Shall cause a change, and put another in the Raign,
Soon, late come to so high a degree, in a low age,
So that by Land and Sea he must be feared.
ANNOT.
The two first Verses are plain.
The two last signifie, that a youth shall come to the Kingdom, _soon_,
that is, by reason of the sudden death of the _chief man_, and _late_;
because being but young, he shall Reign so long, that he shall be famous,
and feared by Sea and Land.
XV.
French.
D’ou pensera faire venir famine,
De la viendra le rassasiement,
L’œil de la Mer par avare canine,
Pour de l’un lautre donra Huile, Froment.
English.
Whence one thought to make famine to come,
Thence shall come the fulness,
The eye of the Sea through a doggish covetousness,
Shall give to both Oyl and Wheat.
ANNOT.
This Prophecie was fulfilled at the famous Siege of _Ostend_, which
lasted three years and three Months; for the _Hollanders_ that brought
relief to the Town, did for covetousness sell the ammunition to the
_Spaniards_ that besieged it, for which complaint being made by the
States to the Prince of _Orenge_, _Maurice_ of _Nassaw_, as also that they
did the like to _Newport_, which he had besieged; he replyed smartly, do
you not know that your Countrey men would Sail into Hell, were it not for
fear to have their Sails burnt.
XVI.
French.
La Cité franche de liberté fait serue,
Des profligés & resueurs fait azyle,
Le Roy changé a eux non si proterue,
De cent seront devenus plus de Mille.
English.
The free City from a free one shall become slave,
And of the banished and dreamers shall be a retreat,
The King changed in mind, shall not be so froward to them.
Of one hundred they shall become more than a thousand.
ANNOT.
Here you must observe that the Author being a Papist, speaketh this
concerning the City of _Geneva_, which he saith from a free City became a
slave, when it shook off the Duke of _Savoy_’s domination, and became a
retreat to the Protestants, whom he called the _banished_ and _dreamers_.
In the third Verse, by _the King changed in his mind that shall not be
so froward to them_, he meaneth, _Henry_ IV. who having changed the
Protestant Religion, to be a _Roman_ Catholick, did undertake their
protection against the Duke of _Savoy_ their Prince.
Hence followeth the explication of the fourth Verse, when he saith, that
_of one hundred they shall become more than a thousand_; for in few
years the Protestants became so numerous, that they drove the _Roman_
Catholicks wholly out of the Town, and so have remained to this day
Masters of it.
XVII.
French.
Changer a _Beaune_, _Nuis_, _Chalons_, & _Dijon_,
Le Duc voulant amender la barrée,
Marchant pres Fleuve, Poisson, bec de plongeon,
Verra la queüe: Porte sera serrée.
English.
There shall be a change at _Beaune_, _Nuis_, _Chalons_, _Dijon_,
The Duke going about to raise Taxes,
The Merchant near the River shall see the tail
Of a Fish, having the Bill of a Cormorant: the door shall be shut.
ANNOT.
_Beaune_, _Chalons_, and _Dijon_, are Cities in _France_, _Nuis_ is a
Town in _Germany_ near the _Rhyne_, three or four Leagues below _Colen_.
For the rest, every one may make his own interpretation, for it is hard
to guess who this Duke should be, or that Fish either, that shall have a
Cormorants Bill after whom the door shall be shut.
XVIII.
French.
Les plus Lettrez dessus les faits Cœlestes,
Seront par Princes ignorans reprouvez,
Punis d’Edict, chassez comme scelestes,
Et mis a mort la ou seront trouvez.
English.
The most Learned in the Celestial sciences,
Shall be found fault with, by ignorant Princes.
Punished by proclamation, chased away as wicked,
And put to death where they shall be found.
ANNOT.
This is plain, and signifieth no more then a persecution against the
Professors of Heavenly sciences, such as are Astrologers, Astronomers,
_&c._
XIX.
French.
Devant _Rouan_ d’_Insubres_ mis le Siege,
Par Terre & Mer enfermez les passages,
D’_Hainaut_, de _Flandres_ de _Gand_ & ceux de _Liege_,
Par leurs levées raviront les Rivages.
English.
Before _Rouan_ a Siege shall be laid by the _Insubrians_.
By Sea and Land the passages shall be shut up,
Those of _Hainaut_, _Flanders_, _Ghent_, and _Liege_,
With their Troops shall plunder the Sea-shore.
