ii. 299 _sq._
Omahas, the, i. 249, 320
Omens, homoeopathic magic to annul evil omens, i. 170-174
Omphale and Hercules, ii. 281
_Omumborombonga_ (_Combretum primigenum_), the sacred tree of the
Herero, ii. 213 _sq._, 218, 219 _sq._, 233
_Omuwapu_ tree (_Grevia spec._), ii. 219
Opprobrious language levelled at goddess to please her, i. 280
Oracles given by king, i. 377
Oraons, marriage of Sun and Earth among the, ii. 148;
spring festival of the, 76 _sq._
Oracular spring at Dodona, ii. 172
Ordeal of battle among the Umbrians, ii. 321
Orestes at Nemi, i. 10 _sq._, 21 _n._ 2, 24;
at Troezen, 26;
cured of his madness, 161
Orgies, sexual, as fertility charms, ii. 98 _sqq._
Orontes, the river, ii. 160
Osiris threatened by magicians, i. 225
Ostyaks, tree-worship among the, ii. 11
Ovambo, the, i. 63, 209, ii. 46
Ovid, ii. 176, 177, 191;
on Nemi, i. 4, 17
Pacific, human gods in the, i. 386 _sqq._
Padstow, custom of the Hobby Horse at, ii. 68
_Pages_, medicine-men, i. 358
Paint-house, the, ii. 111
Paintings, prehistoric, of animals in caves, i. 87 _n._ 1
Pais, E., i. 23 _n._
Pales, ii. 326, 327, 328, 329, 348
Pallades, female consorts of Ammon, ii. 135
Palladius, ii. 314
Pallene, daughter of Sithon, ii. 307
Palm-tree, ceremony of tapping it for wine, ii. 100 _sq._
_See also_ Date-palm
Panamara in Caria, i. 29
Paparuda, i. 273
Parasitic plants, superstitions as to, ii. 250, 251 _sq._
Parilia, the, ii. 123, 229, 273;
a shepherds’ festival, 325 _sqq._
Parjanya, the ancient Hindoo god of thunder and rain, i. 270, ii. 368
_sq._
Parkinson, R., i. 175
Parricide, Roman punishment of, ii. 110 _n._ 2
Parsees, the, ii. 241
_Partheniai_, i. 36 _n._ 2
_Parthenos_ as applied to Artemis, i. 36
Parthian monarchs brothers of the Sun, i. 417 _sq._
Partridge, C., ii. 394 _n._ 2
Patara, Apollo at, ii. 135
Paternity, uncertainty of, a ground for a theological distinction, ii.
135;
of kings a matter of indifference under female kinship, 274 _sqq._,
282
Patriarchal family at Rome, ii. 283
Paulicians, the, i. 407
Payaguas, the, i. 330
Payne, E. J., i. 415 _n._ 2
Pear-tree as protector of cattle, ii. 55
Peat-bogs of Europe, ii. 350 _sqq._
_Peking Gazette_, i. 355
Peleus, ii. 278
Pelew Islands, human gods in, i. 389
Pelopidae, the, ii. 279
Pelops, ii. 279
—— and Hippodamia, ii. 299 _sq._
Penates, the, ii. 205 _sq._
Pennefather River in Queensland, i. 99, 100
Peoples said to be ignorant of the art of kindling fire, ii. 253 _sqq._
Peperuga, i. 274
Pepys, S., i. 369, ii. 52, 333
Pergrubius, a Lithuanian god of the spring, ii. 347 _sq._
Periphas, king of Athens, ii. 177
Perkunas or Perkuns, the Lithuanian god of thunder and lightning, ii.
365 _sqq._;
derivation of his name, 367 _n._ 3
Perperia, i. 273
Perpetual fires, origin of, ii. 253 _sqq._;
associated with royal dignity, ii. 261 _sqq._
Perseus and Andromeda, ii. 163
Peru, Indians of, i. 265, ii. 146;
the Incas of, 243 _sq._
Perun, the thunder-god of the Slavs, ii. 365
Peruvian Indians, i. 56
—— Vestals, ii. 243 _sqq._
Pessinus, i. 47
Peter of Dusburg, ii. 366 _n._ 2
Phaedra and Hippolytus, i. 25
Pheneus, lake of, ii. 8
Phigalia, i. 31
Philostratus, i. 167
Phosphorescence of the sea, superstitions as to the, ii. 154 _sq._
Picts, female descent of kingship among the, ii. 280 _sq._, 286
Piers, Sir Henry, ii. 59
Pig, blood of, drunk as a means of inspiration, i. 382;
in purificatory rites, ii. 107, 108, 109;
expiatory sacrifice of, 122
Pigeon used in a love-charm, ii. 345 _sq._
Pile-villages in the valley of the Po, ii. 8;
of Europe, 352 _sq._
Pipal-tree (_ficus religiosa_), ii. 43
Pipiles, the, of Central America, ii. 98
Pity of rain-gods, appeal to, i. 302 _sq._
Placenta (afterbirth) and navel-string, contagious magic of, i. 182-201
Plantain-trees, navel-strings of Baganda buried at foot of, i. 195
Plants, homoeopathic magic to make plants grow, i. 136 _sqq._;
influenced homoeopathically by a person’s act or state, 139 _sqq._;
influence persons homoeopathically, 144 _sqq._;
sexes of, ii. 24;
marriage of, 26 _sqq._
Plataea, festival of the Daedala at, ii. 140 _sq._
Plato, i. 45, 104
Plebeians, the Roman kings, ii. 289
Pleiades, rising of the, i. 32
Pliny the Elder, i. 49;
on sacredness of woods, ii. 123;
the Younger, i. 6
Ploughing by women as a rain-charm, i. 282 _sq._
Plover in connexion with rain, i. 259, 261
Plutarch, i. 28, 80, ii. 172, 196, 320 _n._ 3, 325 _n._ 3;
on Numa and Egeria, i. 18
Pole-star, homoeopathic magic of the, i. 166
Political evolution from democracy to despotism, i. 421
Polybius, ii. 354
Polydorus, ii. 31
Poplar, the white, at Olympia, a substitute for the oak, ii. 220
Porphyry, i. 390, ii. 12
Porta Capena at Rome, i. 18
_Porta Querquetulana_, ii. 185 _n._ 3
Poso in Celebes, i. 379, ii. 29
Potrimpo, old Prussian god, ii. 248
Pottery, primitive, employed in Roman ritual, ii. 202 _sqq._;
superstitions as to the making of, 204 _sq._
_Pramantha_, ii. 249
Prayers for rain, ii. 359, 362;
to Thunder, 367 _sq._;
to an oak, 372
Precautions against witches, ii. 52 _sqq._
Precious stones, homoeopathic magic of, i. 164 _sq._
Pregnancy, ceremony in seventh month of, i. 72 _sq._
Pregnant cows sacrificed to the Earth goddess, ii. 229;
victims sacrificed to ensure fertility, i. 141;
women employed to fertilise crops and fruit-trees, i. 140 _sq._
Pretenders to divinity among Christians, i. 407 _sqq._
Priest drenched with water as a rain-charm, ii. 77;
rolled on fields as fertility charm, 103;
of Diana at Nemi, i. 8 _sqq._
—— of Nemi, i. 8 _sqq._, 40, 41, ii. 376, 386, 387.
