SIEGFRIED & THE TWILIGHT OF THE GODS
BY RICHARD WAGNER
WITH ILLUSTRATIONS
BY ARTHUR RACKHAM
TRANSLATED BY MARGARET ARMOUR
LONDON WILLIAM-HEINEMANN
NEW YORK DOUBLEDAY PACE & Co
1911
[Illustration: "Nothung! Nothung!
Conquering sword!"]
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
"Nothung! Nothung!
Conquering sword!"
Mime at the anvil
Mime and the infant Siegfried
"And there I learned
What love was like"
Siegfried sees himself in the stream
Mime finds the mother of Siegfried in the forest
"In dragon's form
Fafner now watches the hoard"
Mime and the Wanderer
The forging of Nothung
Siegfried kills Fafner
"The hot blood burns like fire!"
The dwarfs quarrelling over the body of Fafner
"Magical rapture
Pierces my heart;
Fixed is my gaze,
Burning with terror;
I reel, my heart faints and fails!
"Sun, I hail thee!
Hail, O light!
Hail, O glorious day!"
Brünnhilde throws herself into Siegfried's arms
The three Norns
The Norns vanish
Siegfried leaves Brünnhilde in search of adventure
Siegfried hands the drinking-horn back to Gutrune, and
gazes at her with sudden passion
Brünnhilde kisses the ring that Siegfried has left with
her
The ravens of Wotan
"The ring upon thy hand--
... ah, be implored!
For Wotan fling it away!"
The wooing of Grimhilde, the mother of Hagen
"Swear to me, Hagen, my son!"
"O wife betrayed,
I will avenge
Thy trust deceived"
"Though gaily ye may laugh,
In grief ye shall be left,
For, mocking maids; this ring
Ye ask shall never, be yours"
"Siegfried! Siegfried!
Our warning is true:
Flee, oh, flee from the curse!"
Siegfried's death
Brünnhilde on Grane leaps on to the funeral pyre of
Siegfried
The Rhine-Maidens obtain possession of the ring and
bear it off in triumph
[Illustration]
SIEGFRIED
CHARACTERS
SIEGFRIED
MIME
THE WANDERER
ALBERICH
FAFNER
ERDA
BRÜNNHILDE
SCENES OF ACTION
ACT I. A CAVE IN A WOOD
ACT II. DEPTHS OF THE WOOD
ACT III. WILD REGION AT THE FOOT OF A ROCKY MOUNTAIN;
AFTERWARDS: SUMMIT OF "BRÜNNHILDE'S ROCK"
[Illustration]
THE FIRST ACT
_A rocky cavern in a wood, in which stands a
naturally formed smith's forge, with big bellows.
Mime sits in front of the anvil, busily hammering
at a sword._
MIME
[_Who has been hammering with a small hammer, stops
working._
Slavery! worry!
Labour all lost!
The strongest sword
That ever I forged,
That the hands of giants
Fitly might wield,
This insolent urchin
For whom it is fashioned
Can snap in two at one stroke,
As if the thing were a toy!
[_Mime throws the sword on the anvil
ill-humouredly, and with his arms akimbo gazes
thoughtfully on the ground._
There is one sword
That he could not shatter:
Nothung's splinters
Would baffle his strength,
Could I but forge
Those doughty fragments
That all my skill
Cannot weld anew.
Could I but forge the weapon,
Shame and toil would win their reward!
[_He sinks further back his head bowed in thought._
Fafner, the dragon grim,
Dwells in the gloomy wood;
With his gruesome and grisly bulk
The Nibelung hoard
Yonder he guards.
Siegfried, lusty and young,
Would slay him without ado;
The Nibelung's ring
Would then become mine.
The only sword for the deed
Were Nothung, if it were swung
By Siegfried's conquering arm;
And I cannot fashion
Nothung, the sword!
[_He lays the sword in position again, and goes on
hammering in deep dejection._
Slavery! worry!
Labour all lost!
The strongest sword
That ever I forged
Will never serve
For that difficult deed.
I beat and I hammer
Only to humour the boy;
He snaps in two what I make,
And scolds if I cease from work.
[_He drops his hammer._
SIEGFRIED
[_In rough forester's dress, with a silver horn
hung by a chain, bursts in boisterously from the
wood. He is leading a big bear by a rope of bast,
and urges him towards Mime in wanton fun._
Hoiho! Hoiho!
[_Entering._
Come on! Come on!
Tear him! Tear him!
The silly smith!
[_Mime drops the sword in terror, and takes refuge
behind the forge; while Siegfried, shouting with
laughter, keeps driving the bear after him._
[Illustration: Mime at the anvil. See p. 2]
MIME
Hence with the beast!
I want not the bear!
SIEGFRIED
I come thus paired
The better to pinch thee;
Bruin, ask for the sword!
MIME
Hey! Let him go!
There lies the weapon;
It was finished to-day.
SIEGFRIED
Then thou art safe for to-day!
[_He lets the bear loose and strikes him on the
back with the rope._
Off, Bruin!
I need thee no more.
[_The bear runs back into the wood._
MIME [_Comes trembling from behind the forge._
Slay all the bears
Thou canst, and welcome;
But why thus bring the beasts
Home alive?
SIEGFRIED [_Sits down to recover from his laughter._
For better companions seeking
Than the one who sits at home,
I blew my horn in the wood,
Till the forest glades resounded.
What I asked with the note
Was if some good friend
My glad companion would be.
From the covert came a bear
Who listened to me with growls,
And I liked him better than thee,
Though better friends I shall find.
With a trusty rope
I bridled the beast,
To ask thee, rogue, for the weapon.
[_He jumps up and goes towards the anvil._
MIME
[_Takes up the sword to hand it to Siegfried._
I made the sword keen-edged;
In its sharpness thou wilt rejoice.
[_He holds the sword anxiously in his hand;
Siegfried snatches it from him._
What matters an edge keen sharpened,
Unless hard and true the steel?
[_Testing the sword._
Hei! What an idle,
Foolish toy!
Wouldst have this pin
Pass for a sword?
[_He strikes it on the anvil, so that the splinters
fly about. Mime shrinks back in terror._
There, take back the pieces,
Pitiful bungler!
'Tis on thy skull
It should have been broken!
Shall such a braggart
Still go on boasting,
Telling of giants
And prowess in battle,
Of deeds of valour,
And dauntless defence?--
A sword true and trusty
Try to forge me,
Praising the skill
He does not possess?
When I take hold
Of what he has hammered,
The rubbish crumbles
At a mere touch!
Were not the wretch
Too mean for my wrath,
I would break him in bits
As well as his work--
The doting fool of a gnome!--
And end the annoyance at once!
[_Siegfried throws himself on to a stone seat in a
rage. Mime all the time has been cautiously keeping
out of his way._
MIME
Again thou ravest like mad,
Ungrateful and perverse.
If what for him I forge
Is not perfect on the spot,
Too soon the boy forgets
The good things I have made!
Wilt never learn the lesson
Of gratitude, I wonder?
Thou shouldst be glad to obey him
Who always treated thee well.
[_Siegfried turns his back on Mime in a bad temper,
and sits with his face to the wall._
Thou dost not like to be told that!
[_He stands perplexed, then goes to the hearth in
the kitchen._
But thou wouldst fain be fed.
Wilt eat the meat I have roasted,
Or wouldst thou prefer the broth?
'Twas boiled solely for thee.
[_He brings food to Siegfried, who, without turning
round, knocks both bowl and meat out of his hand._
SIEGFRIED
Meat I roast for myself;
Sup thy filthy broth alone!
MIME [_In a wailing voice, as if hurt._
This is the reward
Of all my love!
All my care
Is paid for with scorn.
When thou wert a babe
I was thy nurse,
Made the mite clothing
To keep him warm,
Brought thee thy food,
Gave thee to drink,
Kept thee as safe
As I keep my skin;
And when thou wert grown
I waited on thee,
And made a bed
For thy slumber soft.
I fashioned thee toys
And a sounding horn,
Grudging no pains,
Wert thou but pleased.
With counsel wise
I guided thee well,
With mellow wisdom
Training thy mind.
Sitting at home,
I toil and moil;
To heart's desire
Wander thy feet.
Through thee alone worried,
And working for thee,
I wear myself out,
A poor old dwarf!
[_Sobbing._
And for my trouble
The sole reward is
By a hot-tempered boy
[_Sobbing._
To be hated and plagued!
[Illustration: Mime and the infant Siegfried See p. 8]
SIEGFRIED
[_Has turned round again and has quietly watched
Mime's face, while the latter, meeting the look,
tries timidly to hide his own._
Thou hast taught me much, Mime,
And many things I have learned;
But what thou most gladly hadst taught me
A lesson too hard has proved--
How to endure thy sight.
When with my food
Or drink thou dost come,
I sup off loathing alone;
When thou dost softly
Make me a bed,
My sleep is broken and bad;
When thou wouldst teach me
How to be wise,
Fain were I deaf and dumb.
If my eyes happen
To fall on thee,
I find all thou doest
Amiss and ill-done;
When thou dost stand,
Waddle and walk,
Shamble and shuffle,
With thine eyelids blinking,
By the neck I want
To take the nodder,
And choke the life
From the hateful twitcher.
So much, O Mime, I love thee!
Hast thou such wisdom,
Explain, I pray thee,
A thing I have wondered at:
Though I go roaming
Just to avoid thee,
Why do I always return?
Though I love the beasts
All better than thee--
Tree and bird
And the fish in the brook,
One and all
They are dearer than thou--
How is it I always return?
Of thy wisdom tell me that.
MIME
[_Tries to approach him affectionately._
My child, that ought to show thee
That Mime is dear to thy heart.
SIEGFRIED
I said I could not bear thee;
Forget not that so soon.
MIME
[_Recoils, and sits down again apart, opposite
Siegfried._]
The wildness that thou shouldst tame
Is the cause, bad boy, of that.
Young ones are always longing
After their parents' nest;
What we love we all long for,
And so thou dost yearn for me;
'Tis plain thou lovest thy Mime,
And always must love him.
What the old bird is to the young one,
Feeding it in its nest
Ere the fledgling can flutter,
That is what careful, clever Mime
To thy young life is,
And always must be.
SIEGFRIED
Well, Mime, being so clever,
This one thing more also tell me:
[_Simply._
The birds sang together
So gaily in spring,
[Illustration: "And there I learned
What love was like"
See p. 11]
[_Tenderly._
The one alluring the other;
And thou didst say,
When I asked thee why,
That they were wives with their husbands.
They chattered so sweetly,
Were never apart;
They builded a nest
In which they might brood;
The fluttering young ones
Came flying out,
And both took care of the young.
The roes in the woods, too,
Rested in pairs,
The wild wolves even, and foxes.
Food was found them and brought
By the father,
The mother suckled the young ones.
And there I learned
What love was like;
A whelp from its mother
I never took.
But where hast thou, Mime,
A wife dear and loving,
That I may call her mother?
MIME [_Angrily._
What dost thou mean?
Fool, thou art mad!
Art thou then a bird or a fox?
SIEGFRIED
When I was a babe
Thou wert my nurse,
Made the mite clothing
To keep him warm;
But tell me, whence
Did the tiny mite come?
Could babe without mother
Be born to thee?
MIME [_Greatly embarrassed._
Thou must always
Trust what I tell thee.
I am thy father
And mother in one.
SIEGFRIED
Thou liest, filthy old fright!
The resemblance 'twixt child and parent
I often have seen for myself.
I came to the limpid brook,
And the beasts and the trees
I saw reflected;
Sun and clouds too,
Just as they are,
Were mirrored quite plain in the stream.
I also could spy
This face of mine,
And quite unlike thine
Seemed it to me;
As little alike
As a fish to a toad:
And when had fish toad for its father?
MIME [_Very angrily._
How canst thou talk
Such terrible stuff?
SIEGFRIED [_With increasing animation._
Listen! At last
I understand
What in vain I pondered so long:
Why I roam the woods
And run to escape thee,
Yet return home in the end.
[_He springs up._
I cannot go till thou tell me
What father and mother were mine.
MIME
What father? What mother?
Meaningless questions!
