Dogger Bank, which resulted in the sinking of the "Blucher." His
flagship, "Lion," was severely damaged at a critical moment of the
action and was towed back to port.
He was subsequently appointed to command the Battle Cruiser Fleet.
At the Battle of Jutland he succeeded, after very severe fighting, in
drawing the enemy's fleet towards the British Battle Fleet and
establishing touch between them.
For his services he was mentioned in despatches and received the G.C.B.
In November, 1916, he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Grand
Fleet, with the acting rank of Admiral.
He is a Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour, Grand Officer of the
Military Order of Savoy, and holds the Japanese Order of the Rising Sun,
and the Russian Military Order of St. George (Fourth Class).
II
ADMIRAL SIR HENRY BRADWARDINE JACKSON, G.C.B., K.C.V.O., F.R.S.
ADMIRAL SIR HENRY BRADWARDINE JACKSON, G.C.B., K.C.V.O., entered the
Royal Navy in 1868, became a Lieutenant on October 27th, 1877, a
Commander on January 1st, 1890, and a Captain on June 30th, 1896.
As Lieutenant of the "Active" he took part in the Zulu War in 1878-9,
and for his services was awarded the South African Medal.
In 1882 he received the Royal Naval College prize when qualifying for
Torpedo Lieutenant. He served as Senior Staff Officer of the "Vernon"
from 1886 until promoted to Commander. As a Captain he was Naval Attaché
from 1897-1899. In May, 1901, he was nominated a Fellow of the Royal
Society for his researches in electrical physics. In February, 1902, he
was appointed Assistant Director of Torpedoes, and, after further
services at sea, Controller of the Navy in February, 1905.
From September 12th, 1905, to October 18th, 1906, he was Aide-de-Camp to
the King, being promoted Rear-Admiral on the latter date.
On November 9th, 1906, he received the K.C.V.O., and from October 16th,
1908, to October 10th, 1910, he was in command of the Third, afterwards
known as the Sixth, Cruiser Squadron.
[Illustration: ADMIRAL SIR HENRY B. JACKSON]
On June 23rd, 1910, he became a K.C.B., and on the 21st December of the
same year was Admiralty representative at the International Conference
on Aerial Navigation at Paris.
He was in command of the Royal Naval War College from February, 1911, to
January, 1913, becoming a Vice-Admiral on March 15th of the first
mentioned year.
During the Naval Manoeuvres in July, 1912, he temporarily commanded the
Seventh Squadron, hoisting his flag in H.M.S. "Illustrious." He was
Chief of the War Staff in January, 1913, and was promoted to Admiral on
February 10th, 1914.
He was nominated Commander-in-Chief in the Mediterranean in August,
1914, but on the outbreak of war was retained for special service at the
Admiralty.
He was First Sea Lord from May 27th, 1915, to December 3rd, 1916, and
was then appointed President of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich.
He became a G.C.B. on December 4th, 1916, and First and Principal Naval
Aide-de-Camp to the King on April 2nd, 1917.
III
ADMIRAL THE HONOURABLE SIR STANLEY CECIL JAMES COLVILLE, G.C.V.O.,
K.C.B.
ADMIRAL THE HONOURABLE SIR STANLEY CECIL JAMES COLVILLE, G.C.V.O.,
K.C.B., became a Midshipman on October 21st, 1876, a Lieutenant on
November 18th, 1882, a Commander on August 25th, 1892, and a Captain on
October 31st, 1896.
As a Midshipman of the "Boadicea" he landed with the Naval Brigade
during the Zulu War and accompanied the Ekowe Relief Column. He was
present at the battle of Ginghilovo, April 2nd, 1879, and accompanied
the Brigade to Port Durnford. He received the South African Medal and
clasp. As Sub-Lieutenant of the "Alexandra," during the Egyptian War, he
was awarded the Egyptian Medal and Khedive's Bronze Star.
As Lieutenant of the "Alexandra" he served with the Naval Brigade landed
for service in the Sudan and with the Nile Expedition for the relief of
General Gordon at Khartum, 1884-5, receiving the Nile Medal and clasp.
