_Cebus monachus_, F. Cuv., Hist. Nat. Mammif., livr. xix. (1820).
_Le Saï a grosse tête_, male, F. Cuvier, _loc. cit._
_Cebus xanthocephalus_, Spix, Sim. et Vespert., Bras., p. 6, pl. 3
(1823); Gray, Cat. Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 50 (1870).
_Cebus cucullatus_, Spix, t. c. p. 9, pl. 6 (1823).
{210}_Cebus olivaceus_, Wagner in Schreb. Säugeth., Suppl., v., p, 87,
pl. 8 (1855).
_Cebus variegatus_, Schl., Mus. Pays Bas, vii., p. 208 (1876).
(_Plate XIX._)
CHARACTERS.--Fur soft and stiff. Head large and round covered with short
recumbent hairs. Face naked, pale round the prominent eyes; muzzle sharp,
and of the same colour as that which surrounds the eyes; forehead, temples,
throat, chest, under surface of body, sides of jaws, and front of arms,
pale orange-yellow; outer side of arms, pale orange, washed with white;
fore-arms, rump, hind-limbs, and tail black; a mixture of black and brown,
expanding irregularly into spots on the yellow, covering the back,
shoulders, and sides of body; a spot on the crown, black; a superciliary
ridge forming a band of whiskers extending down the cheeks, and meeting
under the chin, also black. Hands naked, violet, almost black.
Varieties occur with the shoulders and loins pale yellow, instead of mixed
black and brown, and the outside of the thighs and the base of the tail,
reddish. In some specimens the pale yellow of the back gives place to a
white ground.
DISTRIBUTION.--Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Paraguay (?); Guiana.
HABITS.--Little is known of the habits of this species; but F. Cuvier, who
had one under his care in the "Ménagerie Royale," in Paris, remarks that it
had the confiding disposition characteristic of the Capuchins, although
very timid. It exhibited a great desire to be caressed, was very
affectionate and most intelligent. Its physiognomy, however, he says, was
involuntarily repellent, being one that, among ourselves, would indicate a
person steeped in ignorance and sensuality.