literal translation (with a collection also of poetic translations and
paraphrases by various authors). First edition, London, 1885. Second
edition, London and Chicago, 1887. Third edition, London, 1895. Fourth
edition, 1898, and fifth edition, London, 1907. First edition without the
revisions of later editions reprinted by Brentano, New York, in 1920,
with metrical paraphrases of Sappho by Anne Bunner.
WILAMOWITZ-MÖLLENDORFF, ULRICH VON, _Textgeschichte der griechischen
Lyriker_. Berlin, 1901.
WILAMOWITZ-MÖLLENDORFF und SCHUBART, _Berliner Klassikertexte_, Heft V.
Berlin, 1907.
WILAMOWITZ-MÖLLENDORFF, ULRICH VON, _Sappho und Simonides_ (with
translations). Berlin, 1913.
WILAMOWITZ-MÖLLENDORFF, ULRICH VON, _Griechische Verskunst_. Berlin, 1921.
WRIGHT, F. A., _Feminism in Greek Literature from Homer to Aristotle_.
New York, 1923.
KEY TO ILLUSTRATIONS
PLATE
2. PITTACUS, LORD OF LESBUS. See text page 22.
3. MYTILENE. See text page 23.
4. THE STORY OF PHAON. See text page 40.
5. THE BEAUTIFUL PHAON. See text page 40.
6. THE LEUCADIAN PROMONTORY. See text page 40.
7. ROMAN FRESCO. See text page 42.
8. A PAPYRUS OF THE THIRD CENTURY A.D. See text page 46.
9. A CYLIX BY SOTADES. See text page 93.
10. A GREEK COIN FROM MYTILENE. See text page 101.
11. IMPERIAL COINS. See text page 101.
12. A GREEK VASE. See text page 103.
13. A BLACK-FIGURED CALPIS. See text page 104.
14. LOST LUCANIAN (?) VASE. See text page 104.
15. GREEK ARYBALLUS. See text page 105.
16. A FIFTH CENTURY GREEK HYDRIA. See text page 106.
17. PHAON ABOUT TO FERRY APHRODITE ACROSS THE SEA. See text page 108.
18. A POMPEIAN FRESCO. See text page 108.
19. AN ANCIENT BUST PROBABLY OF SAPPHO. See text page 111.
20. THE OXFORD BUST, PROBABLY OF SAPPHO. See text page 112.
21. BUST PROBABLY OF SAPPHO. See text page 112.
22. STATUE OF SAPPHO. See text page 114.
23. A STATUE OF SAPPHO. See text page 115.
24. RAPHAEL’S PARNASSUS. See text page 117.
[Illustration: PLATE 2. PITTACUS, LORD OF LESBUS
One of the seven wise men of Greece, in whose reign Sappho was perhaps
banished to Sicily. The bust was found in Asia Minor in a Roman villa
(100 A.D.). Formerly in Baltimore in the collection of David M. Robinson,
now in the Museum of Budapest. Cf. _The Annual of the Budapest Museum_,
II, 1919-1920, p. 3. For other replicas cf. Lippold, _Griechische
Porträt-Statuen_, p. 72]
[Illustration: PLATE 3. MYTILENE
Looking across the severing sea to Asia Minor]
[Illustration: PLATE 4. THE STORY OF PHAON
From a fifth century hydria in Florence by the Meidias painter himself.
Phaon, tired of the ladies’ love-making, is seated in the middle below
with the inscription “Phaon” over his head. Aphrodite is above in a
chariot drawn by Pothos and Himeros. Reproduced from Milani, _Monumenti
Scelti del R. Museo Archeologico di Firenze_, pl. III]
[Illustration: PLATE 5. THE BEAUTIFUL PHAON
On a Greek vase in Palermo. Reproduced from Furtwängler-Reichhold,
_Griechische Vasenmalerei_, pl. 59]
[Illustration: PLATE 6. THE LEUCADIAN PROMONTORY
From an old engraving reproduced by Miss Patrick, _Sappho and the Island
of Lesbos_, p. 96]
[Illustration: PLATE 7. ROMAN FRESCO
In an underground building found in Rome near the Porta Maggiore, showing
to the left Apollo with lyre on the cliff, and to the right Sappho about
to step off the rock into the sea, where a Triton waits with outspread
garment. Behind Sappho higher up on the rock a winged Eros]
[Illustration: PLATE 8. A PAPYRUS OF THE THIRD CENTURY A.D.
