Fig. 138. Wood of Elm._Wood and Forest

_a_ red elm; _b_, white elm; _c_, winged elm.]

[Illustration: Fig. 139. Walnut. _p.r._, pith rays; _c.l._, concentric

lines; _v_, vessels or pores; _su. w._, summer wood; _sp. w._, spring

wood.]

[Illustration: Fig. 140. Wood of Cherry.]

INDEX.

_Abies grandis_, 96.

_Acer dasycarpum_, 172.

_Acer macrophyllum_, 170.

_Acer rubrum_, 174.

_Acer saccharinum_, 172.

_Acer saccharum_, 176.

_Agaricus melleus_, 236.

_Agarics_, 234, 236.

Alburnum, 17.

Ambrosia beetles, 242.

Angiosperms, 9.

Animal enemies, 239.

Arborvitae, Giant, 104.

Ash, 182-191, 296.

Ash, Black, 182, 298.

Ash, Blue, 186.

Ash, Hoop, 182.

Ash, Oregon, 184.

Ash, Red, 188, 298.

Ash, White, 25, 190, 298.

Bamboo, 10, 11.

Bark, 10, 13, 14.

Bark borers, 243.

Basswood, 14, 178, 301.

Bast, 13, 15, 16, 20.

Beech, 134, 300.

Beech, Blue, 124, 300.

Beech, Water, 124.

Beech, Water, 162.

Bees, carpenter, 246.

Beetles, 241-246.

_Betula lenta_, 130.

_Betula lutea_, 132.

_Betula nigra_, 128.

_Betula papyrifera_, 126.

Big Tree, 98, 208, 209, 220.

Birch, Black, 130.

Birch, Canoe, 126.

Birch, Cherry, 130.

Birch, Gray, 132.

Birch, Mahogany, 130.

Birch, Paper, 126.

Birch, Red, 128.

Birch, River, 128.

Birch, Sweet, 130.

Birch, White, 126.

Birch, Yellow, 132.

Bird's eye maple, 36.

Bluing, 234.

Bole, 211, 218.

Borers, 243-246.

Bowing, 47.

Branches, 37, 218, 226, 286.

Brittleness, 53.

Broad-leaved trees.

See Trees, Broad-leaved.

Browsing, 240.

Buckeye, 301.

Bud, 14, 16, 36.

Buds, Adventitious, 36, 37.

Bullnut, 118.

_Buprestid_, 243.

Burl, 35.

Butternut, 144, 300.

Button Ball, 162.

Buttonwood, 162.

Calico poplar, 246.

Cambium, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 22, 237.

Canopy, 204, 211, 212.

Carpenter worms, 245.

Carpenter bees, 246.

_Carpinus caroliniana_, 124.

Catalpa, 296.

_Castanea dentata_, 136.

Case-hardening, 48.

_Carya tomentosa_, 118.

_Carya porcina_, 122.

_Carya alba_, 120.

Cedar, Canoe, 104.

Cedar Incense, 295.

Cedar, Oregon, 108.

Cedar, Port Orford, 108.

Cedar, Red, 110, 223, 295.

Cedar, Western Red, 104, 206, 207.

Cedar, White, 106, 295.

Cedar, White, 108.

Cells, Wood, 15, 19, 20, 21, 24, 26, 41, 42.

Cells, Fibrous, 28.

Cellulose, 15.

_Cerambycid_, 243.

_Chamaecyparis lawsoniana_, 108.

_Chamaecyparis thyordes_, 106.

Checks, 43, 47, 232.

Cherry, Wild Black, 164, 300.

Chestnut, 136, 298.

Cleaning, 218, 286.

Cleavability of wood, 41, 53.

Coffee Tree, 297.

Color of wood, 18.

Cold, 214, 216.

_Coleoptera_, 241.

Colors of woods, 17, 18, 290.

Columbian timber beetle, 245.

Comb-grain, 54.

Composition of forest, 197-210, 223.

Compression, 51, 52.

Conch, 235.

Cones, Annual, 19.

Conifers, 9, 10, 12, 24-26, 29, 30, 48, 58-111, 205, 220, 237, 251.

Conservation of forests, 262.

Coppice, 220, 278, 279.

Cork, 13, 19.

Cortex, 13, 15.

_Corthylus columbianus_, 245.

Cottonwood, 301.

Cover, 211.

Crop, The Forest, 274.

Crown, 211, 227.

Cucumber Tree, 156, 301.

_Curculionid_, 243.

Cypress, Bald, 102, 215, 295.

Cypress, Lawson, 108.

Decay, 235.

Deciduous trees, 10.

Dicotoledons, 9, 10.

Differentiation of cells, 16.

Diffuse-porous. See wood, diffuse-porous.

Distribution of species, 218.

Distribution of forests, 197-210.

Drouth, 213, 231.

Dry-rot, 234, 238.

Duff, 224, 251.

Duramen, 17.

Elasticity of wood, 41, 53.

