Ø AlÏca¶zar (?), n. [Sp., fr. Ar. al the + qacr (in pl.) a castle.] A fortress; also, a royal palace.
Prescott.
Ø AlÏce¶do (?), n. [L., equiv. to Gr. ?. See Halcyon.] (Zo”l.) A genus of perching birds, including the European kingfisher (Alcedo ispida). See Halcyon.
AlÏchem¶ic (?), AlÏchem¶icÏal (?), } a. [Cf. F. alchimique.] Of or relating to alchemy.
AlÏchem¶icÏalÏly, adv. In the manner of alchemy.
Al¶cheÏmist (?), n. [Cf. OF. alquemiste, F. alchimiste.] One who practices alchemy.
You are alchemist; make gold.
Shak.
Al·cheÏmis¶tic (?), Al·cheÏmis¶ticÏal (?), } a. Relating to or practicing alchemy.
Metaphysical and alchemistical legislators.
Burke.
Al¶cheÏmisÏtry (?), n. Alchemy. [Obs.]
Al¶cheÏmize (?), v. t. To change by alchemy; to transmute.
Lovelace.
Al¶cheÏmy (?), n. [OF. alkemie, arquemie, F. alchimie, Ar. alÏkÆmÆa, fr. late Gr. ?, for ?, a mingling, infusion, ? juice, liquid, especially as extracted from plants, fr. ? to pour; for chemistry was originally the art of extracting the juices from plants for medicinal purposes. Cf. Sp. alquimia, It. alchimia. Gr. ? is prob. akin to L. fundere to pour, Goth. guitan, AS. ge¢tan, to pour, and so to E. fuse. See Fuse, and cf. Chemistry.] 1. An imaginary art which aimed to transmute the baser metals into gold, to find the panacea, or universal remedy for diseases, etc. It led the way to modern chemistry.
2. A mixed metal composed mainly of brass, formerly used for various utensils; hence, a trumpet. [Obs.]
Put to their mouths the sounding alchemy.
Milton.
3. Miraculous power of transmuting something common into something precious.
Kissing with golden face the meadows green,
Gilding pale streams with heavenly alchemy.
Shak.
AlÏchym¶ic (?), a., Al¶chyÏmist (?), n., Al·chyÏmis¶tic (?), a., Al¶chyÏmy (?), n. See Alchemic, Alchemist, Alchemistic, Alchemy.
Ø Al¶co (?), n. A small South American dog, domesticated by the aborigines.
Al¶coÏate (?), Al¶coÏhate (?), } n. Shortened forms of Alcoholate.
Al¶coÏhol (?), n. [Cf. F. alcool, formerly written alcohol, Sp. alcohol alcohol, antimony, galena, OSp. alcofol; all fr. Ar. alÐkohl a powder of antimony or galena, to paint the eyebrows with. The name was afterwards applied, on account of the fineness of this powder, to highly rectified spirits, a signification unknown in Arabia. The Sp. word has bot meanings. Cf. Alquifou.] 1. An impalpable powder. [Obs.]
2. The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by distillation. [Obs.]
Boyle.
3. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit (called also ethyl alcohol); the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid containing it is considerable quantity. It is extracted by simple distillation from various vegetable juices and infusions of a saccharine nature, which have undergone vinous fermentation.
µ As used in the U. S. ½Pharmacop?ia, alcohol contains 91 per cent by weight of ethyl ~ and 9 per cent of water; and d???ted alcohol (proof spirit) contains 45.5 per cent by weight of ethyl ~ and 54.5 per cent of water.
4. ( Organic Chem.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic ~ in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are hydroxides of certain organic radicals; as, the radical ethyl forms common or ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH); methyl forms methyl alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood spirit; amyl forms amyl alcohol (C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc.
Al¶coÏholÏate (?), n. [Cf. F. alcolaie.] (Chem.) A crystallizable compound of a salt with alcohol, in which the latter plays a part analogous to that of water of crystallization.
Graham.
Al·coÏhol¶aÏture (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolature.] (Med.) An alcoholic tincture prepared with fresh plants.
New Eng. Dict.