_See also_ King of the Wood
Priestesses, inspired, i. 379 _sq._, 381 _sq._
Priestly kings, i. 44 _sqq._
Priests, magical powers attributed to priests by French peasants, i.
231-233;
inspired, 377 _sqq._
Princesses married to foreigners or men of low birth, ii. 274 _sqq._
Private magic, i. 214 _sq._
Procopius, ii. 365
Procreative virtue attributed to fire, ii. 233
Proculus Julius, ii. 182
Progress, intellectual, dependent on economic progress, i. 218;
social, 421
Promathion’s _History of Italy_, ii. 196, 197
Prometheus, ii. 260
Prophetic powers conferred by certain springs, ii. 172
Prophets, the Hebrew, their ethical religion, i. 223
Propitiation essential to religion, i. 222
Prostitution before marriage, practice of, ii. 282, 285, 287
Prothero, G. W., ii. 71 _n._ 1
Provence, magical powers attributed to priests in, i. 232
Prpats, i. 274
_Prunus Padus_, L., ii. 344
Prussians, the old, their worship of trees, ii. 43
Prytaneum, fire in the, ii. 260
Psylli, the, i. 331
Public magic, i. 215
Purification by fire, ii. 327, 329
Purificatory rites for sexual crimes, ii. 107 _sqq._, 115, 116
Pururavas and Urvasi, ii. 250
Pythagoras, maxims of, i. 211, 213 _sq._
Pythaists at Athens, i. 33
Python, sacred, ii. 150
Quack, the, ii. 81
Quartz-crystals used in rain-making, i. 254, 255, 304
Queen of Egypt married to the god Ammon, ii. 131 _sqq._;
of Athens married to Dionysus, 136 _sq._;
of May, ii. 84, 87 _sq._;
Charlotte Islands, i. 70;
sister in Uganda, licence accorded to the ii. 275 _sq._
Queensland, rain-making in, i. 254 _sq._
_Querquetulani_, Men of the Oak, ii. 188
Quirinal hill, the, ii. 182, 185
Quirinus, ii. 182, 185, 193 _n._ 1
Quiteve, the, i. 392
Quivering of the body in a rain-charm, i. 260, 361
Ra, the Egyptian sun-god, i. 418, 419
Race, the King’s, ii. 84;
succession to kingdom determined by a, 299 _sqq._;
for a bride, 301 _sqq._
Races at Whitsuntide, ii. 69, 84
Raccoons in rain-charm, i. 288
Rain, extraction of teeth in connexion with, i. 98 _sq._;
the magical control of, 247 _sqq._;
made by homoeopathic or imitative magic, 247 _sqq._;
Mother of the, 276;
supposed to fall only as a result of magic, 353;
excessive, supposed to be an effect of sexual crime, ii. 108, 113;
Zeus as the god of, 359 _sq._
Rain-bird, i. 287
“Rain-bush,” ii. 46
—— -charm by ploughing, i. 282 _sq._
—— Country, i. 259
—— -doctor, i. 271
—— -god as dragon, i. 297
—— -gods compelled to give rain by threats and violence, i. 296 _sqq._;
appeal to the pity of the, 302 _sq._
Rain King, i. 275, ii. 2
—— -maker among the Arunta, costume of the, i. 260;
assimilates himself to water, 269 _sqq._
—— makers, their importance in savage communities, i. 247;
in Africa, their rise to political power, 342 _sqq._, 352;
on the Upper Nile, 345 _sqq._;
unsuccessful, punished or killed, 345, 352 _sqq._
—— -making by means of the dead, i. 284 _sqq._;
by means of animals, 287 _sqq._;
by means of stones, 304 _sqq._
“Rain-stick,” i. 254
“Rain-stones,” i. 254, 305, 345, 346
—— -temple, i. 250
—— totem, i. 258
Rainbow in rain-charm, picture of, i. 258
Rajahs among the Malays, supernatural powers attributed to, i. 361
Ramsay, Sir W. M., i. 36 _n._ 2
Rats and mice, teeth of, in magic, i. 178 _sqq._
Raven in wind-charm, i. 320
Raven’s eggs in magic, i. 154
Ray, S. H., ii. 208 _n._ 3
Red colour in magic, i. 79, 81, 83
—— Karens of Burma, ii. 69
—— woollen threads, a charm against witchcraft, ii. 336
Reddening the faces of gods, custom of, ii. 175 _sq._
Regalia of Malay kings, i. 362 _sq._;
supernatural powers of, 398
Regia, the king’s palace at Rome, ii. 201
_Regifugium_ at Rome, ii. 290;
perhaps a relic of a contest for the kingdom, 308 _sqq._
Regillus, battle of Lake, i. 50
Reinach, Salomon, i. 27 _n._ 6, 87 _n._ 1, ii. 232 _n._ 2, 241 _n._ 1
Reincarnation, belief of the aboriginal Australians in, i. 96, 99
_sq._;
certain funeral rites perhaps intended to ensure, 101 _sqq._
Religion defined, i. 222;
two elements of, a theoretical and a practical, 222 _sq._;
opposed in principle to science, 224;
transition from magic to, 237 _sqq._, ii. 376 _sq._
—— and magic, i. 220-243, 250, 285, 286, 347;
Hegel on, 423 _sqq._