Elm, 152-155, 298.

Elm, American, 154.

Elm, Cedar, 303.

Elm, Cliff, 152.

Elm, Cork, 152.

Elm, Hickory, 152.

Elm, Red, 302.

Elm, Rock, 152, 303.

Elm, Slippery, 14.

Elm, Water, 154.

Elm, White, 152.

Elm, White, 154, 302.

Elm, Winged, 303.

Endogens, 10, 17.

See Monocotoledons.

Enemies of the Forest, 229-249.

Engraver beetles, 241.

Entomology, Bureau of, 247.

Epidermis, 13, 15.

Erosion, 273.

Evaporation, 42, 47.

Evergreens, 10.

Exotics, 227.

Exogens, 12, 16.

_Fagus americana_, 134.

_Fagus atropunicea_, 134.

_Fagus ferruginea_, 134.

_Fagus grandifolia_, 134.

Figure, 37.

Fir, 96, 294.

Fir, Douglas, 94.

Fir, Grand, 96.

Fir, Lowland, 96.

Fir, Red, 94, 206, 207.

Fir, Silver, 96.

Fir, White, 96.

Fire, 232, 251-258.

Fire lanes, 257.

Fire losses, 253.

Fire notice, 258.

Fire trenches, 256.

Fire Wardens, 257.

Fires, Causes of, 252.

Fires, Control of, 256-258.

Fires, Crown, 255.

Fires, Description of, 254-256.

Fires, Fear of, 261.

Fires, Opportunities for, 251.

Fires, Statistics of, 253.

Fires, Surface, 252.

Floor, Forest, 213, 224.

Forest, Abundance of, 260.

Forest, Appalachian, 204.

Forest, Atlantic, 197.

Forest, Broadleaf, 202.

Forest, Eastern, 197-204.

Forest, Enemies of, 229-249.

Forest, Exhaustion of, 241-270.

Forest, Esthetic use of, 277.

Forest, Fear of, 260.

Forest, Hardwood, 197.

Forest, High, 281.

Forest, Hostility toward, 260.

Forest, Mixed, 204, 213, 214.

Forest, Northern, 197, 216.

Forest, Pacific, 197, 204-208.

Forest, Productive, 274-277.

Forest, Protective, 271-274.

Forest, Puget Sound, 206.

Forest, Regular Seed, 281.

Forest, Rocky Mountain, 197, 204, 205.

Forest, Seed, 297-282.

Forest, Selection, 280-281.

Forest, Southern, 197.

Forest, Subarctic, 209.

Forest, Two-storied Seed, 282.

Forest, Use of, 271-287.

Forest, Utilization of, 271-277.

Forest, Virgin, 280.

Forest, Western, 197.

Forestry, 271-287.

Forests, Composition of North American, 197.

Forests, National, 228.

Forests and agriculture, 258, 277.

Forest conditions, 211-228, 278.

Forest conservation, 262.

Forest cover, 204, 211, 212, 224.

Forest crop, 274, 276.

Forest devastation, 261.

Forest fires, 251-258, 261.

Forest floor, 213, 224.

Forest improvement, 284-286.

Forest map, 198.

Forest organism, The, Chapter V., pp. 211-228.

Forest ownership, 262.

Forest planting, 282-284.

Forest preservation, 277-284.

Forest products, 276.

Forest Service, U. S., 262, 264, 275.

_Fraxinus americana_, 190.

_Fraxinus nigra_, 182.

_Fraxinus oregona_, 184.

_Fraxinus pennsylvanica_, 188.

_Fraxinus quadrangulata_, 186.

Frost, 232.

Frost-check, 232.

Fungi, 20, 233-239.

Ginko, 12.

Gluing, 54.

Goats, 240.

Grain of wood, 19, 30, 31, 32-37, 53.

Grain, Bird's eye.

Grain, coarse, 32.

Grain, cross, 33, 53.

Grain, curly, 35.

Grain, fine, 32.

Grain, spiral, 33.

Grain, straight, 33, 53.

Grain, twisted, 33.

Grain, wavy, 34.

Grazing, 239.

Group system, 279.

Grubs, 243, 244.

Gum, Black, 180.

Gum, Sour, 180, 301.

Gum, Sweet, 160, 301.

Gymnosperms, 9.

Hackberry, 297.

Hackmatack, 76.

Hardness of wood, 41, 54.

Hardwoods, 12.

Heart-wood, 13, 17, 18, 19, 290.

Hemlock, 90, 295.

Hemlock, Black, 92.

Hemlock, Western, 92, 206.

_Hicoria alba_, 118.

_Hicoria glabra_, 122.

_Hicoria ovata_, 120.

Hickory, 118-123, 298.

Hickory, Big-bud, 118.

Hickory, Black, 118.

Hickory, Shagbark, 120.

Hickory, Shellbark, 120.

Hickory, White-heart, 118.

High Forest, 281.

Holly, 301.

Honeycombing, 48.

Hornbeam, 124.