Al·coÏhol¶ic (?), a. [Cf. F. alcolique.] Of or pertaining to alcohol, or partaking of its qualities; derived from, or caused by, alcohol; containing alcohol; as, alcoholic mixtures; alcoholic gastritis; alcoholic odor.
Al·coÏhol¶ic, n. 1. A person given to the use of ~ liquors.
2. pl. ÷ liquors.
Al¶coÏholÏism (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolisme.] (Med.) A diseased condition of the system, brought about by the continued use of alcoholic liquors.
Al·coÏhol·iÏza¶tion (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolisation.] 1. The act of reducing a substance to a fine or impalpable powder. [Obs.]
Johnson.
2. The act rectifying spirit.
3. Saturation with alcohol; putting the animal system under the influence of alcoholic liquor.
Al¶coÏholÏize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alcoholized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Alcoholizing.] [Cf. F. alcooliser.] 1. To reduce to a fine powder. [Obs.]
Johnson.
2. To convert into alcohol; to rectify; also, to saturate with alcohol.
Al·coÏholÏom¶eÏter (?), Al·coÏhol¶meÏter (?), } n. [Alcohol + Ïmeter.] (Chem.) An instrument for determining the strength of spirits, with a scale graduated so as to indicate the percentage of pure alcohol, either by weight or volume. It is usually a form of hydrometer with a special scale.
Al·coÏhol·oÏmet¶ric (?), Al·coÏhol·oÏmet¶ricÏal (?), Al·coÏholÏmet¶ricÏal (?), } a. Relating to the alcoholometer or alcoholometry.
The alcoholometrical strength of spirituous liquors.
Ure.
Al·coÏhol¶om¶eÏtry (?), n. The process or method of ascertaining the proportion of pure alcohol which spirituous liquors contain.
Al·coÏhom¶eÏter (?), n., Al·coÏhoÏmet¶ric, a. Same as Alcoholometer, Alcoholometric.
Al·coÏ”m¶eÏtry (?), n. See Alcoholometry.
µ The chemists say alcomŠtre, alcoomŠtrie, doubtless by the suppression of a syllable in order to avoid a disagreeable sequence of sounds. (Cf. Idolatry.)
Littr‚.
Al¶coÏran (?; 277), n. [F. alcoran, fr. Ar. alÐqor¾n, orig. the reading, the book, fr. qaraa to read. Cf. Koran.] The Mohammedan Scriptures; the Koran (now the usual form). [Spelt also Alcoran.]
Al·coÏran¶ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Koran.
Al·coÏran¶ist, n. One who adheres to the letter of the Koran, rejecting all traditions.
Al¶cove (?; 277), n. [F. alc“ve, Sp. or Pg. alcoba, from Ar. alÐquobbah arch, vault, tent.] 1. (Arch.) A recessed portion of a room, or a small room opening into a larger one; especially, a recess to contain a bed; a lateral recess in a library.
2. A small ornamental building with seats, or an arched seat, in a pleasure ground; a garden bower.
Cowper.
3. Any natural recess analogous to an ~ or recess in an apartment.
The youthful wanderers found a wild alcove.
Falconer.
Al¶cyÏon (?), n. See Halcyon.
Ø Al·cyÏoÏna¶ceÏa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo”l.) A group of softÐbodied Alcyonaria, of which Alcyonium is the type. See Illust. under Alcyonaria.
Ø Al·cyÏoÏna¶riÏa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zo”l.) One of the orders of Anthozoa. It includes the Alcyonacea, Pennatulacea, and Gorgonacea.
Ø AlÏcy¶oÏnes (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of Alcyon.] (Zo”l.) The kingfishers.
Al·cyÏon¶ic (?), a. (Zo”l.) Of or pertaining to the Alcyonaria.
Ø Al·cyÏo¶niÏum (?), n. [Gr. ? a zo”phyte, so called from being like the halcyon's nest.] (Zo”l.) A genus of fleshy Alcyonaria, its polyps somewhat resembling flowers with eight fringed rays. The term was also formerly used for certain species of sponges.
Al¶cyÏoÏnoid (?), a. [Gr. ? + Ïoid.] (Zo”l.) Like or pertaining to the Alcyonaria. Ð n. A zo”phyte of the order Alcyonaria.