ANNOT.
This is still concerning the Duke of _Parma_’s Army, when he came into
_France_ against _Henry_ the IV. in favour of the League, for his Army
wherewith he Besieged _Rouen_, was compounded of all those Nations; the
greatest part of which were _Italians_, called here _Insubrians_, from
the Latin word _Insubria_, which signifieth the Countreys of _Savoy_ and
_Piemont_.
XX.
French.
Paix uberté long temps on ne loüera,
Part tout son Regne desert la fleur de Lis,
Corps mort d’Eau, Terre on apportera,
Sperants vain heur d’estre la ensevelis.
English.
Peace and plenty shall not be long praised,
All the time of his Reign the Flower de Luce shall be deserted,
Bodies shall die by water, Earth shall be brought,
Hoping vainly to be there Buried.
ANNOT.
This only foretelleth a great Famine and Inundation in _France_,
signified here by the _Flower de Luce_.
XXI.
French.
Le changement sera fort difficile,
Cité Province au change gain fera,
Cœur haut, prudent mis, chassé l’Inhabile,
Mer, Terre, Peuple, son estat changera.
English.
The change shall be very hard,
The City and Countrey shall gain by the change,
A high prudent heart shall be put in, the unworthy expelled,
Sea, Land, People shall change its condition.
ANNOT.
This needeth no Interpretation.
XXII.
French.
La grand Copie qui sera dechassée,
Dans un moment fera besoing au Roy,
La Foy promise de loing sera faucée,
Nud se verra en piteux defarroy.
English.
The great Army that shall be rejected,
In a moment shall be wanted by the King.
The faith promised a far off shall be broken,
So that he shall be left naked in a pitiful case.
ANNOT.
This is plain.
XXIII.
French.
La Legion dans la Marine classe,
_Calcine Magnes_, Souphre & Poix bruslera,
Le long repos de l’asseurée place,
_Port Selin_ chercher, feu les consumera.
English.
The Legion in the Maritine Fleet,
_Calcineth Magnes_, shall burn Brimstone and Pitch,
The long rest of the secure place,
They shall seek _Port Selyn_, but fire shall consume them.
ANNOT.
Here we must observe four things, the first is, that _Calais_ is called
by the Author, _The long rest of the secure place_. Because then _viz._
in the year 1555. it was yet in the power of the King of _England_, and
had been quietly before, for the space of 287. years, that is, from the
year 1347. till the year 1555. and was so still, till the year 1557. when
the Duke of _Guise_ took it, whence we gather that it was a secure place
that had enjoyed so long a rest.
The second is, that those of _Diepe_ did watch for the _Spaniards_, in
the passage between _Dover_ and _Calais_, therefore the Author saith,
_They shall seek Port Selyn_, _Selyn_ Port or Harbour is always taken by
the Author for an Harbour in the _Ocean_.
The third is, that the great fight between the _French_ and the
_Spaniards_ was by fire, so that most part of the Ships on each side were
burnt, and the _Spanish_ and _French_ Souldiers did cast themselves into
the Sea, to save their lives in their enemies Ships, where they were
slain.
The fourth is, that those of _Diepe_ being extraordinary skilful in
Sea-fights had made great quantity of artificial fires, to cast into the
_Spanish_ Ships, but the Ships grapling one with another, they were burnt
on both sides.
Upon those four circumstances the two first Verses say, that _the Legion
in the Fleet Calcineth magnes_, that is Loadstone burnt, and shall _burn
Pitch and Brimstone_, to make Artificial fires.
The third and fourth Verse say, that this _Sea Legion_ shall seek an
Harbour in the Ocean, which shall be _a secure place, by a long rest_,
that is _Calais_. She will seek that _Selyn_ Harbour to shelter her self,
because _Calais_ did then belong to the _English_, but by reason of the
narrowness of the _Sea_, the _French_ watched for the _Spaniards_ there,
and to shew that they sought onely for _Calais_ to meet the _Spaniards_,
they carried the _Spanish_ Ships which they took into _Diepe_, and not
into _Calais_.
The _French_ Impression hath a fault here, putting _Port Hercle_ instead
of _Port Selyn_, which is a manifest error, for the taking of _Port
Hercle_ by the _Florentines_ the 14. of _June_ 1555. was by a Land Army,
besides, that _Port Selyn_ is always taken by the Author for a Port in
the Ocean.
