land, eating and drinking and dancing, because of all the great spoil
that they had taken from the land of the Philistines and from the land
of Judah. David fought against them from twilight to the evening of the
next day, and only four hundred young men who were mounted on camels
escaped.
So David took from the Amalekites all that they had carried away and
rescued his two wives; nothing at all was missing. Then he took all the
flocks and the herds and drove those animals before the people, and they
said, "This is David's spoil."
When David came to the two hundred men who had been so faint that they
could not follow him, all the wicked, mean fellows who went with him
said, "Because these men did not go with us, let us not give them any of
the spoil that we have taken, except that each man may take his wife and
children and depart." David answered, "My brothers, you shall not do so
with that which Jehovah has given us, after he has saved our lives and
given this robber band that attacked us into our power. Those who stay
with the baggage shall have an equal share with those who fight." So
from that day to the present he made this a law and a rule in Israel.
When David came to Ziklag, he sent some of the spoil to the leaders of
Judah and to his relatives, saying, "See! a present for you from the
spoil of the enemies of Jehovah."
THE DEATH OF TWO BRAVE WARRIORS
Samuel had died and all Israel had mourned for him and had buried him in
his own town Ramah. Saul, too, had put the mediums and those who had
messages from the spirits of the dead out of the land.
Then the Philistines came and camped in Shunem, and Saul gathered all
the Israelites and camped in Gilboa. But when he saw the army of the
Philistines, he was terrified and filled with fear. So he asked of
Jehovah whether he should go against them, but Jehovah did not answer
him either by dream or by lot or by the prophets. Then Saul said to his
servants, "Find for me a woman who is a medium, that I may go and ask
through her." His servants said to him, "There is such a woman at
Endor."
So Saul did not let any one know who he was, but put on other clothes
and went, taking two men with him. And they came to the woman at night.
He said, "Ask for me through some departed spirit and bring up for me
the one for whom I shall ask." The woman said to him, "You know what
Saul has done, how he has driven from the land the mediums and those who
have messages from the spirits of the dead. Why then are you trying to
catch me, to put me to death?" But Saul swore to her by Jehovah, saying,
"As surely as Jehovah lives, no punishment will come to you from this
act." Then the woman said, "Whom shall I bring up to you?" Saul said,
"Bring up Samuel."
When the woman saw Samuel, she screamed and said to Saul, "Why have you
deceived me, for you are Saul?" Saul replied, "Do not be afraid! What do
you see?" The woman said to Saul, "I see a god coming out of the earth."
Saul asked, "What does he look like?" She said, "An old man is coming
up, and he is wrapped in a cloak." Then Saul knew that it was Samuel;
and he bowed with his face to the earth and worshipped.
Samuel said to Saul, "Why have you disturbed me by bringing me up?" Saul
answered, "I am in great trouble, for the Philistines are making war
against me, and God has turned from me and answers me no more, neither
by prophets nor by dreams. So I have called you to tell me what I shall
do." Samuel said, "Why do you ask of me when Jehovah has turned from you
and become your enemy? He has taken the authority from your hand and
given it to another, even to David. To-morrow you, with your sons beside
you, shall fall, and Jehovah will deliver the army of Israel into the
power of the Philistines."
Then Saul fell at full length upon the earth, for the words of Samuel
filled him with fear, so he had no strength left, for he had not eaten
any food all that day and night. When the woman came to Saul and saw
that he was in great trouble, she said to him, "See, I have taken my
life in my hand and have done what you asked me. Now therefore, listen
also to my advice and let me set before you a little food, and eat that
you may have strength to go on your way." Saul refused and said, "I will
not eat"; but his servants, as well as the woman, urged him, until he
listened to their advice. Then he rose from the earth and sat upon the
couch. And the woman had a fat calf in the house which she quickly
killed. And she took flour and kneaded it and baked from it bread
without yeast. She set it before Saul and his servants, and they ate.
Then they rose up and went away that night.