Horn-tails, 246.

Hygroscopicity of wood, 41.

_Hymenomycetes_, 234.

Ice, 232.

Ichneumon fly, 247.

Identification of woods, 289-303.

Improvement of forests, 284-286.

Inflammability of bark, 14, 251.

Insects, 240-248.

Insects, parasitic, 247.

Insects, predaceous, 247.

Intolerance, 216, 219, 221.

Iron-wood, 124.

_Juglans cinerea_, 114.

_Juglans nigra_, 116.

_Juniperus virginiana_, 110.

Key for the distinction of woods, 292-303.

King-nut, 118.

Knot, 35, 37, 38.

Larch, 76.

Larch, Western, 78.

_Larix americana_, 76.

_Larix laricina_, 76.

_Larix occidentales_, 78.

Leaves, 14, 216.

Lenticels, 14.

_Lepidoptera_, 241.

Light, 216-218.

Lightning, 231, 251.

Lignin, 16.

Linden, 178.

_Liquidambar styraciflua_, 160.

_Liriodendron tulipifera_, 158.

Localized Selection system, 281.

Locust, 166.

Locust, Black, 166, 296.

Locust, Honey, 166, 297.

Locust, Yellow, 166.

Long-bodied trunk, 225.

Lumber consumption, 264.

Lumber, 9, 10.

Lumber prices, 267, 268.

Lumber production, 265-267.

Lumber, substitutes for, 264.

Lumbering, conservative, 274, 276.

Lumbering, destructive, 251, 258-263.

Lumberman, 260.

_Magnolia acuminata_, 156.

Magnolia, Mountain, 156.

Mahogany, 168.

Maple, 170-177, 301.

Maple, Hard, 25, 176.

Maple, Large Leaved, 170.

Maple, Oregon, 170, 207.

Maple, Red, 174, 302.

Maple, Rock, 25, 176.

Maple, Silver, 172, 302.

Maple, Soft, 172.

Maple, Sugar, 176.

Maple, White, 170.

Maple, White, 172.

Medullary rays. See Rays.

Medullary Sheath. See Sheath.

_Merulius lachrymans_, 234, 238.

Meteorological enemies, 229-233.

Mice, 237.

Microscope, 14, 24-31, 290.

Mine, Forest treated as, 261, 274.

Mockernut, 118.

Moisture, 213.

Moisture in wood, 41, 52.

Monocotoledons, 9, 10, 17.

See also Section, transverse.

Section, radial, 19, 22, 26, 30, 31.

Section, tangential, 19, 22, 26, 30, 31.

Section, transverse, 19, 24, 29, 30.

Seasoning, 42.

Sections, transverse, radial and tangential, 12.

Seed forests, 279-282.

Seeding from the side, 279.

Seedlings, 225, 226.

Seeds, 220-223, 226.

Sequoia, 98.

Sequoia, 100.

Sequoia, Giant, 98.

_Sequoia gigantea_, 98.

_Sequoia sempervirens_, 100.

_Sequoia washingtoniana_, 98.

Settler, 258.

Shake, 47, 232, 233.

Shearing strength, 52.

Sheep, 240.

Shelf fungus, 234, 236.

Short-bodied trunk, 225, 226.

Shrinkage of wood, 41, 42-47.

Silver flakes, 22.

See Rays, Medullary.

Silvical characteristics, 211.

Silvicultural systems, 278-284.

Slash, 229, 251, 257.

Slash-grain, 54.

Snow, 232.

Slash-sawing, 45, 47.

Softwoods, 12.

Soil, 211, 213.

Specific gravity. See Weight.

Splint-wood, 17.

Splitting. See Cleavability.

Spores, 234.

Spring-wood, 20, 21, 24, 30, 32, 44, 53, 54, 291.

Sprouts, 220, 222.

Spruce, 80-89, 295.

Spruce, Black, 84.

Spruce, Douglas, 94, 296.

Spruce, Engelmann's, 86.

Spruce, Red, 82, 213.

Spruce, Sitka, 88.

Spruce, Tideland, 88.

Spruce, Western White, 86.

Spruce, White, 80.

Stand, mixed, 213, 223.

Stand, pure, 213, 223.

Standards, 225, 226.

Steamboats, 246.

Stem, diagram of cross section, Fig. 4, p. 13, fig. 5, p. 15, 211.

Strength of wood, 41, 51-53.

Strip system, 279.

Structure of wood, 9-40, 29, 30, 32.

Struggle for existence, 224, 226, 227.

Summer-wood, 20, 21, 24, 30, 32, 44, 53, 54, 291.

_Swietenia mahagoni_, 168.

Sycamore, 22, 162, 300.

Tamarack, 76, 296.

Tamarack, Western, 78.

Taxes on forests, 261.

_Taxodium distichum_, 102.

Tear fungus, 234, 238.

Temperature, 214.

Tension, 51, 52.

Texture of wood, 32.

_Thuja gigantea_, 104.