Religious dramas sometimes originate in magical rites, ii. 142 _sq._
Remulus, ii. 180
Renan, E., i. 236 _n._ 1
Renouf, Sir P. le P., i. 418
_Rex Nemorensis_, i. 11
Rhetra, i. 383
Rheumatism caused by magic, i. 207 _sq._, 213
Rhodians worship the sun, i. 315
Rhys, Sir John, i. 17 _n._ 2, ii. 363 _n._ 4
Ribald songs in rain-charm, i. 267
Rice, charm to make rice grow, i. 140;
in bloom treated like pregnant woman, ii. 28 _sq._;
chastity at sowing, 106
Ridgeway, Professor W., ii. 103
Rig Veda, i. 294;
quoted, ii. 368 _sq._
“Ringing out the grass,” ii. 344
Rivers as lovers of women in Greek mythology, ii. 161 _sq._
Rivers, Dr. W. H. R., i. 230 _n._, 403 _n._ 1, 421 _n._ 1
Rivos, harvest-god of Celts in Gaul, i. 17
Rivros, a Celtic month, i. 17 _n._ 2
Robertson, Sir George Scott, i. 133
Rock-crystals in rain-charms, i. 345
Rogations, Monday of, ii. 166
Rolling on the fields as a fertility charm, ii. 103;
at harvest, ii. 104
—— cakes on the ground for omens, ii. 338
Roman fire-customs compared to those of the Herero, ii. 227 _sqq._
—— kings as deities in a Sacred Marriage, ii. 172 _sq._, 192, 193
_sq._;
as personifications of Jupiter, 266 _sq._;
list of, 269 _sq._;
rule of succession among, 270 _sq._;
plebeians, not patricians, 289;
how nominated, 295 _sq._;
their mysterious or violent ends, 312 _sqq._;
their obscure birth, 312 _sq._
—— kingship, descent of, in the female line, ii. 270 _sq._;
abolition of the, 289 _sqq._;
a religious office, 289
—— punishment of parricide, 110 _n._ 2
Rome, the kings of, ii. 171 _sqq._;
oak woods on the site of ancient, 184 _sqq._
Romove, Romow, or Romowo, ii. 366 _n._ 2
Romulus, fig-tree of, ii. 10, 318;
legend of his birth from the fire, 196;
hut of, 200;
death of, 181 _sq._, 313
Roscher, W. H., ii. 137 _n._ 1, 383 _n._ 3
Roscoe, Rev. J., ii. 276 _n._ 2, 318 _n._ 1, 322 _n._ 2
Rose, the Little May, ii. 74
Rostowski, S., ii. 366 _n._ 2.
Rouen, St. Romain at, ii. 164 _sqq._
Roumania, rain-making ceremonies in, i. 273 _sq._
Round huts of the ancient Latins, ii. 200 _sqq._
Rouse, Dr. W. H. D., i. 15 _n._ 3, ii. 82
Rowan or mountain-ash used as a charm, ii. 331
—— tree, a protection against witches, ii. 53, 54
Royalty conservative of old customs, ii. 288
Rukmini, wife of Krishna, ii. 26
Runaway slave, charm to bring back a, i. 317
Runes, the magic, i. 241
Russia, St. George’s Day in, ii. 332 _sqq._
Russian celebration of Whitsuntide, ii. 64, 93
—— sect of the Christs, i. 407 _sq._
Sacred beasts in Egypt, i. 29 _sq._
—— groves in ancient Greece and Rome, ii. 121 _sqq._
—— Marriage, the, ii. 120 _sqq._
—— men, i. 386
—— sticks representing ancestors, ii. 222 _sqq._
—— women, i. 391
Sacrifices offered to regalia, i. 363, 365;
to trees, 366
Sacrificial King at Rome, i. 44
St. Anthony’s fire treated by homoeopathic magic, i. 81 _sq._
—— Bride in the Highlands of Scotland, ii. 94
—— Bridget, ii. 94 _sq._, 242.
_See_ St. Brigit
—— Brigit, holy fire and nuns of, at Kildare, ii. 240 _sqq._
—— Columba, i. 407, ii. 242 _sq._
—— Dasius, ii. 310 _n._ 1
—— Eany’s Well, ii. 161
—— Fillan, well of, ii. 161
—— Francis of Paola, i. 300
—— George and the Dragon, ii. 163 _sq._;
and the Parilia, 324 _sqq._;
patron saint of cattle, horses, and wolves, 330, 336, 337, 338;
chapel of, 337;
as a spirit of trees or vegetation, 343 _sq._;
as giver of offspring to women, 344 _sqq._;
in relation to serpents, 344 _n._ 4;
in Syria, 346
—— George’s Day (23rd April), ii. 56, 75, 79, 103, 164 _n._ 1, 330
_sqq._;
eve of, a time when witches steal milk from the cows, 334 _sqq._
—— Gervais, spring of, i. 307
—— Hippolytus, i. 21
—— James, i. 266;
quoted, 223, 224
St. John, Eve of, in Sweden, ii. 65;
Sweethearts of, 92
—— John the Baptist, day of, i. 377;
his Midsummer festival, ii. 273
—— Leonhard, i. 7 _sq._
—— Mary, Wells of, ii. 161;
_in Araceli_, 184
—— Ouen, ii. 165, 168
—— Paul, i. 407
—— Peter, as giver of rain, i. 307
—— Peter’s Day (29th June), ii. 141
—— Romain and the dragon of Rouen, ii. 164 _sqq._;
the shrine (_fierte_) of, 167, 168, 170 _n._ 1
—— Sécaire, Mass of, i. 232 _sq._
Saints, violence done to images of saints in Sicily to procure rain, i.
