When Moses saw that God lent no ear to his prayers, he sought to invoke
God's mercy through the pleadings of others. "To everything there is a
season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven." So long as the
course of Moses' days had not yet been run, everything was in his
power, but when his time was over, he sought for some one to appeal to
God's mercy for him. He now betook himself to Earth and said: "O Earth,
I pray thee, implore God's mercy for me. Perhaps for thy sake will He
take pity upon me and let me enter into the land of Israel." Earth,
however, replied: "I am 'without form and void,' and then too I shall
son 'wax old like a garment.' How then should I venture to appear
before the King of kings? Nay, thy fate is like mine, for 'dust thou
art, and unto dust shalt thou return.'"
Moses hastened to Sun and Moon, and implored them to intercede for him
with God, but they replied: "Before we pray to God for thee, we must
pray for ourselves, for 'the moon shall be confounded, and the sun
ashamed.'"
Moses then took his request to the Stars and the Planets, but these,
too, replied: "Before we venture to plead for thee, we must plead for
ourselves, for 'all the host of heaven shall be dissolved.'"
Moses then went to the Hills and the Mountains, beseeching them, "Pray
appeal to God's mercy for me," and they, too, replied: "We too have to
implore God's mercy for ourselves, for He said, 'The mountains shall
depart, and the hills be removed.'"
He then laid his plea before Mount Sinai, but the latter said: "Didst
thou not see with thine eyes and record in the Torah that, 'Mount Sinai
was altogether in smoke, because the Lord descended upon it in a fire?'
How then shall I approach the Lord?"
He then went to the Rivers, and sought their intercession before the
Lord, but they replied: "'The Lord made a way in the sea, and a path in
the mighty waters.' We cannot save ourselves out of His hand, and how
then should we aid thee?"
Then he went to the Deserts, and to all the Elements of Nature, but in
vain sought to secure their aid. Their answer was : "All go unto one
place; all are of the dust, and turn to dust again."
The Great Sea was the last to which he brought his request, but it
replied: "Son of Amram, what ails thee today? Art not thou the son of
Amram that erstwhile came to me with a staff, beat me, and clove me
into twelve parts, while I was powerless against thee, because the
Shekinah accompanied thee at thy right hand? What has happened, then,
that thou comest before me now pleading?" Upon being reminded of the
miracles that he had accomplished in his youth, Moses burst into tears
and said, "Oh, that I were as in months past, as in the days when God
preserved me!" And turning to the sea, he made answer: "In those days,
when I stood beside thee, I was king of the world, and I commanded, but
not I am a suppliant, whose prayers are unanswered." [895]
When Moses perceived the Heaven and Earth, Sun and Moon, Stars and
Planets, Mountains and Rivers turned a deaf ear to his prayers, he
tried to implore mankind to intercede for him before God. He went first
to his disciple Joshua, saying: "O my son, be mindful of the love with
which I treated thee by day and by night, teaching thee mishnah and
halakah, and all arts and sciences, and implore now for my sake God's
mercy, for perhaps through thee He may take pity upon me, and permit me
to enter the land of Israel." Joshua began to weep bitterly, and beat
his palms in sorrow, but when he wanted to begin to pray, Samael
appeared and stopped his mouth, saying, "Why dost thou seek to oppose
the command of God, who is 'the Rock, whose work is perfect, and all
whose ways are judgement?'" Joshua then went to Moses and said,
"Master, Samael will not let me pray." At these words Moses burst into
loud sobs, and Joshua, too, wept bitterly.
Moses then went to his brother's son, Eleazar, to whom he said: "O my
son, be mindful of the days when God was angry with thy father on
account of the making of the Golden Calf, and I save him through my
prayer. Pray now thou to God for me, and perhaps God will take pity
upon me, and let me enter into the land of Israel." But when Eleazar,
in accordance with Moses' wish, began to pray, Samael appeared and
stopped his mouth, saying to him, "How canst thou think of disregarding
God's command?" Then Eleazar reported to Moses that he could not pray
for him.
He now tried to invoke Caleb's aid, but him, too, Samael prevented from
praying to God. Moses then went to the seventy elders and the other
leaders of the people, he even implored every single man among Israel
to pray for him, saying: "Remember the wrath which the Lord nursed
against your fathers, but I brought it to pass that God relinquished
His plan to destroy Israel, and forgave Israel their sins. Now, I pray
ye, betake yourselves to the sanctuary of God and exhort His pity for
me, that He may permit me to enter into the land of Israel, for 'God
never rejects the prayer of the multitude.'"
When the people and their leaders heard these words of Moses, they
broke out into mournful weeping, and in the Tabernacle with bitter
tears they entreated God to answer Moses' prayer, so that their cries
rose even to the Throne of Glory. But then one hundred and eighty four
myriads of angels under the leadership of the great angels Zakun and
Lahash descended and snatched away the words of the suppliants, that
they might not reach God. The angel Lahash indeed tried to restore to
their place the words which the other angels had snatched away, so that
they might reach God, but when Samael learned of this, he fettered
Lahash with chains of fire and brought him before God, where he
received sixty blows of fire and was expelled from the inner chamber of
God because, contrary to God's wish, he had attempted to aid Moses in
the fulfillment of his desire. When Israel now saw how the angels dealt
with their prayers, they went to Moses and said, "The angels will not
let us pray for thee." [896]
When Moses saw that neither the world nor mankind could aid him, he
betook himself to the Angel of the Face, to whom he said, "Pray for me,
that God may take pity upon me, and that I may not die." But the angel
replied: "Why, Moses, dost thou exert thyself in vain? Standing behind
the curtain that is drawn before the Lord, I heard that thy prayer in
this instance is not to be answered." Moses now laid his hand upon his
head and wept bitterly, saying, "To whom shall I now go, that he might
implore God's mercy for me?"
God was now very angry with Moses because he would not resign himself
to the doom that had been sealed, but His wrath vanished as soon as
Moses spoke the words: "The Lord, the Lord, a God full of compassion
and gracious, slow to anger, and plenteous in mercy and truth; keeping
mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin." God
now said kindly to Moses: "I have registered two vows, one that thou
are to die, and the second that Israel is to perish. I cannot cancel
both vows, if therefore thou choosest to live, Israel must be ruined."
"Lord of the world!" replied Moses, "Thou approachest me artfully; Thou
seizest the rope at both ends, so that I myself must now say, 'Rather
shall Moses and a thousand of his kind perish, than a single soul out
of Israel!' But will not all men exclaim, 'Alas! The feet that trod the
heavens, the face that beheld the Face of the Shekinah, and the hands
that received the Torah, shall not be covered with dust!'" God replied:
"Nay, the people will say: ' If a man like Moses, who ascended into
heaven, who was peer of the angels, with whom God spoke face to face,
and to whom He gave the Torah - if such a man cannot justify himself
before God, how much less can an ordinary mortal of flesh and blood,
who appears before God without having done good deeds or studied the
Torah, justify himself?' I want to know," He added, "why thou are so
much aggrieved at thy impending death." Moses: "I am afraid of the
sword of the Angel of Death." God: "If this is the reason then speak no
more in this matter, for I will not deliver thee into his hand." Moses,
however, would not yield, but furthermore said, "Shall my mother
Jochebed, to whom my life brought so much grief, suffer sorrow after my
death also?" God: "So was it in My mind even before I created the
world, and so is the course of the world; every generation has its
learned men, every generation has its leaders, every generation has its
guides. Up to now it was thy duty to guide the people, but not the time
it ripe for thy disciple Joshua to relieve thee of the office destined
for him." [897]