they worked, they thought it worked because "nature abhors a
vacuum."
=G.=
1. Each one of these three books are interesting.
2. You may put this hat in any desired shape you like.
3. We motored over to Bloomington which was much more pleasant
than the train.
4. Every one of his statements are so clear that they cannot be
misconstrued what they mean.
5. Analysis is when things are resolved into elements or parts.
6. She dropped the doll on the pavement, of which she was very
fond.
7. He was offered money to keep still, but would not, thus
showing his good character.
8. The first training center for training police dogs was in
Hildesheim, Prussia, and was in the year 1896.
9. The draining of land not only increases the yield, and it
greatly lengthens the season that the land may be worked.
10. He next stated the number of the founders of the
Constitution, which were 39 in no.
11. The life of Doctor Kingsley is a good example of a man who
has succeeded.
12. The fortunes of our country are now standing at the
cannon's mouth, and one vote may stem the tide of disaster.
13. There was little scenery on an Elizabethan stage. While the
parts intended for women were performed by men.
14. The cave which Tom Sawyer was lost in really existed. It
was the cave just outside Hannibal, Missouri, it was near the
Mississippi. Here was the place where Mark Twain was a boy.
15. Yes, and the buildings werent what they are now, do you
remember how we used to go to the old log meeting house, that
was up on stilts, and the pigs crawled under the floor and
raised such a disturbance that the preacher had to stop and
have the pigs chased out before he could continue the sermon?
INDEX
_The numbers refer to articles._
Abbreviations, 83, 90c
Absolute expressions
Defined, 58
Punctuation of, 91e
_Accept_ and _except_, 67
_Ad_, 68
Addresses, 87b, 87e
Adjectives
Classes of, 58
Comparison of, 58
Distinguished from adverbs, 56
In a series, 91f, 91j2
Adverbs,
Classes of, 58
Comparison of, 58
Distinguished from adjectives, 56
_Affect_ and _effect_, 67
_Aggravate_, 68
Agreement
Of verbs, 52
Of pronouns, 51, 50i
_Ain't_, 68
_All right_, 68
_Almost_, Position of, 27
_Allusion and illusion_, 67
_Already_ and _all ready_, 67
_And_ before a subordinate phrase or clause, 16, 17
_And_ used to excess, 14
_And which_ construction, 17
Antecedent
Defined, 58
Faulty reference to, 20-23
_Anybody_, Number of, 51a
Apostrophe
In contractions, 97
With possessive, 97, 50f
Application for a position, 87g
Articles, Omission of, 3
_As_, Incorrect use of, 50a, 68
Aspect of the verb, 58
Auxiliary
Defined, 58
Use of, 55e
_Awful_, Abuse of, 68
Balanced sentence, 45
Balanced structure, 30, 45
Barbarisms, 66
_Because_ clauses, 5
_Because of_ phrases, 5 Note
_Be_, Nominative with, 50c
_Both ... and_, 31
Brackets, 95e
Brevity for emphasis, 41, 60
Business letters, 87c
_Bust_ or _busted_, 68
_But_ used to excess, 38 Note
_Can_ and _may_, 67
_Cannot help but_, 34
Capitals, 81
Case
Defined, 58
Use of, 50
Cause, Inaccurate statement of, 5
_Caused by_, 5 Note, 23, 68
Change in number or person, 33
Change in subject or voice, 32
Change in tense, 33, 55
Choppy sentences, 13
_Claim_, 68
Clauses
Cause, 5
Coördinated loosely, 14, 12
Defined, 58
House-that-Jack-built, 38
Misplaced, 24
Misused as sentences, 1, 90b
Restrictive and non-r., 91d
Subordinate. Not to be used as complete sentences, 1
Subordination faulty, 15
To be reduced to phrases, 60
_When_ or _where_ clauses, 6
Clearness, 20-39
Climax, 44
Coherence, 24-29
Colon, 93