Al¶day (?), adv. Continually. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
AlÏdeb¶aÏran (?), n. [Ar. alÏdebar¾n, fr. dabar to follow; so called because this star follows upon the Pleiades.] (Astron.) A red star of the first magnitude, situated in the eye of Taurus; the Bull's Eye. It is the bright star in the group called the Hyades.
Now when Aldebaran was mounted high
Above the shiny Cassiopeia's chair.
Spenser.
Ai¶deÏhyde (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. alcohol dehydrogenatum, alcohol deprived of its hydrogen.] (Chem.) A colorless, mobile, and very volatile liquid obtained from alcohol by certain of oxidation.
µ The aldehydes are intermediate between the alcohols and acids, and differ from the alcohols in having two less hydrogen atoms in the molecule, as common aldehyde (called also acetic aldehyde or ethyl aldehyde), C2H4O; methyl aldehyde, CH2O.
÷ ammonia (Chem.), a compound formed by the union of ~ with ammonia.
Al·deÏhy¶dic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to aldehyde; as, aldehydic acid.
Miller.
Al¶der (?), n. [OE. aldir, aller, fr. AS. alr, aler, alor, akin to D. els, G. erle, Icel. erlir, erli, Swed. al, Dan. elle, el, L. alnus, and E. elm.] (Bot.) A tree, usually growing in moist land, and belonging to the genus Alnus. The wood is used by turners, etc.; the bark by dyers and tanners. In the U. S. the species of alder are usually shrubs or small trees.
Black ~. (a) A European shrub (Rhamnus frangula); ~ buckthorn. (b) An American species of holly (Ilex verticillata), bearing red berries.
Al¶der (?), Al¶ler (?), } a. [From ealra, alra, gen. pl. of AS. eal. The d is excrescent.] Of all; Ð used in composition; as, alderbest, best of all, alderwisest, wisest of all. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Al·derÐlief¶est (?), a. [For allerliefest dearest of all. See Lief.] Most beloved. [Obs.]
Shak.
Al¶derÏman (?), n.; pl. Aldermen (?). [AS. aldormon, ealdorman; ealdor an elder + man. See Elder, n.] 1. A senior or superior; a person of rank or dignity. [Obs.]
µ The title was applied, among the AngloÐSaxons, to princes, dukes, earls, senators, and presiding magistrates; also to archbishops and bishops, implying superior wisdom or authority. Thus Ethelstan, duke of the EastÐAnglians, was called Alderman of all England; and there were aldermen of cities, counties, and castles, who had jurisdiction within their respective districts.
3. One of a board or body of municipal officers next in order to the mayor and having a legislative function. They may, in some cases, individually exercise some magisterial and administrative functions.
Al¶derÏmanÏcy (?), n. The office of an alderman.
Al¶derÏman¶ic (?), a. Relating to, becoming to, or like, an alderman; characteristic of an alderman.
Al·derÏman¶iÏty (?), n. 1. Aldermen collectively; the body of aldermen.
2. The state of being an alderman. [Jocular]
Al·derÏmanÏlike· (?), a. Like or suited to an alderman.
Al¶derÏmanÏly, a. Pertaining to, or like, an alderman.
Al¶derÏmanÏly, a. Pertaining to, or like, an alderman. ½An aldermanly discretion.¸
Swift.
Al¶derÏmanÏry (?), n. 1. The district or ward of an alderman.
2. The office or rank of an alderman. [R.]
B. Jonson.
Al¶derÏmanÏship, n. The condition, position, or office of an alderman.
Fabyan.
Al¶dern (?), a. Made of alder.
Al¶derÏney (?), n. One of a breed of cattle raised in Alderney, one of the Channel Islands. Alderneys are of a dun or tawny color and are often called Jersey cattle. See Jersey, 3.
Al¶dine (?; 277), a. (Bibliog.) An epithet applied to editions (chiefly of the classics) which proceeded from the press of Aldus Manitius, and his family, of Venice, for the most part in the 16th century and known by the sign of the anchor and the dolphin. The term has also been applied to certain elegant editions of English works.
Ale (?), n. [AS. ealu, akin to Icel., Sw., and Dan. ”l, Lith. alus a kind of beer, OSlav. ol? beer. Cf. Ir. ol drink, drinking.] 1. An intoxicating liquor made from an infusion of malt by fermentation and the addition of a bitter, usually hops.
