Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1896, SS. 185, 735.
Footnote 405:
“La sérothérapie de la fièvre typhoïde,” Bruxelles, 1896.
Footnote 406:
_Bull. Soc. méd. d. hôp._, Paris, 1893, 27 janvier.
Footnote 407:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1896, I^{te} Abt.,
Bd. XIX, S. 51; _Festschr. z. 100 jähr. Stiftungsfeier d. med. chir.
Friedr. Wilh. Instituts_, 1895.
Footnote 408:
_Hygien. Rundschau_, Berlin, 1894, IV Jahrg., SS. 97, 145.
Footnote 409:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1899, S. 6.
Footnote 410:
“Typhusepidemien und Trinkwasser,” Jena, 1898, S. 26.
Footnote 411:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 298.
Footnote 412:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1892, S. 970.
Footnote 413:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1893, t. VII p. 411.
Footnote 414:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1894, Bd. XVI, S. 268.
Footnote 415:
See Lazarus, _Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1892, S. 1072.
Footnote 416:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1896, Bd. XXIII, S. 149.
Footnote 417:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1902, t. XVI, p. 94.
Footnote 418:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1901, S. 4.
Footnote 419:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1901, t. XV, p. 209.
Footnote 420:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1896, Bd. XXI, S. 203.
Footnote 421:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1892, t. VI, p. 300.
Footnote 422:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1895, Bd. XIX, S. 82.
Footnote 423:
[_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1895, Bd. XVIII, S.
744]; _Rir. d’Ig. e San. Pubbl._, Torino, 1896, t. VII, nos. 18–19;
_ibid._ 1901, t. XII, p. 212.
Footnote 424:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1895, t. IX, p. 785.
Footnote 425:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1897, Bd. XXV, S. 301.
Footnote 426:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1899, Bd. XXXI, S. 89.
Footnote 427:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1901, t. XV, p. 769.
Footnote 428:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1897, Bd. XXIV, S. 327.
Footnote 429:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1900, S. 781.
Footnote 430:
“La Malaria secondo le nuove recherche,” Roma, 1899, p. 86 [translated
into English by Eyre from the 2nd Italian edition under the title
“Malaria according to the new researches,” London, 1900]. “Die
Malaria” [German translation of same] in Behring’s “Beiträge z. exper.
Therapie,” 1900, Bd. I, Hft. 3.
Footnote 431:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 343.
Footnote 432:
“La ‘Tristeza’ ou Malaria bovine dans la République Argentine,” Buenos
Ayres, 1900, p. 142.
Footnote 433:
_Bull. Soc. centr. de méd. vétérin._, Paris, 1900, séances des 12 et
26 juillet.
Footnote 434:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1892, t. VI, p. 321.
Footnote 435:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1894, t. VIII, p. 1; _Arch. de méd.
expér._, Paris, 1898, t. X, p. 725; _Arch. russes de Path._ &c., St
Pétersb., 1898.
Footnote 436:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1901, t. XV, p. 615.
Footnote 437:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1900, t. XIV, p. 802.
Footnote 438:
“Untersuchungen über die Aetiologie der Wundinfectionskrankheiten,”
Leipzig, 1878. [Translated into English in the New Sydenham Society’s
Series, London, 1880, Vol. LXXXVIII, under the title “On Traumatic
Infective Diseases.”]
Footnote 439:
_Arb. a. d. K. Gsndhtsamt._, Berlin, 1885, Bd. I, S. 46.
Footnote 440:
_Arb. a. d. K. Gsndhtsamt._, Berlin, 1885, Bd. I, S. 57.
Footnote 441:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1883, t. XCVII, p. 1163.
Footnote 442:
_La Cellule_, Lierre et Louvain, 1895, t. XI, p. 177.
Footnote 443:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1887, t. I, p. 42.
Footnote 444:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1889–1891.
Footnote 445:
“Essai d’une théorie de l’infection.” Berlin, 1890.
Footnote 446:
Charrin, _Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1890, pp. 203, 332;
Roger, _ibid._, 1890, p. 573, and _Rev. gén. d. sc. pures et appliq._,
Paris, 1891, p. 410.
Footnote 447:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1893, t. VII, p. 273.
Footnote 448:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1893, t. VII, p. 231.
Footnote 449:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 177.
Footnote 450:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 481.
Footnote 451:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1901, t. XV, p. 769.
Footnote 452:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1880, t. XC, p. 1033.
Footnote 453:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1899, p. 432.
Footnote 454:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1880, t. XC, p. 1526.
Footnote 455:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1890, p. 294.
Footnote 456:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1890, t. IV, p. 563.
Footnote 457:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1892, t. VI, p. 295.
Footnote 458:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1891, p. 157.
Footnote 459:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1898, Bd. XXVII, S. 272.
Footnote 460:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1898, S. 209.
Footnote 461:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 689.
Footnote 462:
Ehrlich, Lazarus u. Pinkus, “Leukaemie, etc.” in Nothnagel’s
“Specielle Pathologie u. Therapie,” Wien, 1901, Bd. VIII, I Theil, III
Heft. Schlussbetrachtungen. S. 163.
Footnote 463:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1901, p. 697.
Footnote 464:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 315.
Footnote 465:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1896, t. X, p. 193.
Footnote 466:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1896, Bd. XXI, S. 203.
Footnote 467:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 773.
Footnote 468:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1895, t. IX, p. 453.
Footnote 469:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1896, t. X, p. 371.
Footnote 470:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 290.
Footnote 471:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 312.
Footnote 472:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 492.
Footnote 473:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1901, t. XV, p. 289.
Footnote 474:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1895, t. IX, p. 800.
Footnote 475:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1899, I Abt., Bd.
XXVI, S. 428.
Footnote 476:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1899, Bd. XXXI, S. 110.
Footnote 477:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1892, t. VI, p. 308.
Footnote 478:
Marmorek, _Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1895, t. IX, p. 593.
Footnote 479:
_La Cellule_, Lierre et Louvain, 1895, t. XI, p. 175, and _Bull. Acad.
roy. de méd. de Belg._, Bruxelles, 1895.
Footnote 480:
_Bull. Acad. roy. de méd. de Belg._, Bruxelles, 1896.
Footnote 481:
_Habilitations-Schrift_, Marburg, 1899, and in von Behring’s “Beiträge
zur experimentellen Therapie,” 1899, Bd. I, S. 40.
Footnote 482:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 177.
Footnote 483:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1899, Bd. XXX, S. 251.