Collective nouns, Number of, 51c
Colloquialisms, 65
Comma, 91, 92c Notes 1 and 2, 95b
After quotation, 96 Note
"Comma splice" or "comma fault," 18
Not used after question mark, 98b
Comparison of adjectives and adverbs, 58
Comparisons, Inaccurate, 4
Compound sentence structure in excess, 12, 14
Compound words, 78
Concreteness, 63
Conjugation, 58
Conjunctions
Defined, 58
List of, 36
Omitted, 37
Repeated carelessly, 38
Conjunctive adverbs
Defined, 58
Punctuation with, 92c
Connectives, 8, 36, 37, 38
Consonants
Between syllables, 71, 85
Final (in spelling), 75
Construction
Incomplete, 2
Mixed, 34
Split, 28
Contractions
Apostrophe with, 97
When proper, 65b
Coördination, Excessive, 12, 14
Correlatives, 31
_Could of_, 68
Dangling gerund, 23
Dangling participle, 23
Dash, 94
Dates, Writing of, 84, 91e
Declension, 58
Definition, 6 Note
Dialogue
Paragraphing, 88c
Punctuation before, 91h, 93a
Punctuation in, 96
Diction, Faulty (list), 68
_Different than_, 68
Divided reference, 20
_Don't_, 51d
Double capacity, Words in, 57
Double negative, 34 Note
_Drownded_, 68
_Due to_, Proper use of, 5 Note, 23 Note, 68
_Each_, Number of, 51a
_ei_ or _ie_, 74
_Either_, Number of, 51a
_Either ... or_, 31
Ellipsis
Defined, 58
Misuse of, 3, 23 Note
_Emigrate_ and _immigrate_, 67
Emphasis
By brevity, 41
By position, 40
By repetition, 47
By separation, 41
By subordination, 42, 14
By variety, 48
_Enthuse_, 68
_Etc._, Use of, 68
Euphemism, 61
_Ever_, Position of, 27
_Every_, _every one_, _everybody_, Number of, 51a
Exclamation point, 98e
Exact connective, 36
Exact word, 62
Figures, Use of, 84
Figures of speech, Mixed, 35
Final consonant (in spelling), 75
Final _e_ before a suffix, 76
_Fine_, Abuse of, 68
Fine writing, 61
Flowery language, 61
Formal invitations, 87h
_Former_, 68
_Gent_, 68
Geographical names, 91e
Gerund
Dangling, 23
Defined, 58
With possessive, 50g
Good use, 65, 66
_Gotten_, 68
Grammar, 50-59
Grammatical terms, 58
_Guess_, 68
Hackneyed expressions, 61
_Had ought_, 68
Handwriting, 80c
_Hanged_ and _hung_, 67
_Healthy_ and _healthful_, 67
Historical present, 33 Note
_However_, Position of, 27
_Human_, _humans_, 68
_Hygienic_ and _sanitary_, 67
Hyphen
Between syllables, 85
In compound words, 78
Idioms, 65
Illogical thought, 4, 5, 6, 7
Imagery mixed, 35
Impersonal construction, Needless use of, 60
Improprieties, 66
Incomplete construction, 2
Indefinite _it_, _you_, _they_, 22 Note
Indention of paragraphs, 88
Inflection, 58
Infinitive
Case with, 50e
Defined, 58
Sign of, to be repeated, 37
Split, 28
Tense of, 55
_Instants_ and _instance_, 67
Interjections
Defined, 58
Punctuation of, 91c, 98e
Invitations, Formal, 87h
_Is when_ clauses, 6
_Is where_ clauses, 6
Italics, 82, 96e
Its (possessive adjective), without apostrophe, 50f, 97d
_Kind of_, 68
_Later_ and _latter_, 67
_Lead_ and _led_, 67
_Learn_ and _teach_, 67
_Leave_ and _let_, 67
Length of paragraph, 88b
Length of sentences, 12, 13, 48b
_Less_ and _fewer_, 67
Letters, 87
_Liable_ and _likely_, 67
_Lie_ and _lay_, 59D, 67
_Like_ (for _as_), 67, 68
List
Of connectives, 36
Of principal parts, 54
Of grammatical terms, 58
Of words confused in meaning, 67
Of words incorrectly used, 68
Of words logically akin, 72
Of words confused in spelling, 73
For spelling, 79
_Loan_, 68
_Locate_, 68
Logic, 4, 5, 6, 7
Logical Agreement, 4, 5, 6
Logical Sequence, 25
_Lose_ and loose, 67
_Lots of_, 68
_Majority_ and _plurality_, 67
Manuscript, 80
_Might of_, 68
Misplaced word, 27
Mixed constructions, 34
Mixed imagery, 35
Modal aspects, 58
Mode
Definition of, 58