SIEGFRIED
[_Springs upon Mime, and seizes him by the throat._
To answer a question
Thou must be caught first;
Willingly
Thou never wilt speak;
Thou givest nothing
Unless forced to.
How to talk
I hardly had learned
Had it not by force
Been wrung from the wretch.
Come, out with it,
Mangy old scamp!
Who are my father and mother?
[Illustration: Siegfried sees himself in the stream. See p. 12.]
MIME
[_After makings signs with his head and hands, is
released by Siegfried._
Dost want to kill me outright!
Hands off, and the facts thou shalt hear,
As far as known to myself.
O ungrateful
And graceless child,
Now learn the cause of thy hatred!
Neither thy father
Nor kinsman I,
And yet thou dost owe me thy life!
To me, thy one friend,
A stranger wert thou;
It was pity alone
Sheltered thee here;
And this is all my reward.
And I hoped for thanks like a fool!
A woman once I found
Who wept in the forest wild;
I helped her here to the cave,
That by the fire I might warm her.
The woman bore a child here;
Sadly she gave it birth.
She writhed about in pain;
I helped her as I could.
Bitter her plight; she died.
But Siegfried lived and throve.
SIEGFRIED [_Slowly._
My poor mother died, then, through me?
MIME
To my care she commended thee;
'Twas willingly bestowed.
The trouble Mime would take!
The worry kind Mime endured!
"When thou wert a babe
I was thy nurse...."
SIEGFRIED
That story I often have heard.
Now say, whence came the name
Siegfried?
MIME
'Twas thus that thy mother
Told me to name thee,
That thou mightst grow
To be strong and fair.
"I made the mite clothing
To keep it warm...."
SIEGFRIED
Now tell me, what name was my mother's?
MIME
In truth I hardly know.
"Brought thee thy food,
Gave thee to drink...."
SIEGFRIED
My mother's name thou must tell me.
MIME
Her name I forget. Yet wait!
Sieglinde, that was the name borne
By her who gave thee to me.
"I kept thee as safe
As I keep my skin...."
SIEGFRIED
[_With increasing urgency._
Next tell me, who was my father?
MIME [_Roughly._
Him I have never seen.
[Illustration: Mime finds the mother of Siegfried in the forest.
See p. 13]
SIEGFRIED
But my mother told it thee, surely.
MIME
He fell in combat
Was all that she said.
She left the fatherless
Babe to my care.
"And when thou wert grown
I waited on thee,
And made a bed
For thy slumber soft"...
SIEGFRIED
Still, with thy tiresome
Starling song!
That I may trust thy story,
Convinced thou art not lying,
Thou must produce some proof.
MIME
But what proof will convince thee?
SIEGFRIED
I trust thee not with my ears,
I trust thee but with mine eyes:
What witness speaks for thee?
MIME
[_After some thought takes from the place where
they are concealed the two pieces of a broken sword._
I got this from thy mother:
For trouble, food, and service
This was my sole reward.
Behold, 'tis a splintered sword!
She said 'twas borne by thy father
In the fatal fight when he fell.
SIEGFRIED [_Enthusiastically._
And thou shalt forge
These fragments together,
And furnish my rightful sword!
Up! Tarry not, Mime;
Quick to thy task!
If thou hast skill,
Thy cunning display.
Cheat me no more
With worthless trash;
These fragments alone
Henceforth I trust.
Lounge o'er thy work,
Weld it not true,
Trickily patching
The goodly steel,
And thou shalt learn on thy limbs
How metal best should be beat!
I swear that this day
The sword shall be mine;
My weapon to-day I shall win!
MIME [_Alarmed._
What wouldst thou to-day with the sword?
SIEGFRIED
Leave the forest
For the wide world,
Never more to return.
Ah, how fair
A thing is freedom!
Nothing holds me or binds!
No father have I here,
And afar shall be my home;
Thy hearth is not my house,
Nor my covering thy roof.
Like the fish
Glad in the water,
Like the finch
Free in the heavens,
Off I will float,
Forth I will fly,
Like the wind o'er the wood
Wafted away,
Thee, Mime, beholding no more!
[_He runs into the forest._
MIME [_Greatly alarmed._
Stop, boy! Stop, boy!
Whither away?
Hey! Siegfried!
Siegfried! Hey!
[_He looks after the retreating figure for some
time in astonishment; then he goes back to the
smithy and sits down behind the anvil._
He storms away!
And I sit here:
To crown my cares
Comes still this new one;
My plight is piteous indeed!
How help myself now?
How hold the boy here?
How lead the young madcap
To Fafner's lair?
And how weld the splinters
Of obstinate steel?
In no furnace fire
Can they be melted,
Nor can Mime's hammer
Cope with their hardness.
[_Shrilly._
The Nibelung's hate,
Need and sweat
Cannot make Nothung whole,
Never will weld it anew.
[_Sobbing, he sinks in despair on to a stool behind
the anvil._
WANDERER (WOTAN)
[_Enters from the wood by the door at the back of
the cave. He wears a long dark blue cloak, and, for
staff, carries a spear. On his head is a round,
broad-brimmed slouched hat._
All hail, cunning smith!
A seat by thy hearth
Kindly grant
The wayworn guest.
MIME [_Starting up in alarm._
Who seeks for me here
In desolate woods,
Finds my home in the forest wild?
WANDERER [_Approaching very slowly step by step._
Wanderer names me the world, smith.
From far I have come;
On the earth's back ranging,
Much I have roamed.
MIME
If Wanderer named,
Pray wander from here
Without halting for rest.
WANDERER
Good men grudge me not welcome;
Many gifts I have received.
By bad hearts only
Is evil feared.
MIME
Ill fate always
Dwelt by my side;
Thou wouldst not add to it, surely!
WANDERER [_Slowly coming nearer and nearer._
Always searching,
Much have I seen;
Things of weight
Have told to many;
Oft have rid men
Of their troubles,
Gnawing and carking cares.
MIME
Though thou hast searched,
And though much thou hast found,
I need neither seeker nor finder.
Lonely am I,
And lone would be;
Idlers I harbour not here.
WANDERER [_Again coming a little nearer._
There were many
Thought they were wise,
Yet what they needed
Knew not at all;
Useful lore was
Theirs for the asking,
Wisdom was their reward.
MIME
[_More and more anxious as he sees the Wanderer
approach._
Idle knowledge
Some may covet;
I know enough for my needs.
[_The Wanderer reaches the hearth._
My own wits suffice,
I want no more,
So, wise one, keep on thy way.
WANDERER [_Sitting down at the hearth._
Nay, here at thy hearth
I vow by my head
To answer all thou shalt ask.
My head is thine,
'Tis forfeit to thee,
Unless I can give
Answers good,
Deftly redeeming the pledge.
MIME
[_Who has been staring at the Wanderer
open-mouthed, now shrinks back; aside, dejectedly._
Now how to get rid of the spy?
The questions asked must be artful.
[_He summons up courage for an assumption of
sternness; aloud._
Thy head for thy
Lodging pays:
'Tis pawned; now seek to redeem it.
Three the questions
Thou shalt be asked.
WANDERER
Thrice then I must answer.
MIME [_Pulls himself together and reflects._
Since, far on the back
Of the wide earth roving,
Thy feet have ranged o'er the world,
Come, answer me this:
Tell me what race
Dwells in the earth's deep gorges.
WANDERER
In the depths of earth
The Nibelungs have their home;
Nibelheim is their land.
Black elves they all are;
Black Alberich
Once was their ruler and lord.
He subdued the busy
Folk by a ring
Gifted with magical might;
And they piled up
Shimmering gold,
Precious, fine-wrought,
To win him the world and its glory.
Proceed with thy questions, dwarf.
MIME
[_Sinks into deeper and deeper meditation._
Thou knowest much,
Wanderer,
Of the hidden depths of earth.
Now, answer me this:
Tell me what race
Breathes on earth's back and moves there.
WANDERER
On the earth's broad back
The race of the giants arose;
Riesenheim is their land.
Fasolt and Fafner,
The rude folk's rulers,
Envied the Nibelung's might.
So his wonderful hoard
They won for themselves,
And with it gained the ring too.
The brothers quarrelled
About the ring,
And slain was Fasolt.
In dragon's form
Fafner now watches the hoard.
One question threatens me still.
MIME [_Quite lost in thought._
Much, Wanderer,
Thou dost know
Of the earth's back rude and rugged.
Now answer aright:
Tell me what race
Dwells above in the clouds.
WANDERER
Above in the clouds
Dwell the Immortals;
Walhall is their home.
They are light-spirits;
Light-Alberich,
Wotan, rules as their lord.
From the world-ash-tree's
Holiest bough once
Wotan made him a shaft.
Though the stem rot,
The spear shall endure,
And with that spear-point
Wotan rules the world.
Trustworthy runes
Of holy treaties
Deep in the shaft he cut.
Who wields the spear
Carried by Wotan
The haft of the world
Holds in his hand.
Before him kneels
The Nibelung host;
The giants, tamed,
Bow to his will.
All must obey, and for ever,
The spear's eternal lord.
[_He strikes the ground with the spear as if by
accident, and a low growl of thunder is heard, by
which Mime is violently alarmed._
Confess now, cunning dwarf,
Are not my answers right,
And is not my head redeemed?
MIME
[_After attentively watching the Wanderer with the
spear, becomes very frightened, seeks in a confused
manner for his tools, and looks timidly aside._
Both thou hast won,
Wager and head;
Thy way now, Wanderer, go.
WANDERER
Knowledge useful to thee
Thou wert to ask for;
Forfeit my head if I failed.
Forfeit be thine,
Knowest thou not
The thing it would serve thee to know.
Greeting thou
Gavest me not;
My head into thy hand
I gave
That I might rest by thy hearth.
By wager fair
Forfeit thy head,
Canst thou not answer
Three things when asked;
So sharpen well, Mime, thy wits!
[Illustration: "In dragon's form
Fafner now watches the hoard"
--See p. 21]
MIME
[_Very much frightened, and after much hesitation,
at last composes himself with timid submission._
Long it is
Since I left my land;
Long it seems to me
Since I was born.
I saw here the eye of Wotan
Shine, peering into my cave;
His glance dazes
My mother-wit.
But well were it now to be wise.
Come then, Wanderer, ask.
Perhaps fortune will favour
The dwarf, and redeem his head.
WANDERER [_Comfortably sitting down again._
Then first, honest dwarf,
Answer this question:
Tell the name of the race
That Wotan treats most harshly,
[_Very softly, but audibly._
And yet loves beyond all the rest.
MIME [_With more cheerfulness._
Though unlearnèd
In heroes' kinship,
This question I answer with ease.
The Wälsungs are Wotan's
Chosen stock,
By him begotten
And loved with passion,
Though they are shown no grace.
Siegmund and Sieglinde
Born were to Wälse,
A wild and desperate
Twin-born pair;
Siegfried had they as son,
The strongest shoot from the tree.
My head, say, is it
Still, Wanderer, mine?
WANDERER [_Pleasantly._
How well thou knowest
And namest the race!
Rogue, I see thou art clever.
The foremost question
Thou hast solved;
The second answer me, dwarf.
A crafty Niblung
Shelters Siegfried,
Hoping he will slay Fafner,
That the dwarf may be lord of the hoard,
The ring being his.
Say, what sword,
If Fafner to fall is,
Must be by Siegfried swung?
MIME
[_Forgetting his present situation more and more,
rubs his hands joyfully._
Nothung is
The name of the sword;
Into an ash-tree's stem
Wotan struck it;
One only might bear it:
He who could draw it forth.
The strongest heroes
Tried it and failed;
Only by Siegmund
Was it done;
Well he fought with the sword
Till on Wotan's spear it was split.
By a crafty smith
Are the fragments kept,
For he knows that alone
With the Wotan sword
A brave and foolish boy,
Siegfried, can slay the foe.
[_Much pleased._
A second time
My head have I saved?
[Illustration: Mime and the Wanderer. See p. 17]
WANDERER [_Laughing_.
The wisest of wise ones
Thou must be, surely;
Who else could so clever be!
But wouldst thou by craft
Employ the boy-hero
As instrument of thy purpose,
With one question more
I threaten thee.
Tell me, thou artful
Armourer,
Whose skill from the doughty splinters
Nothung the sword shall fashion.
