OLD-TIME LOVE AND RELIGION
Enough has been recorded to show the general character of Cooperstown as
it existed at the close of the eighteenth century. A more intimate view
of its life at this period is suggested by a package of faded letters,
some of which are here printed, not as supplying historical data, for in
this they are quite lacking, but because whoever reads them with
imagination begins to breathe the atmosphere of the time of their
writing, and in the charm of their feminine confidences discovers a side
of frontier life that is not otherwise revealed.
The letters were written to Chloe Fuller, who visited in Cooperstown for
some years at the home of Dr. Thomas Fuller. The doctor's wife before
her marriage, although not related to him, had the same family name, and
Chloe Fuller was her younger sister. Chloe Fuller became celebrated as a
village belle, and it was said that she had more beaus in constant
attendance than any other girl in Otsego. Dr. Fuller was a favorite with
two generations of young men in the village, for he had also two young
daughters, who, a few years later, became noted for their qualities of
mind and daintiness of apparel. Eliza and Emma Fuller were
blue-stockings who knew the value of pretty bonnets and gowns. In the
early days of the Presbyterian church, the sabbath splendor of their
entrance at divine service, always a little late, and with the necessity
of being ushered to the very front pew, divided the devotion of the
worshippers. Eliza Fuller became the wife of Judge Morehouse, and
established the traditional hospitality of Woodside Hall.
[Illustration: _Forrest D. Coleman_
THE WORTHINGTON HOMESTEAD]
Chloe Fuller married Trumbull Dorrance, a descendant of Governor
Jonathan Trumbull of Connecticut, and her daughter, becoming the wife
of John R. Worthington, was long identified with Cooperstown as mistress
of the White House, the Worthington homestead built in 1802 on Main
street. The letters belong to the period of Chloe Fuller's girlhood:
ELIZA MACDONALD TO CHLOE FULLER.
Albany, November 20th, 1798.
Believe me, my very dear Friend, that your letter by Mr.
Williams afforded me great pleasure in the perusal, and it
should most undoubtedly have been answered 'ere now had not I
been deprived of opportunities; and at all events I must write
by the _good Man_! I think the epithet you bestowed a very
judicious one--but I really believe, Chloe, you have made a
conquest there--when he delivered me your letter, 'It is from
Miss Chloe,' said he with a (methought) significant smile.
I have been well ever since my departure. Now and then the
involuntary sigh escapes when my imagination presents me
Cooperstown, and some of its dear inhabitants! I already long
to see you all. Oh! for an hour with your sister and you.
My dear Chloe, convince me that I am sometimes present to your
memory by writing long and frequent letters. Don't wait for
answers. Write whenever you find a conveyance; and I shall
with pleasure follow your example.
'Tis past one o'clock. Let my writing at this late, or rather,
early hour convince you that I wish to cultivate a
correspondence with you. I must quit. So Good night, my
friend. May Jove grant you pleasant dreams, and may Heavenly
blessings enliven your waking hours is the wish of your
sincerely affectionate Friend.
ELIZA.
ELIZA MACDONALD TO CHLOE FULLER.
Albany, Novbr. 28th. 1798
Just before we sat down to Tea, Mr. French called and brought
your letter. I immediately recognized the already well-known
hand of my fondly remembered Friend. I was all impatience to
open it, which out of politeness I dispensed with till his
departure.
I was highly gratified with the perusal! Happy, my Chloe,
should I esteem myself were it in my power to 'revive your
drooping spirits'. But why, my dear Friend, are they drooping?
What is the cause? Believe me, nothing but my friendship for
you induces me to interrogate you so; and let me beg you in
the name of friendship to answer me candidly. You may, my dear
Friend, unbosom yourself to me. I shall sympathize with you
and make your griefs mine. I wish you would write fully, and
long letters. This time I will excuse you, but let me beg of
you not to wait till an opportunity is going--but when you
retire to your chamber think of Eliza, and dedicate a few
moments to writing, since we can no longer chat together.
I am happy to hear you have found so agreeable an acquaintance
as Miss Cooper. I doubt not but that I should like her. So you
were a sleighing with the Doctor? Remember there are two
Doctors in Cooperstown, and you leave me to conjecture which!
You would make me believe Mr. K.---- sometimes talks of me. I
fear it is only when you remind him that there is such a
person in existence.