_Thuja plicata_, 104.

_Tilia americana_, 178.

Timber beetles, 242, 245.

Timber supply of U. S., 264-269.

Timber trees, 10.

Timber worms, 244.

Tissue, 16.

Toadstools, 234.

Tolerance, 216, 219.

Toughness of wood, 41, 54.

Tracheae, 23, 28.

Tracheid, 28, 30, 290, 292.

_Trametes pini_, 235.

_Trametes radiciperda_, 237.

Tree, parts of, 211.

Treeless area, 197, 203.

Trees, Broad-leaved, 9, 10, 28, 29.

Trees, deciduous, 10.

Trunk, 13, 211.

Long-bodied, 225.

Short-bodied, 225.

_Tsuga canadensis_, 90.

_Tsuga heterophylla_, 92.

Tulip Tree, 158.

See Poplar Yellow

Tupelo, 180.

Turpentine, 263.

Two-storied Seed Forest, 282.

_Ulmus americana_, 154.

_Ulmus racemosa_, 152.

_Ulmus thomasi_, 152.

Utilization of forests, 271-277.

Vegetable enemies, 233-239.

Veneer, 10, 35.

Vessels, 23, 28, 29.

Veterans, 225.

Walnut, Black, 116, 300.

Walnut, White, 114.

Warping, 45-47.

Waste, Avoidance of, 274.

Waste in lumbering, 263.

Water, 41, 42, 226, 231.

Weeds, Forest, 225.

Weight of wood, 41, 49-51.

Whitewood, 158.

Wilderness, Conquest of, 258.

Willow, Black, 112.

Wind, 229, 252, 253.

Windfalls, 229.

Wood, Diffuse-porous, 23, 30, 300-303.

Wood, Non-porous, 24-26, 58-111, 294-296.

Wood, Primary, 17.

Wood, Properties of, Chap. II., 41-56.

Wood, Ring-porous, 23, 29, 296-299.

Wood, Spring, 20, 21, 24, 30, 32, 44, 53, 54, 291.

Wood, Structure of, 9-40.

Wood, secondary, 17.

Wood, summer, 20, 21, 24, 30, 32, 44, 53, 54, 291.

Wood borers, 243.

Wood cells. See Cells.

Wood. See Sap-wood, Heart wood.

Wood dyes, 18.

Wood fiber, 28.

Woods, Color of, 17, 18, 290.

Woods, The distinguishing of, 289-303.

Working, 47.

Worm-holes, 243.

Worms, carpenter, 245.

Worms, Timber, 244.

Wound parasites, 234.

Yew, 295.

Yield, 275.

Yucca, 10.

Books on the Manual Arts

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION IN WOOD. By William Noyes.

A book full of charm and distinction and the first to give

due consideration to the esthetic side of wood-working. It

is intended to give to beginners practice in designing simple

projects in wood and an opportunity to acquire skill in

handling tools. The book illustrates a series of projects and

gives suggestions for other similar projects together with

information regarding tools and processes for making. A

pleasing volume abundantly and beautifully illustrated.

HANDWORK IN WOOD. By William Noyes.

A handbook for teachers and a textbook for normal school and

college students. A comprehensive and scholarly treatise,

covering logging, saw-milling, seasoning and measuring, hand

tools, wood fastenings, equipment and care of the shop,

the common joints, types of wood structures, principles of

joinery, and wood finishing. 304 illustrations--excellent pen

drawings and many photographs.

WOOD AND FOREST. By William Noyes.

A companion volume to "Handwork in Wood," by the same author.

Especially adapted as a reference book for teachers of

woodworking. Not too difficult for use as a textbook

for normal school and college students. Treats of wood,

distribution of American forests, life of the forest, enemies

of the forest, destruction, conservation and uses of the

forest, with a key to the common woods by Filibert Roth.

Describes 67 principal species of wood with maps of

the habitat, leaf drawings, life size photographs and

microphotographs of sections. Contains a general bibliography

of books and articles on wood and forest. Profusely

illustrated with photographs from the United States forest

service and with pen and ink drawings by Anna Gausmann Noyes

and photographs by the author. 309 pages.

WOODWORK FOR BEGINNERS. By Ira S. Griffith.

A remarkably simple treatment of elementary woodworking for

students in the seventh and eighth grades. It deals with

tools, processes and materials and includes only such subject

matter as should be taught to grammar grade students. It meets

the requirements of students working in large classes and

devoting the minimum of time to manual training. A practical

and unusually attractive textbook and one that can be used

with any course of models and in any order.

BEGINNING WOODWORK, At Home and in School.

By Clinton S. VanDeusen.

A full and clear description in detail of the fundamental

processes of elementary benchwork in wood. This description

is given thru directions for making a few simple, useful

articles, suitable either for school or home problems. The

book contains more than one hundred original sketches and ten

working drawings.

PROBLEMS IN FARM WOODWORK. By Samuel A. Blackburn.