MIME [_Starts up in great terror._
The splinters! The sword!
Alas! my head reels!
What shall I do?
What can I say?
Accursèd sword!
I was mad to steal it!
A perilous pass
It has brought me to.
Always too hard
To yield to my hammer!
Rivet, solder--
Useless are both.
[_He throws his tools about as if he had gone
crazy, and breaks out in utter despair._
The cleverest smith
Living has failed;
And, that being so,
Who shall succeed?
How rede aright such a riddle?
WANDERER [_Has risen quietly from the hearth._
Three things thou wert to ask me;
Thrice was I to reply.
Thy questions were
Of far-off things,
But what stood here at thy hand--
Needed much--that was forgot,
Now that I guess it,
Thou goest crazed,
And won by me
Is the cunning one's head.
Now, Fafner's dauntless subduer,
Hear, thou death-doomed dwarf.
By him who knows not
How to fear
Nothung shall be forged.
[_Mime stares at him; he turns to go._
So ward thy head
Well from to-day.
I leave it forfeit to him
Who has never learned to fear.
[_He turns away smiling, and disappears quickly
in the wood. Mime has sunk on to the bench
overwhelmed._
MIME
[_Stares before him into the sunlit wood, and
begins to tremble more and more violently._
Accursèd light!
The air is on fire!
What flickers and flashes?
What buzzes and whirs?
What sways there and swings
And circles about?
What glitters and gleams
In the sun's hot glow?
What rustles and hums
And rings so loud?
With roll and roar
It crashes this way!
It bursts through the wood,
Making for me!
[_He rises up in terror._
Its jaws are wide open,
Eager for prey;
The dragon will catch me!
Fafner! Fafner!
[_He sinks shrieking behind the anvil._
SIEGFRIED
[_Behind the scenes, is heard breaking from the
thicket._
Ho there! Thou idler!
Is the work finished?
[_He enters the cave._
Quick, come show me the sword.
[_He pauses in surprise._
Where hides the smith?
Has he made off?
Hey, there! Mime, thou coward!
Where art thou? Where hidest thou?
MIME
[_In a small voice, from behind the anvil._
'Tis thou then, child?
Art thou alone?
SIEGFRIED [_Laughing._
Under the anvil?
Why, what doest thou there?
Wert thou grinding the sword?
MIME [_Comes forward, greatly upset and confused._
The sword? The sword?
How could I weld it?
[_Half aside._
By him who knows not
How to fear
Nothung shall be forged.
Too wise am I
To attempt such work.
SIEGFRIED [_Violently._
Wilt thou speak plainly
Or must I help thee?
MIME [_As before._
Where shall I turn in my need?
My wily head
Wagered and lost is,
[_Staring before him._
And forfeit to him it will fall
Who has never learned to fear.
SIEGFRIED [_Vehemently._
Dost thou by shuffling
Seek to escape?
MIME [_Gradually recovering himself._
Small need to fly
Him who knows fear!
But that lesson was one never taught thee.
A fool, I forgot
The one great thing;
What thou wert taught
Was to love me,
And alas! the task proved hard.
Now how shall I teach thee to fear?
SIEGFRIED [_Seizes him._
Hey! Must I help thee?
What work hast thou done?
MIME
Concerned for thy good,
In thought I was sitting:
Something of weight I would teach thee.
SIEGFRIED [_Laughing._
'Twas under the seat
That thou wert sitting;
What weighty thing foundest thou there?
MIME
[_Recovering himself more and more._
Down there I learned how to fear,
That I might teach thee, dullard.
SIEGFRIED [_With quiet wonder._
This fear then, what is it?
MIME
Thou knowest not that,
Yet wouldst from the forest
Forth to the world?
What help in the trustiest sword,
Hadst thou not learned to fear?
SIEGFRIED [_Impatiently._
What absurd
Invention is this?
MIME
[_Approaching Siegfried with more and more
confidence._
'Tis thy mother's wish
Speaking through me.
I must fulfil
The promise I gave her:
That the world and its wiles
Thou shouldst not encounter
Until thou hadst learned how to fear.
SIEGFRIED [_Vehemently_
Is it an art?
Why was I not taught?
Explain: this fearing, what is it?
MIME
In the dark wood
Hast thou not felt,
When shades of dusk
Fall dim and drear,
When mournful whispers
Sigh afar,
And fierce growling
Sounds at hand,
When strange flashes
Dart and flicker,
And the buzzing
And clamour grow--
[_Trembling._
Hast thou not felt grim horror
Hold every sense in its clutches?--
[_Quaking._
When the limbs shiver,
Shaken with terror,
[_With a quivering voice._
And the heart, filled with dismay,
Hammers, bursting the breast--
Hast thou not yet felt that,
A stranger art thou to fear.
SIEGFRIED [_Musing._
Wonderful truly
That must be.
Steadfast, strong
Beats my heart in my breast.
The shiver and shudder,
The fever and horror,
Burning and fainting,
Beating and trembling--
Ah, how glad I would feel them,
[_Tenderly._
Could I but learn this delight!
But how, Mime,
Can it be mine?
How, coward, could it be taught me?
MIME
Following me,
The way thou shalt find;
I have thought it all out.
I know of a dragon grim
That slays and swallows men:
Fear thou wilt learn from Fafner,
When I lead to where he lies.
SIEGFRIED
Where has he his lair?
MIME
Neidhöhl'
Named, it lies east
Towards the end of the wood.
SIEGFRIED
It lies not far from the world?
MIME
The world is quite close to the cave.
SIEGFRIED
That I may learn what this fear is,
Lead me there straightway;
Then forth to the world!
Make haste! Forge me the sword.
In the world fain I would swing it.
MIME
The sword? Woe's me!
SIEGFRIED
Quick to the smithy!
Show me thy work!
MIME
Accursèd steel!
Unequal my skill to the task;
The potent magic
Surpasses the poor dwarf's strength.
'Twere more easily done
By one who never felt fear.
SIEGFRIED
Artful tricks
The idler would play me;
He is a bungler;
He should confess,
And not seek to lie his way out.
Here with the splinters!
Off with the bungler!
[_Coming to the hearth._
His father's sword
Siegfried will weld:
By him shall it be forged.
[_Flinging Mime's tools about, he sets himself
impetuously to work._
MIME
If thou hadst practised
Thy craft with care,
Thou wouldst have profited now;
But thou wert far
Too lazy to learn,
And now at need canst do nothing.
SIEGFRIED
Where the master has failed
What hope for the scholar,
Had he obeyed him in all?
[_He makes a contemptuous grimace at him._
Be off with thee!
Meddle no more,
In case with the steel I melt thee.
[_He has heaped a large quantity of charcoal on the
hearth, and keeps blowing the fire, while he screws
up the pieces of the sword in a vice and files them
to shavings._
MIME
[_Who has sat down a little way off, watches
Siegfried at work._
Why file it to bits?
There is the solder
All fused, ready to hand.
SIEGFRIED
Off with the pap,
I need it not;
With paste I fashion no sword!
MIME
Now the file is ruined,
The rasp is useless;
Why grind thus the steel to splinters?
SIEGFRIED
It must be shivered
And ground into shreds;
Only so can splinters be patched.
[_He goes on filing with great energy._
MIME [_Aside._
I see a craftsman
Is useless here;
By his own folly the fool is best served.
Look how he toils
With lusty strokes;
The steel disappears,
And still he keeps cool.
[_Siegfried has blown the fire to a bright flame._
Though I am as old
As cave and wood,
The like I never yet saw!
[_While Siegfried continues to file the piece of
the sword impetuously, Mime seats himself a little
further off._
He will forge the sword--
I see it plain--
Boldly weld it anew.
The Wanderer was right.
Where shall I hide
My luckless head?
If nothing teaches him fear,
Forfeit it falls to the boy.
[_Springing up and bending down in growing
agitation._
But woe to Mime!
If Siegfried learn fear,
The dragon will never be slain;
And, if so, how gain the ring?
Accurst dilemma!
Would I escape,
I must find out some way
Of subduing the boy for myself.
SIEGFRIED
[_Has now filed down the pieces, and puts the
filings in a crucible, which he places on the fire._
Hey, Mime! The name!--
Quick, name the sword
That I have pounded to pieces.
MIME [_Starts and turns towards Siegfried._
Nothung, that is
The name of the sword;
'Twas mother told me the tale.
SIEGFRIED
[_During the following song keeps blowing the fire
with the bellows._
Nothung! Nothung!
Conquering sword!
What blow, I wonder, broke thee.
Thy keen-edged glory
I chopped to chaff;
The splinters now I am melting.
Hoho! Hoho!
Hohei! Hohei! Hoho!
Bellows blow!
Brighten the flame!
In the woods
A tree grew wild;
It fell, by my hand hewn down.
The brown-stemmed ash
To charcoal I burned;
Now it lies heaped high on the hearth.
Hoho! Hoho!
Hohei! Hohei! Hoho!
Bellows blow!
Brighten the flame!
How bravely, brightly
The charcoal burns!
How clear and fair its fire!
With showering sparks
It leaps and glows,--
Hohei! Hoho! Hohei!--
Dissolving the splintered steel!
Hoho! Hoho!
Hohei! Hohei! Hoho!
Bellows, blow!
Brighten the flame!
Hoho! Hoho!
Hoho, hohei! Hohei!
Nothung! Nothung!
Conquering sword!
Thy steel chopped to chaff is fused;
In thine own sweat
Thou swimmest now,
[Illustration: The forging of Nothung--See p. 34]
[_He pours the glowing contents of the crucible
into a mould, which he holds up._
But soon my sword thou shalt be!
MIME
[_During the pauses in Siegfried's song, still
aside, sitting at a distance._
The sword he will forge
And vanquish Fafner,
So much I can clearly foresee;
Hoard and ring
The victor will have;
How to win them both for myself!
By wit and wiles
They shall be captured,
And safe shall be my head.
[_In the foreground, still aside._
After the fight, when athirst,
For a cooling draught he will crave;
Of fragrant juices
Gathered from herbs
The draught I will brew for him.
Let him drink but a drop,
And in slumber
Softly lapped he shall lie:
With the very sword
That he fashioned to serve him
He shall be cleared from my way,
And treasure and ring made mine.
[_He rubs his hands with satisfaction._
Ha! dull didst hold me,
Wanderer wise!
Does my subtle scheming
Please thee now?
Have I found
A path to peace?
[_He springs up joyfully, fetches several vessels,
shakes spices and herbs from them into a pot, and
tries to put it on the hearth._
SIEGFRIED
[_Has plunged the mould into a pail of water. Steam
and loud hissing ensue as it cools._
In the water flowed
A flood of fire;
Furious with hate,
Grimly it hissed;
Though scorching it ran,
In the cooling flood
No more it flows;
Stiff, stark it became,
Hard is the stubborn steel;
Yet warm blood
Shall flow thereby!
Now sweat once again,
That swift I may weld thee,
Nothung, conquering sword!
[_He thrusts the steel into the fire, and blows the
bellows violently. While doing so he watches Mime,
who, from the other side of the hearth, carefully
puts his pot on the fire._
What does the booby
Make in his pot?
While I melt steel,
What art thou brewing?
MIME
A smith is put to shame,
And learns from the lad he taught;
All the master's lore is useless now;
He serves the boy as cook.
Steel thou dost brew into broth;
Old Mime boils thee
Eggs for thy meal.
[_He goes on with his cooking._
SIEGFRIED
Mime, the craftsman,
Learns to cook now,
And cares no longer to forge;
I have broken
All the swords that he made me;
What he cooks my lips shall not touch.
[_During the following he takes the mould from the
fire, breaks it, and lays the glowing steel on the
anvil._
To find out what fear is
Forth he will guide me;
A far-off teacher shall teach me;
Even what he does best
He cannot do well;
In everything Mime must bungle!
[_During the forging._
Hoho! Hoho! Hohei!
Forge me, my hammer,
A trusty sword.
Hoho! Hahei!
Hoho! Hahei!
Blood-stained was once
Thy steely blue,
The crimson trickle
Reddened thy blade.
How cold was thy laugh!
The warm blood cooled at thy touch!
Heiaho! Haha!
Haheiaha!