Footnote 484:
Laveran, “Titres et travaux scientifiques,” Paris, 1901, p. 39. _Ann.
de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1901, t. XV, p. 673.
Footnote 485:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1900, S. 285.
Footnote 486:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1901, t. XV, p. 225.
Footnote 487:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, 1901, S. 4.
Footnote 488:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1894, Bd. XVI, S. 287.
Footnote 489:
“La Sérothérapie de la fièvre typhoïde,” Bruxelles, 1896, p. 69.
Footnote 490:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1901, Bd. XXXVII, S. 199.
Footnote 491:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1877, t. LXXXV, p. 107.
Footnote 492:
_Arch. f. Hyg._, München u. Leipzig, 1887, Bd. VI, S. 442.
Footnote 493:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, Berlin, 1887, Bd. CVIII, S. 494.
Footnote 494:
_London Medical Record_, 1887.
Footnote 495:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1889, t. CVIII, p. 713.
Footnote 496:
_Ann. d. Microgr._, Paris, 1889, p. 465.
Footnote 497:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1889, t. CIX, p. 985.
Footnote 498:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1890, t. IV, p. 689.
Footnote 499:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1894, Bd. XVIII, S. 177.
Footnote 500:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1893, Bd. XIII, S.
426.
Footnote 501:
_Proc. Roy. Soc. London_, 1887, Vol. XLII, p. 17.
Footnote 502:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1893, pp. 294, 618; 1898, p. 344.
“Le tétanos,” Paris, 1899, p. 25.
Footnote 503:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 597.
Footnote 504:
_Arch. internat. de Pharmacodyn._, Gand et Paris, 1900, Vol. VII, p.
265.
Footnote 505:
“Traité sur le venin de la vipère,” Florence, 1781.
Footnote 506:
_Arch. de physiol. norm. et path._, Paris, Année XXVI, 1894, p. 423.
Footnote 507:
“Le venin des serpents,” Paris, 1896, p. 40.
Footnote 508:
“Allgemeine Therapie der Infectionskrankheiten,” Berlin u. Wien, 1899,
S. 992.
Footnote 509:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1891, p. 462; _Ann. de l’Inst.
Pasteur_, Paris, 1892, t. VI, p. 229.
Footnote 510:
Article: _Infectionsschutz und Immunität_ in Eulenburg’s
“Real-encyclopädie d. ges. Heilkunde” (Encyclop. Jahrbücher), Wien,
1900, Bd. IX, S. 203.
Footnote 511:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1898, S. 373.
Footnote 512:
_Vrach_, St Petersburg, 1897, p. 964.
Footnote 513:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1899, p. 77; _Bull. Muséum d.
hist. nat._, Paris, 1895, t. I, p. 294.
Footnote 514:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1898, S. 629.
Footnote 515:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1895, p. 639.
Footnote 516:
_Bull. Muséum d’hist. nat._, Paris, 1896, t. II, p. 100.
Footnote 517:
“Le venin des serpents,” Paris, 1896, p. 43.
Footnote 518:
The temporary immunity of the marmot (amongst mammals) against tetanus
toxin must be considered separately. According to Billinger and Dönitz
the marmot is insusceptible to this poison during its winter sleep.
But once it is awakened it readily contracts tetanus. H. Meyer, Halsey
and Ransom have observed the same fact in hibernating bats that have
been waked up. In these cases the immunity is dependent on the low
temperature which approximates these examples to that of the natural
immunity of the frog against the same toxin.
Footnote 519:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1894, Bd. XVI, S.
415.
Footnote 520:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 225.
Footnote 521:
“Allgemeine Therapie der Infectionskrankheiten,” Berlin u. Wien, 1899,
S. 982.
Footnote 522:
“Essai d’une théorie de l’infection,” Berlin, 1890; “Les microbes
pathogènes,” Paris, 1892, p. 33.
Footnote 523:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1888, t. II, p. 629; 1899, t. III,
p. 273.
Footnote 524:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1890, S. 717.
Footnote 525:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1890, No. 11.
Footnote 526:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1890, No. 49.
Footnote 527:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1890, SS. 1145, 1245.
Footnote 528:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1891, SS. 976, 1218.
Footnote 529:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1894, p. 111.
Footnote 530:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1894, pp. 120, 204. [Cf. also
Fraser, _Brit. Med. Journ._, London, 1895, Vol. I, p. 1309 and II, p.
416; _Nature_, London, 1896, Vol. LIII, p. 571.]
Footnote 531:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1896, t. X, p. 683.
Footnote 532:
“Le venin des serpents,” Paris, 1896, p. 54.
Footnote 533:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 316.
Footnote 534:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1890, No. 49.
Footnote 535:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1892, t. VI, p. 225.
Footnote 536:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1894, t. CVIII, p. 288; _Compt.
rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1894, p. 111.
Footnote 537:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1890, SS. 1145, 1245.
Footnote 538:
_Bull. Acad. de méd._, Paris, 1895, t. XXXIV, p. 216.
Footnote 539:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1896, Bd. XXI, S. 485.
Footnote 540:
“On the preparation of a potent antidiphtheria serum,” St Pétersbourg,
1897 (in Russian) [cf. _Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1897, S. 720].
Footnote 541:
“Allgemeine Therapie der Infectionskrankheiten,” Berlin u. Wien, 1899,
S. 1093.
Footnote 542:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1898, S. 597.
Footnote 543:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1897, Bd. XXIV, S. 425.
Footnote 544:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, pp. 568, 801.
Footnote 545:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1901, Bd. XXXVI, S. 325.
Footnote 546:
_Compt. rend. du Congrès internat. de méd. de Paris_ (Section de
bactériologie et parasitologie), 1901, p. 40.
Footnote 547:
_Compt. rend. du Congrès internat. de méd. de Paris_ (Section de
bactériologie et parasitologie), 1901, p. 45; _Ztschr. f. Hyg._,
Leipzig, 1901, Bd. XXXVII, S. 250.
Footnote 548:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1895, S. 457.
Footnote 549:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1896, t. X, p. 257.
Footnote 550:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1896, Bd. XXII, S. 312.
Footnote 551:
“Allgemeine Therapie der Infectionskrankheiten,” Berlin u. Wien, 1899,
S. 1052.
Footnote 552:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 318.
Footnote 553:
_Arch. de méd. expér. et d’anat. path._, Paris, 1897, t. IX, p. 770.
Footnote 554:
_Journ. de physiol. et de path. gén._, Paris, 1900, t. II, p. 973.
Footnote 555:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1890, S. 1113.