A book of working drawings of 100 practical problems relating

to agriculture and farm life. Especially valuable to the

student or teacher of agriculture or manual arts in rural

schools and in high schools in agricultural communities,

and to the boy on the farm. There are 60 full-page plates of

working drawings, each accompanied by a page or more of text

treating of "Purpose," "Material," "Bill of Stock," "Tools,"

"Directions," and "Assembly." A wonderfully practical book.

PROBLEMS IN FURNITURE MAKING. By Fred D. Crawshaw.

This book, revised and enlarged, consists of 43 plates of

working drawings suitable for use in grammar and high

schools, and 36 pages of text, including chapters on design,

construction and finishes, and notes on the problems.

FURNITURE DESIGN FOR SCHOOLS AND SHOPS.

By Fred D. Crawshaw.

A manual on furniture design. A book that will stimulate and

encourage designing and initiation on the part of the student.

It contains a collection of plates showing perspective

drawings of typical designs, representing particular types of

furniture. Each perspective is accompanied by suggestions for

rearrangement and the modeling of parts. The text discusses

and illustrates principles of design as applied to furniture.

A practical and helpful book that should be in the hands of

every teacher of cabinet making and designing.

PROBLEMS IN WOODWORKING. By M. W. Murray.

A convenient collection of good problems consisting of forty

plates of working drawings, of problems in benchwork that have

been successfully worked out by boys in grades seven to nine

inclusive.

SHOP PROBLEMS. (On Tracing Paper). By Albert F. Siepert.

A collection of working drawings of a large variety of

projects printed on tracing paper and ready for blue printing.

The projects have all been worked out in manual arts classes

and have proved their value from the standpoint of design,

construction, use, human interest, etc. They are of convenient

size, 6x9-inch, and are enclosed in a portfolio. To the

teacher, in search of additional projects to supplement and

enrich his course these tracings are worth far more than the

price asked. Published in series. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and

WORKSHOP NOTE-BOOK--WOODWORKING.

By George G. Greene.

A small-size textbook and notebook combined. It furnishes a

few general and extremely important directions about tools and

processes; and provides space for additional notes and working

drawings of exercises and articles which the pupil is to

construct. It is essentially a collection of helps, ideas,

hints, suggestions, questions, facts, illustrations, etc.,

which have been prepared by a practical teacher to meet a real

need in his own shop. The notebook is full of suggestions;

shows a keen insight into subject matter and teaching methods

and is an effective teaching tool.

PROBLEMS IN WOOD-TURNING. By Fred D. Crawshaw.

In the first place this is a book of problems--25 plates

covering spindle, face-plate, and chuck turning. In the second

place it is a textbook on the science and art of wood-turning

illustrated by fifty pen sketches. It gives the mathematical

basis for the cuts used in turning. In the third place it is

a helpful discussion of the principles of design as applied

to objects turned in wood. It is a clear, practical and

suggestive book on wood-turning.

WOOD PATTERN-MAKING. By Horace T. Purfield.

This book was written expressly for use as a textbook for

high school, trade school, technical school, and engineering

college students. It is a revised, enlarged, and newly

illustrated edition.

CORRELATED COURSES IN WOODWORK AND MECHANICAL

DRAWING. By Ira S. Griffith.

This book is designed to meet the every-day need of the

teacher of woodworking and mechanical drawing for reliable

information concerning organization of courses, subject

matter and methods of teaching. It covers classification and

arrangement of tool operations for grades, 7, 8, 9, and 10,

shop organization, allotment of time design, shop excursions,

stock bills, cost of material, records, shop conduct, the

lesson, maintenance, equipment, and lesson outlines for

grammar and high schools. It is based on sound pedagogy, thoro

technical knowledge and successful teaching experience. It is

practical.

ESSENTIALS OF WOODWORKING. By Ira S. Griffith.

A textbook written especially for the use of grammar and

high school students. A clear and comprehensive treatment of

woodworking tools, materials, and processes, to supplement,

but not to take the place of the instruction given by the

teacher. The book does not contain a course of models; it may

be used with any course. It is illustrated with photographs

and numerous pen drawings.

PROJECTS FOR BEGINNING WOODWORK AND MECHANICAL

DRAWING. By Ira S. Griffith.

A work book for the use of students in grammar grade classes.

It consists of working drawings and working directions. The

projects are such as have proven of exceptional service where

woodworking and mechanical drawing are taught in a thoro,

systematic manner in the seventh and eighth grades. The aim

has been to provide successful rather than unique problems.

The 50 projects in the book were selected and organized with

the constant aim of securing the highest educational results.

The book is especially suited for use in connection with

"Essentials of Woodworking," by the same author.

FURNITURE MAKING. (Advanced Projects in Woodwork.)

By Ira S. Griffith.

This book is similar to "Projects for Beginning Woodwork and

Mechanical Drawing," but is suited to high school needs. It

consists of fifty plates of problems and accompanying notes.