Now red thou comest
From the fire,
And thy softened steel
To the hammer yields.
Angry sparks thou dost shower
On me who humbled thy pride.
Heiaho! Heiaho!
Heiahohohohoho!
Hahei! Hahei! Hahei!
Hoho! Hoho! Hohei!
Forge me, my hammer,
A trusty sword!
Hoho! Hahei!
Hoho! Hahei!
How I rejoice
In the merry sparks!
The bold look best
When by anger stirred!
Gay thou laughest to me,
Grimly though thou dost pretend!
Heiaho, haha, haheiaha!
Both heat and hammer
Served me well;
With sturdy strokes
I stretched thee straight;
Now banish thy modest blush,
Be as cold and hard as thou canst.
Heiho! Heiaho!
Heiahohohohoho! Heiah!
[_He swings the blade, plunges it into the pail of
water, and laughs aloud at the hissing._
MIME
[_While Siegfried is fixing the blade in the hilt,
moves about in the foreground with the bottle into
which he has poured the contents of the pot. Aside._
He forges a sharp-edged sword:
Fafner, the foe
Of the dwarf, is doomed;
I brewed a deadly draught:
Siegfried must perish
When Fafner falls.
By guile the goal must be reached;
Soon shall smile my reward!
For the shining ring
My brother once made,
And which with a potent
Spell he endowed,
The gleaming gold
That gives boundless might--
That ring I have won now,
I am its lord.
[_He trots briskly about with increasing
satisfaction._
Alberich even,
Whom I served,
Shall be the slave
Of Mime the dwarf.
As Nibelheim's prince
I shall descend there,
And all the host
Shall do my will;
None so honoured as he,
The dwarf once despised!
To the hoard will come thronging
Gods and men;
[_With increasing liveliness._
The world shall cower,
Cowed by my nod,
And at my frown
Shall tremble and fall!
No more shall Mime
Labour and toil,
When others win him
Unending wealth.
Mime, the valiant,
Mime is monarch,
Prince and ruler,
Lord of the world!
Hei, Mime! Great luck has been thine!
Had any one dreamed of this!
SIEGFRIED
[_During the pauses in Mime's song has been filing
and sharpening the sword and hammering it with the
small hammer. He flattens the rivets of the hilt
with the last strokes, and now grasps the sword._
Nothung! Nothung!
Conquering sword!
Once more art thou firm in thy hilt.
Severed wert thou;
I shaped thee anew,
No second blow thy blade shall shatter.
The strong steel was splintered,
My father fell;
The son who now lives
Shaped it anew.
Bright-gleaming to him it laughs,
And for him its edge shall be keen.
[_Swinging the sword before him._
Nothung! Nothung!
Conquering sword!
Once more to life I have waked thee.
Dead wert thou,
In fragments hewn,
Now shining defiant and fair.
Woe to all robbers!
Show them thy sheen!
Strike at the traitor,
Cut down the rogue!
See, Mime, thou smith;
Thus sunders Siegfried's sword!
[_He strikes the anvil and splits it in two from
top to bottom, so that it falls asunder with a
great noise. Mime, who has mounted a stool in great
delight, falls in terror to a fitting position on
the ground. Siegfried holds the sword exultantly on
high. The curtain falls._
[Illustration]
[Illustration
THE SECOND ACT
_A deep forest_
_Quite in the background the entrance to a cave.
The ground rises towards a flat knoll in the middle
of the stage, and slopes down again towards the
back, so that only the upper part of the entrance
to the cave is visible to the audience. To the left
a fissured cliff is seen through the trees. It is
night, the darkness being deepest at the back,
where at first the eye can distinguish nothing at
all._
ALBERICH
[_Lying by the cliff, gloomily brooding._
In night-drear woods
By Neidhöhl' I keep watch,
With ear alert,
Keen and anxious eye.
Timid day,
Tremblest thou forth?
Pale art thou dawning
Athwart the dark?
[_A storm arises in the wood on the right, and from
the same quarter there shines down a bluish light._
What comes yonder, gleaming bright?
Nearer shimmers
A radiant form;
It runs like a horse and it shines;
Breaks through the wood,
Rushing this way.
Is it the dragon's slayer?
Can it mean Fafner's death?
[_The wind subsides; the light vanishes._
The glow has gone,
It has faded and died;
All is darkness.
Who comes there, shining in shadow?
WANDERER
[_Enters from the wood, and stops opposite Alberich._
To Neidhöhl'
By night I have come;
In the dark who is hiding there?
[_As from a sudden rent in the clouds moonlight
streams forth and lights up the Wanderer's figure._
ALBERICH
[_Recognises the Wanderer and shrinks back at first
in alarm, but immediately after breaks out in
violent fury._
'Tis thou who comest thus?
What wilt thou here?
Go, get thee hence!
Begone, thou insolent thief!
WANDERER [_Quietly._
Schwarz-Alberich
Wanders here?
Guardest thou Fafner's house?
ALBERICH
Art thou intent
On mischief again?
Linger not here!
Off with thee straightway!
Has grief enough
Not deluged the earth through thy guile?
Spare it further
Sorrow, thou wretch!
WANDERER
I come as watcher,
Not as worker.
The Wanderer's way who bars?
ALBERICH
Thou arch, pestilent plotter!
Were I still the blind,
Silly fool that I was,
When I was bound thy captive,
How easy were it
To steal the ring again from me!
Beware! For thy cunning
I know well,
[_Mockingly._
And of thy weakness
I am fully aware too.
Thy debts were cancelled,
Paid with my treasure;
My ring guerdoned
The giants' toil,
Who raised thy citadel high.
Still on the mighty
Haft of thy spear there
The runes are written plain
Of the compact made with the churls;
And of that
Which by labour they won
Thou dost not dare to despoil them:
Thy spear's strong shaft
Thou thyself wouldst split;
The staff that makes thee
Master of all
Would crumble to dust in thy hand.
WANDERER
By the steadfast runes of treaties
Thou hast not,
Base one, been bound;
On thee my spear may spend its strength,
So keen I keep it for war.
ALBERICH
How dire thy threats!
How bold thy defiance!
And yet full of fear is thy heart!
Foredoomed to death
Through my curse is he
Who now guards the treasure.
What heir will succeed him?
Will the hoard all desire
Belong as before to the Niblung?--
That gnaws thee with ceaseless torment.
For once I have got it
Safe in my grasp,
Better than foolish giants
Will I employ its spell.
The God who guards heroes
Truly may tremble!
I will storm
Proud Walhall with Hella's hosts,
And rule, lord of the world!
WANDERER [_Quietly._
Thy design I know well,
But little I care:
Who wins the ring
Will rule by its might.
ALBERICH
Thou speakest darkly,
But to me all is plain.
Thy heart is bold
Because of a boy,
[_Mockingly._
A hero begot of thy blood.
Hast thou not fostered a stripling
To pluck the fruit thou durst not
[_With growing violence._
Pluck frankly for thyself?
WANDERER [_Lightly._
With me
'Tis useless to wrangle;
But Mime thou shouldst beware;
For thy brother brings here a boy
To compass the giant's doom.
He knows not of me;
He works for Mime alone.
And so I say to thee,
Do as seems to thee best.
[_Alberich makes a movement expressive of violent
curiosity._
Take my advice,
Be on thy guard:
The boy will hear of the ring
When Mime tells him the tale.
ALBERICH [_Violently._
Wilt thou hold thy hand from the hoard?
WANDERER
Whom I love
Must fight for himself unaided;
The lord of his fate,
He stands or falls:
All my hope hangs upon heroes.
ALDERICH
Does none but Mime
Dispute me the ring?
WANDERER
Only thou and Mime
Covet the gold.
ALDERICH
And yet it is not to be mine?
WANDERER [_Quietly coming nearer._
A hero comes
To set the hoard free;
Two Nibelungs yearn for the gold.
Fafner falls,
He who guards the ring;
Then a hand, seizing, shall hold it.
More wouldst thou learn,
There Fafner lies,
Who, if warned of his death,
Gladly would give up the toy.
Come, I will wake him for thee.
[_He goes towards the cave, and, standing on the
rising ground in front of it, calls towards it._
Fafner! Fafner!
Wake, dragon! Wake!
ALBERICH [_With anxious amazement, aside._
Does the madman mean it?
Am I to have it?
FAFNER'S VOICE
Who troubles my sleep?
WANDERER [_Facing the cave._
A well-wisher comes
To warn thee of danger;
Thy doom can be averted,
If thou wilt pay the price
With the treasure that thou guardest.
[_He leans his ear towards the cave, listening._
FAFNER'S VOICE
What would he?
ALBERICH
[_Has come to the Wanderer and calls into the cave._
Waken, Fafner!
Dragon, awake!
A doughty hero comes
To try his strength against thine.
FAFNER'S VOICE
I want a meal.
WANDERER
Bold is the boy and strong; Sharp-edged is his sword.
ALBERICH
The ring he seeks,
Nothing besides.
Give me the ring, and so
The strife shall be stayed.
Still guarding the hoard,
In peace shalt thou live long!
FAFNER [_Yawning._
I have and I hold:--
Let me slumber!
WANDERER
[_Laughs aloud and then turns again to Alberich._
Well, Alberich! That ruse failed,
But call me rogue no more.
This one thing thou shouldst
Never forget:
Each according to his kind must act;
Nothing can change him.
I leave thee the field now;
Show a bold front,
And try thy luck with thy brother;
Thou knowest his kind perhaps better.
And things unknown
Thou also shalt learn!
[_He turns away, and disappears quickly in the
wood. A storm arises and a bright light breaks
forth; then both quickly cease._
ALBERICH
[_Looks after the Wanderer as he gallops off._
Away on his shining
Horse he rides,
And leaves me to care and scorn!
Laugh on! Laugh on,
Ye light-minded
And high-spirited
Race of immortals!
One day ye shall perish
And pass!
Until the gold
Has ceased to gleam,
Will wise Alberich watch,
And his hate shall prevail.
[_He slips into the chasm at the side. The stage
remains empty. Dawn._
_As the day dawns Siegfried and Mime enter. Siegfried carries his sword
in a sword-belt of rope. Mime examines the place carefully. At last
he looks towards the background, which remains in deep shadow, whilst
the rising ground in the middle becomes, after a time, more and more
brightly illuminated by the sun._
MIME
Our journey ends here;
Here we halt.
SIEGFRIED
[_Sits down under the lime-tree and looks about
him._
So here I shall learn what fear is?
A far way thou hast led me;
We have wandered lone together
A whole night long in the woods.
This is the last
Of thee, Mime!
Can I not master
My lesson here,
Alone I will push forward
And never see thee again.
MIME
Lad, believe me,
If thou canst not
Learn it here and now,
No other place,
No other time
Ever will teach thee fear.
Dost thou see
That cavern yawning dark?
Yonder dwells
A dragon dread and grim,
Horribly fierce,
Enormous in size,
With terrible jaws
That threaten and gape;
With skin and hair,
All at a gulp,
The brute could swallow thee whole.
SIEGFRIED
[_Still sitting under the lime-tree._
'Twere well to close up his gullet;
His fangs I will therefore avoid.
MIME
Poison pours
From his venomous mouth;
Were he to spue out
Spittle on thee,
Thy body and bones would decay.
SIEGFRIED
That the poison may not consume me,
I will keep out of its reach.
MIME
A serpent's tail
Sweeping he swings;
Were that about thee wound
And folded close,
Thy limbs would be broken like glass.
SIEGFRIED
That his swinging tail may not touch me,
Warily then I must watch.
But answer me this:
Has the brute a heart?
MIME
A pitiless, cruel heart.
SIEGFRIED
It lies, however,
Where all hearts lie,
Brute and human alike?
MIME
Of course! There, boy,
The dragon's lies too.
At last thou beginnest to fear?
SIEGFRIED
[_Who till now has been lying indolently stretched
out, sits up suddenly._
Nothung into
His heart I will thrust!
Is that what is meant by fearing?
Hey, old dotard!
Canst thou teach me
Nothing but this
With all thy craft,
Linger no longer by me:
No fear is here to be learnt.
MIME
Wait awhile yet!
What I have told thee
Seems to thee empty sound;
When thou hast heard
And seen him thyself,
Thy senses will swoon, overwhelmed!