The Philistines fought against Israel, but the Israelites fled from them
and fell dead on Mount Gilboa. Then the Philistines closely followed
Saul and his sons; and they killed Jonathan and Abinadab and Malchishua,
the sons of Saul. So the battle went against Saul, and when the archers
found out where he was, he was severely wounded. Then Saul said to his
armor-bearer, "Draw your sword and kill me with it, so that these
heathen Philistines may not come and make sport of me." But his
armor-bearer would not, for he was very much afraid. Saul, therefore,
took his own sword and fell upon it. When his armor-bearer saw that Saul
was dead, he also fell upon his sword and died with him. So Saul and his
three sons and his armor-bearer died on the same day.
When the Israelites who were in the towns of the lowland and across the
Jordan saw that the Israelites had fled and that Saul and his sons were
dead, they left their towns and fled, and the Philistines came and took
them.
On the next day, the Philistines came to rob the dead, and found that
Saul and his three sons had fallen on Mount Gilboa. They cut off his
head and stripped off his armor and sent messengers through all the land
of the Philistines to bring the good news to their idols and to the
people. And they put his armor in the temple of Ashtarte and fastened
his body on the wall of Bethshan.
When the inhabitants of Jabesh in Gilead heard what the Philistines had
done to Saul, their brave men rose up and marched all night, and they
took the bodies of Saul and his sons from the wall of Bethshan and
brought them to Jabesh and mourned over them there. Then they took their
bones and buried them under the oak-tree in Jabesh and ate no food for
seven days.
On the third day after David returned to Ziklag, after defeating the
Amalekites, a man came from the camp of Saul with his clothes torn and
with earth upon his head. When he came to David, he fell on the ground
before him. David said to him, "Where do you come from?" He answered, "I
have escaped from the camp of Israel." David said to him, "How did the
battle go? Tell me." He answered, "The people fled from the
battle-field, and many of them fell, and Saul and Jonathan his son are
dead!"
Then David and all the men who were with him tore their clothes and
mourned and wept and went without food until evening, because Saul and
Jonathan his son and the people of Jehovah had fallen by the sword.
David then sang this dirge over Saul and Jonathan:
"Weep, O Judah!
Grieve, O Israel!
On your heights are the slain!
How the mighty have fallen!
"Saul and Jonathan, beloved and lovely!
In life and in death they were never parted;
They were swifter than eagles,
They were stronger than lions.
"O Jonathan, your death has mortally wounded me,
O Jonathan, my brother, for you I am sorrowing.
You were ever a friend to me most dear,
Your love meant far more than the love of women!
"How the mighty have fallen,
And the weapons of war vanished!"
A SHEPHERD BOY WHO WAS CALLED TO LEAD A NATION
After this David asked of Jehovah, "Shall I go up into one of the towns
of Judah?" Jehovah answered, "Go up." When David asked, "To which shall
I go?" he said, "To Hebron." So David went up with his two wives,
Ahinoam and Abigail. And David brought the men who were with him, each
with his family, and they lived in the towns about Hebron. Then the men
of Judah came there and made David ruler over the people of Judah.
When they told David about the men of Jabesh in Gilead who had buried
Saul, David sent messengers to them and said, "May you be blessed by
Jehovah because you have shown this kindness to your master Saul and
have buried him. Even so may Jehovah show kindness and faithfulness to
you. I also will repay you for this kind deed which you have done.
Therefore be brave and courageous; for Saul your master is dead, and the
people of Judah have made me ruler over them."
Now Abner, the commander of Saul's army, had taken Ishbaal the son of
Saul and brought him over to Mahanaim and made him ruler over Gilead and
all Israel. But the people of Judah remained loyal to David.
There was constant war between the followers of Saul and those of David.
But David kept growing stronger while the followers of Saul grew weaker.
Then Rechab and Baanah, the sons of Rimmon, went about midday to the
palace of Ishbaal, as he was taking his rest at noon. The doorkeeper of
the palace was cleaning wheat, but he grew drowsy and slept. So Rechab
and Baanah his brother slipped in and, attacking Ishbaal, they killed
him and cut off his head.
Then all the tribes of Israel came to David at Hebron and said, "See, we
are your relatives. When Saul was ruler over us, it was you who led the
Israelites, and Jehovah has said to you, 'You shall be shepherd of my
people Israel, and you shall become the leader of Israel.'" So all the
leading men of Israel came to David, and he made an agreement with them
in Hebron in the presence of Jehovah, and they made David ruler over
Israel. David was thirty years old when he began to rule and he ruled
forty years.