300;
images of saints dipped in water as a rain-charm, 307 _sq._
Sakai, the, i. 360
Sakkalava, the, i. 397
Ṣakvarī song, i. 269 _sq._
_Sâl_ trees, ii. 41;
and flowers, 76 _sq._
_Salagrama_, fossil ammonite, ii. 26, 27 _n._ 2
Salic law, re-marriage of widow under, ii. 285
Salmon, twins thought to be, i. 263
Salmoneus, King of Elis, i. 310, ii. 177, 181
Salt, abstinence from, i. 124, 266, ii. 98, 105, 149;
as a charm, 331
Samagitians, the, ii. 125;
their sacred groves, 43
_Sami_ wood (_Prosopis spicigera_), ii. 248, 249, 250 _n._
Samnites, marriage custom of the, ii. 305
Samoa, gods of, in animal and human form, i. 389
Sandwich Islands, King of, i. 377.
_See also_ Hawaii
Santiago, the horse of, i. 267
Sarah and Abraham, ii. 114
Sardinia, Midsummer customs in, ii. 92
_Satapatha-Brâhmana_, i. 380
Saturn personified at the Saturnalia, ii. 310 _sq._
—— and Jupiter, ii. 323
Saturnalia, ii. 272;
as a fertility rite, 99;
how celebrated by Roman soldiers on the Danube, 310;
Saturn personified at the, 310 _sq._;
King of the, 311;
the festival of sowing, 311 _sq._
Savile, Lord, his excavations at Nemi, i. 3 _n._ 2
Saxo Grammaticus, i. 160, ii. 280
Saxons, marriage with a stepmother among the, ii. 283;
of Transylvania, 337
_Scaloi_, i. 274
Scamander, the river, supposed to take the virginity of brides, ii. 162
Scandinavia, female descent of the kingship in, ii. 279 _sq._
Sceptre of Agamemnon, i. 365
Schinz, Dr. H., ii. 213 _n._ 2, 218
Scotland, magical images in, i. 68-70
Scott, Sir Walter, i. 326
Scratching the person with the fingers forbidden, i. 254
Scrofula, kings thought to heal scrofula by their touch, i. 368 _sqq._
Scythian kings, their regalia, i. 365
Scythians put their kings in bonds, i. 354
Sea, virgins married to the jinnee of the, ii. 153 _sq._;
phosphorescence of the, 154 _sq._
Seasons, Athenian sacrifices to the, i. 310
Secret societies, i. 340
Semiramis, ii. 275
Sena, island of, ii. 241 _n._ 1
Seneca, on sacred groves, ii. 123
Serpent, dried, in ceremony for stopping rain, i. 295 _sq._;
or dragon of water, 155 _sqq._
Serpents in relation to St. George, ii. 344 _n._ 4
Servia, rain-making ceremony in, i. 273
Servius on Virbius, i. 20 _sq._, 40
—— Tullius, laws of, ii. 115, 129;
and Fortuna, 193 _n._ 1, 272;
legend of his birth from the fire, 195 _sq._;
his death, 320 _sq._
Sewing forbidden, i. 121, 128
Sexes, influence of the, on vegetation, ii. 97 _sqq._;
of plants, 24
Sexual communism, tradition of, ii. 284
—— crime, blighting effects attributed to, ii. 107 _sqq._
—— intercourse practised to make the crops and fruits grow, ii. 98
_sqq._
—— orgies as a fertility charm, ii. 98 _sqq._
Shaking of victim as sign of its acceptance, i. 384 _sq._
Shans of Burma, i. 128
Sheaf of oats made up to represent St. Bride or Bridget, ii. 94 _sq._;
the last, 94 _n._ 2
Sheep, black, sacrificed for rain, i. 290
—— driven through fire, ii. 327
Shepherd’s prayer, ii. 327 _sq._
Shepherds’ festival, ancient Italian, ii. 326 _sqq._
Shetland, witches in, i. 326
Shrew-mouse in magic, i. 83
Shuswap Indians, i. 265
Siam, King of, ii. 262;
divinity of, i. 401
Sibyl, the, and the Golden Bough, i. 11
Sicily, attempts to compel the saints to give rain in, i. 299 _sq._
Sick people passed through a hole in an oak, ii. 371
Sickness, homoeopathic magic for the cure of, i. 78 _sqq._
Silesia, Whitsuntide customs in, ii. 89
Silk-cotton trees reverenced, ii. 14 _sq._
Silvanus, forest god, ii. 121, 124
Silver poplar a charm against witchcraft, ii. 336
Silvii, the family name of the kings of Alba, ii. 178 _sqq._, 192
Silvius, first king of Alba, ii. 179
Similarity in magic, law of, i. 52, 53
Simplification, danger of excessive simplification in science, i. 332
_sq._
Singer, the best, chosen chief, ii. 298 _sq._
Sins, confession of, i. 266
Sinuessa, waters of, ii. 161
Sister’s children preferred to man’s own children, mark of mother-kin,
ii. 285
Sisters of king, licence accorded to, ii. 274 _sqq._
Siva, i. 404, ii. 77, 78
Skeat, W. W., i. 360 _sq._
Skeleton in rain-charm, i. 284
Skene, W. F., ii. 286 _n._ 2
Skoptsy, the, a Russian sect, ii. 145 _n._ 2
Skulls, ancestral, used in magical ceremonies, i. 163;
in rain-charm, 285
Sky, twins called the children of the, i. 267, 268;
Aryan god of the, ii. 374 _sq._
Slave, charm to bring back a runaway, i. 152, 317
—— priests at Nemi, i. 11
Slaves, licence granted to, at Saturnalia, ii. 312;
female, licence accorded to, at the _Nonae Caprotinae_, 313 _sq._
Slavs, tree-worship among the heathen, ii. 9;
the thunder-god Perun, of the, 365
Sleep, charms employed by burglars to cause, i. 148 _sq._
“Sleep of war,” ii. 147
Smith, W. Robertson, i. 301 _n._ 2
Smiths sacred, i. 349
Smoke made as a rain-charm, i. 249;
of cedar inhaled as means of inspiration, 383 _sq._;
as a charm against witchcraft, ii. 330
Snake-bites, charms against, i. 152 _sq._
—— skin a charm against witchcraft, ii. 335
Snakes, human wives of, ii. 149, 150