When thine eyes grow dim,
And when the ground rocks,
When in thy breast
Thy heart beats loud,
[_Very friendly._
Thou wilt remember who brought thee,
And think of me and my love.
SIEGFRIED
Thy love is not wanted!
Hast thou not heard?
Out of my sight with thee;
Let me alone!
Begin again talking of love,
And on the instant I go!
The horrible winking,
The nods and blinking--
When shall I see
The last of them,
And rid be at length of the fool?
MIME
Well, I will off,
And rest there by the spring.
Thou must stay here,
And as the sun scales the sky
Watch for the foe:
From his cave
He lumbers this way,
Winds and twists
Past this spot,
To water at the fountain.
SIEGFRIED [_Laughs._
Liest thou by the spring,
Unchecked thither the brute shall go;
He shall swallow thee
Down with the water,
Ere with my sword
To the heart I stab him!
So heed well what I say:
Rest not beside the spring.
Seek somewhere else
A far-off spot,
And nevermore return.
MIME
Thou wilt not refuse
Cooling refreshment
When the fierce fight is over?
[_Siegfried motions him angrily away._
Call on me too
Shouldst thou need counsel,
[_Siegfried repeats the gesture with more violence._
Or if felled on a sudden by fear.
[_Siegfried rises and drives him away with furious
gestures._
MIME [_Aside, as he goes away._
Fafner and Siegfried--
Siegfried and Fafner--
Might each the other but slay!
[_He disappears in the wood on the right._
SIEGFRIED
[_Stretches himself at his ease under the
lime-tree, and looks after Mime as he departs._
He is no father of mine!
How merry of heart I feel!
Never before
Seemed the forest fair;
Never day
Wore as lovely a smile,
For the loathed one has gone at last,
To be looked on by me no more.
[_He meditates in silence._
My father--what was he like?--
Ha! like me, without doubt.
Had Mime by chance had a son,
He would have been
Mime's image:
Quite as disgusting,
Filthy and grey,
Small and bent,
Hunchbacked and halting,
With ears long and hanging,
Rheumy eyes running--
Off with the fright!
To see him makes me sick!
[_He leans further back and looks up through the
branches of the tree. Deep silence. Woodland
murmurs._
What could my mother,
I wonder, be like;
That is not
So easy to picture.
[_Very tenderly._
Her clear shining eyes
Must have been soft,
And gentle like the roe-deer's,
Only far fairer.
[_Very softly._
In fear and woe she bore me,
But why did she die through me?
Must then all human mothers
Thus die on giving
Birth to a son?
That would truly be sad!
Ah, if I only
Could see my mother!--
See my mother,
A woman once!
[_He sighs softly, and leans still further back.
Deep silence. Louder murmuring of the wood. His
attention is at last caught by the song of the
birds. He listens with growing interest to one
singing in the branches above him._
O lovely warbler,
I know not thy note;
Hast thou thy home in this wood?
If I could but understand him,
His sweet song might say much--
Perhaps of my mother tell me.
A surly old dwarf
Said to me once
That men might learn
To follow the sense
Of birds when they were singing;
Could it indeed be done?
Ha! I will sing
After him,
On the reed follow him sweetly.
Though wanting the words,
Repeating his measure--
Singing what is his language--
Perhaps I shall know what he says.
[_He runs to the neighbouring spring, cuts a reed
off with his sword, and quickly makes himself a
pipe out of it. He listens again._
He stops to hear,
So now for my song!
[_He blows into the pipe, breaks off, and cuts
it again to improve it. He resumes his blowing,
shakes his head, and cuts the pipe once more. After
another attempt he gets angry, presses the pipe
with his hand, and tries again. He ceases playing
and smiles._
That rings not right;
For the lovely tune
The reed is not suited at all.
I fear, sweet bird,
I am too dull;
Thy song cannot I learn.
[_He hears the bird again and looks up to him._
He listens so roguishly
There that he shames me;
[_Very tenderly._
He waits, and nothing rewards him.
Heida! Come hearken
Now to my horn;
[_He flings the pipe away._
All I do sounds wrong
On the stupid reed;
To a song of the woods
That I know,
A merry song, listen now rather.
I hoped it would bring
Some comrade to me,
But wolves and bears
Were the best that came.
Now I will see
Who answers its note:
What comrade will come to its call.
[_He takes the silver hunting-horn and blows on
it. During the long-sustained notes he keeps his
eyes expectantly on the bird. A movement in the
background. Fafner, in the form of a monstrous
lizard-like dragon, has risen from his lair in the
cave. He breaks through the underwood and drags
himself up to the higher ground, so that the front
part of his body rests on it, while he utters a
loud sound, as if yawning._
SIEGFRIED
[_Looks round and gazes at Fafner in astonishment.
He laughs._
My horn with its note
Has allured something lovely;
A jolly companion wert thou.
FAFNER
[_At the sight of Siegfried has paused on the high
ground, and remains there._
What is that?
SIEGFRIED
If thou art a beast
Who can use its tongue,
Perchance thou couldst teach me something.
Here stands one
Who would learn to fear;
Say, wilt thou be his teacher?
FAFNER
Is this insolence?
SIEGFRIED
Courage or insolence,
What matter?
With my sword I will slay thee,
Wilt thou not teach me to fear.
FAFNER [_Makes a laughing sound._
Drink I came for;
Now food I find too!
[_He opens his jaws and shows his teeth._
SIEGFRIED
What a fine set of teeth
Thou showest me there!
Sweetly they smile
In thy dainty mouth!
'Twere well if I closed up thy gullet;
Thy jaws are gaping too wide!
FAFNER
They were not made
For idle talk,
But they will serve
To swallow thee.
SIEGFRIED
Hoho! Ferocious,
Merciless churl!
I have no fancy
To be eaten.
Better it seems to me
That without delay thou shouldst die!
FAFNER [_Roaring._
Pruh! Come,
Boy, with thy boasts!
SIEGFRIED [_Draws his sword._
Beware, growler!
The boaster comes!
[_He springs towards Fafner and remains defiantly
confronting him. Fafner drags himself further up
the knoll and spits at Siegfried from his nostrils.
Siegfried avoids the poison, springs nearer, and
stands on one side. Fafner tries to reach him
with his tail. Siegfried, who is nearly caught,
springs over Fafner with one bound, and wounds him
in the tail. Fafner roars, pulls his tail angrily
away, and raises the front part of his body so
that he may throw its full weight on Siegfried,
thus offering his breast to the stroke. Siegfried
quickly looks to see where his heart is, and
thrusts his sword into it up to the hilt. Fafner
raises himself still higher in his pain, and, when
Siegfried has let go his sword and sprung aside, he
sinks on the wound._
[Illustration: Siegfried kills Fafner--See p. 56]
SIEGFRIED
Lie there, envious brute! Nothung's point home has speeded!
FAFNER [_In a weaker voice._
Who art thou, boy bold-hearted,
That hast pierced my breast?
Who stirred up thy childish soul
To the murderous deed?
Thy brain schemed not the harm
Wrought by thy hand.
SIEGFRIED
Not much have I learned,
Not even who I am;
Thou thyself with thy taunting
Stirred me to fight and to slay.
FAFNER
O boy bright-eyed,
Who knowest not yet who thou art,
Whom thou hast murdered
Hear from me.
Two mighty giants there were,
Fasolt and Fafner;
The brothers now are both fallen.
For the cursèd gold
We got from the Gods
I did Fasolt to death.
He who now guards
The hoard as dragon,
Fafner, the last remaining,
Falls, by a rosy boy slain.
Boy in thy bloom,
Watch and be wary:
He who stirred thee blind to this deed
Takes thought how to compass thy death.
[_Dying._
Mark the ending!
Think on me!
SIEGFRIED
Who was my father?
Tell, if thou canst.
Dying, thou showest,
Wild one, much wisdom.
Siegfried my name is; haply
That may help thee to guess.
FAFNER
Siegfried!...
[_He raises himself and dies._
SIEGFRIED
The dead can tell no tidings.
My living sword, lead!
Lead onward, my sword!
[_Fafner has rolled to the side in dying. Siegfried
now draws the sword from his breast. In doing so
his hand gets sprinkled with the blood; he draws it
back quickly._
The hot blood burns like fire!
[_Involuntarily he raises his fingers to his mouth
to suck the blood from them. As he looks musingly
before him his attention becomes more and more
attracted by the singing of the birds._
I almost seem
To hear the birds speaking to me.
Is there a spell,
Perhaps, in the blood?
The curious bird up there--
Hark! he sings to me.
VOICE OF THE WOOD-BIRD
[_From the branches of the lime-tree above
Siegfried._
Hei! Siegfried now owns
All the Nibelung hoard!
Oh! could he the hoard
In the cave but find!
Tarnhelm, if he could but win it,
Would help him to deeds of renown;
And could he discover the ring,
It would make him the lord of the world!
[Illustration: "The hot blood burns like fire!"--See p 58]
SIEGFRIED
[_Has listened holding his breath and beaming with
delight._
Thanks, bonnie bird,
For the counsel good:
I follow the call!
[_He turns towards the back and descends to the
cave, where he at once disappears._
_Mime steals up, looking about him timidly to assure himself of
Fafner's death. At the same time Alberich comes out of the cleft on the
opposite side. He observes Mime, rushes on him and bars his way, as the
latter turns towards the cave._
ALBERICH
On what errand
Furtive and sly,
Knave, dost thou slink?
MIME
Accursèd brother,
That thou shouldst come!
What brings thee here?
ALBERICH
Rogue, has my gold
Provoked thy greed?
Dost covet my goods?
MIME
Get thee gone quickly!
This corner is mine;
What huntest thou here?
ALBERICH
Have I disturbed thee,
Thief, at thy work,
Secret and sly?
MIME
What I have slaved
And toiled to win
Shall not escape me.
ALBERICH
Who was it robbed
The Rhine of gold for the ring?
And whose cunning wrought
The spell of magical might?
MIME
Who made the Tarnhelm,
Changing its wearer's form?
Though thou didst want it,
Was it designed by thee?
ALBERICH
And what of thyself
Couldst aright have fashioned, thou bungler?
The magic ring
Forced thee to master thy craft.
MIME
And where is the ring?
'Twas reft from thy clutch by the giants.
What thou hast lost
I will gain and keep by my guile.
ALBERICH
What the boy has won
Would the niggard deny him?
'Tis not thine; the hero
Who won it is now its lord.
MIME
I brought him up;
For my pains now he shall pay;
For its reward
My trouble has waited too long.
ALBERICH
Just for rearing him,
The old niggardly,
Beggarly knave,
Bold as brass,
A king now would become?
The ring would befit
Better a dog
Than bumpkin like thee.
Never to thee
The magical ring shall fall!
MIME [_Scratches his head._
Well, keep it, then,
And guard with care
The gleaming gold;
Be thou lord,
But treat me as a brother;
Give me against it
Tarnhelm for toy,
Fairly exchanged;
Divided thus,
There will be booty for both.
[_He rubs his hands confidingly._
ALBERICH [_With a mocking laugh._
Share it with thee?
And the Tarnhelm too!
How sly thou art!
I could never
Sleep for a moment safely.
MIME [_Beside himself._
What! not even
Strike a bargain!
I must go bare,
Beggared of gain!
Thou wouldst leave me with nothing!
[_Shrieking._
ALBERICH
Nothing, not so
Much as a nail,
Shall fall to thy portion.
MIME [_In a fury._
Neither ring nor Tarnhelm
Shall thy hand touch, then;
'Tis I will not share!
I will call on Siegfried,
Summon the aid
Of his keen-edged sword;
The lad will make
Short work, dear brother, of thee!
ALBERICH
[_Siegfried having appeared in the background._
Turn and look there!
From the cavern hither he comes.
MIME
He will have chosen
Trivial toys.
ALBERICH
He bears the Tarnhelm!
MIME
Also the ring!
ALBERICH
Curst luck! The ring!
MIME [_Laughing maliciously._
Get him to give thee the ring now!
'Tis I, not thou, who shall win it.
ALBERICH
And yet to its lord
Must it at last be surrendered!