µ The word ale, in England and the United States, usually designates a heavier kind of fermented liquor, and the word beer a lighter kind. The word beer is also in common use as the generic name for all malt liquors.
2. A festival in English country places, so called from the liquor drunk. ½At wakes and ales.¸ B. Jonson.½On ember eves and holy ales.¸ Shak.
AÏleak¶ (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aÏ + leak.] In a leaking condition.
A¶leÏaÏtoÏry (?), a. [L. aleatorius, fr. alea chance, die.] (Law) Depending on some uncertain contingency; as, an aleatory contract.
Bouvier.
Ale¶bench· (?), n. A bench in or before an alehouse.
Bunyan.
Ale¶ber·ry (?), n. [OE. alebery, alebrey; ale + bre broth, fr. AS. brÆw pottage.] A beverage, formerly made by boiling ale with spice, sugar, and sops of bread.
Their aleberries, caudles, possets.
Beau. & Fl.
AÏlect¶iÏthal (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? yelk.] (Biol.) Applied to those ova which segment uniformly, and which have little or no food yelk embedded in their protoplasm.
Balfour.
Ale¶con¶ner (?), n. [Ale + con, OE. cunnen to test, AS. cunnian to test. See Con.] Orig., an officer appointed to look to the goodness of ale and beer; also, one of the officers chosen by the liverymen of London to insect the measures used in public houses. But the office is a sinecure. [Also called aletaster.] [Eng.]
Ale¶cost· (?), n. [Ale + L. costus an aromatic plant: cf. Costmary.] (Bot.) The plant costmary, which was formerly much used for flavoring ale.
Ø Al·ecÏtor¶iÏdes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a cock.] (Zo”l.) A group of birds including the common fowl and the pheasants.
AÏlec·toÏrom¶aÏchy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + ? fight.] Cockfighting.
AÏlec¶toÏroÏman·cy (?), n. See Alectryomancy.
AÏlec·tryÏom'aÏchy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + ? fight.] Cockfighting.
AÏlec¶tryÏoÏman·cy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + Ïmancy.] Divination by means of a cock and grains of corn placed on the letters of the alphabet, the letters being put together in the order in which the grains were eaten.
Amer. Cyc.
AÏlee¶ (?), adv. [Pref. aÏ + lee.] (Naut.) On or toward the lee, or the side away from the wind; the opposite of aweather. The helm of a ship is alee when pressed close to the lee side.
Hard ~, or Luff ~, an order to put the helm to the lee side.
Al¶eÏgar (?), n. [Ale + eager sour, F. aigre. Cf. Vinegar.] Sour ale; vinegar made of ale.
Cecil.
Al¶eÏger (?), a. [F. allŠgre, earlier alŠgre, fr. L. alacer.] Gay; cheerful; sprightly. [Obs.]
Bacon.
AÏlegge¶ (?), v. t. [OE. aleggen, alegen, OF. alegier, F. all‚ger, fr. LL. alleviare, for L. allevare to lighten; ad + levis light. Cf. Alleviate, Allay, Allege.] To allay or alleviate; to lighten. [Obs.]
That shall alegge this bitter blast.
Spenser.
Ale¶hoof· (?), n. [AS. h?fe ground ivy; the first part is perh. a corruption: cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove,
<p. 38>
ground ivy, ½in old MSS. heyhowe, heyoue, haihoue, halehoue.¸ Prior.] Ground ivy (Nepeta Glechoma).
Ale¶house· (?), n. A house where ale is retailed; hence, a tippling house.
Macaulay.
Ale¶Ðknight· (?), n. A pot companion. [Obs.]
Al·eÏman¶nic (?), a. Belonging to the Alemanni, a confederacy of warlike German tribes.
Al·eÏman¶nic, n. The language of the Alemanni.
The Swabian dialect... is known as the Alemannic.
Amer. Cyc.
AÏlem¶bic (?), n. [F. alambic (cf. Sp. alambique), Ar. alÐanbÆq, fr. Gr. ? cup, cap of a still. The cap or head was the alembic proper. Cf. Limbec.] An apparatus formerly used in distillation, usually made of glass or metal. It has mostly given place to the retort and worm still.