Employed on the Nile and in the Sudan in co-operation with the Egyptian
Army under the Sirdar (the late Lord Kitchener), he rendered excellent
service in connection with the construction of gunboats. He commanded
the Flotilla on the advance of the Egyptian Army on Dongola, at the
forcing of the passage of Hafir on September 19th, 1896, when he was
severely wounded, and at the taking of Dongola.
For these services he was mentioned in despatches, promoted to Captain,
and made a C.B.
[Illustration: ADMIRAL THE HON. SIR STANLEY COLVILLE]
He was Naval Adviser to the Inspector General of Fortifications in 1897
and 1898; Chief of Staff, Mediterranean Station, May 1st, 1902, on June
6th of which year he received the C.V.O.
From December 4th, 1905, to November 11th, 1906, he was Aide-de-Camp to
the King, being promoted Rear-Admiral on the latter date. From January,
1908, to January, 1909, he was in command of the Nore division, Home
Fleet, and from February, 1909, to March, 1911, he was in command of the
First Cruiser Squadron.
On April 12th, 1911, he became a Vice-Admiral, and was made a K.C.B. on
June 14th of the following year.
From June 22nd, 1912, to June 22nd, 1914, he was Vice-Admiral commanding
the First Battle Squadron, and on September 5th, 1914, he was appointed
for special service. On September 14th, 1914, he became Admiral. In
December, 1914, he was temporarily in command of the First Battle
Squadron, Grand Fleet. He received the G.C.V.O. on July 9th, 1915, and
was appointed Commander-in-Chief at Portsmouth, on February 17th, 1916.
IV
ADMIRAL SIR FREDERIC EDWARD ERRINGTON BROCK, K.C.M.G., C.B.
ADMIRAL SIR FREDERIC EDWARD ERRINGTON BROCK, K.C.M.G., C.B., was born on
October 15th, 1854. He entered the Navy in 1868 and became Lieutenant on
December 8th, 1879, Commander on January 1st, 1893, and Captain on June
30th, 1898.
From 1907 to 1908 he was Aide-de-Camp to the King, and became in the
latter year a Rear-Admiral. From 1909 to 1910 he was in command of the
Portsmouth Division of the Home Fleet, and from September, 1912, to
October, 1915, he was Senior Officer at Gibraltar, being in 1913
promoted to Vice-Admiral. He was awarded the C.B. (Civil) on September
27th, 1912.
[Illustration: ADMIRAL SIR FREDERIC BROCK]
On January 1st, 1916, Vice-Admiral Brock was made a K.C.M.G.--"In
recognition of services rendered in connection with Naval operations of
the War."
He became an Admiral on April 2nd, 1917.
He is a Commander of the Legion of Honour.
V
REAR-ADMIRAL HEATHCOAT SALUSBURY GRANT, C.B.
REAR-ADMIRAL HEATHCOAT SALUSBURY GRANT, C.B., born in 1864, was educated
at Stubbington School, Fareham, and entered the Navy in 1877.
He has commanded H.M.S. "Diana," "Kent," "Black Prince," and "Canopus,"
having been in command of the latter as Guardship at Port Stanley at the
time of Admiral Sturdee's action off the Falkland Islands.
He was Naval Attaché at Washington from June, 1912, to June, 1914.
Rear-Admiral Grant holds the Royal Humane Society's Testimonial on
Vellum for rescuing a young lad, Jervis Tylee by name, at Inverness on
September 14th, 1894. While the steamer "Glengarry" was passing through
Gairlochy Lochs on that date, Tylee, who was a passenger, while walking
ashore, slipped into the canal. Immediately the accident was observed,
Lieutenant Grant, who happened to be a fellow passenger, plunged into
the canal to the rescue, and seizing hold of the lad swam with him to
the side and held him up till assistance was forthcoming to help them
both on shore.
As Captain of the "Diana" in 1907, Rear-Admiral Grant received the Cross
of the Order of Naval and Military Merit (Second Class) from the King of
Spain.
For his services in action during the operations in Gallipoli from
April, 1915, to May, 1916 (being then a Captain), he received high
commendation and was made a C.B.
