CHAPTER I.

INTERNATIONAL WEEKLY MISCELLANY

Of Literature, Art, and Science.

* * * * *

Vol. I. NEW YORK, JULY 29, 1850. No. 5.

* * * * *

TEA-SMUGGLING IN RUSSIA.

The history of smuggling in all countries abounds in curiosities of

which but few ever reach the eye of the public, the parties generally

preferring to keep their adventures to themselves. There often exist,

however, along frontier lines the traditions of thrilling exploits or

amusing tricks, recounted by old smugglers from the recollections

of their own youthful days or the narratives of their predecessors.

Perhaps no frontier is so rich in these tales as that between Spain

and France, where the mountainous recesses of the Pyrenees offer

secure retreats to the half-robber who drives the contraband trade, as

well as safe routes for the transportation of his merchandise. On the

line between the Russian Empire and Germany the trade is greater in

amount than elsewhere, but is devoid of the romantic features which it

possesses in other countries. There, owing to the universal corruption

of the servants of the Russian government, the smuggler and the

custom-house officer are on the best terms with each Other and often

are partners in business. We find in a late number of the _Deutsche

Reform_, a journal of Berlin, an interesting illustration of the

extent and manner in which these frauds on the Russian revenue are

carried on, and translate it for the _International_:

"The great annual tea-burning has just taken place at Suwalki:

25,000 pounds were destroyed at it. This curious proceeding is thus

explained. Of all contraband articles that on the exclusion of which

the most weight is laid, is the tea which is brought in from Prussia.

In no country is the consumption of tea so great as in Poland and

Russia. That smuggled in from Prussia, being imported from China by

ship, can be sold ten times cheaper than the so-called caravan-tea,

which is brought directly overland by Russian merchants. This overland

trade is one of the chief branches of Russian commerce, and suffers

serious injury from the introduction of the smuggled article.

Accordingly the government pays in cash, the extraordinary premium of

fifty cents per pound for all that is seized, a reward which is the

more attractive to the officers on the frontiers for the reason that

it is paid down and without any discount. Formerly the confiscated

tea was sold at public auction on the condition that the buyer should

carry it over the frontier; Russian officers were appointed to take

charge of it and deliver it in some Prussian frontier town in order

to be sure of its being carried out of the country. The consequence

was that the tea was regularly carried back again into Poland the

following night, most frequently by the Russian officers themselves.

In order to apply a radical cure to this evil, destruction by fire was

decreed as the fate of all tea that should be seized thereafter. Thus

it is that from 20,000 to 40,000 pounds are yearly destroyed in the

chief city of the province. About this the official story is, that it

is tea smuggled from Prussia, while the truth is that it is usually

nothing but brown paper or damaged tea that is consumed by the fire.

In the first place the Russian officials are too rational to burn

up good tea, when by chance a real confiscation of that article has

taken place; in such a case the gentlemen take the tea, and put upon

the burning pile an equal weight of brown paper or rags done up to

resemble genuine packages. In the second place, it is mostly damaged

or useless tea that is seized. The premium for seizures being so

high, the custom-house officers themselves cause Polish Jews to buy

up quantities of worthless stuff and bring it over the lines for the

express purpose of being seized. The time and place for smuggling it

are agreed upon. The officer lies in wait with a third person whom he

takes with him. The Jew comes with the goods, is hailed by the officer

and takes to flight. The officer pursues the fugitive, but cannot

reach him, and fires his musket after him. Hereupon the Jew drops

the package which the officer takes and carries to the office, where

he gets his reward. The witness whom he has with him--by accident of

course--testifies to the zeal of his exertions, fruitless though they

were, for the seizure of the unknown smuggler. The smuggler afterward

receives from the officer the stipulated portion of the reward. This

trick is constantly practiced along the frontier, and to meet the

demand the Prussian dealers keep stocks of good-for-nothing tea, which

they sell generally at five silver groschen (12-1/2 cents) a pound."

* * * * *

MORE OF LEIGH HUNT.[1]

Although a large portion, perhaps more than half, of these volumes has

been given to the world in previous publications, yet the work carries

this recommendation with it, that it presents in an accessible and

consecutive form a great deal of that felicitous portrait-painting,

hit off in a few words, that pleasant anecdote, and cheerful wisdom,

which lie scattered about in books not now readily to be met with, and

which will be new and acceptable to the reading generation which has

sprung up within the last half-score years. Mr. Hunt almost disarms

criticism by the candid avowal that this performance was commenced

under circumstances which committed him to its execution, and he tells

us that it would have been abandoned at almost every step, had these

circumstances allowed. We are not sorry that circumstances did not

allow of its being abandoned, for the autobiography, altogether apart

from its stores of pleasant readable matter, is pervaded throughout by

a beautiful tone of charity and reconcilement which does honor to the

writer's heart, and proves that the discipline of life has exercised

on him its most chastening and benign influence:--

For he has learned

To look on Nature, not as in the hour

Of thoughtless youth, but hearing oftentimes

The still, sad, music of Humanity,

Nor harsh nor grating, though of ample power

To chasten and subdue.

The reader will find numerous striking exemplifications of this spirit

as he goes along with our author. From the serene heights of old age,

"the gray-haired boy whose heart can never grow old," ever and anon

regrets and rebukes some egotism or assumption, or petty irritation

of bygone years, and confesses that he can now cheerfully accept

the fortunes, good and bad, which have occurred to him, "with the

disposition to believe them the best that could have happened, whether

for the correction of what was wrong in him, or the improvement of

what was right."

The concluding chapters contain a brief account of Mr. Hunt's

occupations during the last twenty-five years; his residence

successively at Highgate, Hampstead, Chelsea, and Kensington, and of

his literary labors while living at these places. Many interesting

topics are touched upon--among which we point to his remarks on the

difficulties experienced by him in meeting the literary requirements

of the day, and the peculiar demands of editors; his opinion of Mr.

Carlyle; the present condition of the stage, the absurd pretensions of

actors, and the delusions attempted respecting the "legitimate" drama;

the question of the laureateship, and his own qualifications for

holding that office; his habits of reading; and finally an avowal of

his religious opinions. We miss some account of Mr. Hazlitt. Surely

we had a better right to expect at the hands of Hunt a sketch of that

remarkable writer, than of Coleridge, of whom he saw comparatively

little. We also expected to find some allusion to the "Round Table," a

series of essays which appeared in the _Examiner_, about 1815, written

chiefly by Hazlitt, but amongst which are about a dozen by Hunt

himself, some of them perhaps the best things he has written: we need

only allude to "A Day by the Fire," a paper eminently characteristic

of the author, and we doubt not fully appreciated by those who know

his writings. Hunt regrets having re-cast the "Story of Rimini," and

tells us that a new edition of the poem is meditated, in which, while

retaining the improvement in the versification, he proposes to restore

the narrative to its first course.

We take leave of the work, with a few more characteristic passages.

* * * * *

A GLIMPSE OF PITT AND FOX.--Some years later, I saw Mr. Pitt in a

blue coat, buckskin breeches and boots, and a round hat, with powder

and pigtail. He was thin and gaunt, with his hat off his forehead,

and his nose in the air. Much about the same time I saw his friend,

the first Lord Liverpool, a respectable looking old gentleman, in a

brown wig. Later still, I saw Mr. Fox, fat and jovial, though he was

then declining. He, who had been a "bean" in his youth, then looked

something quaker-like as to dress, with plain colored clothes, a

broad round hat, white waistcoat, and, if I am not mistaken, white

stockings. He was standing in Parliament street, just where the street

commences as you leave Whitehall; and was making two young gentlemen

laugh heartily at something which he seemed to be relating.

* * * * *

COOKE'S EDITION OF THE BRITISH POETS.--In those times, Cooke's edition

of the British Poets came up. I had got an odd volume of Spenser; and

I fell passionately in love with Collins and Gray. How I loved those

little sixpenny numbers, containing whole poets! I doated on their

size; I doated on their type, on their ornaments, on their wrappers

containing lists of other poets, and on the engraving from Kirk. I

bought them over and over again, and used to get up select sets, which

disappeared like buttered crumpets; for I could resist neither giving

them away nor possessing them. When the master tormented me, when

I used to hate and loathe the sight of Homer, and Demosthenes, and

Cicero, I would comfort myself with thinking of the sixpence in my

pocket, with which I should go out to Paternoster Row, when school

was over, and buy another number of an English poet.

* * * * *

CHILDREN'S BOOKS: "SANDFORD AND MERTON."--The children's books

in those days were Hogarth's pictures taken in their most literal

acceptation. Every good boy was to ride in his coach, and be a lord

mayor; and every bad boy was to be hung, or eaten by lions. The

gingerbread was gilt, and the books were gilt like the gingerbread:

a "take in" the more gross, inasmuch as nothing could be plainer

or less dazzling than the books of the same boys when they grew a

little older. There was a lingering old ballad or so in favor of the

gallanter apprentices who tore out lions' hearts and astonished gazing

sultans; and in antiquarian corners, Percy's "Reliques" were preparing

a nobler age, both in poetry and prose. But the first counteraction

came, as it ought, in the shape of a new book for children. The pool

of mercenary and time-serving ethics was first blown over by the fresh

country breeze of Mr. Day's "Sandford and Merton," a production that

I well remember, and shall ever be grateful for. It came in aid of my

mother's perplexities, between delicacy and hardihood, between courage

and conscientiousness. It assisted the cheerfulness I inherited from

my father; showed me that circumstances were not to check a healthy

gaiety, or the most masculine self-respect; and helped to supply me

with the resolution of standing by a principle, not merely as a point

of lowly or lofty sacrifice, but as a matter of common sense and duty,

and a simple coöperation with the elements natural warfare.

* * * * *

CHRIST'S HOSPITAL.--Perhaps there is not foundation in the country

so truly English, taking that word to mean what Englishmen wish it to

mean:--something solid, unpretending, of good character, and free to

all. More boys are to be found in it, who issue from a greater variety

of ranks, than in any other school in the kingdom and as it is the

most various, so it is the largest, of all the free schools. Nobility

do not go there except as boarders. Now and then a boy of a noble

family may be met with, and he is reckoned an interloper, and against

the charter; but the sons of poor gentry and London citizens abound;

and with them, an equal share is given to the sons of tradesmen of the

very humblest description, not omitting servants. I would not take

my oath, but I have a strong recollection that in my time there were

two boys, one of whom went up into the drawing-room to his father,

the master of the house; and the other, down into the kitchen to his

father, the coachman. One thing, however, I know to be certain, and it

is the noblest of all; namely, that the boys themselves (at least it

was so in my time) had no sort of feeling of the difference of one

another's ranks out of doors. The cleverest boy was the noblest, let

his father be who he might.

* * * * *

AN INTENSE YOUTHFUL FRIENDSHIP.--If I had reaped no other benefit

from Christ Hospital, the school would be ever dear to me from the

recollection of the friendships I formed in it, and of the first

heavenly taste it gave me of that most spiritual of the affections.

I use the word "heavenly" advisedly; and I call friendship the most

spiritual of the affections, because even one's kindred, in partaking

of our flesh and blood, become, in a manner, mixed up with our

entire being. Not that I would disparage any other form of affection,

worshiping, as I do, all forms of it, love in particular, which, in

its highest state, is friendship and something more. But if ever I

tasted a disembodied transport on earth, it was in those friendships

which I entertained at school, before I dreamt of any maturer feeling.