Used also metaphorically.
The alembic of a great poet's imagination.
Brimley.
AÏlem¶broth (?), n. [Origin uncertain.] The salt of wisdom of the alchemists, a double salt composed of the chlorides of ammonium and mercury. It was formerly used as a stimulant.
Brande & C.
A·len·con¶ lace¶ (?). See under Lace.
AÏlength¶ (?), adv. [Pref. aÏ + length.] At full length; lenghtwise.
Chaucer.
AÏlep¶iÏdote , a. [Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, a scale.] (Zo”l.) Not having scales. Ð n. A fish without scales.
Ale¶pole· (?), n. A pole set up as the sign of an alehouse. [Obs.]
AÏlert¶ (?), a. [F. alerte, earlier … l'erte on the watch, fr. It. all' erta on the watch, prop. (standing) on a height, where one can look around; erta a declivity, steep, erto steep, p. p. of ergere, erigere, to erect, raise, L. erigere. See Erect.] 1. Watchful; vigilant; active in vigilance.
2. Brisk; nimble; moving with celerity.
An alert young fellow.
Addison.
Syn. - Active; agile; lively; quick; prompt.
AÏlert¶, n. (Mil.) An alarm from a real or threatened attack; a sudden attack; also, a bugle sound to give warning. ½We have had an alert.¸
Farrow.
On the ~, on the lookout or watch against attack or danger; ready to act.
AÏlert¶ly, adv. In an alert manner; nimbly.
AÏlert¶ness, n. The quality of being alert or on the alert; briskness; nimbleness; activity.
Ale¶ sil·ver (?). A duty payable to the lord mayor of London by the sellers of ale within the city.
Ale¶stake (?), n. A stake or pole projecting from, or set up before, an alehouse, as a sign; an alepole. At the end was commonly suspended a garland, a bunch of leaves, or a ½bush.¸ [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ale¶tast·er (?), n. See Aleconner. [Eng.]
AÏle·thiÏol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Gr. ? truth + Ïlogy.] The science which treats of the nature of truth and evidence.
Sir W. Hamilton.
AÏleth¶oÏscope (?), n. [Gr. ? true + ? to view.] An instrument for viewing pictures by means of a lens, so as to present them in their natural proportions and relations.
AÏleu¶roÏman·cy (?), n. [Gr. ? wheaten flour + Ïmancy: cf. F. aleuromancie.] Divination by means of flour.
Encyc. Brit.
Al·euÏrom¶eÏter (?), n. [Gr. ? flour + Ïmeter.] An instrument for determining the expansive properties, or quality, of gluten in flour.
Knight.
AÏleu¶rone (?), n. [Gr. ? flour.] (Bot.) An albuminoid substance which occurs in minute grains (½protein granules¸) in maturing seeds and tubers; Ð supposed to be a modification of protoplasm.
Al·euÏron¶ic (?), a. (Bot.) Having the nature of aleurone.
D. C. Eaton.
AÏleu¶tian (?), AÏleu¶tic (?), } a. [Said to be from the Russ. aleut a bold rock.] Of or pertaining to a chain of islands between Alaska and Kamtchatka; also, designating these islands.
Al¶eÏvin (?), n. [F. alevin, OF. alever to rear, fr. L. ad + levare to raise.] Young fish; fry.
AÏlew¶ (?), n. Halloo. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Ale¶wife· (?), n.; pl. Alewives (?). A woman who keeps an alehouse.
Gay.
Ale¶wife·, n.; pl. Alewives. [This word is properly aloof, the Indian name of a fish. See Winthrop on the culture of maize in America, ½Phil Trans.¸ No. 142, p. 1065, and Baddam's ½Memoirs,¸ vol. ii. p. 131.] (Zo”l.) A North American fish (Clupea vernalis) of the Herring family. It is called also ellwife, ellwhop, branch herring. The name is locally applied to other related species.
Al·exÏan¶ders (?), Al·iÏsan¶ders (?), n. [OE. alisaundre, OF. alissandere, fr. Alexander or Alexandria.] (Bot) A name given to two species of the genus Smyrnium, formerly cultivated and used as celery now is; Ð called also horse parsely.
Al·exÏan¶driÏan (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to Alexandria in Egypt; as, the Alexandrian library.