[Illustration: REAR-ADMIRAL HEATHCOAT S. GRANT]
He became a Rear-Admiral on June 4th, 1916, having been awarded a Good
Service Pension in the previous year.
Since June, 1917, he has been Senior Officer, and in charge of all H.M.
Naval Establishments at Gibraltar.
VI
REAR-ADMIRAL FREDERICK CHARLES TUDOR TUDOR, C.B.
REAR-ADMIRAL FREDERICK CHARLES TUDOR TUDOR, C.B., is especially well
known for his thorough knowledge of the limitations and capabilities of
ordnance as applied to the strategical and tactical problems of modern
warfare. In this particular line indeed he is an expert of undisputed
authority where knowledge, besides being fortified by mental attainments
of an unusually brilliant kind, is based upon a profound study of the
science of gunnery, in which, it should be added, Rear-Admiral Tudor
specialized during the early part of his career.
Navigation was originally the particular branch of naval knowledge to
which the Admiralty directed him to devote himself, but early realising
the immense part which heavy artillery was to play in modern warfare,
Admiral Tudor, as a young man, eventually devoted his entire attention
to the study of guns and gunnery. At no time in the history of armaments
has such an important development of power, of rapidity of firing and of
reliability of guns of all calibre, been known, and this being so,
Officers like Rear-Admiral Tudor, who are experts in such matters, are
absolutely invaluable to the British Navy.
From the very beginning of his career Rear-Admiral Tudor was recognised
as an Officer possessing intelligence of a very high order.
From 1892 for two years he acted as Experimental Officer, and for a
further two years as a Senior Staff Officer of H.M.S. "Excellent,"
passing to the Department of the Director of Naval Ordnance at the
Admiralty in January, 1896, where he remained until May, 1898. In 1902
he became a Captain, and from September, 1906, to May, 1909, he was
Assistant Director of Naval Ordnance.
[Illustration: VICE-ADMIRAL SIR F. C. T. TUDOR]
As Captain of the "Excellent," to which ship he was appointed in August,
1910, Rear-Admiral Tudor did much to promote that proficiency in gunnery
which is so vitally essential to the success of all modern naval
operations. He held the post for nearly two years, and during that
period impressed everyone who came in contact with him with the firm
idea that he was the right man in the right place.
From April 12th, 1911, to January 14th, 1913, he was Aide-de-Camp to the
King, on which latter date he was promoted to Rear-Admiral.
On June 12th, 1912, Rear-Admiral Tudor was appointed Director of Naval
Ordnance, and on King George's birthday in 1913 he received the C.B.
He was Third Sea Lord on the Board of Admiralty from August 11th, 1914,
to May 31st, 1917, being mainly responsible for new construction during
this period of immense expansion of the Fleet under war conditions.
VII
ADMIRAL OF THE FLEET SIR GEORGE ASTLEY CALLAGHAN, G.C.B., G.C.V.O.
ADMIRAL OF THE FLEET, SIR GEORGE ASTLEY CALLAGHAN, G.C.B., G.C.V.O., was
born on December 21st, 1852. He was in command of the "Endymion" during
the operations in China in 1900; commanded the Naval Brigade during the
advance with the Allied Forces for the relief of the Legations at
Peking; mentioned in despatches, and received the C.B. for this service
in November, 1900. He was Aide-de-Camp to the King from March 15th,
1904, to July 5th, 1905, and became a Rear-Admiral on July 1st, 1905,
and was appointed Rear-Admiral in the Channel Fleet on November 16th,
1906. On April 5th, 1907, Admiral Callaghan became Rear-Admiral
Commanding the 5th Cruiser Squadron, and on August 3rd of that year, on
the occasion of the Review in the Solent of the Home Fleet by King
Edward VII., he received the C.V.O. From November, 1908, to August,
1910, he was second in command of the Mediterranean Fleet, and was made
a K.C.V.O. on April 24th, 1909, the occasion of the visit of King Edward
and Queen Alexandra to Malta in the "Victoria and Albert." He was
promoted Vice-Admiral on April 27th, 1910, and made a K.C.B. on June
24th the same year. He commanded the Second Division of the Home
Fleet from August, 1910, to December, 1911, and was appointed
Commander-in-Chief of the Home Fleet on December 5th, 1911, which
appointment he held until August 4th, 1914.