When the Philistines heard that they had made David ruler over Israel,
all the Philistines went up to search for David; but when he heard of
this he went down to the fortress.
Three of David's thirty warriors went down to him to the top of the
rock, to the fortress of Adullam, while a force of the Philistines was
camped in the Valley of Rephaim. David was at that time in the fortress,
and a company of the Philistines was in Bethlehem. And David said,
longingly, "O that some one would bring me a drink of water from the
well of Bethlehem which is near the gate!" Then the three famous
warriors broke through the line of the Philistines and drew water out of
the well of Bethlehem which was near the gate and brought it to David.
He would not drink of it, however, but poured it out as an offering to
Jehovah and said, "Jehovah forbid that I should drink it. This is the
blood of the men who went at the risk of their lives." Therefore he
would not drink it.
When the Philistines came and spread out over the Valley of Rephaim,
David asked of Jehovah: "Shall I go out against the Philistines? Wilt
thou give them into my hand?" Jehovah said to David, "Go; for I will
certainly give the Philistines into your hand." So David went to
Baal-perazim, and defeated them there; and he said, "Jehovah has broken
down my enemies before me, like waters which break through their banks."
Then the Philistines came up again and spread out over the Valley of
Rephaim. When David asked of Jehovah, he said, "You shall not make a
direct attack. Go around behind them and attack them opposite the
balsam-trees. When you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the
balsams, act quickly, for then Jehovah will have gone out before you to
overthrow the army of the Philistines." David did as Jehovah commanded
him and drove the Philistines from Gibeon as far as Gezer.
JERUSALEM MADE THE CAPITAL CITY
David and his men went to Jerusalem against the Jebusites, the people of
the land who had said to David, "You shall not come in here, for the
blind and the lame will turn you back," for they thought, "David cannot
come in here."
But David took the fortress of Zion, and lived there. He also built a
wall around it, and called it the City of David.
David continued to grow more powerful, for Jehovah of hosts was with
him. And Hiram, king of Tyre, sent messengers to him, and cedar-trees
and carpenters and masons, and they built a palace for him. So David
knew that Jehovah had made him ruler over Israel and his kingdom
powerful for the sake of his people Israel.
David again gathered all the chief men of Israel, thirty thousand in
all, and went with all the people to Baal-Judah, to bring up from there
the ark of God. They placed the ark of God upon a new cart and brought
it out of the house of Abinadab on the hill. Uzzah and Ahio, the sons of
Abinadab, guided the cart. Uzzah went beside the ark of God, while Ahio
went before it. David and all the people of Israel danced before Jehovah
with all their might to the music of harps and lyres and drums and
castanets and cymbals.
When they came to the threshing-floor of Nachon, Uzzah stretched out his
hand to hold up the ark of God, for the oxen stumbled. Then the anger of
Jehovah was aroused against Uzzah and he struck him down there, because
he had stretched out his hand to the ark; so he died there in the
presence of God. David was afraid of Jehovah that day, and said, "How
can the ark of Jehovah come to me?" So David was not willing to remove
the ark of Jehovah to the City of David, but carried it aside to the
house of Obed-edom, the Gittite, and it remained there three months. But
Jehovah blessed Obed-edom and all his family.
When the report came to David, "Jehovah has blessed Obed-edom and all
his family because of the ark of God," David joyfully brought up the ark
from the house of Obed-edom to the City of David. When the bearers of
the ark of Jehovah had gone six paces, David offered an ox and a fat
animal as a sacrifice; and he danced before Jehovah with all his might,
and he had about his waist a priestly garment made of linen. So David
and all the house of Israel brought up the ark of Jehovah with shouting
and the blare of trumpets.
When they had brought in the ark of Jehovah and had set it in its place
in the tent that David had built for it, he offered burnt-offerings and
sacrifices to Jehovah. When David had finished offering these
sacrifices, he blessed the people in the name of Jehovah of hosts and
gave to each of the many Israelites who were there, to both men and
women, a roll of bread, a portion of meat, and a cake of raisins. Then
all the people went back to their homes.
This message also from Jehovah came to Nathan, the prophet: "You shall
say to my servant David: 'Jehovah of hosts declares, I took you from the
pasture from following the sheep to be chief over my people Israel. I
have been with you wherever you went, to destroy all your enemies before
you, and I will make you a name, like that of the great in the earth.