I shall never forget the impression it first made on me. I loved my

friend for his gentleness, his candor, his truth, his good repute,

his freedom even from my own livelier manner, his calm and reasonable

kindness. It was not any particular talent that attracted me to him

or anything striking whatsoever. I should say in one word, it was

his goodness. I doubt whether he ever had a conception of a tithe of

the regard and respect I entertained for him; and I smile to think

of the perplexity (though he never showed it) which he probably felt

sometimes at my enthusiastic expressions; for I thought him a kind of

angel. It is no exaggeration to say, that, take away the unspiritual

part of it--the genius and the knowledge--and there is no height of

conceit indulged in by the most romantic character in Shakspeare,

which surpassed what I felt toward the merits I ascribed to him, and

the delight which I took in his society. With the other boys I played

antics, and rioted in fantastic jests; but in his society, or whenever

I thought of him, I fell into a kind of Sabbath state of bliss; and I

am sure I could have died for him.

* * * * *

ANECDOTE OF MATHEWS.--One morning, after stopping all night at this

pleasant house, I was getting up to breakfast, when I heard the noise

of a little boy having his face washed. Our host was a merry bachelor,

and to the rosiness of a priest might, for aught I knew, have added

the paternity; but I had never heard of it, and still less expected

to find a child in his house. More obvious and obstreperous proofs,

however, of the existence of a boy with a dirty face, could not have

been met with. You heard the child crying and objecting; then the

woman remonstrating; then the cries of the child snubbed and swallowed

up in the hard towel; and at intervals out came his voice bubbling

and deploring, and was again swallowed up. At breakfast, the child

being pitied, I ventured to speak about it, and was laughing and

sympathizing in perfect good faith, when Mathews came in, and I found

that the little urchin was he.

* * * * *

SHELLEY'S GENEROSITY.--As an instance of Shelley's extraordinary

generosity, a friend of his, a man of letters, enjoyed from him

at that period a pension of a hundred a year, though he had but

a thousand of his own; and he continued to enjoy it till fortune

rendered it superfluous. But the princeliness of his disposition

was seen most in his behavior to another friend, the writer of this

memoir, who is proud to relate that, with money raised with an

effort, Shelley once made him a present of fourteen hundred pounds,

to extricate him from debt. I was not extricated, for I had not yet

learned to be careful; but the shame of not being so, after such

generosity, and the pain which my friend afterward underwent when

I was in trouble and he was helpless, were the first causes of my

thinking of money matters to any purpose. His last sixpence was ever

at my service, had I chosen to share it. In a poetical epistle

written some years after, and published in the volume of "Posthumous

Poems," Shelley, in alluding to his friend's circumstances, which

for the second time were then straitened, only made an affectionate

lamentation that he himself was poor; never once hinting that he had

himself drained his purse for his friend.

* * * * *

MRS. JORDAN.--Mrs. Jordan was inimitable in exemplifying the

consequences of too much restraint in ill-educated country girls, in

romps, in hoydens, and in wards on whom the mercenary have designs.

She wore a bib and tucker, and pinafore, with a bouncing propriety,

fit to make the boldest spectator alarmed at the idea of bringing

such a household responsibility on his shoulders. To see her when

thus attired, shed blubbering tears for some disappointment, and eat

all the while a great thick slice of bread and butter, weeping, and

moaning, and munching, and eyeing at very bite the part she meant

to bite next, was a lesson against will and appetite worth a hundred

sermons, and no one could produce such an impression in favor of

amiableness as she did, when she acted in gentle, generous, and

confiding character. The way in which she would take a friend by

the cheek and kiss her, or make up a quarrel with a lover, or coax a

guardian into good humor, or sing (without accompaniment) the song

of, "Since then I'm doom'd," or "In the dead of the night," trusting,

as she had a right to do, and as the house wished her to do, to the

sole effect of her sweet, mellow, and loving voice--the reader will

pardon me, but tears of pleasure and regret come into my eyes at

the recollection, as if she personified whatsoever was happy at that

period of life, and which has gone like herself. The very sound of the

familiar word 'bud' from her lips (the abbreviation of husband,) as

she packed it closer, as it were, in the utterance, and pouted it up

with fondness in the man's face, taking him at the same time by the

chin, was a whole concentrated world of the power of loving.

* * * * *

RESIDENCE AT CHELSEA.--REMOTENESS IN NEARNESS.--From the noise and

dust of the New Road, my family removed to a corner in Chelsea where

the air of the neighboring river was so refreshing, and the quiet of

the "no-thoroughfare" so full of repose, that, although our fortunes

were at their worst, and my health almost of a piece with them, I

felt for some weeks as if I could sit still for ever, embalmed in

the silence. I got to like the very cries in the street for making

me the more aware of it for the contrast. I fancied they were unlike

the cries in other quarters of the suburbs, and that they retained

something of the old quaintness and melodiousness which procured them

the reputation of having been composed by Purcell and others. Nor

is this unlikely, when it is considered how fond those masters were

of sporting with their art, and setting the most trivial words to

music in their glees and catches. The primitive cries of cowslips,

primroses, and hot cross buns, seemed never to have quitted this

sequestered region. They were like daisies in a bit of surviving

field. There was an old seller of fish in particular, whose cry of

"Shrimps as large as prawns," was such a regular, long-drawn, and

truly pleasing melody, that in spite of his hoarse, and I am afraid,

drunken voice, I used to wish for it of an evening, and hail it

when it came. It lasted for some years, then faded, and went out;

I suppose, with the poor old weather-beaten fellow's existence.

This sense of quiet and repose may have been increased by an early

association of Chelsea with something out of the pale; nay, remote.

It may seem strange to hear a man who has crossed the Alps talk of

one suburb as being remote from another. But the sense of distance is

not in space only; it is in difference and discontinuance. A little

back-room in a street in London is further removed from the noise,

than a front room in a country town. In childhood, the farthest local

point which I reached anywhere, provided it was quiet, always seemed

to me a sort of end of the world; and I remembered particularly

feeling this, the only time when I had previously visited Chelsea,

which was at that period of life.... I know not whether the corner I

speak of remains as quiet as it was. I am afraid not; for steamboats

have carried vicissitude into Chelsea, and Belgravia threatens it with

her mighty advent. But to complete my sense of repose and distance,

the house was of that old-fashioned sort which I have always loved

best, familiar to the eyes of my parents, and associated with

childhood. It had seats in the windows, a small third room on the

first floor, of which I made a _sanctum_, into which no perturbation

was to enter, except to calm itself with religious and cheerful

thoughts (a room thus appropriated in a house appears to me an

excellent thing;) and there were a few lime-trees in front, which in

their due season diffused a fragrance.

[Footnote 1: The Autobiography of Leigh Hunt. Two volumes. Harper &

Brothers. 1850.]

* * * * *

LAMARTINE'S NEW ROMANCE.

The great poet of affairs, philosophy, and sentiment, before leaving

the scenes of his triumphs and misfortunes for his present visit

to the East, confided to the proprietors of _Le Constitutionel_

a new chapter of his romanticized memoirs to be published in the

_feuilleton_ of that journal, under the name of "Genevieve." This

work, which promises to surpass in attractive interest anything

Lamartine has given to the public in many years, will be translated as

rapidly as the advanced sheets of it are received here, by Mr. Fayette

Robinson, whose thorough apprehension and enjoyment of the nicest

delicacies of the French language, and free and manly style of

English, qualify him to do the fullest justice to such an author

and subject. His version of "Genevieve" will be issued, upon its

completion, by the publishers of _The International_. We give a

specimen of its quality in the following characteristic description,

of Marseilles, premising that the work is dedicated to "Mlle.

Reine-Garde, seamstress, and formerly a servant, at Aix, in Provence."

"Before I commence with the history of Genevieve, this series of

stories and dialogues used by country people, it is necessary to

define the spirit which animated their composition and to tell why

they were written. I must also tell why I dedicate this first story to

Mlle. Reine-Garde, seamstress and servant at Aix in Provence. This is

the reason.

"I had passed a portion of the summer of 1846 at that Smyrna of

France, called Marseilles, that city, the commercial activity of which

has become the chief _ladder_ of national enterprise, and the general

rendezvous, of those steam caravans of the West, our railroads; a city

the Attic taste of which justifies it in assuming to itself all the

intellectual cultivation, like the Asiatic Smyrna, inherent in the

memory of great poets. I lived outside of the city, the heat of which

was too great for an invalid, in one of those villas formerly called

_bastides_, so contrived as to enable the occupants during the

calmness of a summer evening--and no people in the world love nature

so well--to watch the white sails and look on the motion of the

southern breeze. Never did any other people imbibe more of the spirit

of poetry than does that of Marseilles. So much does climate do for

it.

"The garden of the little villa in which I dwelt opened by a gateway

to the sandy shore of the sea. Between it and the water was a long

avenue of plane trees, behind the mountain of Notre Dame de la Garde,

and almost touching the little lily-bordered stream which surrounded

the beautiful park and villa of the Borelli. We heard at our windows

every motion of the sea as it tossed on its couch and pillow of sand,

and when the garden gate was opened, the sea foam reached almost

the wall of the house, and seemed to withdraw so gradually as if to

deceive and laugh at any hand which would seek to bedew itself with

its moisture. I thus passed hour after hour seated on a huge stone

beneath a fig-tree, looking on that mingling of light and motion which

we call _the Sea_. From time to time the sail of a fisherman's boat,

or the smoke which hung like drapery above the pipe of a steamer,

rose above the chord of the arc which formed the gulf, and afforded a

relief to the monotony of the horizon.

"On working days, this vista was almost a desert, but when Sunday

came, it was made lively by groups of sailors, rich and _idle_

citizens, and whole families of mercantile men who came to bathe or

rest themselves, there enjoying the luxury both of the shade and

of the sea. The mingled murmur of the voices both of men, women and

children, enchanted with sunlight and with repose, united with the

babbling of the waves which seemed to fall on the shore light and

elastic as sheets of steel. Many boats either by sails or oars, were

wafted around the extremity of Cape Notre-Dame de la Garde, with its

heavy grove of shadowy pines; as they crossed the gulf, they touched

the very margin of the water, to be able to reach the opposite bank.

Even the palpitations of the sail were audible, the cadence of

the oars, conversation, song, the laughter of the merry flower and

orange-girls of Marseilles, those true daughters of the gulf, so

passionately fond of the wave, and devoted to the luxury of wild

sports with their native element were heard.

"With the exception of the patriarchal family of the Rostand, that

great house of ship-owners, which linked Smyrna, Athens, Syria and

Egypt to France by their various enterprises, and to whom I had been

indebted for all the pleasures of my first voyage to the East; with

the exception of M. Miege, the general agent of all our maritime

diplomacy in the Mediterranean, with the exception of Joseph Autran,

that oriental poet who refuses to quit his native region because

he prefers his natural elements to glory, I knew but few persons at

Marseilles. I wished to make no acquaintances and sought isolation

and leisure, leisure and study. I wrote the history of one revolution,

without a suspicion that the spirit of another convulsion looked over

my shoulder, hurrying me from the half finished page, to participate

not with the pen, but manually, in another of the great Dramas of

France.

