The Fructidor Riots.
Many accounts, more or less authentic, have been published of the events
known to history as the "Fructidor Riots."
But this is how it all happened: at any rate it is the version related
some few days later in England to the Prince of Wales by no less a
personage than Sir Percy Blakeney; and who indeed should know better
than The Scarlet Pimpernel himself?
Déroulède and Juliette Marny were the last of the batch of prisoners who
were tried on that memorable day of Fructidor.
There had been such a number of these, that all the covered carts in use
for the conveyance of prisoners to and from the Hall of Justice had
already been despatched with their weighty human load; thus it was that
only a rough wooden cart, hoodless and rickety, was available, and into
this Déroulède and Juliette were ordered to mount.
It was now close on nine o'clock in the evening. The streets of Paris,
sparsely illuminated here and there with solitary oil lamps swung across
from house to house on wires, presented a miserable and squalid
appearance. A thin, misty rain had begun to fall, transforming the
ill-paved roads into morasses of sticky mud.
The Hall of Justice was surrounded by a howling and shrieking mob, who,
having imbibed all the stores of brandy in the neighbouring drinking
bars, was now waiting outside in the dripping rain for the express
purpose of venting its pent-up, spirit-sodden lust of rage against the
man whom it had once worshipped, but whom now it hated. Men, women, and
even children swarmed round the principal entrances of the Palais de
Justice, along the bank of the river as far as the Pont au Change, and
up towards the Luxembourg Palace, now transformed into the prison, to
which the condemned would no doubt be conveyed.
Along the river-bank, and immediately facing the Palais de Justice, a
row of gallows-shaped posts, at intervals of a hundred yards or more,
held each a smoky petrol lamp, at a height of some eight feet from the
ground.
One of these lamps had been knocked down, and from the post itself there
now hung ominously a length of rope, with a noose at the end.
Around this improvised gallows a group of women sat, or rather squatted,
in the mud; their ragged shifts and kirtles, soaked through with the
drizzling rain, hung dankly on their emaciated forms; their hair, in
some cases grey, and in others dark or straw-coloured, clung matted
round their wet faces, on which the dirt and the damp had drawn weird
and grotesque lines.
The men were restless and noisy, rushing aimlessly hither and thither,
from the corner of the bridge, up the Rue du Palais, fearful lest their
prey be conjured away ere their vengeance was satisfied.
Oh, how they hated their former idol now! Citizen Lenoir, with his broad
shoulders and powerful, grime-covered head, towered above the throng;
his strident voice, with its raucous, provincial accent, could be
distinctly heard above the din, egging on the men, shouting to the
women, stirring up hatred against the prisoners, wherever it showed
signs of abating in intensity.
The coal-heaver, hailing from some distant province, seemed to have set
himself the grim task of provoking the infuriated populace to some
terrible deed of revenge against Déroulède and Juliette.
The darkness of the street, the fast-falling mist which obscured the
light from the meagre oil lamps, seemed to add a certain weirdness to
this moving, seething multitude. No one could see his neighbour. In the
blackness of the night the muttering or yelling figures moved about like
some spectral creatures from hellish regions--the Akous of Brittany who
call to those about to die; whilst the women squatting in the oozing
mud, beneath that swinging piece of rope, looked like a group of ghostly
witches, waiting for the hour of their Sabbath.
As Déroulède emerged into the open, the light from a swinging lantern in
the doorway fell upon his face. The foremost of the crowd recognised
him; a howl of execration went up to the cloud-covered sky, and a
hundred hands were thrust out in deadly menace against him.
It seemed as if they wished to tear him to pieces.
"_A la lanterne! A la lanterne! le traître!_"
He shivered slightly, as if with the sudden blast of cold, humid air,
but he stepped quietly into the cart, closely followed by Juliette.
The strong escort of the National Guard, with Commandant Santerre and
his two drummers, had much ado to keep back the mob. It was not the
policy of the revolutionary government to allow excesses of summary
justice in the streets: the public execution of traitors on the Place de
la Révolution, the processions in the tumbrils, were thought to be
wholesome examples for other would-be traitors to mark and digest.
Citizen Santerre, military commandant of Paris, had ordered his men to
use their bayonets ruthlessly, and, to further overawe the populace, he
ordered a prolonged roll of drums, lest Déroulède took it into his head
to speak to the crowd.
But Déroulède had no such intention: he seemed chiefly concerned in
shielding Juliette from the cold; she had been made to sit in the cart
beside him, and he had taken off his coat, and was wrapping it round her
against the penetrating rain.