“Sober” sacrifices, i. 311 _n._ 1
Social progress, i. 420
Sodza, a lightning goddess, ii. 370
Sofala, King of, i. 392
Sogamozo, the pontiff of, i. 416
Sogble, a lightning god, ii. 370
Solar myth theory, i. 333
Somerville, Professor W., ii. 328 _n._ 4
Sophocles, ii. 115, 161
Sorcerers. _See_ Magicians, Medicine-men
Sorcery. _See_ Magic
Sorrows, Master of, i. 280
Soul, external, in afterbirth (placenta) or navel-string, i. 200 _sq._
Souls ascribed to trees, ii. 12 _sqq._;
of ancestors supposed to be in fire on the hearth, 232
Sowing, curses at, i. 281;
homoeopathic magic at, 136 _sqq._;
sexual intercourse before, ii. 98;
continence at, 105, 106;
in Italy and Sicily, time of, 311 _n._ 5
Sparks of fire supposed to impregnate women, ii. 197, 231
Sparta, the two kings of, i. 46 _sq._;
their relation to Castor and Pollux, 48-50
Spartan sacrifice of horses to the sun, i. 315 _sq._
Spencer and Gillen, i. 89, 107 _n._ 4
Spieth, J., i. 397
Spinning forbidden, i. 113 _sq._
Spirit, Brethren of the Free, i. 408
Spiritual husbands, ii. 316 _sq._
Spittle, divination by, i. 99;
used in magic, 57
Spring, oracular at Dodona, ii. 172
Springs troubled to procure rain, i. 301;
which confer prophetic powers, ii. 172
Squirting water as a rain-charm, i. 249 _sq._, 277 _sq._
Star, falling, in magic, i. 84
Stepmother, marriage with a, among the Saxons, ii. 283
Stewart, C. S., i. 387 _n._ 1
Sticks, sacred, representing ancestors, ii. 222 _sqq._
Stone, holed, in magic, i. 313
—— curlew in magic, i. 80
—— throwing as a fertility charm, i. 39
Stones tied to trees to make them bear fruit, i. 140;
oaths upon, 160 _sq._;
homoeopathic magic of, 160 _sqq._;
employed to make fruits and crops grow, 162 _sqq._;
precious, homoeopathic magic of, 164 _sq._;
the Day of, 279;
rain-making by means of, 304 _sqq._;
in charms to make the sun shine, 312, 313, 314;
put in trees to prevent sun from setting, 318;
in wind charms, 319, 322 _sq._
Storeroom (_penus_), sacred, ii. 205 _sq._
Strabo, ii. 305
Stubbes, P., ii. 66
Subincision, use of blood shed at, i. 92, 94 _sq._
Succession to the chieftainship or kingship alternating between several
families, ii. 292 _sqq._
—— to the kingdom, in ancient Latium, ii. 266 _sqq._;
determined by a race, 299 _sqq._;
determined by mortal combat, ii. 322
Sulka, the, of New Britain, ii. 148
Sumatra, i. 58, 71
Summer, bringing in the, ii. 74
Sun, homoeopathic magic of setting, i. 165 _sq._;
supposed to send new teeth, 181;
magical control of the, 311 _sqq._;
charms to cause the sun to shine, 311 _sqq._;
eclipse of, ceremonies at 311, 312;
human sacrifices to the 314 _sq._;
chief deity of the Rhodians, 315;
supposed to drive in chariot, 315;
caught by net or string, 316;
charms to prevent the sun from going down, 316 _sqq._;
the father of the Incas, 415;
Parthian monarchs the brothers of the, 417 _sq._;
sanctuary of the, ii. 107;
high priest of the, 146 _sq._;
marriage of a woman to the, 146 _sq._;
worshipped by the Blackfoot Indians, 146;
round temple of the, 147;
temple of the Sun at Cuzco, 243;
virgins of the Sun in Peru, 243 _sqq._;
the Great, title of chief, 262, 263
—— and Earth, marriage of the, ii. 98 _sq._, 148
—— -god, no wine offered to the, i. 311
—— -god Ra in Egypt, i. 418, 419
—— goddess, i. 417
Superstitions as to the making of pottery, ii. 204 _sq._
_Svayamvara_, ii. 306
Swami Bhaskaranandaji Saraswati, i. 404
Swearing on stones, i. 160 _sq._
Sweden, midsummer customs in, ii. 65;
Frey and his priestess in, 143 _sq._;
customs observed in, at turning out the cattle to graze for the first
time in spring, 341 _sq._
Swedes sacrifice their kings, i. 366 _sq._
Sweethearts of St. John, ii. 92
Swine, herds of, in ancient Italy, ii. 354
Sycamores worshipped, ii. 15;
sacred among the Gallas, 34
Sylvii or Woods, the kings of Alba, ii. 379
Sympathetic Magic, i. 51 _sqq._;
its two branches, 54;
examples of, 55 _sqq._
_See also_ Magic
Syria, St. George in, ii. 346
Taara, the thunder-god of the Esthonians, ii. 367
Taboo, a negative magic, i. 111 _sqq._
Taboos, homoeopathic, i. 116;
contagious, 117;
on food, 117 _sqq._;
laid on the parents of twins, 262, 263 _sq._, 266;
observed after house-building, ii. 40
Tacitus, ii. 285
Tagales, the, ii. 36
Tahiti, kings of, deified, i. 388
“Tail-money,” ii. 331
_Tāli_, tying the, ii. 57 _n._ 4
Tamarinds, sacred, ii. 42, 44
Tammuz or Adonis, ii. 346
Tana, power of the disease-makers in, i. 341
Tanaquil, the Queen, ii. 195
Taoism, religious head of, i. 413 _sqq._
Tapio, woodland god, ii. 124
Tarahumares of Mexico, i. 249
Tarquin the Elder, ii. 195
—— the Proud, his attempt to shift the line of descent of the kingship,
ii. 291 _sq._
Tasmanians, the, ii. 257
Tatius, death of, ii. 320
Tauric Diana, i. 10 _sq._, 24
Taylor, Isaac, ii. 189 _n._ 3
Teeth, ceremony of knocking out teeth at initiation, i. 97 _sqq._;
extraction of teeth in connexion with rain, 98 _sq._;
charms to strengthen, 153, 157;