"Marseilles is however hospitable as its sea, its port, and its

climate. A beautiful nature there expands the heart. Where heaven

smiles man also is tempted to be mirthful. Scarcely had I fixed myself

in the faubourg, when the men of letters, of politics,--the merchants

who had proposed great objects to themselves, and who entertained

extended views; the youth, in the ears of whom yet dwelt the echoes

of my old poems; the men who lived by the labor of their own hands,

many of whom however write, study, sing, and make verses, come to my

retreat, bringing with them, however, that delicate reserve which is

the modesty and grace of hospitality. I received pleasure without any

annoyances from this hospitality and attention. I devoted my mornings

to study, my days to solitude and to the sea, my evenings to a small

number of unknown friends, who came from the city to speak to me of

travels, literature, and commerce.

"Commerce at Marseilles is not a matter of paltry traffic, or trifling

parsimony and retrenchments of capital. Marseilles looks on all

questions of commerce as a dilation and expansion of French capital,

and of the raw material exported and imported from Europe and Asia.

Commerce at Marseilles is a lucrative diplomacy, at the same time,

both local and national. Patriotism animates its enterprises, honor

floats with its flag, and policy presides over every departure. Their

commerce is one eternal battle, waged on the ocean at their own peril

and risk, with those rivals who contend with France for Asia and

Africa, and for the purpose of extending the French name and fame over

the opposite continents which touch on the Mediterranean.

"One Sunday, after a long excursion on the sea with Madame Lamartine,

we were told that a woman, modest and timid in her deportment, had

come in the diligence from Aix to Marseilles, and for four or five

hours had been waiting for us in a little orange grove next between

the villa and the garden. I suffered my wife to go into the house, and

passed myself into the orange grove to receive the stranger. I had

no acquaintance with any one at Aix, and was utterly ignorant of the

motive which could have induced my visitor to wait so long and so

patiently for me.

"When I went into the orange grove, I saw a woman still youthful, of

about thirty-six or forty years of age. She wore a working-dress which

betokened little ease and less luxury, a robe of striped _Indienne_,

discolored and faded; a cotton handkerchief on her neck, her black

hair neatly braided, but like her shoes, somewhat soiled by the dust

of the road. Her features were fine and graceful, with that mild

and docile Asiatic expression, which renders any muscular tension

impossible, and gives utterance only to inspiring and attractive

candor. Her mouth was possibly a line too large, and her brow was

unwrinkled as that of a child. The lower part of her face was very

full, and was joined by full undulations, altogether feminine however

in their character, to a throat which was large and somewhat distended

at the middle, like that of the old Greek statues. Her glance had the

expression of the moonlight of her country rather than of its sun.

It was the expression of timidity mingled with confidence in the

indulgence of another, emanating from a forgetfulness of her own

nature. In fine, it was the image of good-feeling, impressed as well

on her air as on her heart, and which seem confident that others are

like her. It was evident that this woman, who was yet so agreeable,

must in her youth have been most attractive. She yet had what the

people (the language of which is so expressive) call the _seed of

beauty_, that _prestige_, that ray, that star, that essence, that

indescribable something, which attracts, charms, and enslaves us. When

she saw me, her embarrassment and blushes enabled me to contemplate

her calmly and to feel myself at once at ease with her. I begged her

to sit down at once on an orange-box over which was thrown a Syrian

mat, and to encourage her sat down in front of her. Her blushes

continued to increase, and she passed her dimpled but rather large

hand more than once over her eyes. She did not know how to begin

nor what to say. I sought to give her confidence, and by one or two

questions assisted her in opening the conversation she seemed both to

wish for and to fear."

[This girl is Reine-Garde, a peasant woman, attracted by a passionate

love of his poetry to visit Lamartine. She unfolds to him much that is

exquisitely reproduced in Genevieve. The romance bids fair to be one

of the most interesting this author has yet produced.]

"Madame ----," said I to her. She blushed yet more.

"I have no husband, Monsieur. I am an unmarried woman."

"Ah! Mlle, will you be pleased to tell me why you have come so far,

and why you waited so long to speak with me? Can I be useful to you

in any manner? Have you any letter to give me from any one in your

neighborhood?"

"Ah, Monsieur, I have no letter, I have nothing to ask of you, and the

last thing in the world that I should have done, would have been to

get a letter from any of the gentlemen in my neighborhood to you. I

would not even have suffered them to know that I came to Marseilles

to see you. They would have thought me a vain creature, who sought to

magnify her importance by visiting people who are so famous. Ah, that

would never do!"

"What then do you wish to say?"

"Nothing, _Monsieur_."

"How can that be? You should not _for nothing_ have wasted two days in

coming from Aix to Marseilles, and should not have waited for me here

until sunset, when to-morrow you must return home."

"It is, however, true, Monsieur. I know you will think me very

foolish, but ... I have nothing to tell you, and not for a fortune

would I consent that people at Aix should know whither I am gone."

"Something however induced you to come--you are not one of those

triflers who go hither and thither without a motive. I think you are

intellectual and intelligent. Reflect. What induced you to take a

place in the diligence and come to see me? Eh!"

"Well, sir," said she, passing her hands over her cheeks as if to wipe

away all blushes and embarrassment, and at the same time pushing her

long black curls, moist as they were with perspiration, beyond her

ears, "I had an idea which permitted me neither to sleep by day nor

night; I said to myself, Reine, you must be satisfied. You must say

nothing to any one. You must shut up your shop on Saturday night as

you are in the habit of doing. You must take a place in the night

diligence and go on Sunday to Marseilles. You will go to see that

gentleman, and on Monday morning you can again be at work. All will

then be over and for once in your life you will have been satisfied

without your neighbors having once fancied for a moment that you have

passed the limits of the street in which you live."

"Why, however, did you wish so much to see me? How did you even know

that I was here?"

"Thus, Monsieur: a person came to Aix who was very kind to me, for I

am the dressmaker of his daughters, having previously been a servant

in his mother's country-house. The family has always been kind

and attentive, because in Provence, the nobles do not despise the

peasants. Ah! it is far otherwise--some are lofty and others humble,

but their hearts are all alike. _Monsieur_ and the young ladies knew

how I loved to read, and that I am unable to buy books and newspapers.

They sometimes lent books to me, when they saw anything which they

fancied would interest me, such as fashion plates, engravings of

ladies' bonnets, interesting stories, like that of Reboul, the baker

of Nimes, Jasmin, the hairdresser of Agen, or _Monsieur_, the history

of your own life. They know, Monsieur, that above all things I love

poetry, especially that which brings tears into the eyes."

"Ah, I know," said I with a smile, "you are poetical as the winds

which sigh amid your olive-groves, or the dews which drip from your

fig trees."

"No, Monsieur, I am only a mantua-maker--a poor seamstress in ...

street, in Aix, the name of which I am almost ashamed to tell you. I

am no finer lady than was my mother. Once I was servant and nurse in

the house of M.... Ah! they were good people and treated me always as

if I belonged to the family. I too thought I did. My health however,

obliged me to leave them and establish myself as a mantua-maker, in

one room, with no companion but a goldfinch. That, however, is not the

question you asked me,--why I have come hither? I will tell you."

* * * * *

Truth is altogether ineffably, holily beautiful. Beauty has always

truth in it, but seldom unadulterated.

* * * * *

The poet's soul should be like the ocean, able to carry navies, yet

yielding to the touch of a finger.

* * * * *

ORIGINAL POETRY

AZELA.

BY MISS ALICE CAREY.

From the pale, broken ruins of the heart,

The soul's bright wing, uplifted silently,

Sweeps thro' the steadfast depths of the mind's heaven,

Like the fixed splendor of the morning star--

Nearer and nearer to the wasteless flame

That in the centres of the universe

Burns through the o'erlapping centuries of time.

And shall it stagger midway on its path,

And sink its radiance low as the dull dust,

For the death-flutter of a fledgling hope?

Or, with the headlong phrensy of a fiend,

Front the keen arrows of Love's sunken sun,

For that, with nearer vision it discerns

What in the distance like ripe roses seemed

Crimsoning with odorous beauty the gray rocks

Are the red lights of wreckers!

Just as well

The obstinate traveler might in pride oppose

His puny shoulder to the icy slip

Of the blind avalanche, and hope for life;

Or Beauty press her forehead in the grave,

And think to rise as from the bridal bed.

But let the soul resolve its course shall be

Onward and upward, and the walls of pain

May build themselves about it as they will,

Yet leave it all-sufficient to itself.

How like the very truth a lie may seem!--

Led by that bright curse, Genius, some have gone

On the broad wake of visions wonderful

And seemed, to the dull mortals far below,

Unraveling the web of fate, at will.

And leaning on their own creative power,

As on the confident arm of buoyant Love.

But from the climbing of their wildering way

Many have faltered, fallen,--some have died,

Still wooing from across the lapse of years

The faded splendour of a morning dream,

And feeding sorrow with remembered smiles.

Love, that pale passion-flower of the heart,

Nursed into bloom and beauty by a breath,

With the resplendence of its broken light,

Even on the outposts of mortality,

Dims the still watchfires of the waiting soul.

O, tender-visaged Pity, stoop from heaven,

And from the much-loved bosom of the past

Draw back the nestling hand of Memory,

Though it be quivering and pale with pain;

And with the dead dust of departed Hope

Choke up and wither into barrenness

The sweetest fountain of the human heart,

And stay its channels everlastingly

From the endeavor of the loftier soul.

Nay, 'twere a task outbalancing thy power,

Nor can the almost-omnipotence of mind

Away from aching bind the bleeding heart,

Or keep at will its mighty sorrow down.

And, were the white flames of the world below

Binding my forehead with undying pain,

The lily crowns of heaven I would put back,

If thou wert there, lost light of my young dream!--

Hope, opening with the faint flowers of the wood,

Bloomed crimson with the summer's heavy kiss,

But autumn's dim feet left it in the dust,

And like tired reapers my lorn thoughts went down

To the gloom-harvest of a hopeless love,

For past all thought I loved thee: Listening close

From the soft hour when twilight's rosy hedge

Sprang from the fires of sunset, till deep night

Swept with her cloud of stars the face of heaven,

For the quick music, from the pavement rung

Where beat the impatient hoof-strokes of the steed,

Whose mane of silver, like a wave of light,

Bathed the caressing hand I pined to clasp!

It is as if a song-lark, towering high

In pride of place, should stoop her sun-bathed wing,

Low as the poor hum of the grasshopper.

I scorn thee not, old man; no haunting ghost

Born of the darkness of thy perjury

Crosses the white tent of my dreaming now

But for myself, that I should so have loved!--

The sweet folds of that blessed charity,

Pure as the cold veins of Pentelicus,

Were all too narrow now to hide away

One burning spot of shame--the wretched price

Of proving traitor to the wondrous star

That with a cloud of splendor wraps my way.

And yet, from the bright wine-cup of my life,

The rosy vintage, bubbling to the brim,

Thou With a passionate lip didst drain away

And to God's sweet gift--human sympathy--

Making my bosom dumb as the dark grave,

Didst leave me drifting on the waste of life,

A fruitless pillar of the desert dust;

For, from the ashes of a ruined hope

There springs no life but an unwearied woe

That feeding upon sunken lip and cheek

Pushes its victims from mortality.