Mr. Ten Broeck spent the evening with us. He brought me a
letter from my Father. By his conversation I understand Mr.
K.---- will not be in Albany this year!
The clock has already struck one; my eyes feel quite heavy; my
writing will evince this. My best respects to the Miss
Williams. I hope you are intimate with them. They are fine
women! A close intimacy with them will convince you of this.
Tell Mrs. Morgan, Delia, and all those whom love will make me
remember, that I very frequently think of them. Good night!
Pleasant dreams to you! I will endeavor to dream of you and
some others in Cooperstown who are dear to the heart of
Your unfeigned Friend, ELIZA.
'Oh Night more pleasing than the fairest day:
'When Fancy gives, what Absence takes away!'
P. S. I have sent all over the City, but cannot procure any
ingrained silks of the color you intended to work your shawl.
Should you fancy any other, let me know, and I will with
pleasure send it. Accept of this ribbon for the sake of Eliza,
who wishes oft she was with you.
ELIZA MACDONALD TO CHLOE FULLER.
Friday night, December 28th, 1798.
My dear Chloe,
Mr. Williams delivered me your short yet pleasing letter.... I
hope you passed Christmas agreeably.... I can assure you I
did, being favored with the company of Mr. K. and his sister.
I regret that her stay in town is so short. Ever since her
arrival my time has been so occupied that my moments for
writing were few. Tis now late--they leave early in the
morning--so you must accept a few lines this time. I have sent
my little namesake a New Year's frock, which I beg your sister
will let her accept of. The ribbon I before mentioned
accompanies this. Good night--and Happy New Year to you all.
Write soon, and a long letter. Remember me to my friends, and
think of
Yours affectionately and in great haste, ELIZA.
ELIZA MACDONALD TO CHLOE FULLER.
Albany, February 10, 1799.
Why, my dear Chloe, do you preserve this long silence? To
forgetfulness of me, or want of affection I dare not impute
it, for even the most distant idea of this is too painful. No,
I will judge more favorably of my lovely Friend, and think
want of time has been hitherto the cause. Yet let me urge you
not to continue this painful silence, but think of, and write
to your absent friend. Cooperstown and its inhabitants will
ever afford a pleasing subject to Eliza. Tell me how you spend
your time, your most intimate companions, whether you often
see my father, and if any of my friends ever talk of me....
All our family is now in bed, yet cannot I let Mr. Strong go
without writing a few lines. I wish you felt as anxious to
write me.
Does your Hat please you? I am almost afraid it will not, tho'
I know I have used my utmost endeavors. If it does not, you
must take the _Will_ for the _Deed_.
My best love to your dear Sister. Kiss my little namesake for
me. Remember me to all enquiring friends, and think of me as
ever
Your truly affectionate
ELIZA.
Mr. Kent is still at Poughkeepsie; it I fear has more powerful
attractions than Albany.
HANNAH COOPER TO CHLOE FULLER.
My dear Chloe--Your sister informs me--she sets out to-morrow
upon her visit to you. I profit by her going to write a few
lines to you. I have nothing very material to
communicate--except that I often think of you--and continue to
love you--which I hope you did not doubt--before I mentioned
it.
We jog along much after the old way here--you know there are
but three articles of news worth
mentioning--Births--Deaths--and Marriages--for this last you
know we were never renowned--from the second, thank Heaven, we
are in a great measure exempted, and atone by the multitude of
our first--for the deficiency of both.
We have some hopes of seeing you this Winter--either with your
sister or by another mode--which I hope may be better--A
certain Person--who occasionally visited Coopers Town--has not
been here lately--it consoles me, though, that whilst his back
is turned upon us--he is looking the right way. Come then, my
child, and be induced by his looks, or smiles, or attentions,
to make us another visit--We will meet you with smiles and
pleasure--Mama desires to be remembered to your Mother. The
Boys send their love to Norvey--and I--my dear Chloe--beg to
be thought of--by you--with affection--and that you will
accept of much love from
HANNAH COOPER.
Coopers Town, January 5th, 1800.
ELIZA MACDONALD TO CHLOE FULLER.
Cooperstown, August 4th. 1801.