Use of subjunctive, 55d
Modifiers
Grouping of, 24, 25
Needless separation of, 24, 27
Squinting, 26
Wrongly used as sentences, 1, 90b
Money, 84c
_Most_ (for _almost_), 66, 68
_Myself_, Needlessly used for _I_ or _me_, 68
Negative, Double, 34 Note
_Neither_, Number of, 51a
_Neither ... nor_, 31
_Nice_, Inaccurate use of, 62, 68
Nicknames, Quotations with, 96d
_Not only ... but also_, 31
Nouns, Classes of, 58
Number
Shift in, 33
_These kind_, etc., 51b
_Each_, _Every_, etc., 51a
Collective nouns, 51c
Of verbs, 52
Numbers, Use of, 84
Formation of plural, 77d, 97e
_O_ and _Oh_, 68
Objective case, 50d, 50e
_Off of_, 68
Omission
Of words, 3
From quotations, 96i
_Only_, Position of, 27
Outlines, 86
Overlapping thought, 8 Note
_Owing to_, Proper use of, 5 Note
Paragraphs, 88
Parallel structure, 30, 31, 45
Parenthesis and parenthetical elements, 91e, 94a, 95
Participle
Dangling, 23
Definition of, 58
Parts of speech, 58
_Party_, Abuse of, 68
Passive voice, not emphatic, 46
Past tense, Wrong forms of, 54
Past perfect tense, 55
Period, 90, 91b, 92a Note
After quotation, 96g Note
Not used after question mark, 98b
"Period blunder," 1, 90b
Periodic sentence, 43
Person, Change in, 33
Phonetic spelling, 71 Note
Phrases
Defined, 58
Not to be used as sentences, 1 Note
Absolute, 91e
Plurals, Spelling of, 77
Poetry to be separated from prose, 41, 80b
Point of view, Shift in, 32
Ponderous language, 60
Possessive
With gerund, 50g
Apostrophe with, 50f, 97
Inanimate objects in, 50h
_Practical and practicable_, 67
Predicate adjective, 58
Predicate noun, 58
Prefixes, 72
Prepositions
Defined, 58
Omitted, 3, 37
Repeated carelessly, 38
Principal parts, 54
_Principal_ and _principle_, 67
Pronouns
Agreement with antecedent, 50i
Case of, 50
Kinds of, 58
Reference of, 20, 21, 22
Wrong use of _myself_, _yourself_, for _I_, _me_, _you_, 68
Pronunciation as a guide to spelling, 71
_Proof_ and _evidence_, 67
_Proposition_, Synonyms for, 62
_Proven_, 68
_Pseudo-_ and _quasi-_, 67
_Quiet_ and _quite_, 67
Question mark, 98
Quotation marks _vs._ italics, 82a
Note 2, 96e
Quotations
Punctuation before, 91h, 92d, 93a
Punctuation of, 96
Reason, Statement of, to be completed by a _that_ clause, 5
Redundance, 60
Reference
Ambiguous, 20
Broad, 22
Divided, 20
Impersonal, 22 Note
Remote, 20
To a clause, 22
To a title, 21 Note
To an unemphatic word, 21
Weak, 21
Reflexive wrongly used for the simple pronoun, 68
Repetition
Of connectives, good, 37;
bad, 38
Of structure, good 47b;
bad 48b
Of words, good, 47a;
bad, 48a
_Respectfully_ and _respectively_, 67
Restrictive and non-restrictive clauses, 91d
_Right smart_, 68
_Rise_ and _raise_, 59D, 67
_Said_, Synonyms for, 62
_Same_, Abuse of, 68
Scrappy sentences, 13
Semicolon, 91b, 92, 95b
After quotation, 96g Note
Not used after question mark, 98b
Sequence of tense, 55
Sequence of thought, 25
Series, Punctuation of, 91f, 91g, 91j 3
_Shall_ and _will_, 53
Shift in number, person, or tense, 33
Shift in subject or voice, 32
_Should_ and _would_, 53
_Sit_ and _set_, 59D, 67
Slang, 66
Quotations with, 96d
_So_, 36 Note, 68
_Some_, Abuse of, 68
_Somewheres_, 68
Sound, 64
Spacing, 80b
Specific words, 63
Spelling, 70-79
Split construction, 28
Split infinitive, 28
Squinting, 26
_Stationary_ and _stationery_, 67
_Statue_, _stature_, and _statute_, 67
Stringy sentences, 12, 14
Subject in nominative case, 50a
Subjunctive mode
Defined, 58
Use of, 55d
Subordinating conjunctions
Defined, 58
Enumerated, 36
Subordination
Necessary, 12, 13, 14
Faulty, 15, 16, 17, 42
_And which_, 17