XXIV.
French.
Ouy soubs Terre Sainte Dame voix feinte,
Humaine flamme pour Divine voir luire,
Fera des sœurs de leur sang Terre tainte,
Et les Saints Temples par les impurs destruire.
English.
Under ground shall be heard the fained voice of a Holy Dame,
An humane flame to see a Divine one,
Shall cause the ground to be died with the sisters blood,
And the Holy Temples to be destroyed by the wicked.
ANNOT.
Every one may understand this as well as I.
XXV.
French.
Corps sublimes sans fin a l’œil visibles,
Obnubiler viendront par ces raisons,
Corps, front compris, sens & chef invisibles,
Diminuant les Sacrées Oraisons.
English.
The Celestial bodies that are always visible to the eye,
Shall be darkened for these reasons,
The body with the forehead sense and head invincible.
Diminishing the Sacred Prayers.
ANNOT.
This is of the same nature as the foregoing.
XXVI.
French.
Lou grand Cyssame se levera d’abelhos,
Que non lauran don te siegen venguddos,
Denuech lenbousq, lun gach dessous las treilhos,
Ciutad trahido per cinq lengos non nudos.
English.
The great swarm of Bees shall rise,
And it shall not be known whence they come,
Towards the Ambush so the Jay shall be under a Vine,
A City shall be betray’d by five tongues not naked.
ANNOT.
The Author having made this Stanza in the _Provencal_ Language, that was
his Mother Tongue, which hath very little relation to the rest of the
_French_ tongue, hath put me to some trouble to understand it; at last
I found the meaning to be this, that when a great swarm of Bees shall
light on some place, and it shall not be known whence they came, then
shall be seen a Jay under a Vine, and a City shall be betrayed by five
several Nations.
XXVII.
French.
_Salon_, _Mansol_, _Tarascon_, _de Sex_, Larc,
Ou est debout encor la _Pyramide_,
Viendront livrer le Prince _Denemark_,
Rachat honny au Temple d’_Artemide_.
English.
_Salon_, _Mansol_, _Tarascon_, _Desex_, the arche,
Where to this day standeth the _Pyramis_,
Shall come to deliver the Prince of _Denmark_,
A shameful ransom shall be paid in the Temple of _Artemis_.
ANNOT.
_Salon_, _Mansol_, _Tarascon_, _Desex_, are Towns in _Provence_ and
_Languedo_.
By the _Arch_, here is meant the Triumphal Arch of _Caius Marius_, which
he erected after the defeat of the _Cimbres_ and _Teutons_, and remaineth
to this day in that Province, within two or three Leagues off the Town of
_Orenge_.
_Artemis_ is an Epethete of _Diana_, so called ’πο τοῦ ἀερὰ τεμνειν, _a
secando aerem_.
XXVIII.
French.
Lors que _Venus_ du Sol sera couvert,
Soubs la splendeur sera la forme occulte,
_Mercure_ au feu les aura descouvert,
Par bruit Bellique sera mis a l’Insulte.
English.
When _Venus_ shall be covered by the Sun,
Under the splendor of it shall be an occult form,
_Mercury_ in the fire shall discover them,
And by a Warlike rumor shall be provoked.
ANNOT.
If this Book cometh ever into the hands of _Hermes_’s Disciples, I
shall desire they would consider diligently this Stanza, and the three
following; for they are all concerning the _Elixir_ of the Philosophers,
or the making of the Philosophers stone. To begin with this:
_When ~Venus~ shall be covered by the Sun._
This is the Astral point, so much sought after by the Philosophers, for
the beginning of their work, without the knowledge of which they cannot
begin their work, or come to any good.
_Under the splendor of it shall be an occult form_, that is, under that
conjunction lyeth a great mystery.
_~Mercury~ in the fire shall discover them_, _viz._ Mercury of the
Philosophers, made by Cœlestial fire.
_And by a Warlike rumor shall be provoked_; that is, the Planet of
_Mercury_ shall be provoked to mix his variable and changable disposition
with theirs, by his Aspects, Oppositions, Conjunctions, &c. It is not
possible to speak more plainly.
XXIX.
French.