My beloved Chloe,
Again I date my letter from this place in which I formed for
you that friendship which neither revolving time, change of
place or circumstances has been able to alter. Would that I
had you as personally at my side as your dear image is
constantly present to my imagination. Perhaps now that I am on
the verge of departure it is happier for me that you are more
remote, as parting with you would prove an additional pang to
that which I now feel at the thought of leaving my respected
friend, your dear, dear Sister. I have been here three weeks
yesterday, and expect in a few minutes more to take my exit.
You will say, perhaps, my stay is short compared to my former
ones. It is so, but, Chloe, ah! how fast our friends decrease!
Our mutual friend, our pious pattern!--Miss Cooper--is here no
more! narrow is the cell in which her lovely form is laid! but
her mind, her soul, I trust is gone to a soil more kind, more
congenial, to a Friend in whom while here its best affections
and confidences appear'd to be placed! In every place in which
I used to meet with her--in her Father's Hall, which she
highly graced--the vacant chair, the trifling conversation, my
own absence of mind tell me, death has robbed me of a treasure
that empires cannot give! Reflection, however, and daily
experience, not only inspire me with resignation to the Wise
Ruler of all events, but fill me with gratitude that God in
compassion has removed her from a scene of afflictions, from
new trials, from growing evils, which a tender sensibility
like hers too keenly felt long to survive.
Richard, you may have heard, has married one of Col. Cary's
Daughters--Nancy--a young, giddy Girl. I fear she will never
supply the place of a Daughter to Mrs. Cooper! I have hardly a
fonder desire for you or for myself than that we might be and
live like her, whose memory, I trust, we shall ever
cherish....
But, Chloe, a word or two about yourself. Are not you almost
married? You are so far away there is no such thing as hearing
about it. Miss Betsy Williams is well & speaks of you with
affection. Nancy at present is in Trenton. Do let me hear from
you soon. I must go. Burn this scrawl. Kiss little Mary for
me. Adieu. May God bless you and your truly affectionate
friend
ELIZA MACDONALD.
Hannah Cooper was Judge Cooper's eldest daughter, of whom Fenimore
Cooper afterward wrote that she "was perhaps as extensively and
favorably known in the middle states as any female of her years." In
1795, when she was seventeen years of age, Talleyrand was a guest at
Otsego Hall, and the following acrostic on Hannah Cooper's name is
attributed to the pen of the celebrated diplomat:
Aimable philosophe au printemps de son âge,
Ni les temps, ni les lieus n'altèrent son esprit;
Ne cèdent qu' à ses goûts simples et sans étalage,
Au milieu des deserts, elle lit, pense, écrit.
Cultivez, belle Anna, votre goût pour l'étude;
On ne saurait ici mieux employer son temps;
Otsego n'est pas gai--mais, tout est habitude;
Paris vous déplairait fort au premier moment;
Et qui jouit de soi dans une solitude,
Rentrant au monde, est sûr d'en faire l'ornement.
Hannah Cooper afterward attended school in New York City, and passed the
winter of 1799 in Philadelphia while her father was a member of
Congress. Also a member of that Congress was William Henry Harrison,
later the hero of Tippecanoe, and afterward President of the United
States. In this connection Fenimore Cooper, just before Harrison's
inauguration as President, uncovered a long forgotten bit of romance
which he related confidentially in a letter to his old mess-mate
Commodore Shubrick as a "great political discovery." "Miss Anne Cooper
was lately in Philadelphia,"--the letter is dated February 28,
1841,--"where she met Mr. Thomas Biddle, who asked if our family were
not Harrison men. The reason of so singular a question was asked, and
Mr. Biddle answered that in 1799 Mr. Harrison was dying with love for
Miss Cooper, that he (Mr. Biddle) was his confidant, and that he
_thinks_ but does not _know_ that he was refused. If not refused it was
because he was not encouraged to propose.... Don't let this go any
further, however. I confess to think all the better of the General for
this discovery, for it shows that he had forty years ago both taste and
judgment in a matter in which men so often fail."[69]
In the twenty-third year of her age, Hannah Cooper was killed by a fall
from a horse, September 10, 1800. She and her brother, Richard Fenimore
Cooper, had set out on horseback to pay a visit at the home of General
Jacob Morris at Butternuts (now Morris), some twenty miles from
Cooperstown, and having arrived within about a mile of their
destination, the horse on which Miss Cooper rode took fright at a little
dog, which rushed forth barking from a farm house, and Miss Cooper was
thrown against the root of a tree, being almost instantly killed. Her
brother rode back to Cooperstown with the sad news.