[_He disappears in the cleft._
[_During the foregoing Siegfried, with Tarnhelm and
ring, has come slowly and meditatively from the
cave; he regards his booty thoughtfully, and stops
on the knoll in the middle of the stage._
SIEGFRIED
I do not know
Of what use
Ye are; I chose you
From out the heaped-up hoard
Because of friendly advice.
Meanwhile, of this day
Be ye worn as witness,
Recalling to mind
How with fallen Fafner I fought,
And yet could not learn how to fear.
[_He hangs the Tarnhelm on his girdle and puts
the ring on his finger. Silence. His notice is
involuntarily drawn to the bird again, and he
listens to him with breathless attention._
[Illustration: The dwarfs quarrelling over the body of Fafner. See p.
59]
THE WOOD-BIRD'S VOICE
Hei! Siegfried now owns
Both the helm and the ring!
Oh! let him not listen
To Mime, the false!
He were wise to be wary of
Mime's treacherous tongue.
He will understand
Mime's secret intent,
Because he has tasted the blood.
[_Siegfried's mien and gestures show that he
has understood the bird's song. He sees Mime
approaching, and remains without moving, leaning
on his sword, observant and self-contained, in his
place on the knoll till the close of the following
scene._
MIME
[_Steals forward, and observes Siegfried from the
foreground._
He weighs in his mind
The booty's worth;
Can there by chance
Have come this way
A Wanderer wise
Who talked to the child,
And taught him crafty runes?
Doubly sly
Be then the dwarf;
My snares must be cunning,
Cleverly set,
That with cajoling
And wily falsehoods
The insolent boy I may fool.
[_He goes nearer to Siegfried and welcomes him with
flattering gestures._
Ha! Welcome, Siegfried!
Say, bold fighter,
Hast thou been taught how to fear?
SIEGFRIED
A teacher still is to find.
MIME
But the dragon grim
Has fallen before thee?
A fell and fierce monster was he.
SIEGFRIED
Though grim and spiteful the brute, I grieve over his death, While
there live still, unpunished, Blacker scoundrels than he was! The one
who bade me slay I hate far more than the slain.
MIME [_Very friendly._
Have patience! Thou wilt not
Look on me long.
[_Sweetly._
In endless sleep
Soon thine eyelids will be sealed.
Thy uses are over,
[_As if praising him._
Done is the deed;
The only task left
For me is to win the booty.
Methinks that task will not tax me;
Thou wert always easy to fool.
SIEGFRIED
To me thou art plotting harm, then?
MIME [_Astonished._
What makes thee think that?
[_Continuing tenderly._
Siegfried, listen, my own one!
I have always loathed
Thee and all that are like thee.
It was not from love
That I reared thee with care:
The gold hid in Fafner's cave
I worked for as my reward.
[_As if he were promising him something nice._
If thou wilt not yield
It up to me,
[_As if he were ready to lay down his life for him._
Siegfried, my son,
Thou plainly must see
[_As if in friendly jest._
I have no choice but to slay thee!
SIEGFRIED
That I am hated
Pleases me;
But must I lose my life for thy pleasure?
MIME [_Angrily._
I never said that;
Thou hast made a mistake.
See, thou art weary
From stress of strife,
Burning with fever and thirst;
Mime, the kind one,
To cool thy thirst
Brought a quickening draught.
While thy blade thou didst melt
I brewed thee the drink;
Touch it, and straight
Thy sword shall be mine,
And mine the hoard and Tarnhelm too.
[_Tittering._
SIEGFRIED
So thou of my sword
And all it has won me--
Ring and booty--wouldst rob me?
MIME [_Violently._
Why wilt mistake so my words!
Do I drivel or dote?
I use the utmost
Pains with my speech,
That what in my heart
I mean may be hidden;
And the stupid boy
Misunderstands what I say!
Open thy ears, boy,
And attend to me!
Hear, now, what Mime means.
Take this: the drink will refresh thee
As my drinks oft have done.
Many a time
When fretful and bad,
Though loth enough,
The draughts I brought thou hast swallowed.
SIEGFRIED
Of a cooling drink
I were glad;
Say, how has this one been brewed?
MIME
[_Jesting merrily, as if describing to him a
pleasant state of intoxication which the liquor is
to bring about._
Hei! Just drink it!
Trust to my skill.
In mist and darkness
Soon shall thy senses be sunk;
None to watch or ward them,
Stark-stretched shall thy limbs be.
Thou lying thus,
'Twere not hard
To take the booty and hide it;
But wert thou to awake,
Nevermore would
Mime be safe,
Even owning the ring.
So with the sword
He has made so sharp
[_With a gesture of extravagant joy._
First I will hack
The child's head off!
Then I shall have both rest and the ring!
[_Tittering._
SIEGFRIED
Thou wouldst, then, slay me when sleeping?
MIME [_Furiously._
Do what, child? Did I say that?
[_He takes pains to assume the utmost tenderness.
Carefully and distinctly._
I only mean
To chop off thy head!
[_With the appearance of heartfelt solicitude for
Siegfried's health._
For even if I
Had loathed thee less,
And had not thy scoffs
And my drudgery shameful
So loudly urged to vengeance,
[_Gently._
I should never dare to pause
Till from my path I thrust thee:
[_Jestingly again._
How else could I come by the booty,
Which Alberich covets as well?
[_He pours the liquid into the drinking-horn, and
offers it to Siegfried with pressing gestures._
Now, my Wälsung,
Wolf-begot,
Drink the draught and be choked,
And never drink again!
[_Tittering._
SIEGFRIED [_Threatens him with his sword._
Taste thou my sword,
Loathsome babbler!
[_As if seized by violent loathing, he gives Mime a
sharp stroke with his sword. Instantly Mime falls
dead to the ground. Alberich's voice in mocking
laughter from the cleft._
SIEGFRIED
[_Looking at Mime on the ground, quietly hangs his
sword again on his belt._
Envy's wage
Pays Nothung;
'Twas for this that I forged him.
[_He picks up Mime's body, carries it to the knoll,
and throws it into the cave._
In the cavern, there,
Lie on the hoard;
With steadfast guile
The gold thou hast gained:
Now let it belong to its master!
And a watchman good
I give thee, that thieves
Never may enter and steal.
[_With a great effort he pushes the body of the
dragon in front of the entrance to the cave, which
it completely stops up._
There lie thou too,
Dragon grim;
Along with thy foe
Greedy of gain
Thou shalt guard the glittering gold:
So both at last shall rest in peace.
[_He looks down thoughtfully into the cave for a
time, and then turns slowly to the front of the
stage as if tired. He passes his hand over his
brow._
Hot I feel
From the heavy toil;
Fast and furious
Flows my blood,
My hand burns on my head.
High stands the sun in heaven;
From azure heights
Falls his gaze
Through a cloudless sky on my crown.
Pleasant shadows will cool me under the linden.
[_He stretches himself out under the lime-tree, and
again looks up through the boughs._
If only, pretty warbler,
So long and so
Rudely disturbed,
I could once more hear thee singing!
On a branch I see thee
Merrily swaying;
Chirping and chattering,
Brothers and sisters
Are happily hovering round.
But I--I am alone,
Without brother or sister;
My mother died,
My father fell,
Unseen by their son!
The one soul I knew
Was a loathsome old dwarf;
[_Warmly._
Love he festered not
By kindness;
Many a cunning
Snare did he set me;
At last I was forced to slay him.
[_He looks sorrowfully up at the branches._
Bird sweet and friendly,
I ask thee a boon:
Wilt thou find for me
A comrade true?--
Wilt thou choose for me the right one?
So oft I have called,
And yet no one has come!
Thou, my friend,
Wilt manage it better,
So wise thy counsel has been.
[_Softly._
Now sing! I hearken to thy song.
THE WOOD-BIRD'S VOICE
Hei! Siegfried has slain
The deceitful dwarf!
I know for him now
A glorious bride.
She sleeps where rugged rocks soar;
Ringed is her chamber by fire.
Who battles the flames,
Wakens the bride,
Brünnhilde wins as reward.
SIEGFRIED
[_Starts up impetuously from his seat._
O lovely song,
Flower-sweet breath!
Thy yearning music
Burns in my breast!
Like leaping flame
It kindles my heart.
What races so swift
Through soul and senses?
Sweetest of friends, O say!
[_He listens._
THE WOOD-BIRD'S VOICE
Grieving yet glad,
Love I am singing;
Blissful, from woe
Weaving my song:
They only who yearn understand.
SIEGFRIED
Forth, forth then,
Swift and rejoicing!
Forth from the wood to the fell!
Just one thing more
I would learn, sweet singer:
Say, shall I break through the fire?
Can I awaken the bride?
[_He listens again._
THE WOOD-BIRD'S VOICE
No coward wins
Brünnhild' for bride,
Or wakes the maid:
Only a heart without fear.
SIEGFRIED [_Shouting with joy._
The foolish boy
Who has never learned fear,
Dear bird, that dullard am I!
To-day I took endless
Trouble in vain,
To find out what fear was from Fafner.
With longing I burn
Now from Brünnhild' to learn it.
What path soonest leads to the fell?
[_The bird flutters up, circles over Siegfried, and
flies hesitatingly before him._
SIEGFRIED
The bird to my goal will guide me.
Fly where thou wilt,
I follow thy flight!
[_He runs after the bird, who for a time flies
uncertainly hither and thither to tease him; at
last he follows him, when, taking a definite
direction towards the back, the bird flies away._
[Illustration]
[Illustration]
THE THIRD ACT
_A wild spot at the foot of a rocky mountain which
rises precipitously at the back on the left. Night,
storm, lightning and violent thunder. The latter
ceases shortly, but the lightning continues to
flash from the clouds for some time. The Wanderer
enters and walks resolutely towards a cavernous
opening in a rock in the foreground, and takes up
his position there, leaning on his spear, while he
calls the following towards the entrance to the
cave._
WANDERER
Waken, Wala!
Wala! Awake!
From thy long sleep,
Slumberer, wake at my call!
I summon thee forth:
Arise! Arise!
From cloud-covered caves
In earth's dim abysses, arise!
Erda! Erda,
Old as the world!
From depths dark and hidden
Rise to the day!
With song I call thee,
I sing to wake thee,
From deep dreams of wisdom
Bid thee arise.
All-knowing one!
Fount of knowledge!
Erda! Erda,
Old as the world!
Waken! Awaken, thou Vala! Awaken!
[_A dim bluish light begins to dawn in the cavern.
In this light Erda, during the following, rises
very gradually from below. She appears to be
covered with hoar-frost, which glitters on her hair
and garments._
ERBA
Loud is the call;
Strong the spell that summons;
I have been roused
From dark and wise dreams:
Who wakes me from my sleep?
WANDERER
'Tis I who awake thee
With song of magic,
That what in slumber
Was folded fast may rise.
The wide earth ranging,
Far I have roamed,
Seeking for knowledge,
Wisdom at fountains primeval.
No one that lives
Is wiser than thou;
Thou knowest all
In the hidden depths,
What moves on hill,
Dale, in water and air.
Where life is found,
There thou art breathing;
And where brains ponder,
There is thy thought.
Men say that all
Knowledge is thine.
That I might ask of thee counsel,
I have called thee from sleep.
ERBA
My sleep is dreaming,
My dreaming brooding,
My brooding wisdom's calm working.
But while I sleep
The Norns are wakeful:
They twine the rope,
And deftly weave what I know.
The Norns thou shouldst have questioned.
WANDERER
In thrall to the world
Sit the Norns weaving;
They cannot alter
What ordained is.
But I would fain
Be taught of thy wisdom
How a wheel on the roll can be stayed.
ERBA
Dark and troubled
My mind grows through men's deeds.
A God once subdued
The Wala's self to his will.
A wish-maiden
I bore to Wotan;
From fields of battle
She brought him slain heroes;
Bold is she
And wise to boot:
Why waken me?
Why seek not counsel
From Erda's and Wotan's child?
WANDERER
The Valkyrie, Brünnhild'?
Meanest thou her?
She flouted the storm-controller,
When, sorely urged, himself he controlled.
What the swayer and lord
Of battles longed for,
What he refrained from
Against his desire,
Brünnhilde, bold,
Rash, over-confident,
When the fight was at fiercest,
Strove for herself to perform.
