We must tell our readers something of the founder of this movement.
James Taylor, junior, of Birmingham, deserves a passing notice at our
hands. He was born in that town in 1814, and is consequently now in the
prime of his life, rather young considering the greatness he has already
achieved. His father is a tradesman of the same town, where he has
acquired a limited competency by his honest industry, and where he still
carries on business for the benefit of the younger branches of his
family. Like all other Birmingham boys James was put to work at an early
age, and became an apprentice in one of the fancy trades for which
Birmingham is so well known. There his industrious habits soon acquired
for him the approbation of his master, who gave up Taylor his indentures
in consequence of his retiring from business before the latter was of
age. About this time Taylor, earning good wages, and not having the fear
of Malthus before his eyes, got married, and lived happily till troubles
came and the demon of strong drink cast its fatal spell upon his domestic
hearth. After years of utter misery and degradation Taylor, in a happy
hour for himself and society, signed the Temperance pledge, and became a
new man, and to the pledge, fortunately, he remained faithful, in spite
of ridicule and reproach from the boon companions with whom he had
thoughtlessly squandered so much of happiness, and health, and money, and
time. No temptation ever led him back. Nor was he satisfied with his
own reform alone. He was anxious that others should be rescued from
degradation as he had already been. For this purpose he identified
himself with the Temperance cause, and was Honorary Secretary to the
Birmingham Temperance Society till he became the Apostle of the Freehold
Land Movement. Since then his life and labours have become public. No
man has worked harder than Mr. Taylor. Our readers would be astonished
if they knew the number of miles Mr. Taylor travels, and of public
meetings he attends in the course of the year connected with the
movement; sometimes the exertion has been too great, and his health has
given way for a time. Those who have heard him once will never forget
him. Those who have not heard him, if such there be, have indeed a treat
in store. With but few or no adventitious aids--without even "little
Latin and less Greek"--an unassuming plain working man, in spite of all
this, so fascinating is his unadorned eloquence that no one can listen to
him without admiring his earnestness and moral worth--without feeling
that England has no worthier son than the originator of the Freehold Land
Movement--without feeling that time alone can tell what he has done for
the political, and social, and moral emancipation of her toiling race.
We may also add here that Mr. Taylor has been at times a contributor to
the press as well as a platform orator--that he has been twice
married--that he resides at Temperance Cottage, Birmingham, in the
enjoyment of a domestic felicity which we trust will attend him to a
green old age. It may be said of Taylor what has been said of many
infinitely less useful men, that--
"He is a man, take him for all in all,
We ne'er shall look upon his like again."
This feeling has become common wherever Mr. Taylor has been known. From
far and near have reached him testimonials of respect and esteem. At an
early stage of its existence the Wolverhampton Society acknowledged its
sense of Mr. Taylor's services by presenting him with a valuable gold
watch; and at the last Annual Conference of the friends of the Movement,
held in December, 1852, it was unanimously resolved that "as it appeared
that various sums of money have been from time to time subscribed with a
view of offering some suitable recognition of the valuable and
disinterested services of Mr. James Taylor, it is desirable that a
committee be appointed to suggest the most suitable testimonial to that
gentleman, and to take such steps as may seem to them most desirable in
furtherance of the object." In pursuance of this resolution a committee
was formed to receive subscriptions, of which Mr. Scholefield, M.P. for
Birmingham, is Treasurer. This committee consists of most of the
gentlemen connected with the London societies, and it is to be hoped that
they are giving the subject the importance it really deserves. A prophet
should be honoured in his own age and country. In their lifetime the
world's benefactors should reap their reward.
Having thus explained the nature of Freehold Land Societies, and detailed
their rise and progress and present position, we propose to consider
their effects. For this purpose we shall examine the Movement as
offering