The object of this invention is to produce a firm, solid,
dust-resisting, and durable woven cloth, composed, preferably,
entirely of cotton, but it may be of a cotton warp combined with a
linen or other weft, and is particularly applicable for covering the
seats and cushions of railway and other carriages, for upholstering
purposes, for bed ticking, and for various other uses. To effect this
object, a cotton warp and, preferably, a cotton weft also are
employed, or a linen, worsted, or other weft may be used. Both the
yarns for warp and weft may be either dull or polished, according to
the appearance and finish of cloth desired. The fabric is woven in a
plain loom, and the ends are drawn through say eight heald shafts, but
four, sixteen, or thirty-two heald shafts might be employed. When
eight heald shafts are employed, the warp is drawn as follows: The 1st
warp end in the first heald shaft, the 2d warp end in the second heald
shaft, and so on, the remaining six warp ends being drawn in, in
consecutive order, through the remaining six heald shafts; the 9th
warp end is drawn in through the first heald shaft, and so on, the
drawing in of the other ends being repeated as above. The order of the
shedding is as follows: 1st change. The 1st and 3d heald shafts fall,
the rest remaining up. 2d change. The 5th and 7th shafts fall, and the
1st and 3d rise. 3d change. The 2d and 4th shafts fall, and the 5th
and 7th rise. 4th change. The 6th and 8th shafts fall, and the 2d and
4th shafts rise. The result is that each weft thread, a, passes under
six warp threads, b, and over two warp threads, in the manner
illustrated by the accompanying diagram. In drawing in, when four
heald shafts are employed, the 1st warp end is drawn in through the
1st heald shaft, the 2d through the 2d shaft, the 3d through the 1st,
the 4th through the 2d, the 5th through the 3d, the 6th through the
4th, the 7th through the 3d, and 8th through the 4th shaft, and
repeating with the 9th end through the 1st shaft. In shedding, the 1st
heald shaft is lowered, then the 3d, then the 2d, and then 4th. The
result, in this case, is still the same, viz., that each weft thread
passes under six warp ends and over two warp ends. Although a cotton
warp is spoken of in some cases, worsted or other yarn can be added to
the cotton warp to obtain a variation in the pattern or
design.--_Jour. of Fabrics._
[Illustration]
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