2. Applied to a kind of heroic verse. See Alexandrine, n.
Al·exÏan¶drine (?; 277), a. Belonging to Alexandria; Alexandrian.
Bancroft.
Al·exÏan¶drine (?)(?), n. [F. alexandrin.] A kind of verse consisting in English of twelve syllables.
The needless Alexandrine ends the song,
That, like a wounded snake, drags its slow length along.
Pope.
AÏlex·iÏphar¶mac (?), AÏlex·iÏphar¶maÏcal (?), } a. & n. [See Alexipharmic.] Alexipharmic. [Obs.]
AÏlex·iÏphar¶mic (?), AÏlex·iÏphar¶micÏal (?), } a. [Gr. ? keeping off poison; ? to keep off + ? drug, poison: cf. F. alexipharmaque.] (Med.) Expelling or counteracting poison; antidotal.
AÏlex·iÏphar¶mic (?), n. (Med.) An antidote against poison or infection; a counterpoison.
AÏlex·iÏpyÏret¶ic (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? burning heat, fever, ? fire.] (Med.) Serving to drive off fever; antifebrile. Ð n. A febrifuge.
AÏlex·iÏter¶ic (?), AÏlex·iÏter¶icÏal (?), } a. [Gr. ? fit to keep off or help, fr. ? one who keeps off, helper; ? to keep off: cf. F. alexitŠre.] (med.) Resisting poison; obviating the effects of venom; alexipharmic.
AÏlex·iÏter¶ic, n. [Gr. ? a remedy, an amulet: cf. F. alexitŠre, LL. alexiterium.] (Med.) A preservative against contagious and infectious diseases, and the effects of poison in general.
Brande & C.
Ø Al¶fa (?) or Al¶fa grass¶ (?), n. A plant (Macrochloa tenacissima) of North Africa; also, its fiber, used in paper making.
AlÏfal¶fa (?), n. [Sp.] (Bot.) The lucern (Medicago sativa); Ð so called in California, Texas, etc.
Al¶feÏnide (?), n. (Metal.) An alloy of nickel and silver electroplated with silver.
Ø AlÏfe¶res (?), n. [Sp., fr. Ar. alÏf¾rs knight.] An ensign; a standard bearer. [Obs.]
J. Fletcher.
Al¶fet , n. [LL. alfetum, fr. AS. ¾lf‘t a pot to boil in; ¾l burning + f‘t vat.] A caldron of boiling water into which an accused person plunged his forearm as a test of innocence or guilt.
Ø AlÏfil·aÏri¶a (?), n. (Bot.) The pin grass (Erodium cicutarium), a weed in California.
Ø Al·fiÏo¶ne (?), n. (Zo”l.) An edible marine fish of California (Rhacochilus toxotes).
Ø AlÏfres¶co (?), adv. & a. [It. al fresco in or on the fresh.] In the openÐair.
Smollett.
Ø Al¶ga (?), n.; pl. Alg‘ (?). [L., seaweed.] (Bot.) A kind of seaweed; pl. the class of cellular cryptogamic plants which includes the black, red, and green seaweeds, as kelp, dulse, sea lettuce, also marine and fresh water conferv‘, etc.
Al¶gal (?), a,. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or like, alg‘.
Ø Al·gaÏro¶ba (?), n. [Sp. algarroba, fr. Ar. alÏkharr?bah. Cf. Carob.] (Bot.) (a) The Carob, a leguminous tree of the Mediterranean region; also, its edible beans or pods, called St. John's bread. (b) The Honey mesquite (Prosopis juliflora), a small tree found from California to Buenos Ayres; also, its sweet, pulpy pods. A valuable gum, resembling gum arabic, is collected from the tree in Texas and Mexico.
Al¶gaÏrot (?), Al¶gaÏroth (?), } n. [F. algaroth, fr. the name of the inventor, Algarotti.] (Med.) A term used for the Powder of Algaroth, a white powder which is a compound of trichloride and trioxide of antimony. It was formerly used in medicine as an emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic.
Ø Al·gaÏroÏvil¶la (?), n. The agglutinated seeds and husks of the legumes of a South American tree (Inga Marth‘). It is valuable for tanning leather, and as a dye.