Vainly the light rain of the summer time

Waters the dead limbs of the blasted oak.

Love is the worker of all miracles;

And if within some cold and sunless cave

Thou hadst lain lost and dying, prompted not

My feet had struck that pathway, and I could,

With the neglected sunshine of my hair,

Have clasped thee from the hungry jaws of Death,

And on my heart, as on a wave of light

Have lulled thee to the beauty of soft dreams.

Weak, weak imagination! be dissolved

Like a chance snowflake in a sea of fire.

Let the poor-spirited children of Despair

Hang on the sepulchre of buried Hope

The fadeless garlands of undying song.

Though such gift turned on its pearly hinge

Sweet Mercy's gate, I would not so debase me.

Shut out from heaven, I, by the arch-fiend's wing,

As by a star, would move, and radiantly

Go down to sleep in Fame's bright arms the while

Hard by, her handmaids, the still centuries

Lilies and sunshine braided for my brow.

Angel of Darkness, give, O give me hate

For the blind weakness of my passionate love!

And if thou knowest sweet pity, stretch thy wing,

Spotted with sin and seamed with veins of fire,

Between the gate of heaven and my life's prayer.

For loving, thou didst leave me; and, for that

The lowly straw-roof of a peasant's shed

Sheltered my cradle slumbers, and that Morn,

Clasping about my neck her dewy arms,

Drew to the mountains my unfashioned youth,

Where sunbeams built bright arches, and the wind

Winnowed the roses down about my feet

And as their drift of leaves my bosom was,

Till the cursed hour, when pride was pillowed there,

Crimsoned its beauty with the fires of hell.

God hide from me the time when first I knew

Thy shame to call a low-born maiden, Bride!

Methinks I could have lifted my pale hands

Though bandaged back with grave-clothes, in that hour

To cover my hot forehead from thy kiss.

For the heart strengthens when its food is truth,

And o'er the passion-shaken bosom, trail

And burn the lightnings of its love-lit fires

Like a bright banner streaming on the storm.

The day was almost over; on the hills

The parting light was flitting like a ghost,

And like a trembling lover eve's sweet star,

In the dim leafy reach of the thick woods,

Stood gazing in the blue eyes of the night.

But not the beauty of the place nor hour

Moved my wild heart with tempests of such bliss

As shake the bosom of a god, new-winged,

When first in his blue pathway up the skies

He feels the embrace of immortality.

A little moment, and the world was changed--

Truth, like a planet striking through the dark,

Shone cold and clear, and I was what I am,

Listening along the wilderness of life

For faint echoes of lost melody.

The moonlight gather'd itself back from me

And slanted its pale pinions to the dust.

The drowsy gust, bedded in luscious blooms,

Startled, as 'twere at the death-throes of peace,

Down through the darkness moaningly fled off.

O mournful Past! how thou dost cling and cling--

Like a forsaken maiden to false hope--

To the tired bosom of the living hour,

Which, from thy weak embrace, the future time

Jocundly beckons with a roseate hand.

And, round about me honeyed memories drift

From the fair eminences of young hope,

Like flowers blown down the hills of Paradise,

By some soft wave of golden harmony,

Until the glorious smile of summers gone

Lights the dull offing of the sea of Death.

And though no friend nor brother ever made

My soul the burden of one prayer to Heaven,

I dread to go alone into the grave,

And fold my cold arms emptily away

From the bright shadow of such loveliness.

Can the dull mist where swart October hides

His wrinkled front and tawny cheek, wind-shorn,

Be sprinkled with the orange fire that binds

Away from her soft lap o'erbrimmed with flowers,

The dew-wet tresses of the virgin May?

Or can the heart just sunken from the day

Feed on the beauty of the noontide smile?--

O it is well life's fair things fade so soon,

Else we could never take our clinging hands

From Beauty's nestling bosom--never put

The red wine of love's kisses sternly back,

And feel the dull dust sitting on our lips

Until the very grass grew over us.

O it is well! else for this beautiful life

Our overtempted hearts would sell away

The shining coronals of Paradise.

In the gray branches of the oaks, starlit,

I hear the heavy murmurs of the winds,

Like the low plains of evil witches, held

By drear enchantments from their demon loves.

Another night-time, and I shall have found

A refuge from their mournful prophecies.

Come, dear one, from my forehead smooth away

Those long and heavy tresses, still as bright

As when they lay 'neath the caressing hand

That unto death betrayed me. Nay, 'tis well!

I pray you do not weep; or soon or late,

Were this sad doom unsaid, their light had filled

The empty bosom of the waiting grave.

There, now I think I have no further need--

For unto all at last there comes a time

When no sweet care can do us any good!

Not in my life that I remember of,

Could my neglect have injured any one,

And if I have by my officious love,

Thrown harmful shadows in the way of some,

Be piteous to my natural weakness, friends:

I never shall offend you any more!

And now, most melancholy messenger,

Touch my eyes gently with Sleep's heavy dew.

I have no wish to struggle from thy arms,

Nor is there any hand would hold me back.

To die, is but the common heritage;

But to unloose the clasp that to the heart

Folds the dear dream of love, is terrible--

To see the wildering visions fade away,

As the bright petals of the young June rose

Shook by some sudden tempest. On the grave

Light from the open sepulchre is laid,

And Faith leans yearningly away to heaven,

But life hath glooms wherein no light may come!

The night methinks is dismal, yet I see

Over yon hill one bright and steady star

Divide the darkness with its fiery wedge,

And sprinkle glory on the lap of earth.

Even so, above the still homes of the dead

The benedictions of the living lie.

Gatherers of waifs of beauty are we here,

Building up homes of love for alien hearts

That hate us for our trouble. When we see

The tempest hiding from us the sun's face,

About our naked souls we build a wall

Of unsubstantial shadows, and sit down

Hugging false peace upon the edge of doom.

From the voluptuous lap of time that is,

Like a sick child from a kind nurse's arms,

We lean away, and long for the far off.

And when our feet through weariness and toll

Have gained the heights that showed so brightly well,

Our blind and dizzied vision sees too late

The cool broad shadows trailing at the base.

And then our wasted arms let slip the flowers,

And our pained bosoms wrinkle from the fair

And smooth proportions of our primal years,

And so our sun goes down, and wistful death

Withdraws love's last delusion from our hearts,

And mates us with the darkness. Well, 'tis well!

* * * * *

TWO COUNTRY SONNETS.

I.--THE CONTRAST

But yester e'en the city's streets I trod

And breathed laboriously the fervid air;

Panting and weary both with toil and care,

I sighed for cooling breeze and verdant sod.

This morn I rose from slumbers calm and deep,

And through the casement of a rural inn,

I saw the river with its margins green,

All placid and delicious as my sleep.

Like pencilled lines upon a tinted sheet

The city's spires rose distant on the sky;

Nor sound familiar to the crowded street

Assailed my ear, nor busy scene mine eye;

I saw the hills, the meadows and the river--

I heard cool waters plash and green leaves quiver.

II.--PLEASURE.

These sights and sounds refreshed me more than wine;

My pulses bounded with a reckless play,

My heart exalted like the rising day.

Now--did my lips exclaim--is pleasure mine;

A sweet delight shall fold me in its thrall;

To day, at least, I'll feel the bliss of life;

Like uncaged bird,--each limb with freedom rife--

I'll sip a thousand sweets--enjoy them all!

The will thus earnest could not be denied;

I beckoned Pleasure and she gladly came:

O'er hill and vale I roamed at her dear side--

And made the sweet air vocal with her name:

She all the way of weariness beguiled,

And I was happy as a very child!

July, 1850.

T. ADDISON RICHARDS

* * * * *

ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE.

RAMBLES IN THE PENINSULA.

NO III.

BARCELONA, MAY 27, 1850.

My dear friend--I have been exceedingly pleased with what I have seen

and experienced during the time I have already spent in this handsome

and agreeable city. At present I have no traveling companion, and have

moreover only encountered one of my countrymen (with the exception of

the consuls) since my departure from Madrid, in January last. Besides,

I seldom hear the United States mentioned, never see any papers,

associate almost altogether with Spaniards, and converse chiefly in

their language.

The American Consul here (who is by the way a Spaniard) has been very

attentive and kind to me. We have taken several walks together, in

which he has pointed out to me the most notable edifices of Barcelona.

Among these is the magnificent theater called El Siceo, which is one

of the grandest in the world. It is certainly the most splendid of the

kind I have ever seen. It was built by subscription, at an expense of

about half a million of dollars, and is capable of containing nearly

six thousand persons. To my regret it is now closed. There is another

very fine theater here called El Principal, which is open every

evening. Last night I went to see the amusing opera of Don Pasquale,

by Donizetti, which was quite laudably performed. In fact I go most

every night, as I have nothing else to do, and have an excellent seat

at my disposal, with which the consul has been so kind as to favor

me. The appearance and manners of the audience are more interesting

to me than those of the stage-actors. Besides, I like to accustom my

ear to the Spanish, which I now speak with considerable fluency and

correctness. I have devoted much study to this and the French language

since I have been in Spain, and am now making some progress in the

Italian, through the Spanish. I am convinced that no man can properly

understand a people without knowing something of their language, which

is in a great degree the index of their character. Moreover it is an

indispensable condition to comfortable travel.

Among the distinguished characters in town is the famous Governor

Tacon, who so admirably conducted the affairs of state in the island

of Cuba some years since. He is staying with a particular friend of

the consul, who is an immensely wealthy man and lives in the most

princely style. I visited the house a few days since, before the

arrival of the governor, and was delighted with the splendid taste

displayed in the fresco of the ceiling, the stucco of the walls,

and indeed with every article of furniture with which the rooms

were supplied. On the parterre, or lower roof, was a little gem of a

garden, with raised beds, blooming with beautiful plants and flowers,

while in the middle was a fountain and on each side a miniature arbor

of grapes. Really, nothing could be more charming and luxurious. It

was like peeping into the bygone days of fairydom.

Barcelona is one of the best places in Spain for one to be during

the observance of remarkable festivals. The celebration of Corpus

Christi, which commences on the 30th, is said to be conducted here on

a most magnificent scale. Of this I can form some conception from the

brilliant procession which I witnessed yesterday afternoon, it being

Trinity Sunday. The procession was preceded by two men on mules, over

whose necks were strung a pair of tambours, (a kind of drum,) upon

which the men were vigorously beating. Then came a priest, bearing

a large and elaborately worked cross; after him came the body of the

procession in regular order, consisting of young priests in white

gowns, chanting as they marched; citizens in black, with white

waistcoats and without hats; little girls representing the angels, in

snowy gauze dresses with flowers, garlands, and a light azure scarf

flowing from their heads; numerous bands of music, some of them

playing solemn airs, others quick-steps and polkas; a fine display of

infantry, and after all a noble body of cavalry, on fine horses, in

striking uniform, each of them carrying a spear-topped banner in their

hands. The general appearance of this procession, (each member of

which, with the exception of the soldiers, carried a lighted candle

or torch in his hand,) marching through one of the superb but narrow

streets, while from almost every balcony was suspended a gay "trede,"

(a scarf-like awning,) either of blue, or crimson, or yellow, the

balconies themselves being crowded with clusters of bright-eyed

girls,--constituted one of the most brilliant and attractive

spectacles that I ever witnessed. Yet they tell me that the procession

of Corpus Christi will be infinitely more splendid and elaborate.