It is essentially a collection of problems in furniture making

selected or designed with reference to school use. On the

plate with each working drawing is a good perspective sketch

of the completed object. In draftsmanship and refinement of

design these problems are of superior quality. It is in every

respect an excellent collection.

PROBLEMS IN MECHANICAL DRAWING. By Charles A. Bennett.

This book consists of 80 plates and a few explanatory notes.

Its purpose is to furnish teachers of classes beginning

mechanical drawing with a large number of simple, practical

problems. These have been selected with reference to the

formation of good habits in technique, the interest of the

pupils, and the subjects generally included in a grammar and

first-year high school course. Each problem given is unsolved

and therefore in proper form to hand to the pupil for

solution.

MECHANICAL DRAWING PROBLEMS.

By Edward Berg and Emil F. Kronquist.

A direct and concise text adapted for high school students

beginning mechanical drawing. It covers two year's work

and contains 128 full-page plates--excellent examples of

draftsmanship. Text accompanies each plate, giving necessary

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applications, which are abundant, have been most skilfully

chosen and admirably presented. The plates tell what to do,

almost at a glance, yet prevent mere copy work. Each problem

tests the ability of the student to think and execute

graphically and unconsciously develops an excellent technique.

MECHANICAL DRAFTING. By W. H. Miller.

(Revised edition). A textbook for advanced high school

students which presents drafting room practice in practical

textbook form. It is so written that it may be used with

any course of exercises or problems and supplements the

instruction of the teacher in such a way as to reduce lecture

work to a minimum. It is a direct and simple treatment of

mechanical drafting, giving due consideration to the needs of

the student, the beginning draftsman and the requirements of

the best teaching methods. It is complete, yet condensed and

is well adapted for handbook use by the student and draftsman.

It is well illustrated and is bound in flexible binding,

pocket size. A thoroughly practical, modern textbook.

GRAMMAR GRADE PROBLEMS IN MECHANICAL DRAWING.

By Charles A. Bennett.

A remarkably simple and carefully graded treatment of the

fundamentals of mechanical drawing for the use of students in

the 7th and 8th grades. It combines an abundance of text and

simple problems, accompanied by notes and directions. Its use

insures the early formation of correct habits of technique and

makes possible the development of a standard in grammar grade

mechanical drawing parallel with woodworking. Abundantly and

well illustrated.

MECHANICAL DRAWING FOR BEGINNERS.

By Charles H. Bailey.

A textbook suitable wherever this subject is taught to

beginners, in Junior High Schools, High and Continuation

Schools. It successfully combines instructions which are

minute and complete, with problems, gradually leading the

student to learn with little or no other help, the essentials

and technique of the work. The matter is condensed but leaves

no important points not covered.

PROGRESSIVE STEPS IN ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING.

By George W. Seaman.

A textbook and practical handbook, describing and illustrating

every successive step in drawing of floor plans, elevations

and various details for successful dwellings. Numerous plates

illustrate details of doors, windows, mouldings, cornices,

porches, etc. Architectural orders shown in practical working

forms. "Single line sketches" illustrate method of practical

designer in planning a house.

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING PLATES. By Franklin G. Elwood.

A collection of 15 plates showing the various details included

in the plans for frame houses. Names and typical sizes

are given and much information helpful to the student or

draftsman. One plate shows eleven "Plan Studies," another

"How Elevations are Worked Up from Plans and Sections." A

wonderfully convenient help in architectural drawing.

SIMPLIFIED MECHANICAL PERSPECTIVE. By Frank Forrest Frederick.

A book of simple problems covering the essentials of

mechanical perspective. It is planned for pupils of high

school age who have already received some elementary training

in mechanical drawing. It is simple, direct and practical.

WOODWORK FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS. By Ira S. Griffith.

The most complete and comprehensive textbook on secondary

school woodworking ever published. Treats of Common

Woods, Tools and Processes, Woodworking Machines, Joinery,

Wood-Turning, Inlaying and Wood Carving, Wood Finishing,

Furniture Construction, Pattern-Making. Although written for

the student, every teacher of high school or normal school

woodwork will find this text a valuable and necessary volume

for reference use. It contains 370 pages and 580 special

illustrations.

CARPENTRY. By Ira S. Griffith.

A well illustrated textbook for use in vocational schools,

trade schools, technical schools, and by apprentices to the

trade, presenting the principles of house construction in

a clear and fundamental way. It treats of the "everyday"

practical problems of the carpenter and house builder from

the "laying of foundations" to the completion of the "interior

finish." It meets every requirement as a textbook and is also

well adapted for reference use. It is well illustrated by

photographs taken "on the job."

BOY ACTIVITY PROJECTS. By Samuel A. Blackburn.

A book of full-page plates and accompanying text giving

complete directions for making 86 projects of interest to the

energetic American boy. The projects are for the school, the

home, the playground, the camp, the out-of-doors, and include

a complete wireless telegraph apparatus. The plates give every

required dimension, and show each project complete and in

detail. The text is in reality working directions telling just

"how to make," including bills of material, lists of tools

required, etc. A thoroly practical and suggestive book

for school use and rich in inspiration for the boy in his own

home shop.