Footnote 556:
“Die praktischen Ziele der Blutserumtherapie,” Leipzig, 1892, S. 52.
Footnote 557:
_Ztschr. f. physiol. Chem._, Strassburg, 1901, Bd. XXXII, S. 318.
Footnote 558:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1893, t. VII, p. 81.
Footnote 559:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1892, Bd. XII, S. 183.
Footnote 560:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1894, Bd. XVIII, S. 248.
Footnote 561:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 324.
Footnote 562:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1891, p. 462; _Ann. de l’Inst.
Pasteur_, Paris, 1892, t. VI, p. 229.
Footnote 563:
_Arch. f. exper. Path. u. Pharmakol._, Leipzig, 1893, Bd. XXXI, S.
371.
Footnote 564:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1893, S. 1266.
Footnote 565:
_München, med. Wchnschr._, 1893, S. 480.
Footnote 566:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1894, t. VIII, p. 725.
Footnote 567:
“Le venin des serpents,” Paris, 1896, p. 58.
Footnote 568:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1896, Bd. XXII, S. 263.
Footnote 569:
_La Cellule_, Lierre et Louvain, 1896, t. XI, p. 359; _Ann. de l’Inst.
Pasteur_, Paris, 1896, t. X, p. 580.
Footnote 570:
_Arch. f. Hyg._, München u. Leipzig, 1897, Bd. XXX, S. 348.
Footnote 571:
Gheorghiewsky, _Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p.
298.
Footnote 572:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1901, Bd. XXXVI, S. 330.
Footnote 573:
[At a meeting held at St Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, cited by
Stephens and Myers in _Journ. Path. and Bacteriol._, Edin. and London,
1898, vol. V, p. 280.]
Footnote 574:
_Fortschr. d. Med._, Berlin, 1897, Jahrg. XV, S. 41.
Footnote 575:
_Proc. Roy. Soc. London_, 1898, Vol. LXIII, p. 423.
Footnote 576:
_Klin. Jahrbuch._, Berlin, 1897, Bd. VI, S. 13 [of reprint].
Footnote 577:
_Fortschr. d. Med._, Berlin, 1897, Jahrg. XV, S. 657; _München. med.
Wchnschr._, 1898, S. 321.
Footnote 578:
“Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die Grenzen der
Heilungsmöglichkeit des Tetanus,” Marburg, 1895, SS. 14, 21.
Footnote 579:
Lubarsch u. Ostertag’s “Ergebnisse d. allgem. Pathologie u. patholog.
Anatomie,” Wiesbaden, IV Jahrg. (for 1897), S. 121.
Footnote 580:
_Arch. internat. de Pharmacodyn._, Gand et Paris, 1896, Vol. III, p.
77.
Footnote 581:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1895, Bd. XX, S. 210.
Footnote 582:
_Centralbl. f. inn. Med._, Leipzig, 1895, Jahrg. XVI, SS. 913, 937.
Footnote 583:
_Arch. f. exper. Path. u. Pharmakol._, Leipzig, 1896, Bd. XXXVII, S.
191.
Footnote 584:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1896, t. X, p. 703.
Footnote 585:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1895, t. IX, p. 225.
Footnote 586:
“Die Werthbemessung d. Diphtherieheilserums” (_Klin. Jahrb._, Berlin,
1897, p. 20 of reprint).
Footnote 587:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1893, t. VII, p. 98.
Footnote 588:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1893, S. 1253; “Allgemeine
Therapie der Infectionskrankheiten” in Eulenburg u. Samuel’s “Lehrb.
d. allg. Therapie,” Berlin u. Wien, 1899, Bd. III, S. 1051.
Footnote 589:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1901, S. 157.
Footnote 590:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1895, Bd. XIX, S. 109.
Footnote 591:
“Allgemeine Therapie der Infectionskrankheiten,” in Eulenburg u.
Samuel’s “Lehrb. d. allg. Therapie,” Berlin u. Wien, 1899, Bd. III.
Footnote 592:
“Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die Grenzen der
Heilungsmöglichkeit des Tetanus,” Marburg, 1895, SS. 18, 19.
Footnote 593:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1901, S. 157.
Footnote 594:
_Ztschr. f. Heilk._, Berlin, 1901, Bd. XXII, S. 1.
Footnote 595:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1901, Bd. XXXVII, S. 194.
Footnote 596:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1891, p. 464.
Footnote 597:
_Berlin klin. Wchnschr._, 1901, S. 157. The idea of immunising monkeys
against diphtheria was suggested to von Behring by the fact that the
immunity conferred by serums was the more durable the nearer the
relation between the serum used and the blood of the species which
receives the protective injection. Von Behring supposed that the
diphtheria antitoxin, introduced into the human body, would be
maintained there longer, if the antitoxic serum injected came from
monkeys, species much nearer man than is the horse, the usual source
of antidiphtheria serum. The immunity conferred by this horse serum is
generally of very short duration.
Footnote 598:
Ehrlich’s antitoxic unit is adopted by most investigators not only in
Germany, but also in other countries. This unit corresponds to 1 c.c.
of serum capable of neutralising 100 lethal doses of a standard toxin,
i.e. that used to establish the first standard of antitoxin. The serum
must be injected after being mixed _in vitro_ with the toxin. The
neutralisation must be complete and give rise to no symptom of
intoxication.
Footnote 599:
These observations were communicated to me by M. Prevôt, the director
of the serotherapeutic station of the Pasteur Institute at Garches.
Footnote 600:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1893, SS. 1253, 1254.
Footnote 601:
Article “Immunität” in Eulenburg’s _Realencyclopädie_, III^{te}
Aufl., Wien, 1896; see also his “Allgemeine Therapie d.
Infectionskrankheiten,” in Eulenburg u. Samuel’s “Lehrb. d. allg.
Therapie,” Berlin u. Wien, 1899, Bd. III, SS. 996, 997.
Footnote 602:
_Op. cit. supra_ p. 370, S. 19.
Footnote 603:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1893, S. 380.
Footnote 604:
“Immunität” in Weyl’s “Handbuch der Hygiene,” Jena, 1897, Bd. IX, S.
48.
Footnote 605:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1898, p. 321.
Footnote 606:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1891, SS. 976, 1218; [_Ztschr. f.
Hyg._, Leipzig, 1892, Bd. XII, S. 183].
Footnote 607:
“Allgemeine Therapie der Infectionskrankheiten” in Eulenburg u.
Samuel’s “Lehrbuch der allgemeine Therapie,” Berlin u. Wien, 1899, Bd.