I am living here very comfortably. My rooms are pleasant and overlook

the charming Rambla. My mornings are generally spent in reading and

studying Spanish. At four o'clock my Irish friend and myself proceed

to the fine restaurant where we are accustomed to dine: here we meet

an intelligent Spanish gentleman, who completes our party, and as he

does not speak English, all conversation is conducted at the table

in the Spanish language. Dinner being over, we next visit a palverine

cafe, where we meet a number of Spanish acquaintances, with whom we

take coffee and a cigar. We all sally out together, and walk for an

hour or two, either in the environs of the city, or along their mural

terrace, overlooking the blue waters of the Mediterranean, closing our

promenade at length upon the crowded and animated Rambla. After the

theater, a stroll in the moonlight upon this magnificent promenade,

and as the clock strikes the hour of midnight we retire, and bathe in

the waters of oblivion till morn. My days in Spain are drawing near

their end. I am ready to leave, though I shall cast many a lingering

thought, many a fond recollection behind; and in future years, I shall

sadly recall these hours, which, I fear, can never be recalled. But

away with the enervating reflections of grief! Read nothing in the

past but lessons for the future. When you think of its pleasures,

think also of the cares they produced and the anxieties they cost

you. Behold, they are ended, and forever. Have you reaped from them

a moral, or have you been poisoned with their sting? Have you not

discovered that pleasure is a phantom, which vanishes in proportion

to the eagerness with which it is pursued? that by itself it fatigues

without satisfying--that it knows no limits or bounds to gratify

the restless and unfettered soul--that it is a _feeble soil_, which,

without the sweat of labor and the tears of sorrow, produces nothing

but the weeds of sin and the thorny briars of remorse? Have you

learned all this, and are you not a wiser and a better man? Let all

who have traveled for pleasure answer the question to themselves.

Truly your friend,

JOHN E. WARREN.

* * * * *

The Rev Henry Giles, in a lecture on "Manliness," thus designates

the four great characteristics which have distinguished mankind. "The

Hebrew was mighty by the power of Faith--the Greek by Knowledge and

Art--the Roman by Arms--but the might of the Modern Man is placed in

Work. This is shown by the peculiar pride of each. The pride of the

Hebrew was in Religion--the pride of the Greek was in Wisdom--the

pride of the Roman was in Power--the pride of the Modern Man is placed

in Wealth."

* * * * *

Carlyle and Emerson.--They are not finished writers, but great

quarries of thought and imagery. Of the two, Emerson is much the finer

spirit. He has not the radiant range of imagination or any of the

rough power of Carlyle, but his placid, piercing insight irradiates

the depth of truth further and clearer than do the strained glances of

the latter. A higher mental altitude than Carlyle has mounted, by most

strenuous effort, Emerson has serenely assumed.

* * * * *

AUTHORS AND BOOKS.

The Literature of Supernaturalism was never more in request than since

the Seeresses of Rochester commenced their levees at Barnum's Hotel.

The journals have been filled with jesting and speculation upon the

subject,--mountebank tricksters and shrewd professors have plied their

keenest wits to discover the processes of the rappings--and Mrs. Fish

and the Foxes in spite of them all preserve their secret, or at least

are as successful as ever in persuading themselves and others that

they are admitted to communications with the spiritual world. For

ourselves, while we can suggest no explanation of these phenomena,

and while in every attempted explanation of them which we have seen,

we detect some such difficulty or absurdity as makes necessary its

rejection, we certainly could never for a moment be tempted to a

suspicion that there is anything supernatural in the matter. Such

an idea is simply ridiculous, and will be tolerated only by the

ignorant, the feeble-minded, or the insane. Still, the "knockings"

are sufficiently mysterious, and if unexposed, sufficiently fruitful

of evil, to be legitimate subjects of investigation, and he who under

such circumstances is so careful of his dignity as to disregard the

subject altogether, is as much mistaken as the gravest buffoon of

the circus. We reviewed a week or two ago "The Phantom World," just

republished by Mr. Hart; the Appletons have recently printed an

original work which we believe has considerable merit, entitled

"Credulity and Superstition;" and Mr. Redfield has in press and nearly

ready, an edition of "The Night Side of Nature," by Miss Crowe, author

of "Susan Hopley." This we believe is the cleverest performance upon

ghosts and ghost-seers that has appeared in English since the days

of Richard Glanvill; and with the others, it will be of service in

checking the progress of the pitiable superstition which has been

readily accepted by a large class of people, so peculiarly constituted

that they could not help rejecting the Christian religion for its

"unreasonableness and incredibility!"

* * * * *

"Some Honest Opinions upon Authors, Books, and other subjects," is

the title of a new volume by the late Edgar A. Poe, which Mr. Redfield

will publish during the Fall. It will embrace besides several of the

author's most elaborate æsthetical essays, those caustic personalities

and criticisms from his pen which, during several years, attracted so

much attention in our literary world. Among his subjects are Bryant,

Cooper, Pauldings, Hawthorne, Willis, Longfellow, Verplanck, Bush,

Anthon, Hoffman, Cornelius Mathews, Henry B. Hirst, Mrs. Oakes Smith,

Mrs. Hewitt, Mrs. Lewis, Margaret Fuller, Miss Sedgwick, and many

more of this country, beside Macaulay, Bulwer, Dickens, Horne, Miss

Barrett, and some dozen others of England.

* * * * *

Mr. Dudley Bean occupies the first two sheets of the last

_Knickerbocker_ with a very erudite and picturesque description of

the attack upon Ticonderoga by the grand army under Lords Amherst and

Howe, in "the old French War." Mr. Bean is an accomplished merchant,

of literary abilities and a taste for antiquarian research, and he is

probably better informed than any other person living upon the history

and topography of all the country for many miles about Lake George,

which is the most classical region of the United States. He has

treated the chief points of this history in many interesting papers

which he has within a few years contributed to the journals, and we

have promise of a couple of octavos, embracing the whole subject, from

his pen, at an early day. We know of nothing in the literature of our

local and particular history that is more pleasing than the specimens

of his quality in this way which have fallen under our notice.

* * * * *

Mr. William Young, the thoroughly accomplished editor of the _Albion_,

is to be our creditor in the coming autumn for two hundred songs of

Beranger, in English, with the pictorial illustrations which graced

the splendid edition of the great lyrist's works recently issued in

Paris. Mr. Young may be said to be as familiar with the niceties of

the French language as the eloquent and forcible editorials of the

_Albion_ show him to be with those of his vernacular; and he has

studied Beranger with such a genial love and diligence, that he

would probably be one of his best editors, even in Paris. In literal

truth and elaborate finish, we think his volume will show him to be

a capital, a nearly faultless, translator. But Beranger is a very

difficult author to turn into English, and we believe all who have

hitherto essayed this labor have found his spirit too evanescent for

their art. The learned and brilliant "Father Prout" has been in some

respects the most successful of them all; but his versions are not to

be compared with Mr. Young's for adherence either to the bard's own

meaning or music. In pouring out the Frenchman's champagne, the latter

somehow suffers the sparkle and bead to escape, while the former

cheats us by making his stale liquor foam with London soda. We shall

be impatient for Mr. Young's book, which will be published by Putnam,

in a style of unusual beauty.

* * * * *

Dr. Achilli, whose history, so full of various and romantic

vicissitudes, has become familiar in consequence of his imprisonments

in the Roman Inquisition, is now in London, at the head of a

congregation of Protestant Italians. He has intimated to Dr. Baird his

intention to visit this country within a few months. He resided here

many years ago.

* * * * *

Shirley, by the author of Jane Eyre, has been translated into French,

and is appearing as the _feuilleton_ of the _National_, newspaper. Mr.

LIVERMORE, one of our most learned bibliopoles, has a very interesting

article upon Public Libraries, in the last _North American Review_.

He notices in detail several generally inaccessible reports on the

libraries of Europe and this country; after referring to the number

and extent of libraries here and elsewhere, and showing that in this

respect we rank far below most of the countries of Europe, though

second to none in general intelligence and the means of common

education, he urges the institution of a large national library, and

sees in the foundation of the Smithsonian Institution a prospect that

the subject is likely to receive speedy and efficient attention.

* * * * *

PROFESSOR JOHNSON, author of the well-known work on Agricultural

Chemistry, has been delivering lectures upon the results of his recent

tour in the British Provinces and the United States, in one of which

he observed, "In New Brunswick, New England, Vermont, New Hampshire,

Connecticut, and New York, the growth of wheat has almost ceased; and

it is now gradually receding farther and farther westward. Now, when

I tell you this, you will see that it will not be very long before

America is unable supply us with wheat in any large quantity. If we

could bring Indian corn into general use, we might get plenty of it;

but I do not think that the United States need be any bug bear to

you." Prof. J. was in New York last March.

* * * * *

CHARLOTTE CUSHMAN, with Miss Hayes, the translator of George Sand's

best works, was at the last dates on a visit to the popular poetess

of the milliner and chambermaid classes, Eliza Cook, who was very ill.

Miss Cushman is really quite as good a poet as Miss Cook, though by no

means so fluent a versifier. She will return to the United States in a

few weeks to fulfill some professional engagements.

* * * * *

Rev. Mr. MOUNTFORD, an English Unitarian clergyman, who recently came

to this country, and who is known in literature and religion as the

author of the two very clever works, "Martyria" and "Euthanasia," has

become minister of a congregation at Gloucester, in Massachusetts.

* * * * *

BENJAMIN PERLEY POORE, author of "The Life and Times of Louis

Philippe," &c., invited the corps of Massachusetts Volunteers,

commanded by him in the Mexican campaign, to celebrate the anniversary

of their return, at his pleasant residence on Indian Hill Farm, in

West Newbury, last Friday.

* * * * *

Rev. WARREN BURTON, a graceful writer and popular preacher among the

Unitarians, has resigned the pastoral office in Worcester to give his

undivided attention to the advocacy of certain theories he has formed

for the moral education of the young.

* * * * *

RICHARD S. MCCULLOCH, Professor of Natural Philosophy at Princeton

College, and some time since melter and refiner of the United States

Mint, has addressed a letter to the Secretary of the Treasury, in

which he states that he has discovered a new, quick, and economical

method of refining argentiferous and other gold bullion, whereby the

work may be done in one-half the present time, and a large saving

effected in interest upon the amount refined.

* * * * *

THE LATE SIR JOSEPH BANKS lies buried in Heston Church. There is

neither inscription, nor monument, nor memorial window to mark the

place of his sepulture; even his hatchment has been removed from its

place. Surely, as President of the Royal Society, a member of so many

foreign institutions, as well as a man who had traveled so much, he

should have been thought worthy of some slight mark of respect.

* * * * *

ELIHU BURRITT is presented with the Prince of Wales in one of the

designs for medals to be distributed on the occasion of the great

Industrial Exhibition in London; and the Athenæum properly suggests

that such an obtrusion of the "learned Blacksmith" (who has really

scarce any learning at all) is "little better than a burlesque."

* * * * *

HORACE MANN, President of the late National Convention of the friends

of education, had issued an address inviting all friendly to the

object, whether connected with and interested in common-schools,

academies, or colleges, to meet in convention at Philadelphia on the

fourth day of August next.