A monument still stands near the public highway to mark the spot where
Miss Cooper met her death. She had many admirers, but the inscription on
this monument is said to have been written by her best beloved, Moss
Kent, referred to in Eliza MacDonald's letters.
Hannah Cooper's tomb in Christ churchyard, within the Cooper family
plot, is inscribed with some plaintive verses that her father composed
and caused to be carved upon the slab, with the singular omission of her
name, which was not added until many years afterward.
Miss Cooper was a perfect type of the kind of feminine piety most
admired in her day. She shared largely in the benevolences of her
father, and was often seen on horseback carrying provisions to the poor
people of the settlement. "She visited the prisoners in the jail
frequently, giving them books, and sometimes talked with them through
the grates of their windows, endeavoring to impress upon their minds the
truths of morality and religion. By her winning, tender and persuasive
conversation, their hard hearts, at times, were deeply affected."
This elder sister of the novelist was the first tutor of his childhood,
and he held her memory in great reverence. In the preface of a reprint
of _The Pioneers_ Cooper took occasion to deny a statement that in the
character of the heroine of his romance he had delineated his sister, a
suggestion in which he seemed to find a serious reflection upon his
fineness of feeling. "Circumstances rendered this sister singularly dear
to the author," he wrote. "After a lapse of half a century, he is
writing this paragraph with a pain that would induce him to cancel it,
were it not still more painful to have it believed that one whom he
regarded with a reverence that surpassed the love of a brother, was
converted by him into the heroine of a work of fiction."
Although Hannah Cooper was thus excluded, by her brother's delicacy,
from the place which rumor had assigned to her among the characters of
his first Leather-Stocking tale, her name is commemorated in the actual
scene of the story, for the pine-clad summit which overlooks the village
of Cooperstown from the west is still called in her honor, "Hannah's
Hill."
The position of the grave that lies next south of Hannah Cooper's tomb
in Christ churchyard is a tribute to the reverent affection which she
inspired. It is the grave of Colonel Richard Cary, one of General
Washington's aides, and his burial in a plot otherwise exclusively
reserved for interments of the Cooper family is attributed by tradition
to Colonel Cary's fervent admiration for the piety of Hannah Cooper.
Colonel Cary at the close of the Revolutionary War settled in
Springfield, at the head of Otsego Lake. Often a visitor in Cooperstown
he became acquainted with Miss Cooper, and was inspired by a devotion to
her character entirely becoming in a man old enough to be her father,
and already blessed with a family of his own. He is described as "an
upright, well-bred and agreeable gentleman, possessed of wit and genius,
and good humor." Six years after Hannah Cooper's death Colonel Cary
suffered severe reverses of fortune, and was "put on the limits," as the
penalty of unpaid debt was then described, being an exile from his home
in Springfield, and required to remain within the village bounds of
Cooperstown. As winter drew on Colonel Cary died. His dying request was
that he might be buried near Miss Cooper's grave, "for," he said,
"nobody can more surely get to Heaven than by clinging to the skirts of
Hannah Cooper!"
At Hannah Cooper's funeral a singularly noble and picturesque character
was brought into the history of Cooperstown, for the officiating
clergyman was Father Nash, who then for the first time held service in
the village, and afterward became the first rector of Christ Church,
being for forty years the most noted apostle of religion in Otsego
county.
During the first ten years of the existence of the village, the people
depended on rare visits of missionaries for the little religious
instruction they received. The settlers in the region were divided as to
religious faith; the Presbyterians, though the most numerous, were the
least able to offer financial support for any regular religious
establishment. Missionaries occasionally penetrated to this spot, and
now and then a travelling Baptist, or a Methodist, preached in a tavern,
schoolhouse or barn. On August 28, 1795, a letter appeared in the
_Otsego Herald_ deploring the general indifference to religion which
prevailed in the settlement, and calling for a public meeting to
organize a church congregation. The Rev. Elisha Mosely, a Presbyterian
minister, was thereupon engaged for six months, and during that period
held the first regular religious services in Cooperstown. He preached
the first Thanksgiving sermon in the village, on November 26, 1795, in
the Court House.