III, S. 997.
Footnote 608:
_Journ. Path. and Bacteriol._, Edin. and London, 1900, Vol. VI, p.
180.
Footnote 609:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1893, t. VII, p. 82.
Footnote 610:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 763.
Footnote 611:
_Op. cit. supra_, p. 363, IV Jahrg., S. 122.
Footnote 612:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1898, t. CXXVI, p. 1229.
Footnote 613:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1897, Bd. XXIV, S. 514.
Footnote 614:
“Die Werthbemessung des Diphtherieheilserums” (_Klin. Jahrb._, Berlin,
1897, Bd. VI), SS. 13–17 of reprint.
Footnote 615:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1898, S. 5.
Footnote 616:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1898, S. 68.
Footnote 617:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 91.
Footnote 618:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, pp. 81, 263.
Footnote 619:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 156.
Footnote 620:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 225.
Footnote 621:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1898.
Footnote 622:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 801.
Footnote 623:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 81.
Footnote 624:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1898, p. 602.
Footnote 625:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 238.
Footnote 626:
_l.c._ p. 343.
Footnote 627:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1898, Bd. XXVII, S. 213.
Footnote 628:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1897, p. 1053; and 1898, p. 431;
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1897, p. 1057; and 1898, p. 153.
Footnote 629:
_Ann. de l’Insl. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 126.
Footnote 630:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1901, S. 194.
Footnote 631:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1895, t. IX, p. 244.
Footnote 632:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 465.
Footnote 633:
_Arch. internat. de Pharmacodyn._, Gand et Paris, 1900, vol. VII, p.
65.
Footnote 634:
_Semaine méd._, Paris, 1899, p. 411.
Footnote 635:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1897, S. 428.
Footnote 636:
_l.c._ p. 229.
Footnote 637:
_Compt. rend. Congrès internat. de Médicine de Paris_, Section de
bactériologie et de parasitologie, Paris, 1891, p. 30.
Footnote 638:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1898, S. 321.
Footnote 639:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 808.
Footnote 640:
“Les réactions leucocytaires, vis-à-vis de certaines toxines,” Paris,
1894.
Footnote 641:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1891, t. V, p. 1.
Footnote 642:
“Cinquantenaire de la Société de Biologie,” Volume jubilaire, Paris,
1899, p. 202.
Footnote 643:
The rapid disappearance of poisons from the blood is proved also by
the experiments of von Behring, Dönitz, Decroly and Rousse (_Arch.
internat. de Pharmacodyn._, Gand et Paris, 1899, t. VI, p. 211) on
snake venom and diphtheria and tetanus toxins, as likewise by those of
Heymans and Masoin (_Ibid._, 1901, t. VIII, p. 1) on the malonic and
pyrotartaric nitrites. These poisons, within a few minutes of their
injection into the veins, are absorbed by the cell elements.
Footnote 644:
“Contribution à l’étude physiologique du leucocyte,” Paris, 1901, p.
39.
Footnote 645:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1894, t. VIII, p. 719.
Footnote 646:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, pp. 49, 209.
Footnote 647:
See Besredka, _op. cit._, p. 50, for its approximate composition and
distinction from ordinary yellow trisulphide.
Footnote 648:
_Arb. d. pharmak. Instit. z. Dorpat_, 1893, 1894, Bde VII-X.
Footnote 649:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1894, t. VIII, p. 719.
Footnote 650:
Lubarsch u. Ostertag’s _Ergebnisse d. allg. Path._, Jahrg. IV for
1897, Wiesbaden, 1899, S. 107.
Footnote 651:
_Arb. d. pharmak. Instit. z. Dorpat_, 1893, Bd. IX, S. 27.
Footnote 652:
Communication to the XIIIth Intern. Congress of Medicine in Paris,
1900.
Footnote 653:
“Les toxines microbiennes et animales,” Paris, 1896.
Footnote 654:
In Bouchard’s _Traité de Pathologie générale_, Paris, 1900, t. III,
2^{me} partie, article “Inflammation.”
Footnote 655:
Römer’s recent researches (_Arch. f. Ophth._, Leipzig, 1901, Bel. LII,
S. 72) on anti-abrin accord very well with our hypothesis. He was able
to demonstrate that the spleen, the bone-marrow, and the conjunctiva
of the eye, when submitted to the influence of abrin, contain a
notable quantity of anti-abrin. Now these three organs are very rich
in phagocytes.
Footnote 656:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, Berlin, 1884, Bd. XCVI, S. 192.
Footnote 657:
_Arch. de Biol._, Gand et Leipzig, 1893, t. XIII, p. 245.
Footnote 658:
_Ann. de dermat. et de syph._, Paris, 1900, t. X, p. 729.
Footnote 659:
von Graefe’s _Arch. f. Ophth._, Leipzig, 1894, Bd. XL, S. 130.
Footnote 660:
Deutschmann’s _Beitr. z. Augenheilk_, Hamburg u. Leipzig, 1893, Hft.
VIII.
Footnote 661:
_op. cit. supra._
Footnote 662:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 210.
Footnote 663:
_Arch. d’anat. microsc._, Paris, 1898, t. II, pp. 44, 177.
Footnote 664:
[_Med.-Chir. Trans._, London, 1895, Vol. LXXVIII, p. 239]; _The
Lancet_, London, 1896, Vol. I, p. 86; _Brit. Med. Journ._, London,
1896, Vol. I, p. 137.
Footnote 665:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1893, p. 756.
Footnote 666:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1896, S. 730.
Footnote 667:
Batzaroff, “La pneumonie pesteuse expérimentale,” _Ann. de l’Inst.
Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 385.
Footnote 668:
“La Lèpre,” Paris, 1894.
Footnote 669:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1897, S. 1063.
Footnote 670:
_Presse méd._, Paris, 1899, 8 avril.
Footnote 671:
“Untersuchungen über Staubinhalation,” Leipzig, 1885.
Footnote 672:
“Eingangspforten der Infectionsorganismen,” Berlin, 1881.
Footnote 673:
_Mitth. aus der Brehmer’schen Heilanstalt_, 1899, S. 297.
Footnote 674:
“Experim. Unters. ii. d. Eindringen path. Microorganismen,”
Königsberg, 1888, [and in Ziegler’s _Beitr. z. path. Anat._, Jena,
1888, Bd. II, S. 411].
Footnote 675:
_Arch. f. Hyg._, München u. Leipzig, 1887, Bd. VIII, S. 145.