War-father
Punished the maid:
He pressed slumber into her eyes,
On the flame-girt rock she sleeps.
The hallowed maid
Will waken alone,
That she may love and wed with a man.
Small hope of answer from her.
ERBA
Dazed have I felt
Since I woke;
Wild, confused
Seems the world!
The Valkyrie,
The Wala's child,
Bound lay, fettered by sleep,
While her all-knowing mother slept!
Does revolt's teacher
Chide revolt?
Does the deed he urged to
Anger him, done?
He who guards the right,
To whom vows are sacred,
Hinders the right?--
Reigns through falsehood?
Let me down to the dark,
That my wisdom may slumber!
WANDERER
I will not let thee descend,
For a potent magic I wield.
All-wise one,
Planted by thee
The sting of care was
In Wotan's dauntless heart;
For, through thy wisdom,
Downfall and shameful
Doom were foretold him;
My mind was fettered by fear.
Now let the world's
Wisest of women
Answer and say
How a God may conquer his care.
ERBA
Thou art not
What thou hast said.
Why art thou come, wild and wayward,
To trouble the Wala's sleep?
WANDERER
Thou art not
What thou hast dreamed.
Thy end draws near,
Mother of wisdom;
Thy wisdom at war
With me shall perish.
Knowest thou Wotan's will?
[_A long silence._
I tell thee
That thou mayest sleep
For evermore unvexed by care.
That the Gods are doomed,
No longer dismays me,
Since I will it so.
What, with myself at war, in anguish,
Despairing, once I resolved,
Gaily, gladly,
With delight I now do.
Mad with disgust I decreed once
The world to the Nibelung's hate,
But now to the valiant Wälsung
I leave it with joy.
One who never knew me,
Though chosen by me,
A boy bold and fearless,
Helped not by Wotan,
Has won the Nibelung's ring.
Blest in love,
Void of all envy,
On him shall fall harmless
Alberich's curse,
For no fear does he know.
Soon thy child and mine,
Brünnhild',
Shall be waked by him;
And when waked
Our child shall achieve
A deed to redeem the world.
So slumber again,
Closing thine eyelids;
Dreaming behold my downfall!
Whatever comes after,
The God rejoicing
Yields to youth ever young.
Descend, then, Erda,
Mother of fear!
World-sorrow!
Descend! Descend!
And sleep for aye!
[_Erda, whose eyes are already closed, and who has
gradually been sinking deeper, disappears entirely.
The cavern has become quite dark again._
_Dawn lights up the stage; the storm has ceased.
The Wanderer has gone close to the cave, and leans
with his back against it, facing the wings._
WANDERER
Lo! Yonder Siegfried comes.
[_He remains where he is without changing his
position. Siegfried's wood-bird flutters towards
the foreground. Suddenly the bird stops in his
direct flight, flutters to and fro in alarm, and
disappears quickly towards the back._
SIEGFRIED [_Enters and stops._
My bird has vanished from sight!
With fluttering wings
And lovely song
Blithely he showed me the way,
And then forsook me and fled!
I must discover
The rock for myself:
The path I followed so far
'Twere best still to pursue.
[_He goes towards the back._
WANDERER [_Still in the same position._
Boy, pray tell me,
Whither away?
SIEGFRIED [_Halts and turns round._
Did some one speak?
Perhaps he knows the road.
[_He goes nearer to the Wanderer._
I would find a rock
That by flaming fire is surrounded:
There sleeps a maid
Whom I would awake.
WANDERER
Who bade thee seek
This rock flame-circled?--
Taught thee to yearn for the woman?
SIEGFRIED
It was a singing
Woodland bird;
He gave me welcome tidings.
WANDERER
A wood-bird chatters idly
What no man understands;
How then couldst thou tell
The song's true meaning?
SIEGFRIED
Because of the blood
Of a dragon grim
That fell before me at Neidhöhl'--
The burning blood
Had scarce touched my tongue
When the sense of the singer grew plain.
WANDERER
Who was it urged thee on
To try thy strength,
And slay this dragon so dread?
SIEGFRIED
My guide was Mime,
A faithless dwarf:
What fear is fain he had taught me.
But 'twas the dragon
Roused me himself,
Wrathful, to strike the blow;
For he threatened me with his jaws.
WANDERER
Who forged the sword
So hard and keen
That it slew the daunting foe?
SIEGFRIED
I forged it myself
When the smith was beaten;
Swordless else I should have been still.
WANDERER
But who made
The mighty splinters
From which the sword was welded strong?
SIEGFRIED
What know I of that?
I only know
That the splintered steel was useless
Were not the sword forged anew.
WANDERER
[_Bursts out laughing with gleeful good-humour._
I fully agree.
SIEGFRIED [_Surprised._
At what dost thou laugh?
Prying greybeard!
Prithee have done;
Keep me no longer here talking.
Speak if thou knowest
Whither my way lies;
And hold thy tongue
Unless thou canst tell.
WANDERER
Good boy, have patience!
If I seem old,
More need to show me due honour.
SIEGFRIED
What an odd notion!
My whole life long
A hateful old man
Has blocked my pathway;
Him I at last swept aside.
Standest thou longer
Trying here to stay me,
I warn thee frankly
[_With a significant gesture._
That thou like Mime shalt fare.
[_He goes still nearer to the Wanderer._
But what art thou like?
Why wearest thou
Such a monstrous hat,
And why hangs it so over thy face?
WANDERER [_Still without altering his position._
That is the way I wear it
When against the wind I go.
SIEGFRIED [_Inspecting him still more closely._
But an eye beneath it is wanting.
Perchance by some one
Whose way thou didst
Too boldly bar
It has been struck out.
Take thyself off,
Or else very soon
The other thou shalt lose also!
WANDERER
I see, my son,
Where thou art blind,
And hence thy jaunty assurance.
With the eye that is
Amissing in me
Thou lookest now on the other
That still is left me for sight.
SIEGFRIED
[_Who has been listening thoughtfully, now bursts
involuntarily into hearty laughter._
Thy foolish talk sets me laughing!
But come, this nonsense must finish.
At once show me my way;
Then proceed thou too on thine own;
For me further
Use thou hast none:
So speak, or off thou shalt pack!
WANDERER [_Gently._
Child, didst thou know
Who I am,
Thy scoffs I had been spared!
From one so dear,
Insult hard to endure is.
Long have I loved
Thy radiant race,
Though from my fury
In terror it shrank.
Thou whom I love so,
All too fair one,
Rouse my wrath not to-day;
It would ruin both thee and me.
SIEGFRIED
Still art thou dumb,
Stubborn old man?
Stand to one side, then;
That pathway, I know,
Leads to the slumbering maid;
For thither the wood-bird
Was guiding when he flew off.
[_It suddenly becomes dark again._
WANDERER
[_Breaking out in anger and assuming a commanding
attitude._
In fear of its life it fled.
It knew that here
Was the ravens' lord;
Dire his plight were he caught!
The way that it guided
Thou shalt not go!
SIEGFRIED
[_Amazed, falls hack and assumes a defiant
attitude._
Hoho! Interferer!
Who then art thou
That wilt not let me pass?
WANDERER
Fear thou the rock's defender!
My might it is
Holds the maiden fettered by sleep.
He who would wake her,
He who would win her,
Impotent makes me for ever.
A burning sea
Encircles the maid,
Fires fiercely glowing
Surround the rock;
He who craves the bride
The flames must boldly defy.
[_He points with his spear towards the rocky
heights._
Look up above!
That light dost thou see?
The surging heat,
The splendour, grows;
Clouds of fire rolling,
Tongues of flame writhing,
Roaring and raging,
Come ravening down.
Thy head now
Is flooded with light;
[_A flickering glow, increasing in brightness,
appears on the summit of the rock._
The fire will seize thee,
Seize and devour thee.--
Back, back, there, foolhardy boy!
SIEGFRIED
Stand back, old babbler, thyself!
For where the fire is burning,
To Brünnhilde yonder I go!
[_He advances; the Wanderer bars his way._
WANDERER
Hast thou no fear of the fire,
Then barred by my spear be thy path!
I still hold the haft
That conquers all;
The sword thou dost wield
It shivered long ago:
Upon my spear eternal
Break it once more.
[_He stretches out his spear._
SIEGFRIED [_Drawing his sword._
'Tis my father's foe,
Found here at last!
Now, then, for vengeance!
In luck am I!
Brandish thy spear:
My sword will hew it in twain!
[_With one stroke he hews the Wanderer's spear in
two pieces. Lightning flashes from the spear up
towards the rocks, where the light, until now dim,
begins to flame brighter and brighter. A violent
thunder-clap, which quickly dies away, accompanies
the stroke._
WANDERER
[_Quietly picking up the pieces of the spear which
have fallen at his feet._
Fare on! I cannot prevent thee!
[_He suddenly disappears in utter darkness._
SIEGFRIED
With his spear in splinters
Vanished the coward!
[_The growing brightness of the clouds of fire,
which keep sinking down lower and lower, attracts
Siegfried's eye._
Ha! Rapturous fire! Glorious light! Shining my pathway Opens before me.
In fiery flames plunging, Through fire I will win to the bride! Hoho!
Hahei! To summon a comrade I call!
[_He sets his horn to his lips and plunges into
the fiery billows, which, flowing down from the
heights, now spread over the foreground. Siegfried,
who is soon lost to view, seems, from the sound
of his horn, to be ascending the mountain. The
flames begin to fade, and change gradually into a
dissolving cloud lit by the glow of dawn._
_The thin cloud has resolved itself into a fine
rose-coloured veil of mist, which so divides that
the upper part rises and disappears, disclosing the
bright blue sky of day; whilst on the edge of the
rocky height, now becoming visible (exactly the
same scene as in the third Act of "The Valkyrie"),
a veil of mist reddened by the dawn remains
hanging, which suggests the magic fire still
flaming below. The arrangement of the scene is
exactly the same as at the end of "The Valkyrie."
In the foreground, under a wide-spreading fir-tree,
lies Brünnhilde in full shining armour, her helmet
on her head, and her long shield covering her, in
deep sleep._
SIEGFRIED
[_Coming from the back, reaches the rocky edge of
the summit, and at first shows only the upper part
of his body. He looks round him for a longtime in
amaze. Softly._
Solitude blissful
On sun-caressed height!
[_He climbs to the summit, and, standing on a rock
at the edge of the precipice at the back, gazes at
the scene in astonishment. He looks into the wood
at the side and comes forward a little._
What lies in shadow,
Asleep in the wood?
A charger
Resting in slumber deep.
[_Approaching slowly he stops in surprise when,
still at some little distance from her, he sees
Brünnhilde._
What radiant thing lies yonder?
The steel, how it gleams and glints!
Is it the glare
That dazzles me still?
Shining armour?
Shall it be mine?
[_He lifts up the shield and sees Brünnhilde's
form; her face, however, is for the most part
hidden by her helmet._
Ha! It covers a man!
The sight stirs thoughts sweet and strange!
The helm must lie
Hard on his head;
Lighter lay he
Were it unloosed.
[_He loosens the helmet carefully and removes it
from the head of the sleeper. Long curling hair
breaks forth. Tenderly._
Ah! how fair!
[_He stands lost in contemplation._
Clouds gleaming softly
Fringe with their fleeces
This lake of heaven bright;
Laughing, the glorious
Face of the sun
Shines through the billowy clouds!
[_He bends lower over the sleeper._
His bosom is heaving,
Stirred by his breath;
Ought I to loosen the breastplate?
[_He tries to loosen the breastplate._
Come, my sword,
Cleave thou the iron!
[_He draws his sword and gently and carefully cuts
through the rings on both sides of the breastplate;
he then lifts this off along with the greaves,
so that Brünnhilde now lies before him in a soft
woman's robe. He draws back startled and amazed._
That is no man!
[_He stares at the sleeper, greatly excited._
Magical rapture
Pierces my heart;
Fixed is my gaze,
Burning with terror;
I reel, my heart faints and fails!
[_He is seized with sudden terror._ #/
[Illustration: "Magical rapture
Pierces my heart;
Fixed is my gaze,
Burning with terror;
I reel, my heart faints and fails!"
See p. 86]
On whom shall I call,
For aid imploring?
