A N D we do likewise give and grant unto the said _William Penn_, and to
his Heirs, and their Deputies and Lieutenants, full Power and Authority,
to appoint and establish any Judges and Justices, Magistrates and other
Officers whatsoever, for what Causes soever, (for the Probates of Wills,
and for the granting of Administrations within the Precincts aforesaid)
and with what Power soever, and in such Form, as to the said _William
Penn_ or his Heirs, shall seem most convenient: Also to remit, release,
pardon, and abolish (whether before Judgment or after) all Crimes and
Offences whatsoever, committed within the said Country, against the said
Laws, (Treason and wilful and malicious Murder only excepted, and in
those Cases to grant Reprieves, until our Pleasure may be known therein)
and to do all and every other Thing and Things, which unto the compleat
Establishment of Justice unto Courts and Tribunals, Forms of Judicature,
and Manner of Proceedings do belong, although in these Presents express
Mention be not made thereof; and by Judges by them delegated, to award
Process, hold Pleas, and determine in all the said Courts and Tribunals
all Actions, Suits, and Causes whatsoever, as well criminal as civil,
personal, real, and mixt; which Laws so, as aforesaid, to be published,
our Pleasure is, and so we enjoin, require, and command, shall be most
absolute and available in Law; and that all the Liege People and
Subjects of us, our Heirs and Successors, do observe and keep the same
inviolably in those Parts, so far as they concern them, under the Pain
therein expressed, or to be expressed. P R O V I D E D nevertheless,
That the same Laws be consonant to Reason, and not repugnant or
contrary, but (as near as conveniently may be) agreeable to the Laws and
Statutes, and Rights of this our Kingdom of _England_, and saving and
reserving to us, our Heirs and Successors, the receiving, hearing, and
determining of the Appeal and Appeals of all or any Person or Persons,
of, in, or belonging to the Territories aforesaid, or touching any
Judgment to be there made or given.