Le Sol caché, eclipsé par _Mercure_,
Ne sera mis que pour le Ciel second,
De _Vulcan_ _Hermes_ sera faite Pasture,
Sol sera veu pur, rutilant & blond.
English.
The Sun shall be hid and eclipsed by _Mercury_,
And shall not be set but for the second Heaven,
_Hermes_ shall be made a prey to _Vulcan_,
And after that the Sun shall be seen pure, shining and yellow.
ANNOT.
Here I must lead the Reader with _Ariadnes_ Thread, that he may extrecate
himself out of this Labyrinth.
_The Sun shall be hid and Eclipsed by ~Mercury~_; that is, Gold shall be
Eclipsed and dissolved by the Philosophers Mercury, which is the Key and
foundation of all the work.
_And shall not be set but for the second Heaven_; that is, shall not be
used till you come to the second part of the work, which is that of the
Furnace.
_~Hermes~ shall be made a prey to ~Vulcan~_; that is, the matter and
composition of the _Elixir_, shall be put upon the fire in a Furnace.
_And after that the Sun shall be seen pure, shining, yellow_; that is,
in conclusion after projection made, thou shalt see pure, shining, and
Yellow Gold.
XXX.
French.
Plus d’unze fois Luna Sol ne voudra,
Tous augmentes & baissez de degre,
Et si bas mis que peu d’Or on coudra,
Qu’apres faim, peste, descouvert le secret.
English.
The Moon will not have the Sun above eleven times,
Then both shall be encreased and lessened in degree,
And put so low, that a little Gold shall be sowed up,
So that after hunger and plague, the secret shall be discovered.
ANNOT.
_The Moon will not have the Sun above eleven times_; that is, the Moon of
the Philosophers will not imbibe their Sun above Eleven times.
_Then both shall be encreased and lessened in degree_; that is, both shall
be encreased in quality, and lessened in quantity.
_And put so low that a little Gold shall be sowed up_; that is, the
powder of projection, or Philosophers stone shall be so small in Bulk,
that one may sow it about him, and hide it in his Cloths.
_After famine and plague the secret shall be discovered_; that is,
somebody shall die, with famine or plague, about which the secret shall
be found and discovered.
XXXI.
French.
La Lune au plain de nuit sur le haut Mont,
Le nouveau _Sophe_ d’Un seul cerveau la veu,
Par ses Disciples estre immortel semond,
Yeux au Midy, enfin, mains corps au feu.
English.
The Moon at full by night upon the high Mount,
The new _Sophe_ with one onely Brain hath seen it,
Invited by his Disciples to become immortal,
His eyes to the South, conclusion, his hands and body to the fire.
ANNOT.
_Sophe_ in Greek signifieth a wise man or Philosopher, who shall find the
Philosophers stone, when the Moon shall come to the full in the night
upon a high Mount. His Disciples shall perswade him to make himself
immortal, they being perswaded that the _Elixir_ cureth all diseases.
The last Verse saith, _His eyes to the South, his hands and body to
the fire_; that is, this Chymist or _Adeptus_, shall retire into some
Southern Countrey to work.
I cannot omit here that a conceited Chymist in _Paris_, whose name was
_Haumont_, in _English_, _Highmount_, could not be disswaded but our
Author spake of him in this Stanza, and that he could not die till he had
got the Philosophers stone, but to other matters.
XXXII.
French.
Es lieux & temps chair au poisson donra lieu,
La loy commune sera faite au contraire,
Vieux tiendra fort puis osté du milieu,
Le _Panta_, _Choina_, _Philon_ mis fort arriere.
English.
In places and times, flesh shall give place to fish,
The common Law shall be made against it,
The old man shall stand fast, then being taken away
The _Panta_, _Choina_, _Philon_, shall be set aside.
ANNOT.
_Panta_, _Choina_, _Philon_, are three Greek words, παντὰ χοινα φιλῶν,
which signifie in Latine, _omnia inter amicos communia_, and in
_English_, all things are common among friends. The rest is easie.
XXXIII.
French.
_Jupiter_ joint plus _Venus_ qu’a la Lune,
Apparoissant de plenitude blanche,
_Venus_ cachée soubs la blancheur _Neptune_,
De _Mars_ frappée par la gravée branche.
English.
_Jupiter_ being more joyned to _Venus_ then to the Moon,
Appearing in a full whiteness,
_Venus_ being hid under the whiteness of _Neptune_,
Stricken by _Mars_ through the ingraved branch.