With part of the text of a poem by Sappho. Reproduced from _Oxyrhynchus
Papyri_, XV, 1922, No. 1787, fragment 1, pl. II]
[Illustration: PLATE 9. A CYLIX BY SOTADES
In the British Museum, representing a girl on tiptoe plucking the apple
on the topmost bough. Reproduced from _White Athenian Vases in the
British Museum_, pl. XVII]
[Illustration: PLATE 10. A GREEK COIN FROM MYTILENE
Showing probably Sappho’s head on one side and lyre on other. Enlarged
twice the original size. Reproduced from Miss Patrick, _Sappho and the
Island of Lesbos_, p. 73]
[Illustration: PLATE 11. IMPERIAL COINS
In the British Museum, representing Sappho. Reproduced from Miss Patrick,
_op. cit._, p. 81]
[Illustration: PLATE 12. A GREEK VASE
In Munich, representing Alcaeus and Sappho. Reproduced from
Furtwängler-Reichhold, _op. cit._, pl. 64]
[Illustration: PLATE 13. A BLACK-FIGURED CALPIS
Formerly in the Dzialinsky collection at Paris, now in Cracow, in the
style of the Nicoxenus painter, with the earliest (about 500 B.C.)
inscribed representation of Sappho]
[Illustration: PLATE 14. LOST LUCANIAN (?) VASE
Formerly in the Middleton collection. Sappho seated before a winged Eros
who is bringing her a wreath. Reproduced from _Museo Italiano_, II, 1888,
pl. III, 2]
[Illustration: PLATE 15. GREEK ARYBALLUS
In the style of the Meidias painter, in the Jatta collection at Ruvo,
representing Thamyris giving a musical recital in the presence of Apollo,
Aphrodite, and the Muses, among whom Sappho is included. Reproduced from
_Römische Mitteilungen_, III, 1888, pl. IX]
[Illustration: PLATE 16. A FIFTH CENTURY GREEK HYDRIA
From Vari near Athens, showing Sappho seated and reading from a papyrus.
According to Beazley the style is related to that of the Hector painter,
though not by him. Reproduced from _Jahreshefte_, VIII, 1905, p. 40, Fig.
9]
[Illustration: PLATE 17. PHAON ABOUT TO FERRY APHRODITE ACROSS THE SEA
On a Greek vase in Bologna. Reproduced from Pellegrini, _Catalogo dei
Vasi Greci dipinti delle Necropoli Felsinee_, Fig. 77]
[Illustration: PLATE 18. A POMPEIAN FRESCO
Supposed to represent Sappho and Alcaeus. Reproduced from
Herrmann-Bruckmann, _Denkmaeler der Malerei des Altertums_, pl. 28]
[Illustration: PLATE 19. AN ANCIENT BUST PROBABLY OF SAPPHO
In the Villa Albani, Rome. Reproduced from Arndt-Brunn-Bruckmann,
_Griechische und Römische Porträts_, pls. 147-148]
[Illustration: PLATE 20. THE OXFORD BUST, PROBABLY OF SAPPHO
Reproduced from _Journal of Hellenic Studies_, XXXVIII, 1918, pl. III]
[Illustration: PLATE 21. BUST PROBABLY OF SAPPHO
In the Borghese Palace, Rome. Photographed in the summer of 1922]
[Illustration: PLATE 22. STATUE OF SAPPHO
By Magni]
[Illustration: PLATE 23. A STATUE OF SAPPHO
By Pradier]
[Illustration: PLATE 24. RAPHAEL’S PARNASSUS
In the Vatican. Sappho is leaning on the left side of the doorway]
Our Debt to Greece and Rome
AUTHORS AND TITLES
1. HOMER. John A. Scott, _Northwestern University_.
2. SAPPHO. David M. Robinson, _The Johns Hopkins University_.
3A. EURIPIDES. F. L. Lucas, _King’s College, Cambridge_.
3B. AESCHYLUS AND SOPHOCLES. J. T. Sheppard, _King’s College, Cambridge_.
