1. Sophytes (Saubhūti). AR. Drachm. Wt. 58·3 grs.
Obv., helmeted head of king to right.
Rev., cock to right, above caduceus; in Greek, _Sophutou_.
2. Pantaleon. Æ. Wt. about 160 grs.
Obv., in incuse, lion to right.
In Greek, _Basileōs Pantaleontos_
“(Coin) of king Pantaleon.”[9]
Rev., Indian dancing girl. In Brāhmī, _Rajane Patalevasha_.
[9] In these bilingual coins, unless otherwise noted, the same
inscription is reproduced in both languages. Technically the reverse of
this coin is the obverse, as being the impression from the lower die.
3. Apollodotos. Æ. Wt. 235-255 grs.
Obv., Apollo clad in chlamys and boots standing to right,
holding an arrow. In Greek, _Basileōs sōtēros Apollodotou_;
monogram to left.
Rev., tripod, Kharoshṭhī letters in field. In Kharoshṭhī,
_Maharajasa tratarasa Apaladatasa_.
“(Coin) of the king, the saviour, Apollodotos.”
4. Menander. AR. Hemidrachm. Wt. 37·7 grs.
Obv., diademed bust of king to left, thrusting javelin with right
hand. In Greek, as No. 3, but _Menandrou_.
Rev., Pallas to left with ægis on outstretched arm, hurling
thunderbolt with right hand. Monogram to right. In Kharoshṭhī
as No. 3, but _Menadrasa_.
5. Hippostratos. AR. Didrachm. Wt. 143·2 grs.
Obv., diademed head of king to right. In Greek,
_Basileōs megalou sōtēros Hippostratou_
“(Coin) of the great king, the saviour H.”
Rev., king in full panoply on horse to right, monogram to right.
In Kharoshṭhī, _Maharajasa tratarasa mahatasa jayaṁtasa
Hipustratasa_
“(Coin) of the king, the great saviour, the conqueror
Hippostratos.”
6. Menander. Æ. Wt. 38 grs.
Obv., elephant’s head with bell round neck.
Rev., club of Herakles with two symbols. Legends as No. 4.
7. Philoxenos. AR. Hemidrachm. Wt. 27·3 grs.
Obv., helmeted bust of king to right. In Greek,
_Basileōs anīkētou Philoxenou_.
Rev., king on horseback; to right, Greek letter S, and monogram.
In Kharoshṭhī, _Maharajasa apaḍihatasa Philasinasa_
“(Coin) of the unconquered king Philoxenos.”
8. Antialkidas. AR. Hemidrachm. Wt. 37·9 grs.
Obv., bust of king to right wearing flat “kausia.” In Greek,
_Basileōs nīkēphorou Antialkidou_.
Rev., Zeus on throne bearing Nikē on outstretched right hand;
elephant, retiring to left, has snatched away her crown.
Monogram in field. In Kharoshṭhī, _Maharajasa jayadharasa
Aṁtialikitasa_.
“(Coin) of the victorious king, Antialkidas.”
9. Hermaios and Kalliope. AR. Hemidrachm.
Obv., conjugate busts of king and queen to right; in Greek,
_Basileōs sōtēros Hermaiou kai Kalliopēs_.
Rev., king on prancing horse to right. Monogram below. In
Kharoshṭhī, _Maharajasa tratarasa Heramayasa Kaliyapaya_.
10. Strato I with Strato II. AR. Hemidrachm. Wt. 37 grs.
Obv., diademed bust of aged king. In Greek, _Basileōs Sōtēros
Strātōnos uiou Strātōnos_. (Meaning doubtful.)
Rev., Pallas to left with ægis and thunderbolt. In Kharoshṭhī,
_Maharajasa tratarasa Stratasa potrasa chasa priyapita
Stratasa_,
“(Coin) of king Strato Sōtēr and of his grandson,
Strato Philopatēr.”
11. Nahapāna. AR. Hemidrachm. Wt. 29·2 grs.
Obv., head of satrap to right. Corrupt Greek legend.
Rev., thunderbolt and arrow. In Brāhmī, _Raño Chhaharatasa_;
in Kharoshṭhī, _Nahapanasa_,
“(Coin) of the Kshaharāta king Nahapāna.”
Though its territory lay partially in Southern India, it will be
convenient to include here the coinage of the great Andhra dynasty,
since several of its issues are closely connected with the currency of
the north. The Andhras probably became independent about the year 230
B.C., and their rule lasted for four and a half centuries. Their coins
of various types have been found in Mālwā, on the banks of the Krishna
and Godavari rivers, the original home of the race, as far south as
Madras, in north Konkan, and elsewhere in the Deccan and the Central
Provinces. The earliest to which a date can be assigned are those
bearing the name of a king Śrī Sāta, about 150 B.C. Most Andhra coins
are either of billon[10] or lead, with Brāhmī legends on both obverse
and reverse, and characteristic devices are the elephant, _chaitya_
(Buddhist chapel), and bow (Pl. I, 7). Sometimes the “Ujjain symbol”
appears on the reverse. One issue, in lead, of Vasishṭhīputra Śrī
Pulumāvi (about A.D. 130) is interesting, in that it has on the obverse
a ship with two masts, and was evidently intended for circulation on
the Coromandel coast. Coins have been assigned to seven Andhra kings,
the latest of which, Śrī Yajña Sātakarṇī (about A.D. 184), struck not
only the usual lead and billon coins, but restruck and imitated the
silver hemidrachms of the satrap Nahapāna (Pl. III, 1). The Andhra lead
coinage was copied by one or two feudatory chiefs in Mysore and North
Kanara.
[10] Billon, or potin, is a mixture of silver and copper in varying
proportions.
[Illustration: Fig. 2. Greek Script on Coin of Hippostratos. Cf. Pl.
II, 5.]