ANNOT.
These terms being _Astronomical_ and _Astrological_, it is hard to guess
at the Authors mind.
XXXIV.
French.
Le grand mené captif d’estrange Terre;
Dor enchainé au Roy _Cheyren_ offert,
Qui dans _Ausonne_, _Milan_ perdra la Guerre,
Et tout son Ost mis a Feu & a Fer.
English.
The great one brought Prisoner from a far Countrey,
And chained with Gold, shall be presented to the King _Chyren_,
Being then at _Ausone_. _Milan_ shall loose the War.
And all its Host shall be put to fire and sword.
ANNOT.
The meaning of this is, that when a great one from a far Countrey, shall
be brought Prisoner chained with gold, and presented to a King called
_Henry_ (for _Cheyren_ by transposition of letters is _Henry_) who then
shall beat _Bordeaux_; _Milan_ shall loose a great Army.
XXXV.
French.
Le feu esteint, les vierges trahiront,
La plus grand part de la bande nouvelle,
Pouldre a feu les seuls Rois garderont,
_Hetrusque_ & _Corse_, de nuit, gorge alumelle.
English.
The fire being put out, the Virgins shall betray,
The greatest part of the new troup,
Gunpowder, Lance, shall keep only the Kings,
In _Hetruria_ and _Corsica_ by night throats shall be cut.
ANNOT.
_Hetruria_ is the Country _Tuscany_ now under the Duke of _Florence_,
and _Corsica_ is an Island in the _Mediterranean_ Sea belonging to the
_Genoese_. The rest is plain.
XXXVI.
French.
Les jeux nouveaux en _Gaule_ redressez,
Apres Victoire de l’_Insubre_ Campagne,
Monts d’_Hesperie_, les grands liez troussez,
De peur trembler la _Romagne_ & l’_Espagne_.
English.
The new plays shall be set up again in _France_,
After the Victory obtained in _Piemont_,
Mountains of _Spain_, the great ones tied, carried away,
_Romania_ and _Spain_ shall quake for fear.
ANNOT.
This is a Prognostication of the rejoycing that should be in _France_,
after the winning of that famous battle _Serizoles_ in _Piemont_, against
the Armies of the Emperour and the King of _Spain_.
XXXVII.
French.
_Gaulois_ par saults Monts viendra penetrer,
Occupera le grand Mont de l’_Insubre_,
Au plus profond son Ost sera entrer,
_Genes_, _Monech_ pousseront classe rubre.
English.
The _French_ by leaping shall go over the Mountains,
And shall seize upon the great Mount of the _Savoyard_,
He shall cause his Army to go to the furthermost,
_Genoa_, and _Monaco_ shall set out their red Fleet.
ANNOT.
This Prophecy is concerning _Henry_ the IV. King of _France_, who went
over the _Alpes_ and conquered the Duke of _Savoy_’s Countrey, because
he would not restore the Markdom of _Salvees_. _Genoa_ and _Monaco_ are
Cities near _Savoy_.
XXXVIII.
French.
Pendant que Duc, Roy, Roine occupera,
Chef _Bizantin_ captif en _Samothrace_,
Avant lassault l’un l’autre mangera,
_Rebours_ ferré suivra du sang la trace.
English.
While the Duke shall busie the King and the Queen,
A great man of _Constantinople_ shall be prisoner in _Samothracia_,
Before the assault one shall eat up the other,
_Rebours_ shod shall trace one by the blood.
ANNOT.
The three first Verses are plain, as for the fourth, either it is falsly
Printed, or I must confess I understand it not.
XXXIX.
French.
Les _Rhodiens_ demanderont secours,
Par le neglect de ses hoirs delaissée,
L’Empire _Arabe_ ravalera son cours,
Par _Hesperie_ la cause redressée.
English.
The _Rhodiens_ shall ask for succours,
Being forsaken by the neglect of her Heirs,
The _Arrabian_ Empire shall slack his course,
By the means of _Spain_ the case shall be mended.
ANNOT.
By the _Rhodians_ are understood the Knights of _Maltha_, because they
dwelt first at _Rhodes_.