4. ARISTOPHANES. Louis E. Lord, _Oberlin College_.
5. DEMOSTHENES. Charles D. Adams, _Dartmouth College_.
6. ARISTOTLE’S POETICS. Lane Cooper, _Cornell University_.
7. GREEK HISTORIANS. Alfred E. Zimmern, _University of Wales_.
8. LUCIAN. Francis G. Allinson, _Brown University_.
9. PLAUTUS AND TERENCE. Charles Knapp, _Barnard College, Columbia
University_.
10A. CICERO. John C. Rolfe, _University of Pennsylvania_.
10B. CICERO AS PHILOSOPHER. Nelson G. McCrea, _Columbia University_.
11. CATULLUS. Karl P. Harrington, _Wesleyan University_.
12. LUCRETIUS AND EPICUREANISM. George Depue Hadzsits, _University of
Pennsylvania_.
13. OVID. Edward K. Rand, _Harvard University_.
14. HORACE. Grant Showerman, _University of Wisconsin_.
15. VIRGIL. John William Mackail, _Balliol College, Oxford_.
16. SENECA. Richard Mott Gummere, _The William Penn Charter School_.
17. ROMAN HISTORIANS. G. Ferrero, _Florence_.
18. MARTIAL. Paul Nixon, _Bowdoin College_.
19. PLATONISM. Alfred Edward Taylor, _University of Edinburgh_.
20. ARISTOTELIANISM. John L. Stocks, _University of Manchester,
Manchester_.
21. STOICISM. Robert Mark Wenley, _University of Michigan_.
22. LANGUAGE AND PHILOLOGY. Roland G. Kent, _University of Pennsylvania_.
23. RHETORIC AND LITERARY CRITICISM. (Greek) W. Rhys Roberts, _Leeds
University_.
24. GREEK RELIGION. Walter W. Hyde, _University of Pennsylvania_.
25. ROMAN RELIGION. Gordon J. Laing, _University of Chicago_.
26. MYTHOLOGIES. Jane Ellen Harrison, _Newnham College, Cambridge._
27. THEORIES REGARDING THE IMMORTALITY OF THE SOUL. Clifford H. Moore,
_Harvard University_.
28. STAGE ANTIQUITIES. James T. Allen, _University of California_.
29. GREEK POLITICS. Ernest Barker, _King’s College, University of London_.
30. ROMAN POLITICS. Frank Frost Abbott, _Princeton University_.
31. ROMAN LAW. Roscoe Pound, _Harvard Law School_.
32. ECONOMICS AND SOCIETY. M. T. Rostovtzeff, _Yale University_.
33. WARFARE BY LAND AND SEA. E. S. McCartney, _University of Michigan_.
34. THE GREEK FATHERS. Roy J. Deferrari, _The Catholic University of
America_.
35. BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. Henry Osborn Taylor, _New York_.
36. MATHEMATICS. David Eugene Smith, Teachers College, _Columbia
University_.
37. LOVE OF NATURE. H. R. Fairclough, _Leland Stanford Junior University_.
38. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROLOGY. Franz Cumont, _Brussels_.
39. THE FINE ARTS. Arthur Fairbanks, _Museum of Fine Arts, Boston_.
40. ARCHITECTURE. Alfred M. Brooks, _Swarthmore College_.
41. ENGINEERING. Alexander P. Gest, _Philadelphia_.
42. GREEK PRIVATE LIFE, ITS SURVIVALS. Charles Burton Gulick, _Harvard
University_.
43. ROMAN PRIVATE LIFE, ITS SURVIVALS. Walton B. McDaniel, _University of
Pennsylvania_.
44. FOLK LORE.
45. GREEK AND ROMAN EDUCATION.
46. CHRISTIAN LATIN WRITERS. Andrew F. West, _Princeton University_.
47. ROMAN POETRY AND ITS INFLUENCE UPON EUROPEAN CULTURE. Paul Shorey,
_University of Chicago_.
48. PSYCHOLOGY.
49. MUSIC. Théodore Reinach, _Paris_.
50. ANCIENT AND MODERN ROME. Rodolfo Lanciani, _Rome_.
End of Project Gutenberg's Sappho and her influence, by David Moore Robinson