The eye-witnesses of these memorable events have declared that, at a
given moment, he looked up suddenly with a curious, eager expression in
his eyes, and then raised himself in the cart and seemed to be trying to
penetrate the gloom round him, as if in search of a face, or perhaps a
voice.
"_A la lanterne! A la lanterne!_" was the continual hoarse cry of the
mob.
Up to now, flanked in their rear by the outer walls of the Palais de
Justice, the soldiers had found it a fairly easy task to keep the crowd
at bay. But there came a time when the cart was bound to move out into
the open, in order to convey the prisoners along, by the Rue du Palais,
up to the Luxembourg Prison.
This task, however, had become more and more difficult every moment. The
people of Paris, who for two years had been told by its tyrants that it
was supreme lord of the universe, was mad with rage at seeing its
desires frustrated by a few soldiers.
The drums had been greeted by terrific yells, which effectually drowned
their roll; the first movement of the cart was hailed by a veritable
tumult.
Only the women who squatted round the gallows had not moved from their
position of vantage; one of these Mægæras was quietly readjusting the
rope, which had got out of place.
But all the men and some of the women were literally besieging the cart,
and threatening the soldiers, who stood between them and the object of
their fury.
It seemed as if nothing now could save Déroulède and Juliette from an
immediate and horrible death.
"_A mort! A mort! A la lanterne les traîtres!_"
Santerne himself, who had shouted himself hoarse, was at a loss what to
do. He had sent one man to the nearest cavalry barracks, but
reinforcements would still be some little time coming; whilst in the
meanwhile his men were getting exhausted, and the mob, more and more
excited, threatened to break through their line at every moment.
There was not another second to be lost.
Santerre was for letting the mob have its way, and he would willingly
have thrown it the prey for which it clamoured; but orders were orders,
and in the year I. of the Revolution it was not good to disobey.
At this supreme moment of perplexity he suddenly felt a respectful touch
on his arm.
Close behind him a soldier of the National Guard--not one of his own
men--was standing at attention, and holding a small, folded paper in his
hand.
"Sent to you by the Minister of Justice," whispered the soldier
hurriedly. "The citizen-deputies have watched the tumult from the Hall;
they say, you must not lose an instant."
Santerre withdrew from the front rank, up against the side of the cart,
where a rough stable lantern had been fixed. He took the paper from the
soldier's hand, and, hastily tearing it open, he read it by the dim
light of the lantern.
As he read, his thick, coarse features expressed the keenest
satisfaction.
"You have two more men with you?" he asked quickly.
"Yes, citizen," replied the man, pointing towards his right; "and the
Citizen-Minister said you would give me two more."
"You'll take the prisoners quietly across to the Prison of the Temple
--you understand that?"
"Yes, citizen; Citizen Merlin has given me full instructions. You can
have the cart drawn back a little more under the shadow of the portico,
where the prisoners can be made to alight; they can then be given into my
charge. You in the meantime are to stay here with your men, round the
empty cart, as long as you can. Reinforcements have been sent for, and
must soon be here. When they arrive you are to move along with the cart,
as if you were making for the Luxembourg Prison. This manoeuvre will
give us time to deliver the prisoners safely at the Temple."
The man spoke hurriedly and peremptorily, and Santerne was only too
ready to obey. He felt relieved at thought of reinforcements, and glad
to be rid of the responsibility of conducting such troublesome
prisoners.
The thick mist, which grew more and more dense, favoured the new
manoeuvre, and the constant roll of drums drowned the hastily given
orders.
The cart was drawn back into the deepest shadow of the great portico,
and whilst the mob were howling their loudest, and yelling out frantic
demands for the traitors, Déroulède and Juliette were summarily ordered
to step out of the cart. No one saw them, for the darkness here was
intense.
"Follow quietly!" whispered a raucous voice in their ears as they did
so, "or my orders are to shoot you where you stand."
But neither of them had any wish for resistance. Juliette, cold and
numb, was clinging to Déroulède, who had placed a protecting arm round
her.
Santerne had told off two of his men to join the new escort of the
prisoners, and presently the small party, skirting the walls of the
Palais de Justice, began to walk rapidly away from the scene of the
riot.
Déroulède noted that some half-dozen men seemed to be surrounding him
and Juliette, but the drizzling rain blurred every outline. The
blackness of the night too had become absolutely dense, and in the
distance the cries of the populace grew more and more faint.