Footnote 676:
Baumgarten’s _Arb. auf d. Geb. d. path. Anat._ etc., Braunschweig,
1892, Bd. I, S. 450.
Footnote 677:
“Der Untergang pathog. Schimmelpilze im Körper,” Bonn, 1887.
Footnote 678:
“Die acute Entzündung der Lunge,” Bonn, 1886.
Footnote 679:
“Ueb. d. Untergang des Staphylococcus,” etc., Bonn, 1887.
Footnote 680:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1889, t. III, p. 337.
Footnote 681:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1897, p. 265.
Footnote 682:
“Die Mikroorganismen der Mundhöhle,” Leipzig, 2^{te} Aufl., 1892.
Footnote 683:
“La saliva umana,” Siena, 1891, and _Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u.
Parasitenk._, Jena, 1891, Bd. X, S. 817.
Footnote 684:
_op. cit._
Footnote 685:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1896, t. X, p. 545.
Footnote 686:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 510.
Footnote 687:
“Allgemeine Therapie der Infectionskrankheiten,” in Eulenburg u.
Samuel’s “Lehrb. d. allg. Therapie,” Berlin u. Wien, 1899, Bd. III, S.
980.
Footnote 688:
_Arch. de méd. expér. et d’anat. path._, Paris, 1889, t. I, p. 370.
Footnote 689:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1885, no. 49.
Footnote 690:
Amongst this acidophile flora one species merits particular attention.
This is a spirillum, discovered by Bizzozero in the mucous membrane of
the stomach of the dog. Salomon (_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u.
Parasitenk._, Jena, 1896, Bd. XIX, S. 433) has studied this organism,
not only in the dog, but in the cat and Norway rat. Multiplying on the
mucous membrane, the very mobile spirillum penetrates into the
epithelial cells or is met with inside vacuoles. These latter being in
communication with the external medium, the spirilla can readily
penetrate by the openings. This fact has, then, nothing in common with
phagocytosis, where it is the cell which ingests the micro-organisms
by means of its amoeboid movements.
Footnote 691:
Von Volkmann’s _Samml. klin. Vortr._, Leipzig, 1898, no. 38, S. 290.
Footnote 692:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 510.
Footnote 693:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1892, p. 153.
Footnote 694:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1897, p. 830, and Charrin, “Les
défenses naturelles de l’organisme,” Paris, 1898, p. 128.
Footnote 695:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1898, Bd. XXIII, SS.
840, 880.
Footnote 696:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1895, t. IX, p. 517.
Footnote 697:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1891, SS. 976, 1218.
Footnote 698:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1896, Bd. XIX, S.
442.
Footnote 699:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1900, S. 553.
Footnote 700:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1880, t. XCI, p. 86.
Footnote 701:
_Fortschr. d. Med._, Berlin, 1888, Bd. VI, S. 809.
Footnote 702:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1894, p. 38.
Footnote 703:
_Brit. Med. Journ._, London, 1897, Vol. II, p. 595.
Footnote 704:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1898, p. 1057.
Footnote 705:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 345.
Footnote 706:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1897, SS. 225, 241.
Footnote 707:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1898, Abt. I, Bd.
XXIII, S. 782.
Footnote 708:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 506.
Footnote 709:
Perhaps the intestinal micro-organisms also play a part in the
immunity of the animal against Entozoa. Many of the examples of this
immunity are very striking. Certain intestinal worms can live only in
the digestive canal of a single or of a very small number of species
of animals. When we feed rabbits with a quantity of the cysticerci of
the pig these pass living into the small intestine and are there
transformed into true scolices. But, instead of reproducing
themselves, they are expelled and never give rise to the development
of taeniae. The immunity against intestinal parasites has never been
made the object of special study, and it is only as a pure hypothesis
that I offer this suggestion as to the part played by the
micro-organisms of the intestinal flora.
Footnote 710:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1894, t. VIII, p. 549.
Footnote 711:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 802.
Footnote 712:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1897, p. 545.
Footnote 713:
_Arch. de Sci. biol._, St Pétersbourg, 1892, t. I.
Footnote 714:
“Les défenses naturelles de l’organisme,” Paris, 1898.
Footnote 715:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1885, S. 197.
Footnote 716:
_Centralb. f. d. med. Wissensch._, Berlin, Jahrg, 1885, S. 801.
Footnote 717:
_Gior. internaz. d. sc. med._, Napoli, 1886, p. 318.
Footnote 718:
_Quart. Journ. Micr. Sc._, Lond., 1890, Vol. XXX, n.s., p. 481.
Footnote 719:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1884, Bd. XCVII, S. 211.
Footnote 720:
“Bakteriologie des weiblichen Genitalkanals,” Leipzig, 1897.
Footnote 721:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1901, t. XV, p. 842.
Footnote 722:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 699.
Footnote 723:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1893, t. VII, p. 65.
Footnote 724:
“Die Etiologie des Erysipels,” Berlin, 1883.
Footnote 725:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1900, SS. 781, 801.
Footnote 726:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1900, Bd. CLXII, S. 222.
Footnote 727:
Address given at the XIIth International Congress of Medicine at
Moscow, 1897.
Footnote 728:
See Hudalo, _Ann. de dermat. et de syph._, Paris, 1891, t. II, pp.
353, 470.
Footnote 729:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1891, S. 101.
Footnote 730:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1892, t. VI, p. 773.
Footnote 731:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1896, Bd. XXI, S. 213.
Footnote 732:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1901, t. XV, p. 289.
Footnote 733:
_Bull. et mém. Soc. méd. d. hôp. de Paris_, 1901, 20 juin, p. 624.
Footnote 734:
“Le phénomène de l’agglutination des microbes,” Paris, 1897, p. 76.
Footnote 735:
_Presse méd._, Paris, 1896, No. 83.
Footnote 736:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1892, S. 827.
Footnote 737:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1892, S. 1072; 1893, S. 1241.
Footnote 738:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1892, S. 1267.
Footnote 739:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1894, Bd. XVI, S. 308.
Footnote 740:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1893, Bd. XIV, S. 42.
Footnote 741:
_Hyg. Rundsch._, Berlin, 1895, S. 145.
Footnote 742:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1893, t. VII, p. 417.
Footnote 743:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1898, S. 363.
Footnote 744:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1898, S. 247.
Footnote 745:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1893, Bd. XIII, S.
153.
Footnote 746:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1894, SS. 899, 936.
Footnote 747:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1895, S. 400.
Footnote 748:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1895, Bd. XIX, S. 408.