contagious magic of, 176-182;
of rats and mice in magic, 178 _sqq._
Telamon, ii. 278
Telchines, the, of Rhodes, i. 310
Telepathy, magical, i. 119 _sqq._;
in hunting and fishing, 120 _sqq._;
in war, 126 _sqq._;
in voyages, 126
Tertullian, i. 407;
on the Etruscan crown, ii. 175 _n._ 1
Teucer, ii. 278
Teutonic kings, i. 47;
thunder god, ii. 364
Thargelion, Greek harvest month, i. 32
Thebes, the Egyptian, ii. 130, 134;
high priests of Ammon at, 134
Theocritus, witch in, i. 206
_Theogamy_, divine marriage, ii. 121
Theophrastus, on the woods of Latium, ii. 188
Theopompus, ii. 287
Thevet, F. A., i. 358
Thieves’ candles, i. 148, 149
Things, homoeopathic magic of inanimate, i. 157 _sqq._
Thistles, a charm against witchcraft, ii. 339, 340
Thompson Indians, i. 70, 132;
the fire-drill of the, ii. 208
Thor, the Norse thunder god, ii. 364
Thorn-bushes as charms against witches, ii. 338
Thoth, Egyptian god, ii. 131
Threatening the thunder god, ii. 183 _n._ 2
Thrice born, said of Brahmans, i. 381
Thrones, sanctity of, i. 365
Thunder, imitation of, i. 248;
kings expected to make, ii. 180 _sqq._;
thought to be the roll of the drums of the dead, 183;
rain, sky, and oak, god of the, 349 _sq._;
Esthonian prayer to, 367 _sq._
—— and oak, the Aryan god of the, ii. 356 _sqq._
Thunder-bird, i. 309
—— god, threatening the, ii. 183 _n._ 2;
conceived as a deity of fertility, 368 _sqq._
Thunderbolt of Indra, i. 269
—— Zeus, ii. 361
Thunderbolts, kings killed by, ii. 181;
flint implements regarded as, 374
Thunderstorms, disappearance of Roman kings in, ii. 181 _sqq._
Thurston, E., i. 56 _n._ 3
Thyiads, the, i. 46
Tibet, the Grand Lamas of, i. 411 _sq._
Tides, homoeopathic magic of the, i. 166 _sqq._
Tiele, C. P., i. 419 _sq._
Tifata, Mount, ii. 380
Timber, homoeopathic magic of house timber, i. 146;
of houses, tree-spirits propitiated in, ii. 39 _sq._
Timor, telepathy of high-priest of, in war, i. 128 _sq._
Tinneh Indians, the, i. 357
Toad in charm against storms, i. 325
Toaripi or Motumotu, the, in New Guinea, i. 125, 337
Toboongkoos, the, ii. 35
Todas, the, i. 56;
divine milkmen of the, 402 _sq._;
magic and medicine among the, 421 _n._ 1
Togoland, i. 265
Tomori, the, of Celebes, ii. 29, 35, 110
Tonga, chiefs of, believed to heal scrofula, i. 371
Tonquin, kings of, responsible for drought and dearth, i. 355
Töppen, M., ii. 365 _n._ 5
Toradjas, the, i. 109, 114, 129, 159
Torres Straits, i. 59
Tortoise, magic of, i. 151, 170
Totem, confusion between a man and his totem, i. 107 _sq._
Totemism in Central Australia not a religion, i. 107 _sq._
Totems in Central Australia, magical ceremonies for the multiplication
of, i. 85 _sqq._;
custom of eating the, 107
Touch-me-not (_Impatiens sp._), ii. 77
Touching for the King’s Evil (scrofula), i. 368 _sqq._
Transmigrations of human deities, i. 410 _sqq._
Tree, life of child connected with, i. 184;
that has been struck by lightning, 319;
culprits tied to sacred, ii. 112 _sq._;
fire kindled from ancestral, 221;
spirit represented simultaneously in vegetable and human form, ii. 73
_sqq._
—— -spirits, ii. 7 _sqq._;
in house-timber propitiated, 39 _sq._;
beneficent powers of, 45 _sqq._;
give rain and sunshine, 45 _sq._;
make crops grow, 47 _sqq._;
make cattle and women fruitful, 50 _sqq._, 55 _sqq._;
in human form or embodied in living people, 71 _sqq._
Tree-worship among the European families of the Aryan stock, ii. 9
_sqq._;
in modern Europe, relics of, 59 _sqq._
Trees, marriage to, i. 40 _sq._, ii. 57;
extracted teeth placed in, i. 98;
burial in, 102;
navel-strings placed in, 182, 183, 185, 186;
afterbirth (placenta) placed in, 182, 187, 190, 191, 194, 199;
worship of, ii. 7 _sqq._;
regarded as animate, 12 _sqq._;
sacrifices to, 15, 16 _sq._, 34, 44, 46, 47;
sensitive, 18;
apologies offered to trees for cutting them down, 18 _sq._, 36 _sq._;
bleeding, 18, 20, 33;
threatened to make them bear fruit, 20 _sqq._;
married to each other, 24 _sqq._;
animated by the souls of the dead, 29 _sqq._;
planted on graves, 31;
as the abode of spirits, 33 _sqq._;
ceremonies at cutting down, 34 _sqq._;
drenched with water as a rain-charm, 47;
grant women an easy delivery, 57 _sq._
—— and plants, attempts to deceive the spirits of, ii. 22 _sqq._
—— sacred, ii. 40 _sqq._;
smeared with blood, 367
Trinity, the Hindoo, i. 225, 404;
the Norse, ii. 364
Triumph, the Roman, ii. 174
Troezen, sanctuary of Hippolytus at, i. 24 _sq._
Troy, sanctuary of Athena at, ii. 284
“True Man, the,” i. 413
Trumpets, sacred, ii. 24
Tshi-speaking peoples of Gold Coast, i. 132
Tullius Hostilius, killed by lightning, ii. 181, 320
Tumleo, i. 213
Turner, Dr. George, i. 341
Turner’s picture of “The Golden Bough,” i. 1
Turning or whirling round, custom of, observed by mummers, i. 273, 275,
ii. 74, 80, 81, 87
“Twin,” name applied by the Baganda to the navel-string, i. 195, 196
Twins, i. 145;
in war, 49 _n._ 3;
taboos laid on parents of, 262, 263 _sq._;