Al¶gate (?), Al¶gates (?), } adv. [All + gate way. The s is and adverbial ending. See Gate.] 1. Always; wholly; everywhere. [Obs. or Dial.]
Ulna now he algates must forego.
Spenser.
µ Still used in the north of England in the sense of ½everywhere.¸
2. By any or means; at all events. [Obs.]
Fairfax.
3. Notwithstanding; yet. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Al¶gaÏzel· (?), n. [Ar. al the + ghaz¾l.] (Zo”l.) The true gazelle.
Al¶geÏbra (?), n. [LL. algebra, fr. Ar. alÐjebr reduction of parts to a whole, or fractions to whole numbers, fr. jabara to bind together, consolidate; alÐjebr w'almuq¾balah reduction and comparison (by equations): cf. F. algŠbre, It. & Sp. algebra.] 1. (Math.) That branch of mathematics which treats of the relations and properties of quantity by means of letters and other symbols. It is applicable to those relations that are true of every kind of magnitude.
2. A treatise on this science.
Al·geÏbra¶ic (?), Al·geÏbra¶icÏal (?), } a. Of or pertaining to algebra; containing an operation of algebra, or deduced from such operation; as, algebraic characters; algebraical writings.
Algebraic curve, a curve such that the equation which expresses the relation between the co”rdinates of its points involves only the ordinary operations of algebra; Ð opposed to a transcendental curve.
Al·geÏbra¶icÏalÏly, adv. By algebraic process.
Al¶geÏbra·ist (?), n. One versed in algebra.
Al¶geÏbraÏize (?)(?), v. t. To perform by algebra; to reduce to algebraic form.
AlÏge¶riÏan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Algeria. Ð n. A native of Algeria.
Al·geÏrine¶ (?), a. Of or pertaining to Algiers or Algeria.
Al·geÏrine¶, n. A native or one of the people of Algiers or Algeria. Also, a pirate.
Al¶gid (?), a. [L. algidus cold, fr. algere to be cold: cf. F. algide.] Cold; chilly.
Bailey.
÷ cholera (Med.), Asiatic cholera.
AlÏgid¶iÏty (?), n. Chilliness; coldness; especially (Med.), coldness and collapse.
Al¶gidÏness (?), n. Algidity. [Obs.]
AlÏgif¶ic (?), a. [L. algificus, fr. algus cold + facere to make.] Producing cold.
Al¶goid (?), a. [L. alga + Ïoid.] Of the nature of, or resembling, an alga.
Al¶gol (?), n. [Ar. alÐgh?l destruction, calamity, fr. gh¾la to take suddenly, destroy.] (Astron.) A fixed star, in Medusa's head, in the constellation Perseus, remarkable for its periodic variation in brightness.
Al·goÏlog¶icÏal (?), a. Of or pertaining to algology; as, algological specimens.
AlÏgol¶oÏgist (?), n. One learned about alg‘; a student of algology.
AlÏgol¶oÏgy (?), n. [L. alga seaweed + Ïlogy.] (Bot.) The study or science of alg‘ or seaweeds.
AlÏgon¶quin (?), AlÏgon¶kin (?), } n. One of a widely spread family of Indians, including many distinct tribes, which formerly occupied most of the northern and eastern part of North America. The name was originally applied to a group of Indian tribes north of the River St. Lawrence.
Ø Al¶gor (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Cold; chilliness.
Al¶goÏrism (?), Al¶goÏrithm (?), } n. [OE. algorism, algrim, augrim, OF. algorisme, F. algorithme (cf. Sp. algoritmo, OSp. alguarismo, LL. algorismus), fr. the Ar. alÐKhow¾rezmÆ of Khow¾rezm, the modern Khiwa, surname of Abu Ja'far Mohammed ben Mus¾, author of a work on arithmetic early in the 9th century, which was translated into Latin, such books bearing the name algorismus. The spelling with th is due to a supposed connection with Gr. ? number.] 1. The art of calculating by nine figures and zero.
2. The art of calculating with any species of notation; as, the algorithms of fractions, proportions, surds, etc.
Al¶gous (?), a. [L. algosus, fr. alga seaweed.] Of or pertaining to the alg‘, or seaweeds; abounding with, or like, seaweed.