* * * * *

LIEUT. MAURY says that the new planet, _Parthenope_, discovered by

M. Gasparis, of Naples, has been observed at Washington, by Mr. J.

Ferguson. It resembles a star of the tenth magnitude. This is the

eleventh in the family of asteroids, and the seventh within the last

five years.

* * * * *

GEORGE WILKINS KENDALL is now in New York, having visited New

Orleans since his return from Paris. His History of the Mexican War,

illustrated by some of the cleverest artists of France, will soon be

published here and in London.

* * * * *

Mrs. FANNY KEMBLE has left this country for England, on account of the

sudden illness of her father, Charles Kemble, of whose low state of

health we have been apprised by almost every arrival for a year.

* * * * *

M. BALZAC's recent marriage, at his rather advanced period of life,

finds him, for the first time, an invalid, and serious fears are now

entertained for him, by friends and physicians.

* * * * *

ORESTES A. BROWNSON has received the degree of LL.D. from the R.C.

College, Fordham.

* * * * *

RECENT DEATHS.

* * * * *

SARGENT S. PRENTISS, one of the most distinguished popular orators of

the age, died at Natchez, Mississippi, on the 3d inst. He was a native

of Maine, and after being admitted to the bar he emigrated to the

Southwest, where his great natural genius, with his energy and

perseverance, soon gained for him a well-deserved reputation as one

of the most successful advocates at the bar, and as one of the most

brilliant and effective speakers in all that part of the country,

where "stumping" is the almost universal practice among political

aspirants.

He was once elected to the House of Representatives from his adopted

State, and was excluded from his seat by the casting vote of James K.

Polk, at that time Speaker of the House. The facts in regard to the

affair, according to the _Tribune_, are substantially as follows:

In 1837, the President, Mr. Van Buren, called an Extra Session

of Congress to assemble in September of that year. The laws of

Mississippi required that the election for Congressmen for that State

for the twenty-fifth Congress should be held in November, and in

order that the State should be represented in the Extra Session, the

Governor ordered an election to be held in July for the choice of

two Congressmen "to fill the vacancy until superseded by the members

to be elected at the next regular election, on the first Monday, and

the day following, in November next." The election was held under

the authority of the Governor's proclamation, and the Democratic

candidates, Claiborne and Gholson, were elected by default. They took

their seats in the House, in which there was a decided Democratic

majority, and immediately applied themselves to the task of inducing

the House to declare that they had been duly elected not only for the

Extra Session, but for the full term of two fears following. Of course

they accomplished their object. The November Election arrived and the

Whigs nominated Prentiss and Word. The Democrats brought out Claiborne

and Gholson again, and the result was that the Whig candidates were

chosen by a triumphant majority. They received their certificates

of election from the proper authority and presented themselves at

the regular session of Congress in December, and found their seats

occupied by the brace of Democrats whom the people of Mississippi

had elected to stay at home, and after a most severe and memorable

contest, the new members presented themselves for admission at the bar

of the House, which decided readily that Claiborne and Gholson were

not entitled to their places, but instead of admitting Prentiss

and Word, by Mr. Polk's casting vote declared the seats vacant, and

referred the whole subject back to the people. During the discussion

of the question Mr. Prentiss made a speech which will be remembered

and admired as long as genius and true manly eloquence are

appreciated. Another election was held in the following month of

March, and Prentiss and Word were again returned, and this time

they were admitted to their seats. The remaining session of the

twenty-fifth Congress, Prentiss served with distinguished ability. We

believe this closed his career as a statesman. He recently removed

to New Orleans, where he continued the practice of the law, standing

always at the head of his profession.

* * * * *

THE LATE HON. NATHANIEL SILSBEE, according to the Salem, Mass.

_Gazette_, of the 16th inst., began his career soon after the breaking

out of the French revolution, and the general warfare in which all

Europe became embroiled. At this favorable point of time, Mr. S.

having finished his term of service at one of our best private schools

of instruction, under the Rev. Dr. Cutler, of Hamilton, and having

abandoned the collegiate course for which he had been prepared,

and been initiated into the forms of business and knowledge of

the counting-room, he engaged in the employ of one of our most

enterprising merchants, Hasket Derby, Esq., the leader of the vanguard

of India adventures. At the age of 18, he embarked on the sea of

fortune as clerk of a merchant vessel. On his next voyage he took the

command of a vessel, and before he arrived at the age of 21, he sailed

for the East Indies in a vessel, which, at this day, would scarcely be

deemed suitable for a coasting craft, uncoppered, without the improved

nautical instruments and science which now universally prevail,

trusting only to his dead reckoning, his eyes, and his head, not

one on board having attained to the age of his majority. He served

successively as representative in our State Legislature, as member of

Congress for six years, as State Senator, over which body he presided,

and as Senator in Congress, for nine years, with honor to himself, and

satisfaction to his constituents. In all commercial questions which

presented themselves to the consideration of Congress, while a member

of both houses, no man's opinion was more sought for and more justly

respected.

* * * * *

SEVERAL FAMOUS FRENCHMEN have left the world within a few weeks.

Quatremere de Quincy, who was in the first rank of archæology and

æsthetics, died at the age of ninety-five; Count Mollien, the famous

financier--often a minister--at eighty-seven; Baron Meneval, so long

the private, confidential, all-trusted private secretary of Napoleon,

between seventy and eighty; Count Berenger, one of the Emperor's

Councillors and Peers, conspicuous for the independence of his spirit,

as well as administrative qualifications, was four-score and upward.

The obsequies of these personages were grand ceremonials. President

Napoleon sent his carriages and orderly officers to honor the remains

of the old servants of his uncle. This class might be thought to

have found an elixir of life, in their devotion to the Emperor or

his memory. A few of them survive, like Marshal Soult, wonders of

comfortable longevity.

* * * * *

REMARKABLE WORK BY A CHINESE.

To the man of science, the philanthropist and the Christian, it will

prove a stirring incident that a work on Geography has just been

issued by a native Chinese, embracing the history and condition of

other nations. Here is a stroke, such as has never yet been dealt

against the ignorance and prejudice which has erected such a wall of

exclusiveness around three hundred millions of people. A Lieutenant

Governor is the author, and, by a commendatory preface, it is pressed

upon the notice of his countrymen by a Governor General--both of these

men high in office in the Chinese Government.

In reference to his map of the world, the writer remarks: "We knew

in respect to a Northern frozen ocean, but in respect to a Southern

frozen ocean we had not heard. So that, when Western men produced maps

having a frozen ocean at the extreme South, we supposed that they

had made a mistake in not understanding the Chinese language, and had

placed that in the South which should have been placed only in the

North. But on inquiring of an American, one Abeel, (the Missionary,)

he said this doctrine was verily true, and should not be doubted."

It is a fact full of interest that the chronology adopted in this work

is that usually received by European writers. The more prominent facts

of sacred history subsequent to the Deluge, are either alluded to, or

stated at length, much as they occur in the Scriptures.

It is interesting to us, too, that this work presents to the Chinese

a more definite and discriminating view of the different religions of

the world, than has yet appeared in the Chinese language.

Speaking of different countries of India under European sway, where

Buddhism or Paganism and Protestantism exist together, the author

does not hesitate to say that the latter is gradually overcoming the

former, "whose light is becoming more and more dim." This is a very

remarkable concession, when we consider that the individual who makes

it is probably a Buddhist himself, and represents the religion of

China as Buddhism.

It is a remarkable fact, that this work contains a more extensive and

correct account of the history and institution of Christian nations

than has ever been published before by any heathen writer in any age

of the world.

This remarkable work will introduce the "Celestials" to such an

acquaintance with "the outside barbarians" as cannot fail to give them

new ideas, remove something at least of the insane prejudice against,

and contempt of, all other nations, which has so long prevailed.

We regard it as a very important agency in preparing the way for

that Christianity which the friends of the perishing are seeking to

introduce into that benighted empire. A book by a native Chinaman,

himself high in office, and recommended by a still higher officer

of the government, the author still himself a Pagan, yet reasoning

upon the great facts of the Bible, and opening the hitherto unknown

civilized and Christian world to his countrymen--such a book cannot

but become an important pioneer in the work of pouring the light of

truth upon that dark land.--_Boston Traveler_.

* * * * *

[FROM SARTAIN'S MAGAZINE, FOR AUGUST.]

REQUIEM.

UPON THE DEATH OF FRANCES SARGENT ASGOOD.

BY ANNE C. LYNCH.

To what bright world afar dost thou belong

Thou whose pure soul seemed not of mortal birth?

From what fair realm of flowers, and love, and song,

Cam'st thou a star-beam to our shadowed earth?

What hadst thou done, sweet spirit! in that sphere,

That thou wert banished here?

Here, where our blossoms early fade and die,

Where autumn frosts despoil our loveliest bowers;

Where song goes up to heaven, an anguished cry

From wounded hearts, like perfume from crushed flowers;

Where Love despairing waits, and weeps in vain

His Psyche to regain.

Thou cam'st not unattended on thy way;

Spirits of beauty, grace, and joy, and love

Were with thee, ever bearing each some ray

Of the far home that thou hadst left above,

And ever at thy side, upon our sight

Gleamed forth their wings of light.

We heard their voices in the gushing song

That rose like incense from thy burning heart;

We saw the footsteps of the shining throng

Glancing upon thy pathway high, apart,

When in thy radiance thou didst walk the earth,

Thou child of glorious birth.

But the way lengthened, and the song grew sad,

Breathing such tones as find no echo here;

Aspiring, soaring, but no longer glad,

Its mournful music fell upon the ear;

'Twas the home-sickness of a soul that sighs

For its own native skies.

Then he that to earth's children comes at last,

The angel-messenger, white-robed and pale,

Upon thy soul his sweet oblivion cast,

And bore thee gently through the shadowy vale,--

The fleeting years of thy brief exile o'er,--

Home to the blissful shore.

* * * * *

MR. HEALEY is in Paris, engaged busily on his Webster and Hayne

picture, of which at the time of its projection, so much was said.

The canvas is some twenty feet by fourteen, and all the heads will be

portraits. It will be valuable, and must command a ready sale. Will

Massachusetts buy it for her State House, or South Carolina for her

Capitol? It would be a splendid ornament for Fanueil Hall, and not be

misplaced on the walls of the Charleston Court House.

* * * * *

MANUEL GODOY, the famous "Prince of Peace," it is mentioned in recent

foreign journals, has left Paris for Spain. The Government at Madrid

has restored a considerable part of his large confiscated estates, and

he probably has returned to enjoy a golden setting sun. He must be at

least eighty years of age.

* * * * *

MONS. LIBRI, a well known savant, member of the Institute, and a

professor of the College of France, has been charged, in Paris, with

having committed extensive thefts of valuable MSS. and broken in the

public libraries. He has persisted in proclaiming his innocence, and

is warmly defended by certain papers. An indictment was found, he did

not appear; he was tried, in his absence, for contumacy. He was found

guilty of the most extensive depredations in this way. Abstracting the

most valuable books, effacing identifying marks, sending them out of

the country to be rebound, and then selling them at costly rates. He

was sentenced to imprisonment for ten years at hard labor.