By the second Verse it is said, it was _the neglect of her Heirs_, that
is of the Heirs of _Rhodes_ the Knights of _Maltha_, who being careless
of themselves, were besieged by _Solyman_, which constrained them to ask
succours of all the Christian Princes, which came very slowly, at last
_Dom Garcia_ Viceroy of _Sicily_ relieved them, and drove away the Turks
that had suffered great loss, therefore the Author saith in the third
Verse, _The ~Arabian~ Empire shall slack his course_.
XL.
French.
Les Forteresses des Assiegez serrez,
Par poudre a feu profondez en abysme,
Les proditeurs seront tous vifs serrez,
Onc aux _Sacristes_ navint si piteux schisme.
English.
The strong places of the Besieged shall be straightned,
By Gunpowder they shall be plonged into a pit,
The Traytors shall be shut up alive,
Never did happen so pitiful schisme to the _Sacristes_.
ANNOT.
By the _Sacristes_, he understandeth the Clergy of the Roman Religion.
XLI.
French.
_Gynique_ Sexe captive par Hostage,
Viendra de nuit custodes decevoir,
Le Chef du Camp deceu par son language,
Lairra la gente, sera piteux a voir.
English.
_Gynical_ sexe being captive by Hostage,
Shall come by night to deceive her keepers,
The Chief of the Camp being deceived by her Language,
Shall leave her folks, a thing pitiful to behold.
ANNOT.
_Gynical_ Sex is a woman from the Greek word γυνὴ, which signifieth a
woman.
The meaning then of this Stanza is, that a woman being given in Hostage,
and made prisoner, shall deceive her keepers, and among the rest, the
chief Captain who shall forsake his Troops and run away with her.
XLII.
French.
_Geneve_ & _Langres_ par ceux de _Chartre_ & _Dole_,
Et par _Grenoble_ captif au _Montlimar_,
_Seysset_, _Lausane_, par fraudulente dole,
Les trahiront pour Or soixante mark.
English.
_Geneve_ and _Langres_ by those of _Chartres_ and _Dole_,
And by one of _Grenoble_ captive at _Montlimar_,
_Seisset_, _Lozanne_ by a fraudulent deceit,
Shall betray them for thirty pounds weight of Gold.
ANNOT.
All those Towns are in _France_, the sense is plain.
XLIII.
French.
Seont ouis au Ciel les Armes battre,
Celuy an mesme les Divins ennemis,
Voudront Loix Saintes injustement debatre,
Par Foudre & guerre bien croians a mort mis.
English.
There shall be heard in the Air noise of Weapons,
And in that same year the Divines shall be enemies,
They shall unjustly put down the Holy Laws,
And by the Thunder and the War true believers shall die.
ANNOT.
There is no obscurity in this.
XLIV.
French.
Deux gros de _Mende_, de _Rhodez_, & _Millaud_,
_Cahors_, _Limoges_, _Castre_, malo sepmano,
De nuech l’intrado, de _Bourdeaux_ an cailhau,
Par _Perigort_ au toc de la Campano.
English.
Two great ones of _Mende_, of _Rhodez_ and _Milliaud_,
_Cahors_, _Limoges_, _Castres_ an evil week,
By night the entry shall be from _Bourdeaux_ one cailhau,
Through _Perigort_ at the ringing of the Bell.
ANNOT.
This Stanza is half _French_ and half _Provencal_ language.
All the Cities named here, _Mende_, _Rhodez_, _Milliaud_, _Cahors_,
_Limoges_, _Castres_, _Bourdeaux_, _Perigort_, are Cities of _France_,
bordering upon _Provence_, which is the Countrey wherein our Author was
born.
The meaning of it is, that all those Cities shall rise against the
Collectors of the Kings Taxes, and shall set upon them by the sound of
the Bell, which is already come to pass, and may come to pass yet.
XLV.
French.
Par conflict, Roy Regne abandonera,
Le plus grand Chef faillira au besoing,
Morts, profligez peu en rechapera,
Tous destrenchez un en sera tesmoin.
English.
By a Battle the King shall forsake his Kingdom,
The greatest Commander, shall fail in time of need,
They shall be killed and routed, few shall escape,
They shall be cut off, one only shall be left for a witness.
ANNOT.
This is a Prognostication of a great Battle, by the loss of which a King
shall forsake his Kingdom, his chief Commander having deserted him in
time of need. The slaughter shall be so great, that none shall be left
but one for a witness.
XLVI.
French.