Mother! Mother!
Remember me!
[_He sinks as if fainting on to Brünnhilde's bosom;
then he starts up sighing._
How waken the maid,
Causing her eyelids to open?
[_Tenderly._
Her eyelids to open?
What if her gaze strike me blind!
How shall I dare
To look on their light?
All rocks and sways
And swirls and revolves;
Uttermost longing
Burns and consumes me;
My hand on my heart,
It trembles and shakes!
What ails thee, coward?
Is this what fear means?
O mother! Mother!
Thy dauntless child!
[_Very tenderly._
A woman lying asleep
Has taught him what fear is at last!
How conquer my fear?
How brace my heart?
That, myself, I waken,
I must waken the sleeper!
[_As he approaches the sleeping figure again he
is overcome by tenderer emotions at the light. He
bends down lower; sweetly._
Softly quivers
Her flower-sweet mouth!
Its lovely trembling
Has charmed my despair!
Ah! And the fragrant,
Blissful warmth of her breath!
[_As if in despair._
Awaken! Awaken,
Maiden divine!
[_He gazes at her._
She hears me not.
New life from the sweetest
Of lips I will suck, then,
Even though kissing I die!
[_He sinks, as if dying, on to the sleeping
figure, and, closing his eyes, fastens his lips on
Brünnhilde's. Brünnhilde opens her eyes. Siegfried
starts up, and remains standing before her._
BRÜNNHILDE
[_Rises slowly to a sitting posture. Raising her
arms, she greets the earth and sky with solemn
gestures on her return to consciousness._
Sun, I hail thee!
Hail, O light!
Hail, O glorious day.
Long I have slept;
I am awake.
What hero broke
Brünnhilde's sleep?
SIEGFRIED
[_Awed and entranced by her look and her voice,
stands as if spellbound._
Through the fierce fires flaming
Round this rock I burst;
I unloosened thy helmet strong:
I awoke thee.
Siegfried am I.
BRÜNNHILDE [_Sitting upright._
Gods, I hail you!
Hail, O World!
Hail, O Earth, in thy glory!
My sleep is over now,
My eyes open.
It is Siegfried
Who bids me wake!
[Illustration: "Sun, I hail thee!
Hail, O light!
Hail, O glorious day!"
See p. 88]
SIEGFRIED
[_Breaking forth in rapturous exaltation._
I hail thee, mother
Who gave me birth!
Hail, O Earth,
That nourished my life
So that I see those eyes
Beam on me, blest among men!
BRÜNNHILDE
I hail the mother
Who gave thee birth!
Hail, O Earth,
That nourished thy life!
No eye dared see me but thine;
To thee alone might I wake!
[_Both remain full of beaming ecstasy, lost in
mutual contemplation._
BRÜNNHILDE
O Siegfried! Siegfried!
Hero most blest!
Of life the awaker,
Conquering light!
O joy of the world, couldst know
How thou wert always loved!
Thou wert my gladness,
My care wert thou!
Thy life I sheltered
Before it was thine;
My shield was thy shelter
Ere thou wert born:
So long loved wert thou, Siegfried!
SIEGFRIED [_Softly and timidly._
My mother did not die, then?
Did the dear one but sleep?
BRÜNNHILDE
[_Smiles and stretches her hand out kindly towards
him._
Adorable child!
Nevermore thy mother will greet thee!
Thyself am I,
If I be blest with thy love.
All things I know
Known not to thee;
Yet only of my love
Born is my wisdom.
O Siegfried! Siegfried!
Conquering light!
I loved thee always,
For I alone
Divined the thought hid by Wotan:
Hidden thought I dared not
So much as utter;
Thought that I thought not,
Feeling it only;
For which I worked,
Battled and strove,
Defying even
Him who conceived it;
For which in penance
Prisoned I lay,
Because thought it was not,
But felt alone!
For what the thought was--
Say, canst thou guess it?--
Was love of thee, nothing but that!
SIEGFRIED
How wondrous sounds
Thy rapturous song!
But dark the meaning to me.
[_Tenderly._
Of thine eyes the splendour
I see plain,
I can feel thee breathing
Soft and warm,
Sweet can hear
The singing of thy voice,
But what thou sayest I strive
Vainly to understand.
I cannot grasp clearly
Things so far distant;
Needed is every sense
To feel and behold thee!
By laming fear
Fettered am I,
For how to fear
Thou hast taught me at last;
Thou who hast bound me
In bonds of such power,
Give me my courage again!
[_He remains in great excitement with his yearning
gaze fixed on her._
BRÜNNHILDE
[_Turns her head gently aside and looks towards the
wood._
I see there Grane,
My sacred horse;
In gladness he grazes
Who slept with me!
He too has by Siegfried been waked.
SIEGFRIED
[_Without changing his position._
My gaze on a mouth
Most lovely is feasting;
My lips are afire
With passionate yearning
For the pasture sweet that I look on!
BRÜNNHILDE
[_Points to her armour, which she now perceives._
I see there the shield
That sheltered heroes;
And there is the helmet
That hid my head:
It shields, it hides me no more!
SIEGFRIED [_With fire._
By a glorious maid
My heart has been hurt
Wounds in my head
A woman has struck:
I came without shield or helm!
BRÜNNHILDE [_With increased sadness._
I see there the breastplate's
Glittering steel;
A keen-edged sword
Sundered the rings,
From the form of the maiden
Loosened the mail:
Nor shelter nor shield is left
To the weak and sorrowful maid!
SIEGFRIED [_With heat._
Through billows of fire
I battled to thee,
No buckler or breastplate
Sheltered or screened;
The flames have won
Their way to my heart;
My blood hot-surging
Rushes and leaps;
A ravening fire
Is kindled within me:
The flames that shone
Round Brünnhilde's rock
Are burning now in my breast!
O maid, extinguish the fire!
Calm the commotion and rage!
[_He has embraced her passionately._
BRÜNNHILDE
[_Springs up, resists him with the utmost strength
of terror, and flies to the other side of the
stage._
No God's touch have I known!
With awe the heroes
Greeted the maiden:
Holy came she from Walhall.
Woe's me! Woe's me!
Woe the affront,
The bitter disgrace!
He wounds me sore
Who waked me from sleep!
He has broken breastplate and helm;
Now I am Brünnhild' no more.
SIEGFRIED
Thou art to me
The dreaming maid still;
Brünnhilde lies
Lapped still in sleep.
Awake, be a woman to me!
BRÜNNHILDE [_Bewildered._
Confused are my senses,
My mind is blank:
Wisdom, dost thou forsake me?
SIEGFRIED
Said not thy song
Thy wisdom drew
Its light from thy love of me?
BRÜNNHILDE [_Staring before her._
Shadows drear-falling
Darken my gaze;
Mine eyes see dimly,
The light dies out,
Deep is the dark.
From dread-haunted mists
Fear in a frenzy
Comes writhing forth;
Terror stalks me
And grows with each stride!
[_She hides her eyes with her hands in violent
terror._
SIEGFRIED
[_Gently removing her hands from her eyes._
Dread lies dark
On eyelids bound;
With the fetters vanish
The fear and gloom;
Rise from the dark and behold:
Bright as the sun is the day.
BRÜNNHILDE [_Much agitated._
Flaunting my shame,
Bright as the sun shines the day!
O Siegfried! Siegfried!
Pity my woe!
I have always
Lived and shall live--
Always in sweet,
Rapturous yearning,
And always to make thee blest!
O Siegfried! Glorious
Wealth of the world!
Laughing hero!
Life of the earth!
Ah, forbear!
Leave me in peace!
Touch me not,
Mad with delirious frenzy!
Break me not,
Bring me not under thy yoke,
Undo not the loved one so dear!
Hast thou rejoiced
Thyself to see
Reflected clear in the stream?
If into wavelets
The water were stirred,
And ruffled the limpid
Calm of the brook,
Thy face would not be there,
Only water's rippling unrest.
So untouched let me stay,
Trouble me not,
And thy face
Mirrored bright in me
Will smile to thee always,
Gay and merry and glad!
O Siegfried,
Radiant child,
Love thyself
And leave me in peace;
O bring not thine own to naught!
SIEGFRIED
I love thee;
Didst thou but love me!
Myself I have lost;
Ah, would thou wert won!
A fair-flowing flood
Before me rolls;
With all my senses
Nothing I see
But buoyant, beautiful billows.
If it refuse
To mirror my face,
Just as I am,
To assuage my fever,
Myself I will plunge
Straight in the stream:--
If only the billows
Would blissfully drown me,
My yearning lost in the flood!
Awaken, Brünnhilde!
Waken, O maid!
Laughing and living,
Sweetest delight,
Be mine! Be mine! Be mine!
BRÜNNHILDE [_With deep feeling._
Thine, Siegfried!
I was from of old!
SIEGFRIED [_With fire._
What thou hast been
That be thou still!
BRÜNNHILDE
Thine I will
Always be!
SIEGFRIED
What thou wilt be
Be thou to-day!
Clasped in my arms
And closely embraced,
Heart upon heart
Beating in rapture,
Glances aglow,
And breath mingled hungrily,
Eye in eye and
Mouth on mouth!
All that thou wert
And wilt be, be thou it now!
The fear and the fever would vanish
Were Brünnhild' now mine!
BRÜNNHILDE
Were I now thine?
Heavenly calm
Is tossing and raging;
Light that was pure
Flames into passion;
Wisdom divine
Forsakes me and flies;
Jubilant love
Has scared it away!
If I be thine?
Siegfried! Siegfried!
Canst thou not see?
By the blaze of my eyes
Thou art not struck blind?
In my arms' embrace
Thou surely must burn!
As my blood like a torrent
Surges and leaps,
The fire fierce-flaming
Dost thou not feel?
Fearest thou, Siegfried?
Fearest thou not
The wild, love-frenzied maid?
SIEGFRIED [_With a shock of joy._
Ha!
As the blood swift-surging is kindled,
As our eyes devour one another,
As our arms cling close in their rapture,
Dauntless again
My courage swells,
And the fear I failed
For so long to learn,
The fear that I scarcely
Learned from thee--
The stupid boy fears
That fear is completely forgot!
[_With the last words he has involuntarily let
Brünnhilde go._
BRÜNNHILDE [_Laughing wildly with joy._
Oh, valorous boy!
Oh, glorious hero!
Unwitting source
Of wonderful deeds!
Laughing, laughing I love thee;
Laughing welcome my blindness;
Laughing let us go doomwards,
Laughing go down to death!
Farewell Walhall's
Radiant world,
Its stately halls
In the dust laid low!
Farewell, glittering
Pomp divine!
End in bliss,
O immortal race!
Norns, rend in sunder
Your rope of runes!
Dusk steal darkly
Over the Gods!
Night of their downfall
Dimly descend!
Now Siegfried's star
Is rising for me;
He is for ever
And for aye,
My wealth, my world,
My all in all:
Love ever radiant,
Laughing death!
SIEGFRIED
[_While Brünnhilde repeats the foregoing, beginning
at "Farewell Walhall's Radiant world."_
Laughing thou wakest,
Thou my delight!
Brünnhilde lives,
Brünnhilde laughs!
Hail, O day
In glory arisen!
Hail, O Sun
That shines from on high!
Hail, O light
From the darkness sprung!
Hail, O world
Where Brünnhilde dwells!
She wakes! She lives!
She greets me with laughter!
Splendour streams
From Brünnhilde's star!
[Illustration: Brünnhilde throws herself into Siegfried's arms. See p.
99]
SIEGFRIED
She is for ever
And for aye
My wealth, my world,
My all in all,
Love ever radiant,
Laughing death!
[_Brünnhilde throws herself into Siegfried's arms.
The curtain falls._
[Illustration]
THE TWILIGHT OF THE GODS
CHARACTERS
SIEGFRIED
GUNTHER
HAGEN
ALBERICH
BRÜNNHILDE
GUTRUNE
WALTRAUTE
THE THREE NORNS
THE RHINE-MAIDENS
VASSALS
WOMEN
SCENES OF ACTION
PRELUDE: ON THE VALKYRIES' ROCK
ACT I. THE HALL OF GUNTHER'S DWELLING ON THE RHINE.
THE VALKYRIES' ROCK