* * * * *

SKETCH OF A STREET CHARACTER OF CAIRO.--The Caireen donkey-boy is

quite a character, and mine in particular was a perfect original. He

was small and square of frame, his rich brown face relieved by the

whitewash of teeth and the most brilliant black eyes, and his face

beamed with a merry, yet roguish expression, like that of the Spanish,

or rather Moorish, boy, in Murillo's well known masterpiece, with whom

he was probably of cognate blood. Living in the streets from infancy,

and familiar with the chances of out-door life, and with every

description of character; waiting at the door of a mosque or a cafe,

or crouching in a corner of a bazaar, he had acquired a thorough

acquaintance with Caireen life; and his intellect, and, I fear, his

vices, had become somewhat prematurely developed. But the finishing

touch to his education was undoubtedly given by the European travelers

whom he had served, and of whom he had, with the imitativeness of his

age, picked up a variety of little accomplishments, particularly the

oaths of different languages. His audacity had thus become consummate,

and I have heard him send his fellows to ---- as coolly, and in as

good English, as any prototype of our own metropolis. His mussulman

prejudices sat very loosely upon him, and in the midst of religious

observances he grew up indifferent and prayerless. With this

inevitable laxity of faith and morals, contracted by his early

vagabondage, he at least acquired an emancipation from prejudice,

and displayed a craving after miscellaneous information, to which his

European masters were often tasked to contribute. Thrown almost in

childhood upon their resources, the energy and perseverance of these

boys is remarkable. My little lad had, for instance, been up the

country with some English travelers, in whose service he had saved

four or five hundred piastres, (four or five pounds), with which he

bought the animal which I bestrode, on whose sprightliness and good

qualities he was never tired of expatiating, and with the proceeds

of whose labor he supported his mother and himself. He had but one

habitual subject of discontent, the heavy tax imposed upon his donkey

by Mehemet Ali, upon whom he invoked the curse of God; a curse, it

is to be feared, uttered, not loud but deep, by all classes save the

employés of government. His wind and endurance were surprising. He

would trot after his donkey by the hour together, urging and prodding

along with a pointed stick, as readily in the burning sandy environs,

and under the noonday sun, as in the cool and shady alleys of the

crowded capital; running, dodging, striking, and shouting with all

the strength of his lungs, through the midst of its labyrinthine

obstructions.--_The Nile Boat_.

* * * * *

MENDELSSOHN'S SKILL AS A CONDUCTOR.--In the spring of 1835.

Mendelssohn was invited to come to Cologne, in order to direct the

festival. Here we met again, and thanks to his kindness, I had the

pleasure of being present at one of the general rehearsals, where

he conducted Beethoven's Eighth Symphony. It would be a matter

of difficulty to decide in which quality Mendelssohn excelled the

most--whether as composer, pianist, organist, or conductor of the

orchestra. Nobody ever knew better how to communicate, as if by an

electric fluid, his own conceptions of a work, to a large body of

performers. It was highly interesting on this occasion to contemplate

the anxious attention manifested by a body of more than five hundred

singers and performers, watching every glance of Mendelssohn's eye,

and following, like obedient spirits, the magic wand of this musical

_Prospero_. The admirable _allegretto_ in B flat, of Beethoven's

Symphony, not going at first to his liking, he remarked, smilingly,

that he knew every one of the gentlemen engaged was capable of

performing and even composing a scherzo of his own; but that _just

now_ he wanted to hear Beethoven's, which he thought had some merit.

It was cheerfully repeated. "Beautiful! charming!" cried Mendelssohn,

"but still too loud in two or three instances. Let us take it again,

from the middle." "No, no," was the general reply of the band; "the

whole movement over again for our own satisfaction;" and then they

played it with the utmost delicacy and finish, Mendelssohn laying

aside his baton, and listening with evident delight to the more

perfect execution. "What would I have given," exclaimed he, "if

Beethoven could have heard his own composition so well understood and

so magnificently performed!" By thus giving alternately praise and

blame, as required, spurring the slow, checking the too ardent, he

obtained orchestral effects seldom equaled in our days. Need I

add, that he was able to detect at once, even among a phalanx of

performers, the slightest error, either of note or accent.--_Life of

Mendelssohn_.

* * * * *

There is a mutual hate between the virtuous and the vicious, the

spiritual and the sensual: but the pure abhor understandingly, knowing

the nature of their antagonists, while the vile nurse an ignorant

malignity, pained with an unacknowledged ache of envy.

* * * * *

Superstition In France.--The _Courrier de la Meuse_ says: "Witchcraft

is still an object of belief in our provinces. On Sunday last, in a

village belonging to the arrondissement of Verdun, the keeper of the

parish bull forgot to lay before the poor animal at the usual hour

its accustomed allowance of provender. The bull, impatient at the

delay, made a variety of efforts to regain his liberty, and at last

succeeded. The first use he made of his freedom was to demolish a

rabbit-hutch which was in the stable. The keeper's wife, hearing a

noise, ran to the place, and as soon as she saw the bull treading

mercilessly upon the rabbits with his large hoofs, seized a cudgel and

showered down a volley of blows on the crupper of the devastator. But

not being accustomed to this rough treatment, the bull grew angry,

and fell upon his neighbors the oxen, and what with horns and hoofs,

turned the stable into a scene of terror and confusion. The woman

began to cry for help. Her cries were heard, and with some trouble

the bull was ousted from the stable, and forthwith began to butt at

everything in his path. The mayor and the adjoint of the commune were

attracted to the scene of this riot, and on witnessing the animal's

violence, declared, after a short deliberation, that the bull was a

sorcerer, or at any rate that he was possessed with a devil, and that

he ought to be conducted to the presbytery in order to be exorcised.

The authorities were accordingly obeyed, and the bull was dragged or

driven into the presence of the curate, who was requested to subject

him to the formalities prescribed in the ritual. The good priest found

no little difficulty in escaping the pressing solicitations of his

parishioners. At last, however, he succeeded; but though the bull

escaped exorcism, he could not elude the shambles. Condemned to death

by the mayor as a sorcerer, his sentence was immediately executed."

* * * * *

The Libraries At Cambridge.--There are now belonging to the various

libraries connected with the University, about 86,000 volumes beside

pamphlets, maps and prints. The Public Library contains over 57,000

volumes. The Law Library, 13,000; Divinity School, 3000; Medical

School, 1,200; Society Libraries for the Students, 10,000. There have

been added during the past year 1,751 volumes, and 2,219 pamphlets.

* * * * *

The _Birmingham Mercury_ thinks some of Lord Brougham's late

proceedings may be accounted for in part by natural vexation at

Cottenham being made an earl. "Cottenham is several years younger than

Brougham, and was his successor in the chancellorship, and yet _he_

gets an earldom, while Brougham, who was known all over the world

before Cottenham was ever heard of out of the Equity Courts, still

remains and is likely to remain a simple baron."

* * * * *

Romantic History of two English Lovers.--In the reign of Edward III.,

Robert Machim, an accomplished gentleman, of the second degree of

nobility, loved and was beloved by the beautiful Anna d'Arfet, the

daughter of a noble of the first class. By virtue of a royal warrant

Machim was incarcerated for his presumption; and, on his release,

endured the bitter mortification of learning that Anna had been

forcibly married to a noble, who carried her to his castle, near

Bristol. A friend of Machim's had the address to introduce himself to

the family, and became the groom of broken-hearted Anna, who was thus

persuaded and enabled to escape on board a vessel with her lover, with

the view of ending her days with him in France. In their hurry and

alarm they embarked without the pilot, and the season of the year

being the most unfavorable, were soon at the mercy of a dreadful

storm. The desired port was missed during the night, and the vessel

driven out to sea. After twelve days of suffering they discovered

faint traces of land in the horizon, and succeeded in making the spot

still called Machico. The exhausted Anna was conveyed on shore, and

Machim had spent three days in exploring in the neighborhood with

his friends, when the vessel, which they had left in charge of the

mariners, broke from her moorings in a storm and was wrecked on the

coast of Morocco, where the crew were made slaves. Anna became dumb

with sorrow, and expired three days after. Machim survived her but

five days, enjoining his companions to bury him in the same grave,

under the venerable cedar, where they had a few days before erected

a cross in acknowledgment of their happy deliverance. An inscription,

composed by Machim, was carved on the cross, with the request that the

next Christian who might chance to visit the spot would erect a church

there. Having performed this last sad duty, the survivors fitted out

the boat, which they had drawn ashore on their landing, and putting to

sea in the hope of reaching some part of Europe, were also driven on

the coast of Morocco, and rejoined their companions, but in slavery.

Zargo, during an expedition of discovery to the coast of Africa,

took a Spanish vessel with redeemed captives, amongst whom was an

experienced pilot, named Morales, who entered into the service

of Zargo, and gave him an account of the adventures of Machim, as

communicated to him by the English captives, and of the landmarks and

situations of the newly-discovered island.--_Madeira, by Dr. Mason_.

* * * * *

Centenary Performances in commemoration of the death-day of John

Sebastian Bach--the 28th of July--are this week to be held at Leipsic,

(where an assemblage of two thousand executants is to be convened

for the display of some of the masters greatest works,) at Berlin, at

Magdeburg, at Hamburg, and at other towns in North Germany.

* * * * *

[FROM THE LEADER.]

POETS IN PARLIAMENT.

The prominence which the "winged words" of Victor Hugo have recently

given him in the Assembly has called forth sarcastic insinuations and

bitter diatribes from all the Conservative journals. There seems to

be an intensity of exasperation, arising from the ancient prejudice

against poets. A poet treating of politics! Let him keep to

rhymes, and leave the serious business of life to us practical men,

sober-minded men--men not led away by our imaginations--men not moved

to absurdities by sentiment--solid, sensible, moderate men! Let him

play with capricious hand on the chords which are resonant to his

will; but let him not mistake his frivolous accomplishment for the

power to play upon the world's great harp, drawing from its grander

chords the large responses of more solemn themes. Let him "strike

the light guitar" as long as women will listen, or fools applaud. But

politics is another sphere; into that he can only pass to make himself

ridiculous.

Thus reason the profound. Thus saith the good practical man, who,

because his mind is a congeries of commonplaces, piques himself on

not being led away by his imagination. The owl prides himself on the

incontestable fact that he is not an eagle.

To us the matter has another aspect. The appearance of Poets and men

of Sentiment in the world of Politics is a good symptom; for at a

time like the present, when positive doctrine can scarcely be said to

exist in embryo, and assuredly not in any maturity, the presence of

Imagination and Sentiment--prophets who endow the present with some

of the riches borrowed from the future--is needed to give grandeur

and generosity to political action, and to prevent men from entirely

sinking into the slough of egotism and routine. Salt is not meat,

but we need the salt to preserve meat from corruption. Lamartine and

Victor Hugo may not be profound statesmen; but they have at least

this one indispensable quality of statesmanship; they look beyond the

hour, and beyond the circle, they care more for the nation than for

"measures;" they have high aspirations and wide sympathies. Lamartine

in power committed many errors, but he also did great things, moved

thereto by his "Imagination." He abolished capital punishment; and he

freed the slaves; had the whole Provisional Government been formed of

such men it would have been well for it and for France.

We are as distinctly aware of the unfitness of a poet for politics, as

any of those can be who rail at Hugo and Lamartine. Images, we know,

are not convictions; aspirations will not do the work; grand speeches

will not solve the problems. The poet is a "phrasemaker"; true; but

show us the man in these days who is more than a phrasemaker! Where is

he who has positive ideas beyond the small circle of his speciality?