SEAT WEAVING. By L. Day Perry.

A handbook for teacher or student. Tells how to cane chairs,

how to use cane webbing, how to do rush seating, how to

do reed and splint weaving, how to make seats of reeds and

splints, how to prepare raw materials, how to stain, finish

and refinish, etc. Also treats of the use of cane and other

seating materials as a decorative element in furniture

construction. Well illustrated, practical and authoritative.

FURNITURE UPHOLSTERY FOR SCHOOLS. By Emil A. Johnson.

The only text and reference book on upholstery written for

school use. Contains detailed, practical instructions

telling how to upholster a variety of articles, also how

to re-upholster old furniture and how to do spring-edge

upholstery work. Describes necessary tools and materials.

Abundantly and beautifully illustrated.

PRACTICAL TYPOGRAPHY. By George E. McClellan.

A remarkable textbook for students of printing. It contains a

course of exercises ready to place in the hands of pupils,

and explains and illustrates the most approved methods used

in correct composition. A valuable feature of the book lies in

the fact that in the early stages of the course the pupil sets

up in type a description of what he is doing with his hands.

It contains 63 exercises, treating of composition from

"Correct Spacing" to the "Making up of a Book," and the

"Composition of Tables."

ART METALWORK. By Arthur F. Payne.

A textbook written by an expert craftsman and experienced

teacher. It treats of the various materials and their

production, ores, alloys, commercial forms, etc.; of tools and

equipments suitable for the work, the inexpensive equipment

of the practical craftsman; and of the correlation of art

metalwork with design and other school subjects. It describes

in detail all the processes involved in making articles

ranging from a watch fob to a silver loving-cup. It gives new

methods of construction, new finishes, new problems. It is

abundantly and beautifully illustrated, showing work done by

students under ordinary school conditions in a manual training

shop. The standard book on the subject.

TEACHING THE MANUAL AND INDUSTRIAL ARTS.

By Ira S. Griffith.

A text for normal schools or colleges and a reference for

manual and vocational teachers. Presents the philosophy

of teaching manual and vocational education in terms of

psychology, social science, and economics. It gives the

conclusions of Thorndike, Judd, Bagley, Dewey and others,

and illustrates them so they serve the teacher as a basis for

evaluating the manual and industrial arts. A book of value

to the beginning teacher, the experienced supervisor or the

educational expert; an exceptional source of information on

the theory and practice of its subject.

THE MANUAL ARTS. By Charles A. Bennett.

A treatise on the selection and organization of subject matter

in the manual arts and on the methods of teaching. It states

what manual arts should be taught in the schools, their place

as concerns general and vocational education, principles

underlying the making of courses of instruction and methods

of teaching, and shows the place of the factory system in

industrial schools, etc. Heretofore no book has dealt with

the pedagogy of the manual arts in so definite and clear cut

a manner. The author has brought together, with ripened

judgment, the result of years of experience.

It is especially adapted for normal class and reading circle

use and should be read and studied by every teacher or

prospective teacher of the manual arts.

EDUCATIONAL TOYS. By Louis C. Petersen.

A comprehensive book on toy-making for the school or home.

Shows 57 toys including animals, wheeled toys, stationary

toys, moving toys, puzzles, etc., made chiefly from thin wood,

with the coping saw and easily constructed in the ordinary

school room or in the home. Tells how to make each toy, how

to finish and color, about the few simple tools and materials

required. Well illustrated with photographs and full-size

pattern drawings.

TOY PATTERNS. By Michael C. Dank.

A portfolio of toy patterns. Among them are Animals, Animal

Rocking Toys, Wheeled Platform Toys, String Toys, Lever Toys,

Freak Toys and Novelties. Each toy is shown complete and each

part is also shown full-size. They are designed to be made

with the coping saw out of thin wood. Twelve sheets, size

10-1/2" x 14", enclosed in a portfolio with an attractive

color design.

BIRD HOUSES BOYS CAN BUILD. By Albert F. Siepert.

A book of rare interest to boys. It is written in the boy

spirit and combines the charm of nature with the allurements

of continuation work in wood. It illustrates hundreds of bird

houses and shows working drawings of various designs, also

feeders, shelters, sparrow traps, and other bird accessories.

The common house nesting birds are pictured and described with

information regarding houses, foods, etc., suitable for each.

A pleasing and practical book for wide-awake boys.

MANUAL TRAINING TOYS. FOR THE BOYS' WORKSHOP.

By Harris W. Moore.

A popular boys' book that is truly educational. It is a

collection of forty-two projects overflowing with "boy"

interest and new in the manual training shop. Full-page

working drawings show each project in detail and the text

gives instructions for making, together with information on

tools and tool processes.

KITECRAFT AND KITE TOURNAMENTS. By Charles M. Miller.