When your life is ended and you are buried with your fathers, I will
raise up your son after you, and I will make his rule strong. I will be
a father to him, and he shall be my son. When he goes astray I will
gently correct him. I will not withdraw my favor from him as I withdrew
it from Saul. Your house and your dominion shall always stand firm
before me; your authority shall stand forever.'"
DAVID'S KINDNESS TO JONATHAN'S SON
Then David asked, "Is any one left of the family of Saul to whom I may
show kindness for Jonathan's sake?" And there was a servant of Saul
named Ziba. When they called him before David, he said to him, "Are you
Ziba?" He replied, "Your servant." David said, "Is there any one else
belonging to the family of Saul to whom I may show kindness like that
which God shows to us?" Ziba answered, "A son of Jonathan is still
living, but he is lame in his feet." David inquired, "Where is he?" Ziba
replied, "He is in the house of Machir in Lodebar."
Then David sent and brought him from the house of Machir; and when
Meribaal the son of Jonathan came to David, he bowed down to the ground
before him. David said, "Meribaal!" He answered, "Here is your servant!"
David said to him, "Fear not, for I will surely show you kindness for
the sake of your father Jonathan, and I will give back to you all the
land of your grandfather Saul; and you shall always eat at my table."
Meribaal bowed down and said, "What is your servant that you should look
favorably upon one as unworthy as I?"
Then David called to Ziba, Saul's servant, and said to him, "I have
given to your master's son all that belongs to Saul and to his family.
You with your sons and servants shall cultivate the land for him and
harvest the fruits, that your master's son may have food to eat; but
Meribaal, your master's son, shall always eat at my table." Now Ziba had
fifteen sons and twenty servants; and he said to David, "Your servant
will do all that my lord commands."
So Meribaal ate at David's table like one of his own sons. Meribaal also
had a young son, whose name was Mica. And all who lived in the house of
Ziba were Meribaal's servants. So Meribaal lived in Jerusalem, and
though he was lame in both feet, he always ate at David's table.
A RICH MAN WHO WAS A THIEF
One evening, while Joab was besieging Rabbath Ammon, David rose from his
bed and walked upon the roof of the royal palace. From the roof he saw a
woman bathing; and she was very beautiful. And David sent to ask about
the woman; and some one said, "Is not this Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah
the Hittite?" Then David sent messengers to bring her; and she came to
him, but later returned to her home.
Then David wrote a letter to Joab and sent it by Uriah. In the letter,
he said, "Place Uriah in the front line where there is the fiercest
fighting, then draw back from behind him, that he may be struck down and
die." So Joab, in posting guards over the city, sent Uriah to the place
where he knew there were brave men. When the men of the city went out to
fight against Joab, some of the soldiers of David fell, and Uriah the
Hittite was killed.
Then Joab sent to tell David all about the war, and he gave this command
to the messenger: "If, after you have finished telling the ruler all
about the war, he is angry and says to you, 'Why did you go so near to
the city to fight? Did you not know that they would shoot from the wall?
Who struck down Abimelech the son of Jerubbaal? Did not a woman cast an
upper millstone upon him from the wall, so that he died at Thebez? Why
did you go near the wall?' then say, 'Your servant Uriah the Hittite is
dead also.'"
So the messenger of Joab went to Jerusalem and told David all that Joab
commanded him. Then David said to the messenger, "Say to Joab, 'Let not
this thing trouble you, for the sword takes one and then another. Go on
fighting against the city and capture it,' and encourage him."
When Bathsheba heard that Uriah her husband was dead, she mourned for
him as was the custom. When the mourning was over, David sent for her,
and she became his wife and she had a son.
What David had done displeased Jehovah and he sent the prophet Nathan to
David. Nathan went to him and said, "There were two men in one city, the
one rich and the other poor. The rich man had many flocks and herds; but
the poor man had nothing except one little ewe lamb which he had bought.
He fed it, and it grew up with him and with his children. It used to eat
of his own small supply of food and drink out of his own cup, and it lay
in his bosom and was like a daughter to him.
"Now a traveller came to the rich man; and he spared his own flock and
did not take an animal from it nor from his own herd to make ready for
the traveller who had come to him, but took the poor man's lamb and
prepared it for the guest who had come."