In rejecting the guidance of the Poet to whom shall we apply? To

the Priest? He mumbles the litany of an ancient time which falls on

unbelieving ears. To the Lawyer? He is a metaphysician with precedents

for data. To the Litterateur? He is a phrasemaker by profession. To

the Politician? He cannot rise above the conception of a "bill." One

and all are copious in phrases, empty of positive ideas as drums.

The initial laws of social science are still to be discovered and

accepted, yet we sneer at phrasemakers! Carlyle, who never sweeps out

of the circle of sentiment--whose eloquence is always indignation--who

thinks with his heart, has no words too scornful for phrasemakers and

poets; forgetting that he, and we, and they, are _all_ little more

than phrasemakers waiting for a doctrine!

There is something in the air of late which has called forth the poets

and made them politicians. Formerly they were content to leave these

troubled waters undisturbed, but finding that others now are as

ignorant as themselves, they have come forth to give at least the

benefit of their sentiment to the party they espouse. In no department

can phrasemaking prosper where positive ideas have once been attained.

Metaphors are powerless in astronomy; epithets are useless as

alembics; images, be they never so beautiful, will fail to convince

the physiologist. Language may adorn, it cannot create science. But as

soon as we pass from the sciences to social science, (or politics,) we

find that here the absence of positive ideas gives the phrasemaker the

same power of convincing, as in the early days of physical science was

possessed by metaphysicians and poets. Here the phrasemaker is king;

as the one-eyed is king in the empire of the blind. Phrasemaker for

phrasemaker, we prefer the poet to the politician; Victor Hugo to Léon

Faucher; Lamartine to Odilon Barrot; Lamennais to Baroche.

Kossuth, Mazzini, Lamartine, the three heroes of 1848, were all,

though with enormous differences in their relative values and

positions, men belonging to the race of poets--men in whom the

_heart_ thought--men who were moved by great impulses and lofty

aspirations--men who were "carried away by their imagination"--men who

were "dreamers," but whose dreams were of the stuff of which our life

is made.

* * * * *

The fine immortal spirit of inspiration that is ever living in human

affairs, is unseen and incredible till its power becomes apparent

through the long past; as the invisible but indelible blue of the

atmosphere is not seen except we look through extended space.

* * * * *

The distinction between the sensual, frivolous many, and the few

spiritual and earnest, may be stated thus--the first vaguely guess the

others to be fools, _they_ know that the former are fools.

* * * * *

[FROM THE NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE.]

FRANK HAMILTON; OR, THE CONFESSIONS OF AN ONLY SON.

BY W.H. MAXWELL, ESQ.

* * * * *

CHAPTER I.

"_Malvolio._ 'Tis but fortune; all is fortune."

_Twelfth Night_.

"_Bassanio_. 'Tis not unknown to you, Antonio,

How much I have disabled my state.

By something showing a more swelling port

Than my faint means would grant continuance."

_Merchant of Venice_.

I am by birth an Irishman, and descended from an ancient family. I lay

no claim to any connection with Brian Boru, or Malichi, of the crown

of gold, a gentleman who, notwithstanding the poetical authority

of Tom Moore, we have some reason to believe during his long and

illustrious reign was never master of a crown sterling. My ancestor

was Colonel Hamilton, as stout a Cromwellian as ever led a squadron

of Noll's Ironsides to a charge. If my education was not of the

first order, it was for no lack of instructors. My father, a half-pay

dragoon, had me on the pig-skin before my legs were long enough to

reach the saddle-skirt; the keeper, in proper time, taught me to

shoot: a retired gentleman, _olim_, of the Welsh fusileers, with a

single leg and sixty pounds per annum, paid quarterly by Greenwood

and Cox, indoctrinated me in the mystery of tying a fly, and casting

the same correctly. The curate--the least successful of the lot,

poor man--did his best to communicate Greek and Latin, and my cousin

Constance gave me my first lessons in the art of love. All were able

professors in their way, but cousin Constance was infinitely the most

agreeable.

I am by accident an only son. My mother, in two years after she had

sworn obedience at the altar, presented her liege lord with a couple

of pledges of connubial love, and the gender of both was masculine.

Twelve years elapsed and no addition was made to the Hamiltons; when

lo! upon a fine spring morning a little Benjamin was ushered into

existence, and I was the God-send. My father never could be persuaded

that there was a gentlemanly profession in the world but one, and

that was the trade of arms. My brothers, as they grew up, entirely

coincided with him in opinion, and both would be soldiers. William

died sword in hand, crowning the great breach at Rodrigo; and Henry,

after demolishing three or four cuirassiers of the Imperial Guards,

found his last resting-place on "red Waterloo." When they were named,

my father's eyes would kindle, and my mother's be suffused with tears.

He played a fictitious part, enacted the Roman, and would persuade you

that he exulted in their deaths; but my mother played the true one,

the woman's.

It was an autumnal evening, just when you smell the first indication

of winter in a rarefied atmosphere, and see it in the clear curling

of the smoke, as its woolly flakes rise from the cottage chimney and

gradually are lost in the clear blue sky. Although not a cold evening,

a log fire was extremely welcome. My father, Heaven rest him! had a

slight touch in the toe of what finished him afterward in the stomach,

namely, gout.

"James," said my lady mother, "it is time we came to some decision

regarding what we have been talking of for the last twelve months.

Frank will be eighteen next Wednesday."

"Faith! it is time, my dear Mary; the premises are true, but the

difficulty is to come at the conclusion."

"You know, my love, that only for your pension and half-pay, from the

tremendous depreciation in agricultural property since the peace, we

should be obliged to lay down the old carriage, as you had to part

with the harriers the year after Waterloo."

That to my father was a heavy hit. "It was a devil of a sacrifice,

Mary,"--and he sighed, "to give up the sweetest pack that ever man

rode to; one, that for a mile's run you could have covered with

a blanket--heigh-ho! God's will be done;" and after that pious

adjuration, my father turned down his tumbler No. 3, to the bottom.

The memory of the lost harriers was always a painful recollection, and

brought its silent evidence that the fortunes of the Hamiltons were

not what they were a hundred years ago.

"With all my care," continued my mother, "and, as you know, I

economize to the best of my judgement, and after all is done that can

be done, our income barely will defray the outlay of our household."

"Or, as we used to say when I was dragooning thirty years ago, 'the

tongue will scarcely meet the buckle,'" responded the colonel.

"I have been thinking," said my mother timidly, "that Frank might go

to the bar."

"I would rather that he went direct to the devil," roared the

commander, who hated lawyers, and whose great toe had at the moment

undergone a disagreeable visitation.

"Do not lose temper, dear James," and she laid down her knitting to

replace the hassock he had kicked away under the painful irritation

of a disease that a stoic could not stand with patience, and, as they

would say in Ireland, would fully justify a Quaker if "he kicked his

mother."

"Curse the bar!" but he acknowledged his lady wife's kind offices by

tapping her gently on the cheek. "When I was a boy, Mary, a lawyer and

a gentleman were identified. Like the army--and, thank God! that is

still intact, none but a man of decent pretensions claimed a gown, no

more than a linen-draper's apprentice now would aspire to an epaulet.

Is there a low fellow who has saved a few hundreds by retailing whisky

by the noggin, who will not have his son 'Mister Counsellor O'Whack,'

or 'Mister Barrister O'Finnigan'? No, no, if you must have Frank bred

to a local profession, make him an apothecary; a twenty pound note

will find drawers, drugs, and bottles. Occasionally he may be useful;

pound honestly at his mortar, salve a broken head, carry the country

news about, and lie down at night with a tolerably quiet conscience.

He may have hastened a patient to his account by a trifling over-dose;

but he has not hurried men into villainous litigation, that will

eventuate in their ruin. His worst offense against the community

shall be a mistaking of toothache for tic-douloureux, and lumbago for

gout--oh, d----n the gout!"--for at that portion of his speech the

poor colonel had sustained an awful twinge.

"Well," continued the dame, "would you feel inclined to let him enter

the University, and take orders?"

"Become a churchman?" and away, with a furious kick, again went the

hassock. "You should say, in simple English, make him a curate for the

term of natural life. The church in Ireland, Mary, is like the bar, it

once was tenanted by gentlemen who had birth, worth, piety, learning,

or all united to recommend him to promotion. Now it is an arena where

impure influence tilts against unblushing hypocrisy. The race is

between some shuffling old lawyer, or a canting saint. One has reached

the woolsack by political thimble-rigging, which means starting

patriot, and turning, when the price is offered, a ministerial hack.

He forks a drunken dean, his son, into a Father-in-Godship with all

the trifling temporalities attendant on the same. Well, the other

fellow is a 'regular go-a-head,' denounces popery, calculates the

millennium, alarms thereby elderly women of both sexes, edifies old

maids, who retire to their closets in the evening with the Bible in

one hand, and a brandy-bottle in the other; and what he likes best,

spiritualizes with the younger ones."

"Stop, dear James." The emphasis on the word _spiritualize_ had

alarmed my mother, who, to tell the truth, had a slight touch of the

prevailing malady, and, but for the counteracting influence of the

commander, might have been deluded into saintship by degrees.

The great toe was, however, again awfully invaded, and my father's

spiritual state of mind not all improved by the second twinge, which

was a heavy one.

"Why, d----n it--"

"Don't curse, dear James."

"Curse! I will; for if you had the gout, you would swear like a

trooper."

"Indeed I would not."

"Ah, Mary," replied my father, "between twinges, if you knew the

comfort of a curse or two--it relieves one so."

"That, indeed, James, must be but a sorry consolation, as Mr. Cantwell

said--"

"Oh! d----n Cantwell," roared my father, "a fellow that will tell you

that there is but one path to heaven, and that he has discovered it.

Pish! Mary, the grand route is open as the mail-coach road, and Papist

and Protestant, Quaker and Anabaptist, may jog along at even pace. I'm

not altogether sure about Jews and Methodists. One bearded vagabond

at Portsmouth charged me, when I was going to the Peninsula, ten

shillings a pound for exchanging bank notes for specie, and every

guinea the circumcised scoundrel gave was a light one. He'll fry--or

has fried already--and my poor bewildered old aunt, under the skillful

management of the Methodist preachers, who for a dozen years in their

rambles, had made her house an inn, left the three thousand five

per cents, which I expected, to blow the gospel-trumpet, either in

California or the Cape--for, God knows, I never particularly inquired

in which country the trumpeter was to sound 'boot and saddle,' after I

had ascertained that the doting fool had made a legal testament quite

sufficient for the purposes of the holy knaves who humbugged her.

Cantwell is one of the same crew, a specious hypocrite. I would attend

to the fellow no more than to that red-headed rector--every priest

is a rector now--who often held my horse at his father's forge, when

T happened to throw a shoe hunting,--and would half break his back

bowing, if I handed him now and then a sixpence. Would I believe

the dictum of that low-born dog, when he told me that in

head-quarters"--and my father elevated his hand toward heaven--"they

cared this pinch of snuff, whether upon a Friday I ate a rasher or

red-herring?"

Two episodes interrupted the polemical disquisition. In character none

could be more different--the one eventuated in a clean knock down--the

other decided indirectly my future fortunes--and, in the next chapter,

both shall be detailed.

* * * * *