[Illustration: ADMIRAL OF THE FLEET SIR GEORGE A. CALLAGHAN]
Admiral Callaghan was in command of the Home Fleet assembled for
inspection at Weymouth Bay by King George V in May, 1912, and received
the following message from His Majesty:--
"Before leaving I wish to express to you my satisfaction at
finding the Fleet under your command in such a high state of
efficiency. I was glad to have the opportunity of inspecting
vessels of the latest type, and of witnessing squadron firing,
an attack by submarines, and flights by aeroplanes. Will you
express to the officers and men the pleasure it has given me to
be again with them during the last few days?"
Admiral Callaghan received the G.C.V.O. on this occasion; his tenure of
appointment as Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleets, extended to three years.
He was promoted Admiral on May 17th, 1913, and on June 23rd of the same
year he received from President Poincaré the Grand Cordon of the Legion
of Honour. Was in command of the Fleets assembled at Spithead in July,
1914, for inspection by H.M. The King. On August 4th, 1914, he was
appointed to the Admiralty War Staff. He became Commander-in-Chief at
the Nore on January 1st, 1915, and was made a G.C.B. in the Birthday
Honours of 1916. On September 11th, 1914, Admiral Callaghan was
appointed first and principal Naval Aide-de-Camp to the King, and
promoted Admiral of the Fleet on April 2nd, 1917.
For services after the Messina earthquake in December, 1908, Admiral
Callaghan was made Grand Officer of the Order of the Crown of Italy and
received the Italian Silver Medal.
VIII
REAR-ADMIRAL ARTHUR CAVENAGH LEVESON, C.B.
REAR-ADMIRAL ARTHUR CAVENAGH LEVESON, C.B. (Civil), C.B. (Military), was
born in 1868, and after going to a private school, began his Naval
education on board the "Britannia." As a young man he gained Five
Firsts, the Beaufort Testimonial and Goodenough Medal.
He qualified in gunnery.
He served as Gunnery Lieutenant in the "Victoria" in 1893, and was on
board when she sank after collision with the "Camperdown" off Tripoli.
He was 1st Gunnery Officer at Whale Island (H.M.S. "Excellent"), and
Brigade Major to the Naval Brigade in London on the occasion of Queen
Victoria's Jubilee, 1897, for which he received the Jubilee Medal.
He was promoted to Commander from Whale Island, and became a fellow of
the Royal Geographical Society.
He served as Commander for the whole of the first commission of the
"Canopus," and was promoted to Captain on July 1st, 1903.
From August, 1903, to February, 1905, he was Naval Assistant to the
Controller of the Navy.
He served as Flag Captain to Admiral Sir William May, Commander-in-Chief
of the Atlantic Fleet, and took part in 1905 in the original initiation
of the Entente Cordiale at Brest and in Paris, for which he received the
Croix d'Officier of the Legion of Honour.
[Illustration: REAR-ADMIRAL A. C. LEVESON]
He subsequently commanded H.M. Battleship "Africa" and H.M.
Battle-Cruiser "Indefatigable," and received the Coronation Medal of
H.M. King George V. in 1911.
In 1912 he was made a C.B. (Civil) in the first batch of Naval officers
to whom the award of this honour was extended.
In 1913 he was made Aide-de-Camp to H.M. King George V., and in the same
year was Commodore (First Class) on the staff of Admiral of the Fleet
Sir William May, Umpire-in-Chief during the Naval Manoeuvres which took
place during July and August.
He became Rear-Admiral on December 1st, 1913, and Director of Operations
Divisions of the Admiralty War Staff on May 1st, 1914, and served as
such for the first six months of the War.
He was then appointed Rear-Admiral, Second in Command of the Second
Battle Squadron, and was present at the battle of Jutland on May 31st,
1916, for which he was mentioned in despatches and received the C.B.