Then David was very angry, and he said to Nathan, "As surely as Jehovah
lives, the man who has done this deserves to die; he shall repay seven
times the value of the lamb, because he showed no pity."
Nathan said to David, "You are the man! Jehovah the God of Israel
declares: 'I made you ruler over Israel and I delivered you out of the
hand of Saul. I gave you your master's house and your master's wives to
be your own, and I gave you the nations of Israel and Judah. If that
were too little, I would add as much again. Why have you despised
Jehovah by doing that which is wrong in his sight? You have struck down
Uriah the Hittite with the sword, and have taken his wife to be your
wife, and have killed him with the sword of the Ammonites. Now,
therefore, the sword shall never cease to smite your family, because you
have despised me and have taken the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be your
wife.'"
David said to Nathan, "I have sinned against Jehovah!" Then Nathan said
to David, "Jehovah has also put away your sin so that you shall not die.
Yet, because by this deed you have shown contempt for Jehovah, the child
that is born shall surely die." Then Nathan went to his house.
And Jehovah smote Bathsheba's child so that it fell sick. David prayed
to God for the child, and ate no food but went in and lay all night in
sackcloth upon the earth. The older men in his house stood over him to
raise him up from the earth; but he would not rise nor eat with them.
When on the seventh day the child died, the servants of David were
afraid to tell him that the child was dead, for they said, "While the
child was yet alive, we spoke to him and he paid no attention to our
voice. How can we tell him that the child is dead, for he will do some
harm!"
But when David saw that his servants were whispering together, he knew
that the child was dead, and said to his servants, "Is the child dead?"
They replied, "He is dead." Then David rose from the earth, washed and
put oil on himself, changed his clothes, and went into the temple of
Jehovah and worshipped. After that he went to his own house; and he
asked for bread, and when they set it before him, he ate.
His servants said to him, "What is this you have done? You ate no food
and cried for the child while it was alive, but when the child died, you
rose and ate bread." He replied, "While the child was yet alive, I ate
no food and cried aloud, for I said, 'Who knows whether Jehovah will
have mercy, so that the child will live?' But now that he is dead, why
should I eat no food? Can I bring him back? I am going to him, but he
will not come back to me."
ABSALOM THE UNGRATEFUL SON
Some time later Absalom, David's son, prepared a chariot and horses and
fifty men to run before him. He used to rise early and stand beside the
highway which led to the city gate. He would call to him every man who
had a suit that was to come before the ruler for judgment and say, "Of
what city are you?" When the man replied, "Your servant is from one of
the tribes of Israel," Absalom would say to him, "Your claims are good
and right; but the ruler has not appointed any one to hear you. Oh, that
some one would make me judge in the land, so that every man who has any
complaint or cause would come to me, and I would see that he received
justice!" And whenever a man came near to bow before him, he would put
out his hand and take hold of him and kiss him. In this way Absalom
treated all the Israelites who came to David for justice. Thus, Absalom
stole from David the hearts of the Israelites.
At the end of four years, Absalom said to his father, "I should like to
go and keep my promise, which I have made to Jehovah in Hebron." David
said to him, "Go in peace." So he went to Hebron; but Absalom sent
messengers to all the tribes of Israel to say, "As soon as you hear the
sound of the trumpet, cry, 'Absalom has become ruler in Hebron.'" With
Absalom there went two hundred men from Jerusalem, who were invited and
went innocently, knowing nothing at all of what he was going to do.
Absalom also sent for Ahithophel, David's adviser, from the city of
Giloh, while he was offering the sacrifices. And the plot was strong,
for more and more people kept going over to Absalom.
When a messenger came to David, saying, "The hearts of the men of Israel
have gone over to Absalom," David said to all his servants who were with
him at Jerusalem, "Up, let us flee; for, if we do not, none of us will
escape from Absalom. Go at once, or he may quickly overtake us and bring
evil upon us and kill the people of the city." Then David's servants
said to him, "It shall be done as our lord wishes; we are your
servants."
So David and all the people who followed him went out and stood at the
last house, while all the officers and the royal body-guard and all the
men of Ittai the Gittite, the six hundred who had followed him from
Gath, passed on before him.