Through the vigorous efforts of the Rev. Nathaniel Stacy, an itinerant
preacher, the doctrine of Universalism gained a strong foothold in this
region. Under his ministrations the society at Fly Creek was organized
in 1805, said to be the first society of the Universalist denomination
established in this State. Stacy was a man of small stature, a rapid
speaker, full of Biblical quotations, apt in comparing the Old and New
Testaments, and happy in the use of vivid illustrations. The vehemence
and rapidity of his utterance sometimes sprinkled with saliva the
hearers seated near him, which gave occasion for a famous taunt flung at
Ambrose Clark, one of Stacy's converts and an early settler of
Pierstown, when his brother Abel said that "Ambrose had rather be spit
upon by Stacy than to hear the gospel preached."
In 1797, the Rev. Thomas Ellison, rector of St. Peter's Church, Albany,
with the Patroon, both regents of the university of the State, visited
the Cherry Valley academy, and then extended their journey to
Cooperstown, where Dr. Ellison held service and preached in the Court
House. This was the first time that the services of the Episcopal Church
were held in the village. Dr. Ellison was an Englishman, a graduate of
Oxford, a king's man, and a staunch defender of the Church against all
dissent. He was a sporting parson, of convivial habits, and after his
first visit to Cooperstown frequently enjoyed the hospitality of Judge
Cooper, whom he joined in sundry adventures.
The Presbyterians and Congregationalists in and about Cooperstown
formed themselves into a legal society on December 29, 1798. This church
was regularly organized with the Rev. Isaac Lewis, a Presbyterian
minister, as pastor, on October 1, 1800, and the Presbyterian
organization has ever since continuously existed in Cooperstown. The
Presbyterian church building was erected in 1805, and has not been
materially altered since 1835, when some changes in the structure were
made. The carpenters who built the church were twin brothers, Cyrus and
Cyrenus Clark. They were assisted by Edmund Pearsall, who was noted for
his rapid work and skill, as well as for his daring exploits at
"raisings." When the steeple of the church was raised Pearsall astounded
the village by standing on his head on the top of one of the posts near
the summit.
The pastor of this church for more than twenty years during its early
days was the Rev. John Smith, a tall, strongly-built man, who loomed
large in the pulpit as a champion of old-fashioned orthodoxy. His manner
of delivery was soporific, his voice thick and monotonous, but none
could gainsay the learning and intellectual power of his discourses.
Mony Groat was sexton of the church. He performed also the office of
policeman in the gallery during the service, going about with a cane,
and rapping the heads of disorderly boys. In winter his duties were
multiplied. The church was heated by a stove placed above the middle
alley, supported by a platform sustained upon four posts, and those
having pews near the pulpit had to walk directly underneath. Several
times during the service on cold days the sexton used to come up the
aisle with his ladder and basket of fuel, place his ladder in position,
mount the platform, replenish the fire, descend the ladder, and make his
exit, ladder and all.
Perhaps because it was the first church edifice in the village the
Presbyterian church came into use sometimes for celebrations of a civic
nature. The first Otsego County Fair, Tuesday, October 14, 1817, was
held in this house of worship. The Otsego County Agricultural Society
had been organized in January of that year, and the officers of the
first fair were: president, Jacob Morris; recording secretary, John H.
Prentiss; corresponding secretary, James Cooper, who had not yet begun
his literary career.
The exercises in the church followed an elaborate programme, including
prayers, vocal and instrumental music, and the formal award of premiums.
After the premiums had been awarded the corresponding secretary read a
letter from Governor Dewitt Clinton which accompanied a bag of wheat
that had been "raised by Gordon S. Mumford, Esq., on his farm on the
island of New York." While this letter was being read by James Cooper
the bag of wheat was brought to the pulpit of the church, and deposited
at the foot of it.
Within the Presbyterian burying ground, at the rear of the church, lie
the remains of some of the best known of the early settlers. A strange
perversity of fate, however, has singled out for the attention of the
tourist a tombstone that has no other claim to distinction than a
surprising feature of the epitaph. This tallish slab of marble stands
not far from the northeast corner of the burying ground. It is decorated
at the top with the conventionally chiseled outlines of urn and weeping
willow, and bears an inscription in memory of "Mrs. Susannah, the wife
of Mr. Peter Ensign, who died July 18, 1825, aged 54 years," and whose
praises are sung in some verses that begin with this astonishing
comment:
"Lord, she is thin!"