(Military). He has also received the Order of St. Stanislaus (First
Class) with swords, and the Order of the Rising Sun (Second Class).
IX
VICE-ADMIRAL SIR HUGH EVAN-THOMAS, K.C.B., M.V.O.
VICE-ADMIRAL SIR HUGH EVAN-THOMAS, K.C.B., M.V.O., was born in 1862 and
entered the Royal Navy in 1876. He became a Lieutenant on December 31st,
1884, a Commander on January 1st, 1897, and a Captain on June 26th,
1902.
He was Flag Captain in the Channel Fleet, 1903-5, and Private Secretary
to the First Lord of the Admiralty from 1905-08. Commanded H.M.S.
"Bellerophon" 1908-1910.
From July, 1910, to August, 1912, he was in command of the Royal Naval
College, Dartmouth, and from February, 1911, to July 9th, 1912,
Aide-de-Camp to the King, being promoted to the rank of Rear-Admiral on
July 9th, 1912.
He was Rear-Admiral, First Battle Squadron, 1913-15, and was in command
of the Fifth Battle Squadron with his Flag in H.M.S. "Barham" at the
Battle of Jutland, May 31st, 1916, being mentioned in despatches. He
received the C.B. on June 3rd of that year, and on September 15th, 1916,
he was made a K.C.B. for his services during the Battle of Jutland. In
the same month he was decorated Commander of the Legion of Honour by the
President of the French Republic for his services in the war.
He also holds the Order of St. Anne (First Class) with swords, is a
Grand Officer of the Order of the Crown of Italy, and has received the
Order of the Rising Sun (Second Class).
He became a Rear-Admiral on April 27th, 1917.
Assumed the rank of Acting Vice-Admiral, July 9th, 1917.
[Illustration: VICE-ADMIRAL SIR HUGH EVAN-THOMAS]
He was Aide-de-Camp to the King from December 6th, 1916, until promoted,
and was awarded a Good Service Pension on January 10th, 1916.
He received the Civil C.B. on June 4th, 1917.
X
REAR-ADMIRAL HENRY HARVEY BRUCE, C.B., M.V.O.
REAR-ADMIRAL HENRY HARVEY BRUCE, C.B., M.V.O., was born in 1862, and in
the early 'eighties of the last century served as a Midshipman of the
"Monarch" during the Egyptian War. For his services during that campaign
he received the Egyptian Medal and Khedive's Bronze Star.
As a Midshipman in the "Monarch" Rear-Admiral Bruce had a very narrow
escape of losing his life by an accident. This occurred during torpedo
exercises, in the course of which a steam pinnace having come alongside
the ship, a light charge of a fish torpedo suddenly exploded.
The result of this mishap was that a Lieutenant was killed on the spot,
while several of the crew were severely hurt. Among the latter was Mr.
Bruce, whose eyes sustained injuries which happily did not turn out to
be as serious as was at first anticipated.
In 1911-12 he was Captain of the "Defence" in the detached Squadron
which escorted the "Medina" to India for the Durbar; he received the
M.V.O. (Fourth Class) on February 4th, 1912.
[Illustration: REAR-ADMIRAL HENRY H. BRUCE]
He was Captain of H.M.S. "Hercules" in the Grand Fleet when war broke
out in August, 1914.
On June 1st, 1915, he was appointed Commodore Superintendent at Rosyth,
being the first occupant of this post.
XI
REAR-ADMIRAL EDWYN S. ALEXANDER-SINCLAIR, C.B., M.V.O.
REAR-ADMIRAL EDWYN S. ALEXANDER-SINCLAIR OF FRESWICK, C.B., M.V.O.,
joined the "Britannia" in 1879 as a Cadet, becoming a Midshipman two and
a-half years later. He acted as Flag-Lieutenant to a number of Admirals
and was promoted to Commander on the January 11th, 1901.
From February, 1902, to January, 1904, he was in command of the
Destroyer "Albatross," being afterwards placed in command of the
"Surprise" until 1905, when he became a Captain.
He commanded the Royal Naval College at Osborne for three years, and in
1908 received the M.V.O.
