Series I. Coniocarpineae. The paraphyses branch and form a network
(capillitium) over the asci, the capillitium and ejected spores forming
a long persistent powdery mass (mazaedium).
Caliciaceae, Cypheliaceae, Sphaerophoraceae.
Series II. Graphidineae. Apothecia seldom round, usually
elongated-ellipsoidal, no capillitium. Arthoniaceae, Graphidiaceae,
Roccellaceae.
Series III. Cyclocarpineae, Apothecium usually circular, no capillitium.
A. Spores usually two-celled, either with a strongly thickened
cross-wall often perforated by a narrow canal or with cross-wall only
slightly thickened. In the first case the spores are usually
colourless, the second case always brown. Buelliaceae, Physciaceae.
B. Spores unicellular, parallel-multicellular or muriform, usually
colourless, cross-walls usually thin.
[alpha] Thallus in moist state more or less gelatinous. Gonidia
always belonging to the Cyanophyceae, Lichinaceae, Ephebaceae,
Collemaceae, Pyrenopsidaceae.
ß Thallus not gelatinous. Coenogoniaceae, Lecideaceae, Cladoniaceae,
Lecanoraceae, Pertusariaceae, Peltigeraceae, Stictaceae,
Pannariaceae, Gyrophoraceae, Parmeliaceae, Cladoniaceae, Usneaceae.