An authoritative and comprehensive treatment of kitecraft. The

book deals with the construction and flying of all kinds of

kites, and the making and using of kite accessories. Also

aeroplanes, gliders, propellers, motors, etc. Four chapters

are devoted to presenting a detailed description of kite

flying tournaments. Abundantly illustrated and attractively

bound.

THE CONSTRUCTION AND FLYING OF KITES.

By Charles M. Miller.

This contains seven full-page plates of drawings of kites,

and fifteen figures--over forty kites shown. Details of

construction given; a kite tournament is described. Full of

interesting suggestions.

COPING SAW WORK. By Ben W. Johnson.

Contains working drawings and suggestions for teaching a

course of work in thin wood that is full of fun for the

children, and affords ample means for training in form study,

construction, invention and careful work. Has been called

"applied mechanics for the fourth grade."

SELECTED SHOP PROBLEMS. By George A. Seaton.

A collection of sixteen problems in woodworking made to meet

the needs of busy teachers of manual training. Each problem

has been put to the test and has proven satisfactory to the

teacher who designed it and to the pupil who made it.

MANUAL TRAINING MAGAZINE.

A magazine of "quality." The professional journal of the

teachers of manual, vocational and industrial education. It

publishes practical articles on the ways and means of "doing

things." It discusses vital problems in teaching the manual

arts and presents the best current thought on the development

of manual training and vocational education. To the

inexperienced teacher, it is valuable in solving numerous

problems, and to the experienced teacher, it is a means of

keeping abreast of the times. It is ably edited, attractively

printed, and well illustrated with photographs and drawings

made especially for its pages. Published monthly. $1.50 a

year; Canada, $1.80; Foreign, $2.00.

* * * * *

_Published by_

Manual Arts Press :: Peoria, Illinois

We can supply you with any book on the Manual Arts

* * * * *

Transcriber's Note:

Transcriber's Note: 'M', in the context of lumber measurement, means

'1000 feet'. From 'Handwork in Wood', Chapter III, page 48. Also

(ibid): "There are several methods of measuring lumber. The general

rule is to multiply the length in feet by the width and thickness in

inches and divide by 12, thus: 1" x 6" x 15' / 12 = 71/2 feet."

In the interests of clarity, some Illustrations have been moved closer

to their descriptive text.

Hyphenation and spelling are not uniform throughout this book, e.g.,

'sapwood' and 'sap-wood' both occur; '_Columbian Timber-beetle_' and

'Columbian timber beetle' occur in the same paragraph.

Chapter II has three types of footnotes, with different notations.

References to the author's previous book, being short, are placed at

the end of the paragraph; numbered technical or tabular footnotes, or

footnotes referencing other publications are collected at the end of

the Chapter, before the Chapter Bibliography; and Chapter Bibliography

footnotes are placed at the end of the Chapter Bibliography. In later

Chapters, numbered footnotes are placed either at the end of the

Chapter (before the Bibliography) or at the end of a relevant section

of a Chapter.

Chapter III lists 67 trees; The (following) Lists from the Jesup

Collection list 66 trees, including the 'tied place' trees. The tree

missing from the Jesup Collection is No. 18: Western Hemlock, or Black

Hemlock.

Damaged or missing punctuation has been repaired.

Page 18: 'sumac' and 'sumach'. Both spellings correct. Also 'sumak',

shoomak. From Arabic 'summ[=a]q'.

Page 19: 'charactistic' corrected to 'characteristic' ... "and give

the characteristic pleasing "grain" of wood."

Page 23: inconsistent spelling--_tracheae_, tracheae. The two

spellings occur in the book; also trachaeids, tracheids. All have been

retained. The author's bibliography is extensive.

Page 124 etc.: The Allegheny Mountain Range (also spelled Alleghany

and Allegany, ~Wikipedia).

Page 143: 'distinguised' corrected to 'distinguished' ... "Not

distinguished from white oak in the market."

Page 180: diameter, '1"-6", even 5';' corrected to 'diameter,

1'6"-3'6", even 5';' (Wikipedia)

Page 182: 'scambucifolia' corrected to 'sambucifolia' ... "_Fraxinus

nigra_ Marshall. _Fraxinus sambucifolia._"

Page 186: 'cleavabilty' corrected to 'cleavability' ... "refers to the

cleavability of the wood;"

Page 268: Fig. 118 text: Basswood, 1st and 2d, 1" x 8" and up by x 00".

and: White pine, rough uppers, 1" x 8" and up x 00'.

This is as printed; the transcriber has no idea what was meant by '00"'

and '00'', or what it should have been.

Page 292: 'miscroscopic' corrected to 'microscopic' ... "Of microscopic

features, the following only have been referred to:"

Page 304: 'Agaricus mellens' corrected to 'Agaricus melleus'.

The (archaic) U.S. American spellings, 'drouth' (='drought'), 'thoroly',

'tho', 'altho', 'tire' (='tyre'), etc., are correct.