Commodore Alexander-Sinclair was in command of H.M.S. "Galatea" when
that ship assisted in the destruction of Zeppelin L7 off the Schleswig
coast on May 4th, 1916, and received a C.B. (military) on the 3rd of the
following month.
Commanding a Light Cruiser Squadron at the Battle of Jutland, he was
first to gain touch with the enemy. He was mentioned in Despatches
and would have been recommended for an honour had he not received
one shortly before the battle. Sir David Beatty in his report to
the Commander-in-Chief referred specially to Commodore Edwyn S.
Alexander-Sinclair and a few others, saying that these officers
anticipated his wishes and used their forces to the best possible
effect.
[Illustration: REAR-ADMIRAL E. S. ALEXANDER-SINCLAIR]
After Jutland Commodore Alexander-Sinclair received the Russian Order of
St. Vladimir (Third Class) with swords.
From December 18th, 1914, until promoted Rear-Admiral, he was
Aide-de-Camp to the King. He has also held a Good Service pension.
XII
REAR-ADMIRAL SIR ROGER JOHN BROWNLOW KEYES, K.C.B., C.M.G., M.V.O.,
D.S.O.
REAR-ADMIRAL SIR ROGER JOHN BROWNLOW KEYES, K.C.B., C.M.G., M.V.O.,
D.S.O., was born in 1872 and entered the Royal Navy in 1885, became a
Lieutenant on August 28th, 1893, a Commander on November 9th, 1900, and
a Captain on June 30th, 1905.
In 1890 he served in the Naval Brigade which took part in the punitive
expedition against the Sultan of Vitu in East Africa. For this he
received the General African Medal, Vitu, 1890, and Clasp.
As Lieutenant-Commander of the "Fame" in 1900, he received the Bronze
Medal of the Royal Humane Society for having jumped into the Peiho
River, China, and saving Midshipman R. C. Mayne, who had accidentally
been swept overboard by a coil of rope.
Whilst in command of the "Fame" during the Boxer Rising in the same
year, he did good service, especially in the capture of four Chinese
Destroyers at Tongku, for which he received from the Admiralty "the
expression of Their Lordships' thorough approbation."
He was mentioned in despatches by General Gaselee on January 17th, 1901,
and promoted Commander for his services in China.
He was Naval Attaché at Rome, Vienna, Athens, and Constantinople from
1905-7.
On April 24th, 1906, he received the M.V.O., and in the same year he
also received the Order of the Crown of Italy (Third Class).
[Illustration: REAR-ADMIRAL ROGER J. B. KEYES]
He became Inspecting Captain of Submarines on November 14th, 1910, and
Commodore (S) in charge of the Submarine Service on August 31st, 1912,
which post he held until 1915.
At the coronation of King George V. he was made a C.B. (Military).
As Commodore, Rear Admiral Keyes commanded the Submarine Flotilla in
operations in the Heligoland Bight on August 28th, 1914. On the morning
of the day in question, in company with the "Firedrake," he searched the
area to the southward of the Battle Cruisers for the enemy's submarines,
and, having been detached, was present at the sinking of the German
Cruiser "Mainz," when he gallantly proceeded alongside her in the
"Lurcher" and rescued 220 of her crew, many of whom were wounded.
Subsequently, he escorted the "Laurel" and the "Liberty" out of action
and kept them company till Rear-Admiral Campbell's cruisers were
sighted.
He commanded the submarines co-operating in the air reconnaissance of
the Heligoland Bight on December 25th, 1914, and received the
"expression of Their Lordships' appreciation" for this service.
He was appointed Aide-de-Camp to the King on September 15th, 1914, and
in 1915 became Chief of the Staff to Vice-Admiral Sir J. M. de Robeck,
commanding the Eastern Mediterranean Squadron, holding that post during
both the landing on and the evacuation of the Gallipoli Peninsula, for
which he was commended in despatches, and on January 1st, 1916, he was
awarded the C.M.G. for his services during the war.
In further recognition of these services he also received the D.S.O. on
June 3rd of the same year, on April 7th of which he had been decorated
Commander of the Legion of Honour by the President of the French
Republic.