Substantive defined, 58
_Such_, 68
Suffixes, 75, 76
Superlative degree in comparisons, 4, 58
_Sure_ and _surely_, 68
_Suspicion_, 68
Syllabication, 85
Syntax defined, 58
Tautology, 60 Note
Technical terms, Quotations with, 96d
Tense
In dependent clauses, 55a
In general statements, 55c
Past Perfect, 55b
Sequence of, 55
Shift in, 33
_Than_ or _as_, Case of pronouns after, 50a
_That there_, 68
_Them_ (misused as adjective), 68
_These kind_, 51b
_Those_, Omission of relative clause after, 2, 68
Thought undeveloped, 7
Title
Capitals in, 81
Reference to, 21 Note
Spacing, etc., 80a, 96j
Quoted (books, periodicals, etc.), 82a, 96e
Transitions, 8, 36
_Transpire_, 68
Triteness, 61
Undeveloped thought, 7
Unity, 10-19
Upside-down subordination, 15
Usage, Good, 65, 66
Verbals, 58
Verb, Forms of the, 58
_Ways_, 68
Weak reference, 21
_Where at_, 68
_While_, Abuse of, 36
_Win out_, 68
_Who_, _whoever_, 50b
_Woods_, 68
_Would of_, 68
Wordiness, 60
Words
Confused in meaning, 67
Confused in spelling, 73
Double capacity of, 57
Misused, 68
Omission of, 3
_Yourself_ wrongly used for _you_, 68
Transcriber's Notes:
Article 7, Missing period added (Many passages are powerful,
especially the grave-digging [Is grave-digging a passage?].)
Article 13, Changed period to colon (Exercise:)
Article 14, Changed period to colon (Exercise:)
Article 24, Added missing article "a" (In the morning I found on
my bed a heap of snow...)
Article 25, Changed "them" to "then" (Do not begin one idea,
abandon it for a second, and then return to the first.)
Article 31, Added missing comma (not only ... but also ...,
both ... and ...)
Article 38, Changed "men to "man" (He was undoubtedly a brave
man...)
Article 38, Changed "trangressions" to "transgressions"
(However, if it is used only for serious transgressions...)
Article 39, Added missing parenthesis ((Consult 36 for a list
of connectives.))
Article 54, Changed period to colon (Exercise:)
Article 58, Changed "I was being taken" to "I must be taken"
in the conjugation table for the verb "to take" as Present
Indicative Obligative in Passive voice
Article 65, Changed "idoms" to "idioms" (Study the following
list of correct idioms)
Article 65, Added missing commas (ain't it fierce?, can you
beat it?, going some)
Article 68, Added missing quotation mark ("We oughtn't (not
hadn't ought) to make this error.")
Article 68, Changed "Verb" to "Very" (Very. Accompanied by
much when used with the past participle.)
Article 71, Removed italic style for the word "compare"
(compare occasion)
Article 86, Corrected numbering in a list changing "2." to
"3." (3. Place in order the headings of the following outline)
Article 88, Added missing parenthesis ((In some instances the
paragraph may consist of a single sentence.))
Article 88, Changed comma to period (We'll have a rope down to
you in a minute.)
Article 91, Added missing parenthesis ((She came and she was
gone in a moment. McCoy talked and the rest of us listened.))
Article 91, Changed period to colon (Right: For breakfast we
had oatmeal, bacon, eggs, and honey.)
Article 92, Changed period to colon (Better: She enjoyed the
dinners, and the dancing, and the music)
Article 94, Changed "d." to "b.", and "b." to "d." (b. Insert
a dash when a sentence is broken off abruptly.; d. The use of
the dash to end sentences is childish.)
Article 95, Changed "dedeclared" to "declared" ("Bunyan's
masterpiece (The Pilgrim's Progress)," declared the lecturer)
INDEX, Changed period to comma (Impersonal construction,
Needless use of)