supposed to possess magical powers, especially over the weather and
rain, 262-269;
supposed to be salmon, 263;
thought to be related to grizzly-bears, 264 _sq._;
thought to be related to apes, 265;
thought to be the sons of lightning, 266;
called the children of the sky, 267, 268;
water poured on graves of twins as a rain-charm, 268;
customs of the Baganda in regard to, ii. 102 _sq._
Two-headed bust at Nemi, portrait of the King of the Wood, i. 41 _sq._
Tydeus, ii. 278
Tylor, E. B., i. 53 _n._ 1, ii. 208, 244 _n._ 1, 374 _n._ 2;
on fertilisation of date-palm, 25 _n._
Tyndarids (Castor and Pollux), i. 49
Uganda, Queen Dowager and Queen Sister in, ii. 275 _sq._
Ulysses and Aeolus, i. 326;
and Penelope, ii. 300
Umbrians, ordeal of battle among the, ii. 321
Uncle, maternal, preferred to father, mark of mother-kin, ii. 285
Upsala, sacred grove at, ii. 9;
temple of Frey at, 144;
great temple and festival at, 364 _sq._
Urns, funereal, in shape of huts, ii. 201 _sq._
Urvasi and Pururavas, ii. 250
Vallabhacharyas, the, Hindoo sect, ii. 160
Varro, ii. 185, 200, 326, 381
Vatican hill, the, ii. 186
Vaughan Stevens, H., ii. 236 _n._ 1
Vegetation, influence of the sexes on, ii. 97 _sqq._;
spirit of, represented by a king or queen, ii. 84, 87, 88;
newly awakened in spring, ii. 70;
brought to houses, 74;
represented by mummers dressed in leaves, branches, and flowers, 74
_sqq._, 78 _sqq._;
represented by a tree and a living man, 76;
represented in duplicate by a girl and an effigy, 78;
men and women masquerading as, 120
Vejovis, the Little Jupiter, ii. 179
Veleda, deified woman, i. 391
Veneti, the, ii. 353;
breeders of horses, i. 27
Ventriloquism a basis of political power, i. 347
Venus (Aphrodite) and Adonis, i. 21, 25, 40, 41
Verrall, A. W., ii. 25 _n._ 2
Vesta, her sacred fires in Latium, i. 13 _sq._;
at Rome, the grove of, ii. 185;
called Mother, not Virgin, 198;
round temple of, 200 _sq._;
as Mother, 227 _sqq._;
a goddess of fecundity, 229 _sq._;
her fire at Rome fed with oak wood, ii. 186
Vestal fire at Rome a successor of the fire on the king’s hearth, ii.
200 _sqq._;
kindled by the friction of wood, 207;
at Nemi, 378 _sq._, 380;
Virgins in Latium, i. 13 _sq._;
become mothers by the fire, ii. 196 _sq._;
regarded as wives of the fire-god, 198, 199, 229;
among the Baganda, 246
Vestals, house of the, ii. 201;
of the Herero, 213, 214;
custom of burying alive unfaithful Vestals, 228;
adore the male organ, 229;
rites performed by them for the fertility of the earth and the
fecundity of cattle, 229, 326;
African, 150;
at Rome the wives or daughters of the kings, 228;
Celtic, 241 _n._ 1;
Peruvian, 243 _sqq._;
in Yucatan, 245 _sq._
Victims give signs of inspiration by shaking themselves, i. 384 _sq._
Victoria, the late Queen, worshipped in Orissa, i. 404
Victoria Nyanza, god of the, ii. 150
Viehe, Rev. G., ii. 213 _n._ 2, 223 _sq._
Vines blessed on the Assumption of the Virgin (15th August), i. 14
_sq._
Violent deaths of the Roman kings, ii. 313 _sqq._
Viracocha, i. 56
Virbius, the slope of, i. 4 _n._ 5, ii. 321;
the mate of Diana at Nemi, i. 19-21, 40 _sq._, ii. 129;
etymology of the name, 379 _n._ 5
Virgil, ii. 184, 186, 379;
an antiquary as well as a poet, 178
Virgin, the Assumption of the, in relation to Diana, i. 14-16;
festival of the, in the Armenian Church, 16;
Mary of Kevlaar, i. 77;
priestesses in Peru, Mexico, and Yucatan, ii. 243 _sqq._
Virginity offered to rivers, ii. 162
Virility, hierophant at Eleusis temporarily deprived of his, ii. 130;
sacrifice of, to a goddess, 144 _sq._
Vishnu, ii. 26
Vitellius at Nemi, i. 5
Vituperation thought to cause rain, i. 278
Votive offerings at Nemi, i. 4, 6, 12, 19, 23
Voyages, telepathy in, i. 126
Vulcan, father of Caeculus, ii. 197
Vulture, magic of, i. 151
Wagogo, the, i. 123
Wagtail, the yellow, in magic, i. 79
_Walber_, the, ii. 75
Waldemar, I., King of Denmark, i. 367
Wallace, Sir D. Mackenzie, i. 407 _sq._
Walos, the, of Senegal, i. 370
Walpurgis Night, ii. 52, 54, 55, 127
Walton, Izaak, i. 326 _n._ 2
War, telepathy in, i. 126 _sqq._
“War, the sleep of,” ii. 147
Ward, Professor H. Marshall, ii. 252, 315 _n._ 1
Ward, Professor James, i. 423
Warramunga, the, i. 93, 95, 99
Wasps in magic, i. 152
Water sprinkled as rain-charm, i. 248 _sqq._;
serpent or dragon of, ii. 155 _sqq._
—— and Fire, kings of, ii. 3 _sqq._
—— -lilies, charms to make water-lilies grow, i. 95, 97, 98
—— nymphs, fertilising virtue of, ii. 162
—— -spirits, propitiation of, ii. 76;
sacrifices to, 155 _sqq._;
as beneficent beings, 159;
bestow offspring on women, 159 _sqq._
—— totem, i. 259
Waterfalls, spirits of, ii. 156, 157
Wax melted in magic, i. 77
Wealth acquired by magicians, i. 347, 348, 351, 352
Weapon and wound, contagious magic of, i. 201 _sqq._
Weaving and twining thread forbidden, i. 131
Wellhausen, J., i. 303
Wells cleansed as rain-charm, i. 267;
married to the holy basil, ii. 26 _sq._;