Footnote 749:
_Prag. med. Wchnschr._, 1896.
Footnote 750:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1888, t. II, p. 69.
Footnote 751:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1892, Bd. XII, S. 183; Brieger u. Ehrlich,
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, 1892, S. 393.
Footnote 752:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1894, Bd. XVIII, S. 57.
Footnote 753:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1893, Bd. XIII, S.
81; _Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1892, S. 394.
Footnote 754:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1893, t. CXVII, p. 365; _Rev. gén.
d. sc. pures et appliq._, Paris, 1896, p. 1.
Footnote 755:
_Festschr. z. 100-jahr. Stiftungsf. d. med. chir. Friedr.
Wilhelms-Instituts_, Berlin, 1895.
Footnote 756:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1896, t. X, p. 65.
Footnote 757:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 129.
Footnote 758:
_Arch. d. Sci. biol._, St Pétersbourg, 1901, t. VIII, p. 211.
Footnote 759:
_Arch. d. Sci. biol._, St Pétersbourg, 1901, t. VIII, p. 421.
Footnote 760:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1897, p. 804.
Footnote 761:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1897, p. 950.
Footnote 762:
_Semaine méd._, Paris, 1896, p. 303.
Footnote 763:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1901, Bd. XXXVII, S. 323.
Footnote 764:
“Le charbon bactérien,” Paris, 1883, p. 184.
Footnote 765:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1868, t. LXVI, pp. 289, 317, 359.
Footnote 766:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1872, Bd. LV, S. 229.
Footnote 767:
_Monatssch. f. prakt. Dermat._, Hamburg, 1887; “Die Protozoen als
Krankheitserreger,” Jena, 1891, S. 184.
Footnote 768:
_Arch. per le sc. med._, Torino, 1892, t. XVI, p. 403.
Footnote 769:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1897, t. XI, p. 289.
Footnote 770:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1901, S. 130; _Brit. Med. Journ._,
London, 1901, Vol. I, p. 448.
Footnote 771:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1901, S. 261.
Footnote 772:
“Die Geschichte der Pocken und der Impfung,” von Coler’s _Bibliothek_,
Berlin, 1901.
Footnote 773:
_Lancet_, London, 1901, Vol. II, p. 796.
Footnote 774:
_Médecine moderne_, Paris, 1896, p. 441.
Footnote 775:
Nocard et Leclainche, “Les maladies microbiennes des animaux,” 2^e
édition, Paris, 1898, pp. 464, 469.
Footnote 776:
Report by Viala in the _Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1901, t. XV,
p. 445. There will be found in Marie’s work, “La rage” (_Collection
des aides-mém._, Paris, 1900), many details on antirabic vaccination.
Footnote 777:
According to Krajouchkine, in the _Arch. d. Sci. biol._, St
Pétersbourg, 1901, t. VIII, p. 349.
Footnote 778:
According to Marx in _Klin. Jahrb._, Berlin, 1900, Bd. VII, S. 1.
Footnote 779:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1888, t. II, p. 341.
Footnote 780:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1881, t. XCIII, p. 284.
Footnote 781:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1897, SS. 225, 241.
Footnote 782:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1898, Bd. XXIX, S. 309.
Footnote 783:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899, t. XIII, p. 319; 1901, t. XV,
p. 715.
Footnote 784:
_Rec. de méd. vét._, Paris, 1901, pp. 48, 115.
Footnote 785:
_Report on an experim. Investig. of the method of Inoculation against
Rinderpest_, Calcutta, 1900; _Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1900, Bd.
XXXV, S. 59.
Footnote 786:
Nencki, Sieber and Wyznikiewicz, _Arch. internat. de Pharmacodyn._,
Gand et Paris, 1899, vol. V, p. 475.
Footnote 787:
J. Mendez, _Anal. d. Circ. Med. Argent._, Buenos Aires, 1901, t. XXIV,
Nos. 5, 6.
Footnote 788:
On the methods of vaccination against anthrax see Chamberland, “Le
charbon et la vaccination charbonneuse,” Paris, 1883.
Footnote 789:
“Le charbon bactérien,” Paris, 1883; 2^e édition, 1887.
Footnote 790:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1900, t. XIV, pp. 202, 513.
Footnote 791:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1883, t. XCVII, p. 1163.
Footnote 792:
_Arch. f. Hyg._, München u. Leipzig, 1891, Bd. XII, S. 275.
Footnote 793:
_Deutsche thierärztl. Wchnschr._, Karlsruhe, 1893, Bd. I, SS. 41, 85;
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1893, Bd. XIII, S.
357; _Deutsche Ztschr. f. Thiermed._, Leipzig, 1894, Bd. XX, S. 1.
Footnote 794:
_Rev. vét._, Toulouse, 1900, t. LVII, p. 346.
Footnote 795:
_Rev. vét._, Toulouse, 1901, t. LVIII, p. 149.
Footnote 796:
_Deutsche thierärztl. Wchnschr._, Karlsruhe, 1901, No. 6.
Footnote 797:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 240; _Cinquanten.
d. l. Soc. d. biol._, Paris, 1899, p. 440; Dujardin-Beaumetz, “Le
microbe de la péripneumonie,” Thèse de Paris, 1900.
Footnote 798:
In 1884, in the Department of the Basses-Pyrenées, the Willems’ method
of inoculation was carried out on 1354 Bovidae; of this number 10 died
and 45 lost their tails completely. In 1901, in the same department,
2800 Bovidae were inoculated with pure cultures, only 1 died and 9
lost their tails.
Footnote 799:
“L’inoculation préventive contre le choléra morbus asiatique”
(translated from the Spanish), Paris, 1893.
Footnote 800:
“Anti-cholera Inoculations in India,” _Indian Med. Gaz._, Calcutta,
1895, No. 1. [Also Report to the Gov. of India, Calcutta, 1895.]
Footnote 801:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1893, t. VII, p. 579.
Footnote 802:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1896, S. 735.
Footnote 803:
Wright and Leishman, _Brit. Med. Journ._, London, 1900, Vol. I, p.
122; [Wright, “A short treatise on anti-typhoid inoculation,” London,
1904].
Footnote 804:
_Brit. Med. Journ._, London, 1901, Vol. I, p. 84.
Footnote 805:
_Lancet_, London, 1901, Vol. I, p. 399.
Footnote 806:
_Lancet_, London, 1901, Vol. I, p. 1272.
Footnote 807:
_Brit. Med. Journ._, London, 1900, Vol. I, p. 1456.