Ø Al·guaÏzil¶ (?)(?), n. [Sp. alguacil, fr. Ar. alwazÆr the vizier. Cf. Vizier.] An inferior officer of justice in Spain; a warrant officer; a constable.
Prescott.
Al¶gum (?), n. Same as Almug (and etymologically preferable).
2 Chron. ii. 8.
AlÏham¶bra (?), n. [Ultimately fr. Ar. al the + hamr¾ red; i. e., the red (sc. house).] The palace of the Moorish kings at Granada.
Al·hamÏbra¶ic (?), Al·hamÏbresque¶ (?; 277), } a. Made or decorated after the fanciful style of the ornamentation in the Alhambra, which affords an unusually fine exhibition of Saracenic or Arabesque architecture.
Ø AlÏhen¶na (?), n. See Henna.
A¶liÏas (?), adv. [L., fr. alius. See Else.] (Law) (a) Otherwise; otherwise called; Ð a term used in legal proceedings to connect the different names of any one who has gone by two or more, and whose true name is for any cause doubtful; as, Smith, alias Simpson. (b) At another time.
A¶liÏas, n.; pl. Aliases (?). [L., otherwise, at another time.] (Law) (a) A second or further writ which is issued after a first writ has expired without effect. (b) Another name; an assumed name.
Al¶iÏbi (?), n. [L., elsewhere, at another place. See Alias.] (Law) The plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove that he was in another place when the alleged act was committed; as, to set up an alibi; to prove an alibi.
Al·iÏbil¶iÏty (?), n. Quality of being alible.
Al¶iÏble (?), a. [L. alibilis, fr. alere to nourish.] Nutritive; nourishing.
Al¶iÏcant (?), n. A kind of wine, formerly much esteemed; Ð said to have been made near Alicant, in Spain.
J. Fletcher.
Al¶iÏdade (?), n. [LL. alidada, alhidada, fr. Ar. alÏ'id¾da a sort of rule: cf. F. alidade.] The portion of a graduated instrument, as a quadrant or astrolabe, carrying the sights or telescope, and showing the degrees cut off on the arc of the instrument
Whewell.
Al¶ien (?), a. [OF. alien, L. alienus, fr. alius another; properly, therefore, belonging to another. See Else.] 1. Not belonging to the same country, land, or government, or to the citizens or subjects thereof; foreign; as, alien subjects, enemies, property, shores.
2. Wholly different in nature; foreign; adverse; inconsistent (with); incongruous; Ð followed by from or sometimes by to; as, principles alien from our religion.
An alien sound of melancholy.
Wordsworth.
÷ enemy (Law), one who owes allegiance to a government at war with ours.
Abbott.
Al¶ien, n. 1. A foreigner; one owing allegiance, or belonging, to another country; a foreignÐborn resident of a country in which he does not posses the privileges of a citizen. Hence, a stranger. See Alienage.
2. One excluded from certain privileges; one alienated or estranged; as, aliens from God's mercies.
Aliens from the common wealth of Israel.
Ephes. ii. 12.
Al¶ien, v. t. [F. ali‚ner, L. alienare.] To alienate; to estrange; to transfer, as property or ownership. [R.] ½It the son alien lands.¸
Sir M. Hale.
The prince was totally aliened from all thoughts of... the marriage.
Clarendon.
Al·ienÏaÏbil¶iÏty (?), n. Capability of being alienated. ½The alienability of the domain.¸
Burke.
Al¶ienÏaÏble (?), a. [Cf. F. ali‚nable.] Capable of being alienated, sold, or transferred to another; as, land is alienable according to the laws of the state.
Al¶ienÏage (?), n. [Cf. OF. ali‚nage.] 1. The state or legal condition of being an alien.
µ The disabilities of alienage are removable by naturalization or by special license from the State of residence, and in some of the United States by declaration of intention of naturalization.
Kent. Wharton.
Estates forfeitable on account of alienage.
Story.
2. The state of being alienated or transferred to another.
Brougham.
<p. 39>
Al¶ienÏate (?), a. [L. alienatus, p. p. of alienare, fr. alienus. See Alien, and cf. Aliene.] Estranged; withdrawn in affection; foreign; Ð with from.
O alienate from God.
Milton.