It seems that the stonecutter omitted a final "e" in the last word, and
tried in vain to squeeze it in above the line.
The permanent legal establishment of Christ Church was made on January
1, 1811, when a meeting was held "in the Brick church in Cooperstown,"
and it was resolved "that this church be known hereafter by the name and
title of Christ's Church."
The erection of the brick church had been commenced in 1807, and it was
consecrated in 1810. The present nave, exclusive of the transept and
chancel, is of the original structure. In the sacristy of the church a
wooden model may be seen, made by G. Pomeroy Keese, showing both
exterior and interior of the church as it existed in 1810.
The Methodists held occasional services in the village for many years,
and erected their first church, not far from the site of their present
building, in 1817.
The Universalists were organized in Cooperstown on April 26, 1831, with
the Rev. Job Potter as pastor. On the site of the old Academy, which had
been destroyed by fire, their house of worship was erected in 1833, and
stands practically unchanged at the present time. That there was a
somewhat strong rivalry between the Universalists and the Presbyterians,
whose places of worship stand so near to each other on the same street,
is suggested by an incident which occurred during the Rev. Job Potter's
pastorate. The Universalists had organized a Sunday School picnic, and
the children had gathered at the church in goodly numbers. The sidewalk
was thronged. A procession was formed, headed by the ice cream cans,
together with sundry huge baskets, all appetizingly displayed. Just as
the procession was about to move down the hill to embark for Three-Mile
Point, a small-sized Universalist, stirred by generous impulse, hailed
young Dick, a small-sized Presbyterian, who stood on the opposite side
of the street gazing with assumed stoicism on the fascinating pageant.
"Hello, Dick! Come up to our picnic. We're going to have ice cream and
cake and pies, and lots of good things."
To this cordial invitation Dick, thrusting his clenched fists deep into
his pockets, responded at the top of his voice:
"No, sir-ee! I believe in a hell!"[70]
As early as the beginning of the nineteenth century the Baptists were
accustomed to immerse their converts with appropriate services near
Council Rock. They organized on January 21, 1834, with the Rev. Lewis
Raymond as pastor. Their church building was erected during the next
year.
[Illustration: CHRIST CHURCH]
The Roman Catholic congregation was organized in September, 1847, with
the Rev. Father Kilbride as pastor. Their first church was built in
1851, at the corner of Elm and Susquehanna streets. The present St.
Mary's Church, the "Church of Our Lady of the Lake," was built in 1867.
Toward the middle of the century the three most conspicuous steeples in
the village scene were those of Christ Church, the Presbyterian, and
the Baptist. From the shape of their towers, which have since been
modified, they were known as the "Casters," and distinguished as salt,
pepper, and mustard respectively.[71]
The land for the Presbyterian church as well as for Christ Church was
given by Judge Cooper. Within Christ churchyard he reserved a space,
including his daughter's grave, as a family burial plot, where he
himself was buried in 1809, cut down in the full vigor of his fifty-five
years. While leaving a political meeting in Albany, as he was descending
the steps of the old state capitol, after a session abounding in stormy
debate, Judge Cooper was struck on the head with a walking stick by a
political opponent, and died as a result of the blow.
Judge Cooper was originally a Quaker, but that he afterward found
himself out of sympathy with the Society of Friends is shown in a formal
document by which his relations to that denomination were severed. He
was instrumental in the erection of Christ Church, for a letter written
by him shows that he conducted the negotiations with the corporation of
Trinity parish, New York, which, in 1806, gave $1,500 toward the
construction of the edifice. An obituary notice published in the
_Cooperstown Federalist_ at the time of his death says that Judge Cooper
"was thoroughly persuaded of the truth of Revelation."
The rood-screen in Christ Church commemorates Judge Cooper, and a
dignified sarcophagus covers his grave in the churchyard. Recalling the
story of his career, one is disposed to claim for his simple epitaph a
share of the attention bestowed upon the tomb of his more illustrious
son. For here lies the foremost pioneer of Cooperstown, notable among
the frontiersmen of America.
FOOTNOTES:
[Footnote 69: _James Fenimore Cooper_, by Mary E. Phillips, p. 15.]
[Footnote 70: _Reminiscences_, Elihu Phinney, 1890.]
[Footnote 71: _A few Omitted Leaves in the History of Cooperstown_, G.
Pomeroy Keese, 1907.]