Footnote 808:
_Gaz. clin. de Botkine_, St Pétersb., 1899, p. 1911 (in Russian).
Footnote 809:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1895, t. IX, p. 589.
Footnote 810:
_Brit. Med. Journ._, London, 1897, Vol. I, p. 1461; _Indian Med.
Gaz._, Calcutta, 1897, Vol. XXXII, p. 201.
Footnote 811:
“Joint Report on the Epidemic of Plague in Lower Damaun,” Bombay,
1897.
Footnote 812:
_Arb. a. d. K. Gsndhtsamte_, Berlin, 1899, Bd. XVI, S. 331.
Footnote 813:
“Report of the Indian Plague Commission,” London, 1901, Vol. V,
Chapter IV.
Footnote 814:
_Ibid._ Chapter IV, p. 81.
Footnote 815:
See Calmette, “Rapport sur les vaccinations contre la peste,” _Compt.
rend. d. X Congr. internat. d’hyg. de Paris_, 1900.
Footnote 816:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1897, SS. 227, 289.
Footnote 817:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1899. t. XIII, p. 902.
Footnote 818:
_Bull. Acad. roy. de méd. de Belg._, Bruxelles, 1900. 27 Octobre.
Footnote 819:
_Bull. Acad. de méd._, Paris, 1895, t. XXXIV, p. 407; _ibid._, 1897,
t. XXXVIII, p. 109; _Compt. rend. XII Congr. Internat. de Méd. à
Moscou_, 1897, t. VII, p. 244.
Footnote 820:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1893, S. 390.
Footnote 821:
Ehrlich, Kossel u. Wassermann, _Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig,
1894, S. 353; _Klin. Jahrb._, Berlin, 1897, Bd. VI.
Footnote 822:
_Compt. rend. X Congr. internat. d’hyg. et de démogr._, Paris, 1900.
Footnote 823:
_Ztschr. d. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1901, Bd. XXXVIII, S. 372.
Footnote 824:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1895, S. 408.
Footnote 825:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1895, SS. 426, 443, 464.
Footnote 826:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1895, S. 758.
Footnote 827:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1896, S. 602.
Footnote 828:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1896, S. 516.
Footnote 829:
_Therap. Monatsh._, Berlin, 1896, S. 269.
Footnote 830:
_Deutsche Vrtljschr. f. öff. Gsndhtspflg._, Brnschwg., 1897, Bd. XXIX,
Heft 1.
Footnote 831:
See the report by Löhr in _Jahrb. f. Kinderh._, Leipzig, 1896, Bd.
XLIII, S. 67.
Footnote 832:
See Slawyk, _Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1898, S. 35.
Footnote 833:
“Les progrès dans l’application du sérum antidiphthérique,” St
Pétersbourg, 1898, p. 105 (in Russian).
Footnote 834:
_Vrach_, St Pétersbourg, 1900, p. 1178 (in Russian).
Footnote 835:
_Chron. méd. d. gouvern. de Kherson_, 1896, No. 5, p. 160 (in
Russian).
Footnote 836:
_Chron. méd. d. gouvern. de Kherson_, 1896, No. 19, p. 743.
Footnote 837:
_Bull. et mém. Soc. méd. des Hôp. de Paris_, 1901, p. 585.
Footnote 838:
_Bull. Soc. d. Pédiatr. de Paris_, 1901, mai et juin.
Footnote 839:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1896, t. CXXII, p. 441.
Footnote 840:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1885, t. C, p. 659.
Footnote 841:
This pamphlet has been reprinted in the _Rec. de méd. vét._, Paris,
1886, p. 624.
Footnote 842:
Barthels, “Die Medicin der Naturvölker,” Leipzig, 1893, S. 128; Pagel,
“Einführung in die Geschichte der Medicin,” Berlin, 1898, S. 313.
Footnote 843:
Häser, “Lehrbuch der Geschichte der Medicin,” 3^{te} Aufl., Jena,
1881, Bd. II S. 1075.
Footnote 844:
See Vallery-Radot, “La Vie de Pasteur,” Paris, 1900, p. 427.
Footnote 845:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1880, t. XC, pp. 939, 952, 1030;
t. XCI, pp. 571, 673.
Footnote 846:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1880, t. XC, p. 247.
Footnote 847:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1880, t. XC, p. 1526.
Footnote 848:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1880, t. XCI, p. 536.
Footnote 849:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1880, t. XCI, p. 680.
Footnote 850:
“Die Naegeli’sche Theorie d. Infectionskrankheiten,” Leipzig, 1877;
“Eine neue Theorie über Erziel. v. Immunität,” München, 1883.
Footnote 851:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1881, Bd. LXXXIV, S. 87.
Footnote 852:
_Mitth. a. d. k. Gsndhtsamte_, Berlin, 1881, Bd. I, S. 134.
Footnote 853:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1870, p. 115; _Gaz. hebd. de
méd._, Paris, 1871, p. 291.
Footnote 854:
Abstract in _Schmidt’s Jahrb._, Leipzig, 1872, Bd. CLX, S. 97.
Footnote 855:
“Beiträge zur pathologische Anatomie der Schusswunden,” Leipzig, 1872.
Footnote 856:
_Archiv f. Gynaek._, Berlin, 1872, Bd. III, S. 293.
Footnote 857:
Cohn’s _Beitr. z. Biol. d. Pflanzen_, Breslau, 1876, Bd. II, S. 300.
Footnote 858:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1874, Bd. LX, S. 347.
Footnote 859:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1877, Bd. lxx, S. 546; 1881, Bd. LXXXIV, S. 87.
Footnote 860:
_Archiv f. Physiol._, Leipzig, 1881, S. 308, Taf. V.
Footnote 861:
“Beiträge zur Biologie niederster Organismen,” Marburg, 1881.
Footnote 862:
Roser, “Ueber Entzündung und Heilung,” Leipzig, 1886.
Footnote 863:
“Methoden der Bacterienforschung,” 4^{te} Aufl., Wiesbaden, 1889, S.
10.
Footnote 864:
“Die Radiolarien,” Berlin, 1862.
Footnote 865:
“Die Kalkschwämme,” Berlin, 1872.
Footnote 866:
_Arb. a. d. zool. Inst. d. Univ. Wien_, 1883, Bd. V, S. 141.
Footnote 867:
_Biol. Centralbl._, Erlangen, 1883, Bd. III, S. 560.
Footnote 868:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1884, Bd. XCVI, S. 177.
Footnote 869:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1884, Bd. XCVII, S. 502.