bestow offspring on women, 160 _sq._
Wends, their superstition as to oaks, ii. 55
Werner, Miss A., ii. 317 _n._ 1
Wernicke, quoted, i. 35 _sq._
Wetting people with water as a rain-charm, i. 250, 251, 269 _sq._, 272,
273, 274, 275, 277 _sq._, ii. 77
Whale-fishing, telepathy in, i. 121
Whirling or turning round, custom of, observed by mummers, i. 273, 275,
ii. 74, 80, 81, 87
Whirlwind, attacking the, i. 329 _sqq._
White bulls sacrificed, ii. 188 _sq._
—— horses, sacred, ii. 174 _n._ 2
—— poplar, the, at Olympia, ii. 220
—— thorn, a charm against witches, ii. 191
—— victims sacrificed for sunshine, i. 291, 292
Whitekirk, ii. 161
Whit-Monday, the king’s game on, ii. 89, 103
Whitsun-bride in Denmark, ii. 91 _sq._
Whitsunday customs in Russia, ii. 64, 93;
races, ii. 69, 84;
contest for the kingship at, 89;
custom of rolling on the fields at, 103;
customs in Holland, 104
—— Bride, the, ii. 89, 96
—— Basket, the, ii. 83
—— Flower, ii. 80
—— King, ii. 84, 89, 90
—— -lout, the, ii. 81
—— Man, the Little, ii. 81
—— Queen, ii. 87, 90
Widow, re-marriage of, in Salic law, ii. 285 _sq._
Wiedemann, A., i. 230 _sq._
Wiglet and Feng, ii. 281, 283
Wilhelmina, a Bohemian woman, worshipped, i. 409
Wilkinson, R. J., ii. 383 _n._ 1
William the Third, i. 369
Willow tree on St. George’s Day, ii. 76
Wind, magical control of the, i. 319 _sqq._;
charms to make the wind drop, 320;
fighting and killing the spirit of the, 327 _sqq._
—— clan, i. 320
—— of the Cross, i. 325
—— doctor, i. 321
Winds tied up in knots, i. 326
Wine not offered to the sun-god, i. 311
Wiradjuri tribe, i. 335
Wissowa, Professor G., i. 22 _n._ 5, 23 _n._, ii. 382 _n._ 1
Witches raising the wind, i. 322, 326;
buried under trees, ii. 32;
steal milk on May Day or Walpurgis Night, 52 _sqq._;
steal milk on Midsummer Eve, 127;
steal milk on Eve of St. George, 334 _sqq._;
precautions against, 52 _sqq._;
as cats and dogs, 334, 335
Witches’ sabbath on the Eve of St. George, ii. 335, 338
Witchetty grubs, ceremony for the multiplication of, i. 85
“Wives of Marduk,” ii. 130
Wizards who raise winds, i. 323 _sqq._;
Finnish, 325
Wolves in relation to horses, i. 27;
feared by shepherds, ii. 327, 329, 330 _sq._, 333, 334, 340, 341
Women, fruitful, supposed to fertilise crops and fruit-trees, i. 140
_sq._;
employed to sow the fields, 141 _sq._;
ploughing as a rain-charm, 282 _sq._;
worshipped by the ancient Germans, 391;
married to gods, ii. 129 _sqq._, 143 _sq._, 146 _sq._, 149 _sqq._;
fertilised by water-spirits, 159 _sqq._;
impregnated by fire, 195 _sqq._, 230 _sq._;
alone allowed to make pottery, 204 _sq._
—— barren, thought to sterilise gardens, i. 142;
fertilised by trees, ii. 316 _sqq._
Wood, fire kindled by the friction of, ii. 207 _sqq._, 235 _sqq._, 243,
248 _sqq._, 258 _sq._, 262, 263, 336, 366, 372
Wood, the King of the, i. 1 _sqq._;
Lord of the, ii. 36
Woods, species of, used in making fire by friction, ii. 248-252
Wordsworth, W., i. 104
Worship of trees, ii. 7 _sqq._;
of the oak, 349 _sqq._
Wotyaks, the, ii. 43, 145, 146
Wound and weapon, contagious magic of, i. 201 _sqq._
Wyse, Miss A., ii. 88 _n._ 1
Wyse, William, i. 101 _n._ 2, 105 _n._ 5, ii. 356 _n._ 3
Yakuts, the, i. 319
Yam vines, continence at training, ii. 105 _sq._
Yegory or Yury (St. George), ii. 332, 333
Yellow birds in magic, i. 79 _sq._
—— colour in magic, i. 79 _sqq._
—— River, girls married to the, ii. 152
Ynglingar family, ii. 279
Yorubas, the, i. 364;
chieftainship among the, ii. 293 _sq._;
rule of succession to the chieftainship among the, 293 _sq._
Yucatan, Vestals in, ii. 245 _sq._
Yuracares, the, of Bolivia, ii. 204
Zela, i. 47
Zeus, Greek kings called, ii. 177, 361;
as god of the oak, the rain, the thunder, and the sky, 358 _sqq._;
surnamed Lightning, 361;
surnamed Thunderbolt, 361;
as sky-god, 374
—— and Demeter, their marriage at Eleusis, ii. 138 _sq._
—— and Dione, at Dodona, ii. 189
—— and Hera, sacred marriage of, ii. 140 _sq._, 142 _sq._
—— at Dodona, ii. 177;
priests of, 248
—— at Panamara in Caria, i. 28
—— Dictaean, ii. 122
—— Lightning, i. 33
—— Lycaeus, i. 309
—— Panhellenian, ii. 359
—— Rainy, ii. 376
—— Showery, ii. 360
—— the Descender, ii. 361
Zimmer, H., ii. 286 _n._ 2
Zulus, foods tabooed among the, i. 118 _sq._
THE END
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Works by Sir J. G. FRAZER, D.C.L., LL.D.
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● Transcriber’s Notes:
○ Missing or obscured punctuation was silently corrected.
○ Typographical errors were silently corrected.
○ Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation were made consistent only
when a predominant form was found in this book.
○ Text that was in italics is enclosed by underscores (_italics_).
○ Footnotes have been moved to follow the chapters in which they are
referenced.
○ Sidenotes are placed in the text where, in the original book, they
were in
the left margin near the text.