Footnote 870:
_Rep. Brit. Ass. Adv. Sci._, London, 1896, p. 26; _Rev. Scient._,
Paris, 17 Octobre, 1896, p. 493.
Footnote 871:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1884.
Footnote 872:
_Ztschr. f. klin. Med._, Berlin, 1888, Bd. XV, S. 1.
Footnote 873:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1888, Bd. CXIV, S. 465; _Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_,
Paris, 1890, t. IV, p. 35.
Footnote 874:
“Lehrb. d. pathol. Anat.,” Jena, 3^{te} Aufl.; _Beitr. z. path.
Anat._, Jena, 1889, Bd. V, S. 419.
Footnote 875:
_Fortschr. d. Med._, Berlin, 1887, Bd. V, S. 732; _Ibid._, 1888, Bd.
VI, SS. 83, 809.
Footnote 876:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1885, Bd. CI, S. 12.
Footnote 877:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1890, S. 690.
Footnote 878:
_Virchow’s Archiv_, 1887, Bd. CIX, S. 365.
Footnote 879:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1886, S. 617; _Arch. f. Hyg._,
München u. Leipzig, 1886, Bd. IV, S. 129.
Footnote 880:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1888, Bd. IV, S. 353.
Footnote 881:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1888, Bd. IV, S. 223.
Footnote 882:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1888, Bd. IV, S. 318.
Footnote 883:
_Centralbl. f. klin. Med._, Bonn, 1888, No. 38.
Footnote 884:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1890, Bd. VIII, S. 412.
Footnote 885:
_Fortschr. d. Med._, Berlin, 1887, Bd. V, S. 653.
Footnote 886:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1887.
Footnote 887:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1891, Bd. X, S. 727.
Footnote 888:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1890, Bd. VIII, S.
65.
Footnote 889:
“Les microbes pathogènes,” Paris, 1892.
Footnote 890:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1889, Bd. VI, SS.
481, 529.
Footnote 891:
“Ueber bacteriologische Forschung,” Berlin, 1890.
Footnote 892:
“The present position of antiseptic surgery,” Berlin, 1890.
Footnote 893:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1891, SS. 551, 574.
Footnote 894:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1891, t. V, p. 517.
Footnote 895:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1887, t. I, p. 561.
Footnote 896:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1891, t. V, pp. 465, 534.
Footnote 897:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1892, t. VI, p. 289.
Footnote 898:
_Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc._, Paris, 1888, t. CVII, pp. 690, 748.
Footnote 899:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1894, Bd. XVI, S. 268.
Footnote 900:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1894, Bd. XVIII, S. 1; cf. also Pfeiffer
u. Issaeff, _ibid._, 1894, Bd. XVII, S. 355.
Footnote 901:
_Deutsche med. Wchnschr._, Berlin, 1896, SS. 97, 119.
Footnote 902:
“Schutzimpfung und Impfschutz,” Marburg, 1895.
Footnote 903:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1895, t. IX, p. 433.
Footnote 904:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1895, t. IX, p. 462; 1896, t. X, pp.
104, 193.
Footnote 905:
_Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk._, Jena, 1896, I^{te} Abt.,
Bd. XX, S. 766.
Footnote 906:
It would clearly be wrong to take one’s stand, in a purely scientific
question, on a national point of view. But it is a still greater
mistake to look at matters, in the investigation of problems which
concern science only, from a personal point of view. This, however, is
what has happened several times in the discussion of phagocytosis.
Certain discontented students have attempted to avenge themselves by
publishing works and criticisms directed against the theory of
phagocytosis. Having no doubt as to the motive for these publications
I consider myself fully justified in not referring to them in this
book, in which I have taken an exclusively scientific point of view,
and in which I have endeavoured to weigh as carefully as possible all
criticisms and objections that have been directed against me.
Footnote 907:
_Ztschr. f. Hyg._, Leipzig, 1898, Bd. XXVII, S. 272.
Footnote 908:
_Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur_, Paris, 1898, t. XII, p. 688; 1899, t. XIII,
p. 273.
Footnote 909:
_Berl. klin. Wchnschr._, 1899, S. 6.
Footnote 910:
_Brit. Med. Journ._, London, 1892, Vol. I, pp. 373, 492, 591, 604. A
very short summary of this discussion was given in the _Deutsche med.
Wchnschr._, Leipzig, 1892, S. 296.
Footnote 911:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1894, S. 717.
Footnote 912:
_München. med. Wchnschr._, 1900, S. 1193.
Footnote 913:
_Encyclop. Jahrbücher_, Wien, 1900, Bd. IX, S. 203.
Footnote 914:
“Grundriss der Hygiene,” Leipzig, 1889, S. 487.
Footnote 915:
“Grundriss der Hygiene,” Leipzig, 4^{te} Anfl., 1897, S. 507.
Footnote 916:
“Einführung in das Studium der Bakteriologie,” Leipzig, 1890, S. 146.
Footnote 917:
“Einführung in das Studium der Bakteriologie,” 5^{te} Aufl., 1898, S.
275.
Footnote 918:
“Traité de médecine” de Charcot, Bouchard, et Brissaud, 1891, t. I,
pp. 219–230.
Footnote 919:
“Traité de médecine...,” 2^e éd., 1898, t. I, pp. 250–254.
Footnote 920:
_Centralbl. f. allg. Path. u. path. Anat._, Jena, 1894, Bd. V, S. 212.
Footnote 921:
Lubarsch u. Ostertag’s “Ergebnisse d. allg. Path. u. path. Anat.,”
Wiesbaden, 1895, I. Abt., S. 384.
Footnote 922:
_Compt. rend. Soc. de biol._, Paris, 1900, p. 385.
Footnote 923:
“Ueber die Selbstordnung der Furchungszellen,” in _Berichte d.
naturwiss. Vereins zu Innsbruck_, 1893, Bd. XXI.
Footnote 924:
Herbst, _Biol. Centralbl._, Erlangen, 1894, 1895, Bde. XIV, XV;
Forssmann, Ziegler’s _Beitr. z. path. Anat._, Jena, 1898, Bd. XXIV, S.
56.
Footnote 925:
“The Relations of Clinical Medicine to Modern Scientific Development,”
a discourse delivered at Liverpool in September, 1896. _Rev. scient._,
Paris, 1896, 4^e sér. t. VI, p. 481; [_Rep. Brit. Ass. Adv. Sci._,
London, 1896, p. 3; _Brit. Med. Journ._, London, 1896, Vol. II, p.
733].
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